Weakly cemented rock mass cultural relic reinforcing grouting material, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics, its preparation method, and its application. It relates to the field of restoration and reinforcement of earthen archaeological sites. The grouting material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-150 parts water, 31-71 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts aluminoferrite cement, 19-39 parts composite filler, 2-7 parts micro-expansion agent, 0.5-1.5 parts anti-underwater dispersant, and 0.3-0.5 parts water-reducing agent. This material can improve the compatibility between the grouting material and the weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics; reduce the risk of damage to the rock and soil site caused by the grouting material's own load; and improve its physical and mechanical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of restoration and reinforcement of earthen archaeological sites, specifically to a grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Due to natural weathering and erosion, natural disasters, and human disturbance, many earthen sites are no longer intact, and their remaining structures suffer from various defects, such as cracks, loss of cement, and peeling. Without appropriate remedial measures, these sites will gradually disappear under the influence of erosion. Therefore, in order to preserve their historical and artistic value and protect these cultural heritages from further erosion, reinforcement is necessary.

[0003] Grouting is one of the most effective methods to improve the stability of rock and soil, and it has been applied in the field of site restoration and reinforcement. However, the reinforcement and restoration of site artifacts differs from conventional grouting projects, as it cannot significantly alter the appearance and morphological characteristics of the original soil at the site.

[0004] Therefore, high requirements are placed on grouting materials, a crucial factor. However, current grouting materials for reinforcing earthen archaeological sites still have many problems, such as poor compatibility between the grouting material and the archaeological soil, which to some extent damages the original appearance of the archaeological soil, and the inability of the grouting material to meet the requirements for restoration and reinforcement in terms of workability, mechanical properties, and durability. In summary, given the shortcomings of existing grouting materials for archaeological site reinforcement, there is an urgent need for a grouting material with good workability, durability, and compatibility with the original soil to reinforce weakly cemented rock and soil archaeological sites. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil.

[0007] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of the material obtained by the above preparation method in the reinforcement grouting of cultural relics in rock and soil.

[0008] The present invention provides a grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics, its preparation method, and its application, thereby improving the compatibility between the grouting material and the original rock and soil, and enhancing the durability, workability, and mechanical properties of the material.

[0009] Based on the above-mentioned invention objectives, a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-150 parts water, 31-71 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts aluminoferrite cement, 19-39 parts composite filler, 2-7 parts micro-expansion agent, 0.5-1.5 parts anti-underwater dispersant, and 0.3-0.5 parts water-reducing agent.

[0010] One method for preparing a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil includes the following steps:

[0011] Dilute the underwater dispersant and set aside.

[0012] Water, silicate cement, aluminoferrite cement, composite filler, expansion agent, anti-underwater dispersing agent, and water-reducing agent are poured into the mixing pot in sequence and stirred.

[0013] The diluted underwater dispersant was poured into a mixing pot and stirred evenly to obtain a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil.

[0014] This invention uses an appropriate proportion of aluminoferrite cement to replace part of silicate cement. This allows the reddish-brown ferro-calcite formed after the hydration of aluminoferrite cement to reduce the appearance difference between the grouting material and the original soil. Furthermore, aluminoferrite cement accelerates the curing speed of the grouting material, improves early strength, and compensates for the shrinkage of ordinary silicate cement. Simultaneously, the production raw materials for aluminoferrite cement partially replace Al2O3 with Fe2O3, reducing bauxite consumption, production costs, and CO2 emissions. Therefore, by adding aluminoferrite cement, not only are appearance differences minimized and performance enhanced, but it also features energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0015] Furthermore, the underwater dispersant includes deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether. The weight ratio of deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether is 100-120:40-60:8-20:0.8-1.0:0.5-1.0:2-6.

[0016] The preparation method of the anti-underwater dispersant includes the following steps:

[0017] Ethylenediamine, xanthate, and deionized water were poured into a reaction vessel and stirred. The pH of the solution in the reaction vessel was adjusted to 8-10.

[0018] Nitrogen gas was introduced into the reactor at a constant temperature of 15℃-20℃. Benzoyl peroxide and sodium lauryl sulfate were added sequentially under the nitrogen atmosphere and stirred to obtain a polyethylene glycol diamine-xanthate copolymer.

[0019] Hydroxyethyl cellulose ether was added to the polyethylene glycol-xanthate copolymer in the reactor and stirred to obtain an anti-underwater dispersant.

[0020] Benzoyl peroxide in the anti-underwater dispersant can accelerate the polymerization reaction of ethylenediamine and xanthate, introducing a large number of amino groups; sodium lauryl sulfate, a surfactant, breaks the hydrogen bonds in hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, releasing a large number of free hydroxyl groups, which promote their combination with the copolymer of ethylenediamine and xanthate to form a network structure. This network structure can form a hydrogel with water, giving the grouting material water retention and anti-underwater dispersion effects.

[0021] When used in dry or low-humidity environments, the hydrogen atoms in water molecules have a strong affinity for the oxygen atoms in the aluminosilicate minerals, resulting in a potential water loss effect. The network structure in the underwater dispersant forms a hydrogel with the water molecules, thus preventing water molecules from detaching. When used in water-rich or high-humidity environments, the hydrophobic groups in the polymer prevent the external water from dispersing the grouting material by repelling water molecules.

[0022] The anti-underwater dispersant of the present invention is well applicable in dry or low-humidity sites, as well as in high-humidity or water-rich environments.

[0023] Furthermore, the composite filler includes ultrafine mineral powder, formation soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres, silica fume, and water. The weight ratio of ultrafine mineral powder, formation soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres, and silica fume is 10-20:1-5:3-5:2-3:3-6.

[0024] The preparation method of the composite filler includes the following steps:

[0025] Ultrafine mineral powder, stratum soil, diatomaceous earth, and silica fume are added to a ball mill in sequence. For each new material added, the mixture is first slowly stirred for 30-40 seconds and then quickly stirred for 15-20 seconds to obtain a dry mixture. Among them, stratum soil and diatomaceous earth are used to improve the compatibility of the grouting material with the original soil, while mineral powder and silica fume serve to fill and increase the cementitious material.

[0026] Water was sprayed into the dry mixture in three stages. After each addition of water, the mixture was wet-ground for 5-10 minutes. The surface tension was used to allow the soil, diatomite, and silica fume to fully adhere to the surface of other powders, and the soil particles were further ground.

[0027] Start the resistance heating device attached to the ball mill, stir slowly until the mixture is completely dry, and then stir and grind quickly for 10-20 minutes to obtain the mixture;

[0028] The mixture is transferred into a drum mixer, and hollow glass microspheres are added and mixed for 5-10 minutes to improve the workability of the slurry, thus obtaining a composite filler.

[0029] Among them, the stratum soil is taken from the area near the original site and is similar in composition to the original soil, thereby improving the compatibility between the grouting material and the site; diatomaceous earth is a sedimentary rock characterized by siliceous organisms, which further improves the compatibility between the grouting material and the weakly cemented rock and soil artifacts in terms of composition, and reduces the self-weight of the grouting material by utilizing its lightweight properties, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the rock and soil site caused by the load of the grouting material itself; hollow glass microspheres have similar weight-reduction properties to diatomaceous earth and can also reduce the loss of fluidity of the grouting material caused by the introduction of stratum soil and diatomaceous earth; ultrafine mineral powder and silica fume are used to increase the amount of hydration products and improve physical and mechanical properties.

[0030] The composite filler of the present invention improves the compatibility between the grouting material and the undisturbed rock and soil in terms of composition, without significantly affecting the workability of the grouting material.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] This invention relates to a grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics, its preparation method, and its application. This invention uses aluminoferrite cement to replace part of ordinary silicate cement, which can reduce the appearance difference between the grouting material and the original soil; improve the early strength of cement and compensate for the shrinkage of silicate cement; and also has the characteristics of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0033] The composite filler of the present invention can further improve the compatibility between grouting materials and weakly cemented rock and soil artifacts; reduce the risk of damage to rock and soil sites caused by the load of the grouting materials themselves; and improve physical and mechanical properties.

[0034] The anti-underwater dispersion agent of the present invention enables grouting materials to have water retention and anti-underwater dispersion effects, and has good applicability in dry or low humidity sites as well as in high humidity or water-rich environments. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 XRD pattern of the grouting material aggregate;

[0037] Figure 2 SEM image of the grouting material-containing stone body; Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, this does not limit the invention to the scope of the embodiments described. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions were performed according to conventional methods and conditions, or as selected according to the product instructions.

[0039] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A method for preparing a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Prepare composite filler, micro-expansion agent and anti-underwater dispersant;

[0043] Step 1.1, the preparation method of the composite filler includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1.11: Weigh out ultrafine mineral powder, stratum soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres, and silica fume in a weight ratio of 10-20:1-5:3-5:2-3:3-6. Add the ultrafine mineral powder, stratum soil, diatomaceous earth, and silica fume into a ball mill in sequence. After adding each raw material, stir slowly for 30-40 seconds and then stir quickly for 15-20 seconds to obtain a dry mixture. Among them, stratum soil and diatomaceous earth are used to improve the compatibility of grouting material with the original soil, while mineral powder and silica fume serve as fillers and increase the cementitious material.

[0045] Step 1.12: Water is sprayed into the dry mixture in three stages. After each addition of water, wet grinding is performed for 5-10 minutes. Surface tension is used to ensure that the formation soil, diatomaceous earth, and silica fume fully adhere to the surface of other powders, and the formation soil particles are further ground. The weight ratio of water to the above components is 1:10. The above components are solid raw materials composed of ultrafine mineral powder, formation soil, diatomaceous earth, and silica fume.

[0046] Step 1.13: Start the resistance heating device attached to the ball mill, stir slowly until the mixture is completely dry, and then stir and grind quickly for 10-20 minutes to obtain the mixture;

[0047] Step 1.14: Transfer the mixture into a drum mixer, add hollow glass microspheres and mix for 5-10 minutes to improve the workability of the slurry, and obtain the composite filler.

[0048] Step 1.2, the preparation method of the anti-underwater dispersant includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1.21: Weigh out deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether in a weight ratio of 100-120:40-60:8-20:0.8-1.0:0.5-1.0:2-6.

[0050] Step 1.22: Pour ethylenediamine, xanthate and deionized water into the reaction vessel in the weight ratio and stir for 30s-60s to adjust the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel to 8-10.

[0051] Step 1.23: Nitrogen gas is introduced into the reactor under a constant temperature environment of 15℃-20℃. Benzoyl peroxide and sodium lauryl sulfate are added sequentially under the nitrogen atmosphere and stirred to obtain polyethylene diamine-xanthate copolymer.

[0052] Step 1.24: Add hydroxyethyl cellulose ether to the polyethylene glycol-xanthate copolymer in the reactor and stir to obtain an anti-underwater dispersant.

[0053] Step 1.3, the preparation method of the micro-expansion agent includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1.31: Weigh out pumice powder, coral stone, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and ultrafine calcium sulfoaluminate in a weight ratio of 42-48:14-26:32-38:0.12-0.35.

[0055] Step 1.32: Pumice powder, coral stone, and flue gas desulfurization gypsum are crushed using a crusher and then ground in a ball mill for 20-30 minutes to obtain the first mixture;

[0056] Step 1.33: Add ultrafine calcium sulfoaluminate to the first mixture in step 1.32 and disperse it for 10-20 minutes using a resonance mixer to obtain the second mixture. The purpose of introducing ultrafine calcium sulfoaluminate is to promote the formation of calcium sulfoaluminate by utilizing its nucleation effect during the calcination process in step 1.34.

[0057] Step 1.34: Calcine the second mixture obtained in step 1.33 to 980℃-1170℃ and hold for 45min-90min to obtain the calcined product;

[0058] Step 1.35: Grind the calcined product for 10-30 minutes to obtain the micro-expansion agent.

[0059] Step 2: Dilute the underwater dispersant and set it aside for later use;

[0060] Step 3, weigh the following components in parts by weight: 50-150 parts water, 31-71 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts aluminoferrite cement, 19-39 parts composite filler, 2-7 parts micro-expansion agent, 0.5-1.5 parts anti-underwater dispersant and 0.3-0.5 parts water-reducing agent.

[0061] Step 31: Add water, silicate cement, aluminoferrite cement, composite filler, expansion agent, anti-underwater dispersing agent, and water-reducing agent into the mixing pot in sequence and stir.

[0062] Step 32: Pour the diluted underwater dispersant into a mixing pot and stir evenly to obtain the grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics.

[0063] The water-reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Based on the above embodiments,

[0066] In step 1.1, the ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres and silica fume of the composite filler are weighed in a weight ratio of 10:1:3:2:3; the weight ratio of water and the solid raw materials composed of ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth and silica fume is 1:10.

[0067] In step 1.2, the weight ratio of deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether in the anti-underwater dispersant is 100:40:8:0.8:0.5:2.

[0068] In step 1.3, the pumice powder, coral stone, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and ultrafine calcium sulfoaluminate in the micro-expansion agent are weighed in a weight ratio of 42:14:32:0.12.

[0069] In step 3, weigh the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts water, 71 parts silicate cement, 10 parts aluminoferrite cement, 19 parts composite filler, 2 parts micro-expansion agent, 0.5 parts anti-underwater dispersant, and 0.3 parts naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Based on the above embodiments,

[0072] In step 1.1, the weight ratio of the composite filler, ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres, and silica fume is 12:2:4:3:4; the weight ratio of water and the solid raw materials composed of ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth, and silica fume is 1:10.

[0073] In step 1.2, deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether are weighed in a weight ratio of 105:44:10:0.8:0.6:3 to form the underwater dispersant.

[0074] In step 1.3, pumice powder, coral stone, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and ultrafine calcium sulfoaluminate are weighed in a weight ratio of 43:16:35:0.16 to form the micro-expansion agent.

[0075] In step 3, weigh the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of silicate cement, 31 parts of aluminoferrite cement, 30 parts of composite filler, 39 parts of micro-expansion agent, 7 parts of anti-underwater dispersant, 1.5 parts of naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] Based on Example 1, the underwater dispersant in step 1.2 of this example is at least one of hydroxyethyl methylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] Based on Example 1, this example does not include an underwater dispersant; the following components are weighed in the following weight ratios: 50-150 parts water, 31-71 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts aluminoferrite cement, 19-39 parts composite filler, 2-7 parts micro-expansion agent and 0.3-0.5 parts water-reducing agent.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] Based on Example 1, in step 1.2, deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether were weighed in a weight ratio of 80:69:35:0.2:10:20 for the anti-underwater dispersant. The weight proportions of the anti-underwater dispersant components in this example are different from those in the anti-underwater dispersant of this invention.

[0082] Example 7

[0083] Based on Example 1, the composite filler in this example comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts talc powder, 5 parts perlite, and 4 parts stratum soil. The preparation method of the composite filler is the same as that in Example 1.

[0084] Example 8

[0085] Based on Example 1, in step 1.11, the ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres and silica fume in the composite filler are weighed in a weight ratio of 5:8:6:1:10. The weight ratio of the components of the composite filler in this example is different from the weight ratio of the components of the composite filler of the present invention.

[0086] Example 9

[0087] The grouting materials prepared in Examples 2-8 were tested for workability and mechanical properties. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] The flowability test is as follows: (1) Place the glass plate in a horizontal position and wipe the glass plate and the conical mold with a damp cloth to make the surface wet but without water stains. Place the conical mold in the center of the glass plate and cover it with a damp cloth for later use; (2) Quickly pour the mixed slurry into the conical mold and smooth it with a scraper; (3) Lift the conical mold vertically and start the stopwatch at the same time. Let the slurry flow on the glass plate for 30 seconds. Use a ruler to measure the maximum diameter of the two perpendicular directions of the flowing part and take the average value as the flowability of the slurry; (4) Repeat the above steps and measure again.

[0089] Water separation rate test: Take 1000mL of well-stirred grouting material, pour the grouting material into a graduated glass cylinder, then cover it with a glass plate, let it stand for 2 hours, and record the volume of the supernatant. Calculate its percentage to the total volume to obtain the water separation rate.

[0090] Compressive strength test: The specimens were molded using a 40×40×40mm mold, cured under standard curing conditions for 1 day, demolded, and then cured under standard conditions for 3 days and 7 days. The specimens were then uniformly loaded at a rate of 50N / s±10N / s using a pressure testing machine until failure. The test results were taken as the average value of 6 specimens.

[0091] Softening coefficient test: The ratio of the compressive strength of the grouting material in the water-saturated state to its compressive strength in the dry state. Initial setting time and final setting time test: Prepare a mold of the grouting material. From the time water is added until the setting time, the initial setting time is defined as the time it takes for the test needle of the measuring instrument to sink into the neat grout to a distance of 4mm ± 1mm ​​from the bottom plate. Continue observation thereafter, and the final setting time is defined as the time it takes for the test needle to sink into the neat grout to a distance of no more than 0.5mm.

[0092] Expansion rate test: The length of the initial specimen and the length of the specimen after 28 days of age were measured using a length comparator. Expansion rate = (length of specimen after 28 days of age – length of initial specimen) / length of initial specimen.

[0093] Table 1

[0094]

[0095] As shown in Table 1, the grouting materials prepared in Examples 2 and 3 are within the scope of protection of this invention. The softening coefficient of the grouting materials prepared in Examples 2 and 3 is greater than 0.85, indicating good water resistance, making them suitable for important buildings or structures that are submerged in water or in humid environments for extended periods. Example 4 uses at least one of hydroxyethyl methylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as its anti-underwater dispersant. The composition and preparation method of the anti-underwater dispersant in Example 4 differ from those of the anti-underwater dispersant in this invention. Example 5 does not include the anti-underwater dispersant, unlike Example 2. The softening coefficients of Examples 4 and 5 are less than 0.70. Therefore, the grouting materials of Examples 4 and 5 have poor water resistance and may not guarantee the strength and stability of buildings or structures when used in humid or water-containing environments.

[0096] The grouting materials prepared in Examples 2 and 3 exhibit good compressive strength. Furthermore, their long setting times meet the requirements for repair and reinforcement. Example 4 shows satisfactory strength, but its short setting time hinders practical application. Example 5 demonstrates good fluidity, but its excessive water separation rate severely impacts the reinforcement effect. Examples 6, 7, and 8 exhibit low fluidity, significantly affecting workability during construction, and their water separation rates all exceed 5%, classifying them as unstable grouts.

[0097] Example 10

[0098] Under different grouting pressures, the grouting material can be effectively injected into the loose soil, indicating that the grouting material of the present invention has good workability. On the other hand, the grouting soil is not significantly different in appearance from the original soil, which is in line with the principle of not significantly changing the appearance of the original site soil in cultural relic protection. The grouting material of the present invention has good compatibility with the original soil.

[0099] The XRD pattern of the grouting material stone obtained in Example 2 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the SEM image of the grouting material stone body prepared in Example 2 is as follows. Figure 2 As shown, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that after the grouting material is cured, the CSH gel plays the main cementing role, thereby consolidating the loose soil to a relatively stable state; Aft is an expansive crystal that can fill the gel pores of the grouting material, playing a role in reinforcement and erosion resistance.

[0100] The above description is merely some specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil, characterized in that, The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 50-150 parts water, 31-71 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts aluminoferrite cement, 19-39 parts composite filler, 2-7 parts micro-expansion agent, 0.5-1.5 parts anti-underwater dispersant, and 0.3-0.5 parts water-reducing agent. The anti-underwater dispersant includes deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether. The weight ratio of deionized water, ethylenediamine, xanthate, benzoyl peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether is 100-120:40-60:8-20:0.8-1.0:0.5-1.0:2-6. The preparation method of the anti-underwater dispersant includes the following steps: Ethylenediamine, xanthate, and deionized water were poured into a reaction vessel and stirred to adjust the solution in the reaction vessel to alkaline. Benzoyl peroxide and sodium lauryl sulfate were added sequentially to the reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere and stirred to obtain a polyethylene diamine-xanthate copolymer. Hydroxyethyl cellulose ether was added to the polyethylene glycol-xanthate copolymer in the reactor and stirred to obtain an anti-underwater dispersant.

2. The grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite filler includes ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres, silica fume, and water.

3. The grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The weight ratio of ultrafine mineral powder, soil, diatomaceous earth, hollow glass microspheres, and silica fume is 10-20:1-5:3-5:2-3:3-6.

4. A method for preparing a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil, characterized in that, The grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics as described in any one of claims 1-3 is prepared by the following steps: Dilute the underwater dispersant and set aside. Water, silicate cement, aluminoferrite cement, composite filler, expansion agent, anti-underwater dispersing agent, and water-reducing agent are poured into the mixing pot in sequence and stirred. The diluted underwater dispersant was poured into a mixing pot and stirred evenly to obtain a grouting material for reinforcing cultural relics in weakly cemented rock and soil.

5. The preparation method of a grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics according to claim 4, characterized in that, Adjust the pH of the solution in the reactor to 8-10.

6. The preparation method of a grouting material for reinforcing weakly cemented rock and soil cultural relics according to claim 4, characterized in that, Nitrogen gas is introduced into the reactor at a constant temperature of 15℃-20℃, and benzoyl peroxide and sodium lauryl sulfate are added sequentially under the nitrogen atmosphere.

7. The application of the material prepared by any one of the preparation methods according to claims 4-6 in the reinforcement grouting of cultural relics in rock and soil.

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