Ecological risk evaluation method and system for arid region, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological safety monitoring, and discloses an ecological risk evaluation method and system for an arid region, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: collecting historical land utilization data of a research area, and dividing the research area into a production space, an ecological space and a living space according to the historical land utilization data; selecting an evaluation index for ecological risk evaluation, performing normalization processing on the evaluation index, and determining a combined weight value of the evaluation index; constructing an ecological risk three-dimensional evaluation model based on potential-connectivity-restoring force on the basis of the evaluation indexes; according to the ecological risk three-dimensional evaluation model, ecological risk evaluation is carried out on the three-birth space of the research area, and various risk values and comprehensive ecological risk values of the research area are obtained. According to the method, the spatial-temporal change characteristics of the ecological risk are determined from the perspective of the three-generation space based on the ecological risk three-dimensional evaluation model of potential-connectivity-restoring force, and specific reasons for increasing the ecological risk can be found easily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological safety monitoring, and in particular to an arid area ecological risk assessment method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] The research on ecological risk assessment has gone through a development process from accident risk assessment in the early 1970s, to Barnthous's first adaptation of human health assessment into ecological risk assessment in the 1980s, to the regional ecological risk assessment that emerged in the late 1990s. It is an important branch of environmental impact assessment.

[0003] Most of the existing research results are based on the perspective of the dominant function of land use, using the landscape pattern method to construct an ecological risk assessment index and a multi-index model to evaluate ecological risks. This evaluation method is connected with land use landscape prediction and does not fully consider the impact of the ecosystem itself on ecological risks. This type of method is not suitable for ecological risk assessment of special landforms in arid areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an arid area ecological risk assessment method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment in view of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for assessing ecological risks in an arid area, comprising:

[0006] Collect historical land use data of the study area, and divide the study area into three life spaces: production, ecology and life according to the historical land use data;

[0007] Select the evaluation indicators for ecological risk assessment, normalize the evaluation indicators, and determine the combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators;

[0008] Based on the evaluation indicators, a three-dimensional ecological risk evaluation model based on potential-connectivity-resilience was constructed;

[0009] According to the three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model, the ecological risk of the three-life space in the study area was evaluated, and various risk values ​​and comprehensive ecological risk values ​​of the study area were obtained.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an arid area ecological risk assessment system, comprising:

[0011] The data preprocessing module is used to collect historical land use data of the study area and divide the study area into three life spaces: production, ecology and life according to the historical land use data;

[0012] An evaluation index selection module is used to select evaluation indicators for ecological risk assessment, normalize the evaluation indicators, and determine the combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators;

[0013] The evaluation model construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional ecological risk evaluation model based on potential-connectivity-resilience based on the evaluation indicators;

[0014] The ecological risk assessment module is used to conduct ecological risk assessment on the three-dimensional space of the study area based on the three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model, and obtain various risk values ​​and comprehensive ecological risk values ​​of the study area.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the arid zone ecological risk assessment method provided by the above technical solution.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method for assessing ecological risks in arid areas as provided in the above technical solution is implemented.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the arid zone ecological risk assessment method provided in the above-mentioned various optional embodiments.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: starting from the perspective of the three-life space, the potential factors and system resilience of the ecosystem itself and the interaction between nature and society are fully considered, and a three-dimensional ecological risk evaluation model based on potential-connectivity-resilience is constructed, thereby determining the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecological risks, which is conducive to discovering the specific reasons for the increase in ecological risks and realizing the effective identification of regional ecological risks; furthermore, relatively efficient land ecological risk control policies can be implemented according to local conditions based on the characteristics of different ecological risk areas, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing land ecological risks, thereby realizing the healthy and sustainable development of the three-life space system.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of an arid zone ecological risk assessment method shown as an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A flowchart of step S102 in the illustrated embodiment in an exemplary embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A flowchart of step S104 in the illustrated embodiment in an exemplary embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 A dendrogram showing the results of the three-life function clustering analysis of the current land use status in an arid area shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 The graph showing the change of the spatial average risk value of three-life in an arid area from 2000 to 2020 is shown as an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 A block diagram of an arid zone ecological risk assessment system is shown as an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following describes the embodiments of the present disclosure through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0027] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein may be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein may be used to implement this device and / or practice this method.

[0028] The arid zone ecological risk assessment method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be executed by any electronic device, for example, a terminal device, or a terminal device and a server. The server can be an independent server, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms, etc., and is not limited here.

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an arid zone ecological risk assessment method shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the arid area ecological risk assessment method may include steps S101 to S104, which are described in detail as follows:

[0030] S101, collect historical land use data of the study area, and divide the study area into three life spaces: production, ecology, and life based on the historical land use data.

[0031] The embodiment of the present invention takes a certain area in Xinjiang located in an arid area as an example, and collects historical land use data of the study area. The land use types may include cultivated land (paddy fields, dry land), forest land (forested land, shrub forest, sparse woodland and other forest land), grassland (high coverage grassland, medium coverage grassland and low coverage grassland), water bodies (rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ponds, permanent glaciers and snowfields, tidal flats and beaches), construction land (urban land, rural settlements and other construction land) and unused land (sand land, Gobi and saline-alkali land, swamps, bare land, bare rock texture and other unused land), etc.

[0032] Based on the historical land use data of the study area, the historical land use data of the study area were mapped in ArcGIS according to the classification of production space, ecological space and living space. Figure 4 The product-life-ecological space (PLES) land classification results shown in the figure are used for product-life-ecological space (PLES).

[0033] When classifying production-ecology-living space, a three-level scoring standard (the highest is 5 points, the middle is 3 points, the lowest is 1 point, and the lack of function is 0 points) can be used to establish the three-life function score of the land use classification system to evaluate the strength and completeness of the three-life functions of the current status of secondary land use in the study area.

[0034] According to the assessment results, it can be concluded that there are various land use types with ecological functions as the main function, including bare land, bare land, bare rock texture, swamp, saline-alkali land, Gobi, sandy land, low-coverage grassland, rivers and canals, permanent glacier snow, beaches, lakes, medium-coverage grassland, high-coverage grassland, sparse woodland, and shrub forest; there are various land use types with production functions as the main function, including dry land, other forest land, paddy fields, other construction land, forested land, reservoirs and ponds; there are various land use types with living functions as the main function, including urban land and rural residential land.

[0035] S102, selecting evaluation indicators for ecological risk assessment, normalizing the evaluation indicators, and determining combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators.

[0036] When selecting evaluation indicators, the embodiments of the present invention can refer to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), local policy documents and special landforms in arid areas, and select an indicator system suitable for ecological risk assessment in arid areas, so as to separate the ecological risk assessment work from the landscape, thereby breaking through the bottleneck of ecological risk assessment in arid areas, focusing on the ecosystem itself, considering the relationship between nature and society and it, and providing more reasonable and scientific guidance for optimizing the pattern of arid areas, improving the connectivity and stability of the ecological environment, and maintaining regional ecological security.

[0037] S103, construct a three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model based on potential-connectivity-resilience based on the evaluation indicators.

[0038] It should be noted that in the three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model, potential risk is the impact and response of the essential characteristics of the assessment object on the risk source. The higher the risk in the assessment result, the greater its value, the more unstable the system is and the lower the potential of the system itself. Connectivity risk is the interaction between the spatial structure of the system landscape and the risk source. By evaluating the response of different spatial structures of the system landscape to ecological risks, the larger its value, the more fragmented the landscape patches, the worse the connectivity, and the greater the risk. Resilience risk is the degree of response of the system to internal and external risk sources, that is, the degree of disturbance that the ecosystem can withstand and its ability to recover from disturbance.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention can determine the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecological risks by constructing a three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model based on potential-connectivity-resilience, which is conducive to discovering the specific reasons for the increase in ecological risks; and then, relatively efficient land ecological risk control policies can be implemented according to local conditions based on the characteristics of different ecological risk areas.

[0040] S104, conducting ecological risk assessment on the three-dimensional space of the study area according to the three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model, and obtaining various risk values ​​and comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention starts from the perspective of the three-life space, fully considers the potential factors and system resilience of the ecosystem itself and the interaction between nature and society, and constructs a three-dimensional ecological risk evaluation model based on potential-connectivity-resilience, so as to determine the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecological risks, which is conducive to discovering the specific reasons for the increase in ecological risks and realizing the effective identification of regional ecological risks; furthermore, relatively efficient land ecological risk control policies can be implemented according to local conditions according to the characteristics of different ecological risk areas, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing land ecological risks, thereby realizing the healthy and sustainable development of the three-life space system.

[0042] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments, evaluation indicators for ecological risk assessment are selected, including: establishing an indicator system of exposure and interference of potential, exposure and interference of connectivity, and exposure and interference of resilience based on the exposure and interference effects of risk sources.

[0043] It should be noted that when establishing the risk indicator system, corresponding evaluation indicators are selected from the potential level, connectivity level and resilience level respectively.

[0044] 1) Selection of evaluation indicators at the potential level.

[0045] Potential risk is the impact and response of the essential characteristics of the evaluation object on the risk source. The higher the risk in the evaluation result, that is, the larger its value, the more unstable the system is and the lower the potential of the system itself.

[0046] 1) The exposure effect of potential risks is an inherent characteristic of the ecosystem, including topography, urban and rural construction, and vegetation characteristics.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the potential exposure indicators include but are not limited to three indicators: slope, vegetation coverage and land use risk.

[0048] Among them, the slope mainly reflects the risk of soil erosion and water and soil loss in the terrain; the vegetation coverage mainly reflects the health of the ecosystem. High vegetation coverage usually indicates that the soil is well maintained, the water and nutrient cycle efficiency is high, and it can effectively inhibit water and soil loss and soil erosion; land use risk reflects the unreasonable land use methods, such as excessive agricultural reclamation, land degradation caused by excessive urban expansion, and ecological risks of biodiversity loss.

[0049] 2) The interference effect of potential risk is the external influence on the ecosystem, including natural factors and human interference.

[0050] Taking into account the local climate and water and soil conditions, in the embodiment of the present invention, the potential interference indicators include but are not limited to the three indicators of annual average temperature, water yield, and population density that can reflect the degree of concentration of human social and economic development.

[0051] Among them, temperature changes directly affect the growth cycle of plants, the behavior patterns of animals and the activity of microorganisms, which in turn affect biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Too high or too low temperatures will have a certain impact on ecological health; water yield is the amount of water produced in a region, which is mainly used to reflect the sustainability of water resources and the health of the ecosystem. A higher water yield usually indicates that the region has a good hydrological cycle, which helps to maintain vegetation growth and biodiversity; population density mainly reflects the pressure of human activities on the ecosystem and is one of the important indicators for measuring the social development status of a region.

[0052] 2) Selection of evaluation indicators at the connectivity level.

[0053] Connectivity risk is the interaction between the system landscape spatial structure and risk sources. It evaluates the response of different system landscape spatial structures to ecological risks. The larger the value, the more fragmented the landscape patches, the worse the connectivity, and the greater the risk.

[0054] 1) The exposure effect of connectivity risk is mainly reflected in the system landscape pattern.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the exposure indicators of connectivity include but are not limited to the four indicators of density index, patch density, Shannon diversity index and spread index.

[0056] Among them, the density index is generally used to measure the distribution density of specific resource patches in a region; patch density refers to the number of patches (i.e. discrete elements in the landscape, such as forests and wetlands) within a certain area; the Shannon diversity index is used to measure the species richness of a land cover type such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, etc. and its uniformity of distribution in the landscape; the spread index is used to assess the habitat fragmentation and ecological connectivity problems of the ecosystem.

[0057] 2) The interference effect of connectivity risk is mainly the impact of human production and life on the spatial structure of the landscape.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the interference indexes of connectivity include but are not limited to the distance to construction land, the distance to cultivated land and the road network density; these three indexes are used to reflect the degree of human interference to the landscape structure.

[0059] Among them, the distance to construction land refers to the distance from the ecologically sensitive area to the nearest construction land (such as residential, industrial or commercial facilities), which is an important indicator reflecting the pressure on the ecosystem. The distance to cultivated land is the distance between the natural or semi-natural ecological zone and the nearest cultivated land, which is an indicator to measure the impact of agricultural activities on the surrounding ecosystem. The road network density refers to the ratio of the total length of roads in a region to the total area of ​​the region, which is an important indicator for assessing the impact of human activities on the ecosystem.

[0060] 3) Selection of evaluation indicators at the resilience level.

[0061] Resilience risk is the degree to which a system responds to internal and external risk sources, that is, the degree of disturbance that an ecosystem can withstand and its ability to recover from disturbance. Ecosystem resilience is affected by both external disturbances and its own succession, such as the ecosystem's own restoration trend.

[0062] 1) The exposure effect of resilience risk is reflected in the ecological changes and recovery characteristics within the system.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the exposure indicators of resilience include but are not limited to the three indicators of ecosystem resilience index, habitat quality index and ecosystem service value index. These three indicators are used to measure the resilience of regional ecosystems and the quality of habitats.

[0064] Among them, the ecosystem resilience index is an indicator to measure the ability of an ecosystem to recover to its original state or function after being disturbed; the habitat quality index is a key indicator to measure habitat suitability and biodiversity potential, which usually reflects the health of the habitat and its ability to support local biological communities; the ecosystem service value index is an indicator to measure the value of direct and indirect services provided by an ecosystem, which can reflect the functional health and biodiversity status of the ecosystem, thereby indirectly showing ecological risks.

[0065] 2) The disruptive effect of resilience risk is reflected in the changing trends and directions of responses to external threats.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the most typical drought risk in arid areas is selected to indicate the impact of natural disasters on the ecosystem, and the drought risk is selected to indicate the interference caused to the ecosystem.

[0067] Among them, drought risk refers to the risk of water shortage due to insufficient precipitation, which can reflect the water resource sustainability and ecosystem health in ecological risks.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention selects an indicator system suitable for ecological risk assessment in arid areas by referring to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), local policy documents and special landforms in arid areas, so as to separate the ecological risk assessment work from the landscape, thereby breaking through the bottleneck of ecological risk assessment in arid areas, focusing on the ecosystem itself, considering the relationship between nature and society and it, and providing more reasonable and scientific guidance for optimizing the pattern of arid areas, improving the connectivity and stability of the ecological environment, and maintaining regional ecological security.

[0069] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 for Figure 1 The step S102 in the illustrated embodiment is a flow chart in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, step S102 may specifically include steps S201 to S203. The combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators are obtained through the above steps, which are described in detail as follows:

[0070] S201, determining a first weight value of each evaluation index based on an entropy weight method.

[0071] It should be noted that before calculating the first weight value of each evaluation indicator, each evaluation indicator needs to be normalized. The specific processing method is as follows:

[0072] Positive indicator: Z ij =x ij -min(x ij ) / max(x ij )-min(x ij )

[0073] Negative indicator: Z ij =max(x ij )-x ij / max(x ij )-min(x ij )

[0074] In the formula, Z ij is the value of the i-th indicator in the j-th indicator after standardization; x ij is the original index value; max(x ij ) is the maximum value in the original index; min(x ij ) is the minimum value in the original index.

[0075] Next, the first weight value of each evaluation index is determined based on the entropy weight method. The specific formula is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, Z ijis the value of the i-th index in the j-th index after standardization; P ij is the proportion of the i-th sample under the j-th indicator; n is the number of samples, m is the number of evaluation indicators; when P ij =0, P ij ln(P ij )=0;e j is the entropy value of the jth evaluation index; ω′ j is the first weight value of the j-th evaluation index.

[0078] S202, determining the second weight value of each evaluation index based on the hierarchical analysis method.

[0079] Specifically, a hierarchical model is constructed, namely, the target layer, the indicator layer and the scheme layer; according to the relative importance of each evaluation indicator in the ecological risk assessment, a judgment matrix between two indicators is constructed, and the maximum eigenvalue of each matrix and its corresponding eigenvector are calculated. The eigenvector is the main basis for the ranking of each evaluation indicator and is also the weight set of each indicator factor; the second weight value of each evaluation indicator is determined according to the ratio of the eigenvector to the total number of indicators; finally, a consistency test is carried out on the judgment matrix, and if the result is less than or equal to the preset value (such as the result is less than or equal to 0.1), it means that a reliable second weight value ω″ of the jth evaluation indicator is obtained. j .

[0080] S203, determining the combined weight value of each evaluation index according to the first weight value and the second weight value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, ω l is the combined weight value; ω′ j is the first weight value of the jth evaluation index; ω″ j is the second weight value of the j-th evaluation indicator; l=j=1,…,m; where m represents the number of evaluation indicators.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, the above evaluation indicators are normalized and the indicator weights are calculated. The specific values ​​are shown in Table 1:

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, a subjective and objective combined value assignment method based on the combination of entropy weight method and hierarchical analysis method is used to obtain the combined weight value of each evaluation index. The entropy weight method uses the data variability of each index to objectively determine the weight of the index, avoiding the interference of human subjective factors; while the hierarchical analysis method constructs a hierarchical structure of decision-making problems and conducts paired comparisons, and subjectively assigns weights to each index based on expert judgment, fully reflecting the decision maker's preferences and experience. This combined weighting method takes into account both the variability of objective data and the subjective intention of the decision maker, and can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the importance of each index in decision-making.

[0087] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 1 The step S104 in the embodiment shown is a flow chart in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, step S104 may specifically include steps S301 to S304. Through the above steps, various risk values ​​and comprehensive ecological risk values ​​of the study area are obtained, which are described in detail as follows:

[0088] S301, weighted summing up each evaluation index at the potential level is performed according to the combined weight value of each evaluation index to obtain the potential risk value of the study area.

[0089] The calculation method of potential risk value is:

[0090]

[0091] Where PR is the potential risk value; a is the combined weight value of the ath indicator at the potential level; R a is the risk value of item a; b is the number of indicators at the potential level.

[0092] S302: Perform weighted summation of each evaluation indicator at the connectivity level according to the combined weight value of each evaluation indicator to obtain a connectivity risk value of the study area.

[0093] The calculation method of connectivity risk value is:

[0094]

[0095] Where CR is the connectivity risk value; ω c is the combined weight value of the cth indicator at the potential level; R c is the risk value of item c; d is the number of indicators at the connectivity level.

[0096] S303: performing weighted summation of the evaluation indicators at the resilience level according to the combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators to obtain the resilience risk value of the study area.

[0097] The calculation method of resilience risk value is:

[0098]

[0099] Where RR is the resilience risk value; f is the combined weight value of the fth indicator at the resilience level; R f is the risk value of item f; g is the number of indicators at the resilience level.

[0100] S304: weighted sum of the potential risk value, connectivity risk value and resilience risk value is performed according to the preset risk weight value to obtain a comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area.

[0101] The calculation method of comprehensive ecological risk is:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, ER is the comprehensive ecological risk value; PR is the potential risk value; CR is the connectivity risk value; RR is the resilience risk value, and the preset risk weight value is 1 / 3.

[0104] In the embodiment of the present invention, the three dimensions of potential, connectivity, and resilience are evaluated from different aspects of the ecosystem, which can provide a comprehensive ecological risk assessment. Potential assessment focuses on the productivity and resource reserves of the ecosystem, connectivity assesses the connectivity inside and outside the ecosystem, and resilience assesses the ability of the ecosystem to recover after being disturbed, and evaluates the health status and risks of the ecosystem from multiple perspectives. Through the evaluation of potential, connectivity, and resilience, key factors affecting the health of the ecosystem can be identified, which will help promote the sustainable development of the ecosystem, more accurately identify high-risk areas and ecological functional areas that need to be protected, and thus formulate more effective management and protection strategies.

[0105] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments, the method for ecological risk assessment in arid areas may further include: drawing various ecological risk distribution maps of the study area based on the potential risk value, connectivity risk value, resilience risk value and comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area.

[0106] Specifically, in the three-life spatial land class map, the natural breakpoint method in ArcGIS software is used to divide it into five categories: high risk value, higher risk value, medium risk value, lower risk value and low risk value, and finally an ecological risk distribution map based on PLES is generated.

[0107] Furthermore, we can also cut out the areas corresponding to production, living and ecological space in various ecological risk distribution maps, and finally obtain the average values ​​of various ecological risk values ​​from the perspective of PLES, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0108] The above method provided by the embodiment of the present invention takes into account a wide range of risk sources from a multidimensional framework, greatly increases the accuracy of ecological risk assessment, and can effectively identify whether the factors causing the change in ecological risk in the study area are related to the transformation of the three-life space. Through the analysis results, effective land ecological risk control policies can also be formulated for the characteristics of different ecological risk areas, which will help reduce land ecological risks and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the local three-life space system.

[0109] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an arid zone ecological risk assessment system 600 shown as an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the system includes:

[0110] The data preprocessing module 601 is used to collect historical land use data of the research area, and divide the research area into three life spaces: production, ecology and life according to the historical land use data;

[0111] An evaluation index selection module 602 is used to select evaluation indexes for ecological risk assessment, normalize the evaluation indexes, and determine the combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indexes;

[0112] An evaluation model construction module 603 is used to construct a potential-connectivity-resilience-based ecological risk three-dimensional evaluation model based on evaluation indicators;

[0113] The ecological risk assessment module 604 is used to conduct ecological risk assessment on the three-dimensional space of the study area according to the ecological risk three-dimensional assessment model to obtain various risk values ​​and comprehensive ecological risk values ​​of the study area.

[0114] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the arid zone ecological risk assessment method provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0115] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the arid zone ecological risk assessment method provided in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0116] The embodiment of the present invention starts from the perspective of the three-life space, combines the local characteristics of the arid area, selects multiple indicators to construct a three-dimensional model of ecological risk assessment, and conducts ecological risk research in arid areas, so as to enrich the ecological risk research cases in arid areas with fragile ecological environment and serious degradation, and provide a reference for the optimization of the spatial pattern of arid areas and the reduction of ecological risks, so as to achieve coordinated development of the region.

[0117] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0118] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0119] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0120] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0121] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0122] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing ecological risks in arid areas, characterized in that: include: Collect historical land use data of the study area, and divide the study area into three life spaces: production, ecology and life according to the historical land use data; Selecting evaluation indicators for ecological risk assessment, normalizing the evaluation indicators, and determining combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators; Based on the evaluation indicators, a three-dimensional ecological risk evaluation model based on potential, connectivity and resilience was constructed; According to the three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model, an ecological risk assessment is conducted on the three-life space of the study area to obtain various risk values ​​and a comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The evaluation indicators selected for ecological risk assessment include: According to the exposure and interference effects of risk sources, an indicator system of exposure and interference of potential, exposure and interference of connectivity, and exposure and interference of resilience is established.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The exposure indicators of the potential include: slope, vegetation cover and land use risk; the interference indicators of the potential include: annual average temperature, water yield and population density; The exposure indicators of connectivity include: density index, patch density, Shannon diversity index and spread index; the interference indicators of connectivity include: distance to construction land, distance to cultivated land and road network density; The exposure indicators of resilience include: ecosystem elasticity index, habitat quality index and ecosystem service value index; the interference indicators of resilience include: drought risk.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Determining the combined weight value of the evaluation index includes: Determine the first weight value of each evaluation index based on the entropy weight method; Determine the second weight value of each evaluation index based on the hierarchical analysis method; The combined weight value of each evaluation index is determined according to the first weight value and the second weight value.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model is used to conduct an ecological risk assessment on the three-dimensional ecological space of the study area to obtain various risk values ​​and a comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area, including: According to the combined weight value of each evaluation index, weighted sum is performed on each evaluation index at the potential level to obtain the potential risk value of the study area; According to the combined weight value of each evaluation index, weighted sum is performed on each evaluation index at the connectivity level to obtain the connectivity risk value of the study area; According to the combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators, the various evaluation indicators at the resilience level are weighted and summed to obtain the resilience risk value of the study area; The potential risk value, connectivity risk value and resilience risk value are weighted and summed according to the preset risk weight value to obtain the comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The potential risk value, connectivity risk value and resilience risk value are weighted and summed according to the preset risk weight value to obtain a comprehensive ecological risk value, and the formula is as follows: In the formula, ER is the comprehensive ecological risk value, PR is the potential risk value, CR is the connectivity risk value, RR is the resilience risk value, and the preset risk weight value is 1 / 3.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Also includes: Draw various ecological risk distribution maps of the study area based on the potential risk value, connectivity risk value, resilience risk value and comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area; The areas corresponding to production, living and ecological space are cut out from the various ecological risk distribution maps, and finally the average values ​​of various ecological risk values ​​from the perspective of PLES are obtained.

8. An arid area ecological risk assessment system, characterized in that: For implementing the arid zone ecological risk assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the system comprises: A data preprocessing module is used to collect historical land use data of the study area, and divide the study area into three life spaces: production, ecology and life according to the historical land use data; An evaluation index selection module is used to select evaluation indicators for ecological risk assessment, normalize the evaluation indicators, and determine the combined weight values ​​of the evaluation indicators; An evaluation model construction module, used to construct a three-dimensional ecological risk evaluation model based on potential-connectivity-resilience based on the evaluation indicators; The ecological risk assessment module is used to conduct ecological risk assessment on the three-dimensional space of the study area according to the three-dimensional ecological risk assessment model to obtain various risk values ​​and a comprehensive ecological risk value of the study area.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the arid zone ecological risk assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the arid zone ecological risk assessment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program.

Images