Solar cell grid structure, solar cell and electronic product

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell grid structure, a solar cell and an electronic product. A solar cell grid structure includes one or more PV grid lines. The PV grid lines surround to form a PV grid pattern. The PV grid pattern is a random pattern and is used for avoiding moire patterns. According to the solar cell grid structure, the arrangement type of the solar cell grids in the visible area is changed from a regular pattern to a random pattern, and when the solar cell grid structure is arranged above the display surface of the display of the electronic product, the display surface of the display can be changed into the random pattern. The positions of the intersection points formed by the PV grid pattern and the pixel pitch of the display become irregular, so that the moire is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cell products, and in particular to a solar cell grid structure, a solar cell and an electronic product. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of electronic technology, people have put forward higher and higher requirements on the endurance of various portable electronic products and the power supply emergency plan in the event of an emergency or emergency. At present, the only way to solve this problem is to configure an additional solar cell for various electronic devices. Usually, when solar cell wearable electronic products are equipped with external solar cells, the solar cell device will be set on the upper surface of the display. The design of the solar cell is similar to that of the display, and also includes a VA (View Area) area and a non-VA area. Among them, the non-VA area is set in the non-VA area of ​​the display, and the VA area basically overlaps with the VA area of ​​the display, so as not to affect the normal display of the display below. Taking the design of smart watch modules as an example, in order to achieve a clear display effect, a display with a larger display area is generally selected as much as possible, and an external solar cell design scheme with no pattern set in the VA area is matched. However, due to the need to control the size of the watch, the area of ​​the non-VA area of ​​the display will be made relatively small. In general, the photovoltaic area of ​​the solar cell is set in the non-VA area of ​​the display as much as possible, which leads to the limitation of the PV (Photovoltaic, solar photovoltaic) area of ​​the solar cell. In fact, the output power of any type of solar cell is proportional to the effective PV area of ​​the solar cell. Therefore, under the limitation of the above design concept, if you want to further improve the output power of solar cells, you can only set up a photovoltaic structure of a certain area in the area where the solar cell overlaps the VA area of ​​the display. However, the PV grid in the VA area is opaque, and is basically designed in a regular strip or regular grid shape, and the pixels of different types of displays set below are also arranged in a regular shape array, and opaque wiring is arranged between adjacent pixels. The overlap of these two regular shapes in space leads to interference when the light emitted by the display below is easily formed into moiré interference fringes, which affects the display effect of the display. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell grid structure that can effectively avoid the problem of moiré patterns that are easily generated when the solar cell is arranged above the display surface of the electronic product display.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell grid structure, comprising:

[0006] One or more PV grid lines, the PV grid lines surrounding to form a PV grid pattern;

[0007] The PV grid pattern is a random pattern to avoid moiré patterns.

[0008] In one embodiment, the random pattern comprises:

[0009] The PV grid lines surround to form a plurality of polygonal structures;

[0010] The plurality of polygonal structures together form the random pattern;

[0011] The side lengths of any polygonal structure and its adjacent polygonal structure are different, or the inner angles of any polygonal structure and its adjacent polygonal structure are not equal.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, in any of the polygonal structures, the longest side length is set in the range of 45 μm to 500 μm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plurality of polygonal structures are connected end to end without any breakpoints;

[0014] And / or, the plurality of polygonal structures are partially disconnected, but there is at least one conductive path connecting two adjacent polygonal structures.

[0015] In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure further comprises:

[0016] Ring PV structure;

[0017] The annular PV structure is disposed around the PV grid pattern;

[0018] The polygonal structure is connected to the annular PV structure in different directions to conduct the collected electrical energy to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the annular PV structure.

[0019] In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure further comprises:

[0020] Physically segmented areas;

[0021] The physical segmentation area is used to segment the annular PV structure and the PV grid pattern into a plurality of blocks;

[0022] The annular PV structure and the PV grid pattern within the block form a solar cell;

[0023] Any solar cell is electrically connected to an adjacent solar cell in series.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, the physical segmentation area includes a plurality of breakpoints, and the breakpoints are used to separate the PV grid patterns of two adjacent blocks;

[0025] The multiple breakpoints are not on the same straight line.

[0026] In one embodiment, the distance between any breakpoint and its adjacent breakpoints is different, and the minimum distance between adjacent breakpoints is greater than or equal to 5 μm.

[0027] In one embodiment, the random pattern includes at least one continuous filamentary PV grid line; the pattern of the filamentary PV grid line is described as: a trajectory formed by points randomly moving in different directions on a plane; when the filamentary PV grid lines have intersections, the tangent directions of different curves at the intersections are different.

[0028] In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure further comprises:

[0029] Ring PV structure;

[0030] The annular PV structure is disposed around the PV grid pattern;

[0031] The filamentary PV grid lines are connected to the annular PV structure in different directions to conduct the collected electrical energy to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the annular PV structure.

[0032] In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure further comprises:

[0033] Physically segmented areas;

[0034] The physical segmentation area is used to segment the annular PV structure and the PV grid pattern into a plurality of blocks;

[0035] The filigree PV grid lines within any block are electrically connected to the annular PV structures within that block.

[0036] In one embodiment, the boundary line of the physically divided area is a curve.

[0037] In one embodiment, the minimum spacing between PV grid patterns of two adjacent blocks is greater than or equal to 5 μm.

[0038] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell, comprising the solar cell grid structure described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0039] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic product, including a display and the solar cell described in the above embodiment, wherein the solar cell is arranged above the display surface of the display.

[0040] In one of the embodiments, in the solar cell, the line width of the PV grid lines of the solar cell grid structure is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 10 of the sub-pixel width of the display.

[0041] In one embodiment, the line width of the PV grid lines ranges from 2 μm to 15 μm.

[0042] In one of the embodiments, in the solar cell, the total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern accounts for between 5% and 30% of the total area of ​​the visible area of ​​the display.

[0043] In one of the embodiments, the total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern accounts for between 10% and 20% of the total area of ​​the visible area of ​​the display.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0045] In the above solar cell grid structure, by changing the layout of the solar cell grid in the visible area from a regular pattern to a random pattern, when the solar cell grid structure is set on the upper surface of the display of an electronic product, the intersection position formed by the PV grid pattern and the pixel spacing of the display will become irregular, thereby avoiding the generation of moiré patterns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is the principle diagram of the generation of moiré patterns;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a solar cell grid structure provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a solar cell grid structure having physically divided regions;

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the breakpoint positions of the physical segmentation areas in FIG.

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a solar cell grid structure provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a solar cell grid structure with physically divided areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0053] From a visual perspective, moiré fringes are the visual result of interference between two lines or two objects at a constant angle and frequency. When the human eye cannot distinguish between the two lines or two objects, only the interference pattern can be seen. This optical phenomenon is moiré fringes. Figure 1 To further illustrate, a group of stripes with a spacing of a and a group of stripes with a spacing of b are fitted at an angle of θ, which will produce a series of intersections. If the distance between these intersections is short, the human eye cannot distinguish them. Connecting these regularly arranged points will form relatively obvious moiré fringes. By connecting the intersections in different directions, the calculation formula for the width of moiré fringes in different directions can be obtained, where n is a natural integer.

[0054] W=a*b / [(na) 2 +b 2 +2nabcosθ] 1 / 2 ;

[0055] Here, the interval area of ​​the display sub-pixel in the X direction or Y direction can be regarded as a, and the spacing of the regularly arranged PV grid can be regarded as b. Generally, the width of a pixel of a color display such as LCD or OLED (including R, G, B three-color sub-pixels) is about 100-150μm, of which the single design width of R / G / B sub-pixels is generally 30-50μm, and the spacing between adjacent sub-pixels is generally 3-5μm. Conventionally designed PV grids are regularly arranged stripes or patterns, and the design spacing of PV grids is generally 100-300μm. After the solar cell is attached to the display, the intersection formed by the PV grid and the pixel spacing of the display is regularly arranged, so the "moiré" phenomenon will definitely occur. According to the three necessary conditions for light interference: ① The two light waves have the same vibration frequency; ② The two light waves have a fixed phase difference at the meeting point; ③ The two light waves have the same vibration direction at the meeting point. Only when the above three conditions are met at the same time can a stable interference phenomenon occur. Analyze the three necessary conditions for light interference. Since ① and ③ are inherent characteristics of the display and cannot be changed, if the fixed phase difference between the two light waves in the PV grid area (i.e. the intersection position of the upper and lower grid layers) can be changed so that the intersection position becomes irregular, then this problem can be solved.

[0056] To improve this problem, the present invention provides a new PV grid design form, which changes the layout type of the PV grid in the VA area from a "regular pattern" to a "random pattern".

[0057] See also Figure 2One embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell grid structure 100. The solar cell grid structure 100 includes:

[0058] One or more PV grids 110 . The PV grids 110 surround to form a PV grid pattern 120 .

[0059] The PV grid pattern 120 is a random pattern to avoid moiré patterns.

[0060] In the above solar cell grid structure 100, by changing the layout of the solar cell grid in the visible area from a regular pattern to a random pattern, when the solar cell grid structure is set on the upper surface of the display of an electronic product, the intersection position formed by the PV grid pattern 120 and the pixel spacing of the display will become irregular, thereby avoiding the generation of moiré patterns.

[0061] In one embodiment, the random pattern comprises:

[0062] The PV grid lines 110 surround to form a plurality of polygonal structures;

[0063] The plurality of polygonal structures together form the random pattern;

[0064] The side lengths of any polygonal structure and its adjacent polygonal structure are different, or the inner angles of any polygonal structure and its adjacent polygonal structure are not equal.

[0065] In this embodiment, the PV grid lines 110 surround to form a plurality of polygonal structures, and the plurality of polygonal structures together form the random pattern. Since the side lengths of any polygonal structure and the adjacent polygonal structure are different, or the inner angles of any polygonal structure and the adjacent polygonal structure are not equal, the grid lines 110 can effectively form a random pattern, so that the intersection position formed by the electrode grid pattern 120 and the display pixel pitch will become irregular, so as to avoid the generation of moiré. In one embodiment, each polygon shares its side length with the adjacent polygon.

[0066] In one of the embodiments, in any of the polygonal structures, the longest side length is set in the range of 45 μm to 500 μm.

[0067] In this embodiment, the longest side length of any polygonal structure is set to between 45 μm and 500 μm, the purpose of which is to reduce the impact of the PV pattern on the display effect. When the longest side length of any polygonal structure is set to between 45 μm and 500 μm, the longest side length of any polygon is not less than 1.5 times the width of the display sub-pixel. The purpose of setting this length is that after the clusters of PV grids become randomly arranged, part of the PV grids will block a small part of the effective area of ​​the display pixel. In order to minimize this impact, the side length size of the polygon is limited as above.

[0068] In one embodiment, the plurality of polygonal structures are connected end to end without any breakpoints;

[0069] And / or, the plurality of polygonal structures are partially disconnected, but there is at least one conductive path connecting two adjacent polygonal structures.

[0070] In this embodiment, the multiple polygonal structures are arranged to be connected end to end without any breakpoints. At this time, the electric energy generated by the visible area of ​​the solar cell can be effectively conducted to the positive or negative electrode of the solar cell. As required, the multiple polygonal structures can also be partially disconnected, but there is at least one conductive path connecting two adjacent polygonal structures together. At this time, the electric energy collected by the discontinuous PV grids in each adjacent polygonal structure can be conducted to the PV structure in the non-VA area via the continuous PV grid path in the adjacent polygon.

[0071] In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure 100 further includes:

[0072] Ring PV structure 130;

[0073] The annular PV structure 130 is disposed around the PV grid pattern 120;

[0074] The polygonal structure is connected to the annular PV structure 130 in different directions to conduct the collected electrical energy to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the annular PV structure 130 .

[0075] By arranging the annular PV structure 130 in the solar cell grid structure 100 and surrounding the PV grid pattern 120, when the solar cell is working, the electric energy generated in the visible area of ​​the solar cell can be effectively conducted to the annular PV structure 130 of the solar cell through the PV grid pattern 120, and then conducted to the positive and negative electrode output terminals through the positive and negative electrode leads of 130.

[0076] Please also see Figure 3In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure 100 further includes:

[0077] Physical partitioning area 140;

[0078] The physical segmentation area 140 is used to segment the annular PV structure 130 and the PV grid pattern 120 into a plurality of sector-shaped blocks 141;

[0079] The annular PV structure 130 and the PV grid pattern 120 within the sector block 141 form a solar cell;

[0080] Any solar cell is electrically connected to an adjacent solar cell in series.

[0081] In this embodiment, the ring-shaped PV structure 130 and the PV grid pattern 120 are divided into a plurality of sector blocks 141 by setting a physical division area 140. At this time, the solar cell grid structure 100 will be divided into a plurality of solar cells, so that the output characteristics of the voltage and current of the solar cell can be conveniently set. In this embodiment, when the solar cell is designed with a multi-junction series structure in the non-VA area, the random pattern in the VA area can also be roughly evenly divided in the direction of the angle dividing line passing through the center of each cell according to the size of the area, and physically divided, and the polygonal grid pattern of the divided sector blocks is only electrically connected in parallel with each cell on the adjacent PV ring.

[0082] Please also see Figure 4 In one embodiment, the physical segmentation area 140 includes a plurality of breakpoints 142. The breakpoints 142 are used to separate the PV grid patterns of two adjacent sector blocks 141.

[0083] The multiple breakpoints 142 are not on the same straight line.

[0084] In this embodiment, since the physical dividing area 140 includes a plurality of breakpoints 142, and the plurality of breakpoints 142 are not on the same straight line, when the solar cell grid structure 100 is disposed on one side of the upper surface of the display, since the breakpoint design of the physical dividing area is also random, the physical dividing area 140 is also a non-linear pattern, thereby avoiding the linear pattern of the physical dividing area 140 from having a slight influence on the display effect.

[0085] In one embodiment, the distance between any breakpoint and its adjacent breakpoints is different, and the minimum distance between adjacent breakpoints is greater than or equal to 5 μm.

[0086] In this embodiment, the distance between any breakpoint and its adjacent breakpoints is set to be different, so that the physical partition area 140 becomes more irregular, and the randomness of the PV grid is further improved.

[0087] See also Figure 5 Another embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell grid structure 200. The solar cell grid structure 200 includes:

[0088] One or more PV grids 210 . The PV grids 210 surround to form a PV grid pattern 220 .

[0089] The PV grid pattern 220 is a random pattern to avoid moiré patterns.

[0090] In this embodiment, the random pattern includes a continuous filamentary PV grid line 210; the pattern of the filamentary PV grid line 210 is described as: a track formed by points randomly moving in different directions on a plane; when the filamentary PV grid line 210 has an intersection, the tangent directions of different curves at the intersection are different; that is, the filamentary PV grid line 210 can intersect randomly but not overlap. By setting the PV grid line to a continuous filamentary grid line that can intersect randomly but not overlap, the intersection position formed by the PV grid pattern and the pixel spacing of the underlying display can also be made irregular after overlapping in 3D space, so as to avoid the generation of moiré.

[0091] In this embodiment, the solar cell grid structure 200 further includes:

[0092] Ring PV structure 230;

[0093] The annular PV structure 230 is disposed around the PV grid pattern 220;

[0094] The filamentary PV grid lines 210 are connected to the annular PV structure 230 in different directions to conduct the collected electrical energy to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the annular PV structure 230 .

[0095] By arranging an annular PV structure 230 in the solar cell grid structure 200 and surrounding the PV grid pattern 220, when the solar cell is working, the electric energy generated by the visible area of ​​the solar cell can be effectively conducted to the annular PV structure 230 of the solar cell through the PV grid pattern 220.

[0096] In one embodiment, the solar cell grid structure 200 further includes:

[0097] Physical partitioning area 240;

[0098] The physical segmentation area 240 is used to segment the annular PV structure 230 and the PV grid pattern 220 into a plurality of sector-shaped blocks 241;

[0099] The filigree PV grid lines 210 within any sector block 241 are electrically connected to the annular PV structure 230 within the sector block 241 .

[0100] In this embodiment, the annular PV structure 230 and the PV grid pattern 220 are divided into a plurality of sector blocks 241 by setting a physical dividing area 240. At this time, the solar cell grid structure 200 will be divided into a plurality of solar cells, so that the voltage and current output characteristics of the solar cells can be conveniently set.

[0101] Please also see Figure 6 In one embodiment, the physical segmentation area 240 separates the PV grid patterns 220 of two adjacent blocks 241; the pattern of the filamentary PV grid lines 210 in any block 241 is described as: a trajectory formed by points randomly moving in different directions on a plane; when the filamentary PV grid lines 210 have intersections, the tangent directions of different curves at the intersections are different; that is, the filamentary PV grid lines 210 have randomly intersecting directions but do not overlap.

[0102] The PV grid pattern will not intersect in the segmented area of ​​two adjacent sector blocks 241, and the boundary line in the segmented area 240 is a curve, which also presents an irregular distribution that is not on a straight line, thereby avoiding the generation of moiré patterns.

[0103] In one embodiment, the minimum spacing between PV grids in two adjacent groups of sector blocks is greater than or equal to 5 μm.

[0104] In this embodiment, the PV grid is effectively divided into sectors by making the minimum spacing between PV grid patterns in two adjacent sector blocks greater than or equal to 5 μm.

[0105] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell, comprising the solar cell grid structure described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0106] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic product, including a display and the solar cell described in the above embodiment, wherein the solar cell is arranged above the display surface of the display, such as on one side of the upper surface of the display, or directly on the upper surface of the display structure itself.

[0107] In one of the embodiments, in the solar cell, the line width of the PV grid lines of the solar cell grid structure is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 10 of the sub-pixel width of the display.

[0108] Preferably, the line width of the PV grid lines ranges from 2 μm to 15 μm.

[0109] In this embodiment, in order to make the PV grid have as little impact on the display effect of the display as possible, since the line width of the PV grid in the random pattern is still regular, the width of the random PV grid lines is designed to be only 1 / 3 to 1 / 10 of the sub-pixel width of the display, that is, 2 to 15 μm. At the same time, considering that the purpose of laying out the PV grid is to increase the PV area as much as possible, the line width of the preferred PV grid pattern is set to 5 to 10 μm, so as to maximize the output power of the solar cell without affecting the display effect of the display below.

[0110] In one of the embodiments, in the solar cell, the total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern accounts for between 5% and 30% of the total area of ​​the visible area of ​​the display.

[0111] Preferably, the total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern accounts for between 10% and 20% of the total area of ​​the visible area of ​​the display.

[0112] In this embodiment, by making the total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern account for 5% to 30% of the total area of ​​the visible area of ​​the display, the PV grid pattern can effectively absorb sunlight and convert it into electrical energy without causing too much impact on the performance of the display.

[0113] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell grid structure, characterized in that: include: One or more PV grid lines, the PV grid lines surrounding to form a PV grid pattern; The PV grid pattern is a random pattern to avoid moiré patterns.

2. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The random pattern includes: The PV grid lines surround to form a plurality of polygonal structures; The plurality of polygonal structures together form the random pattern; The side lengths of any polygonal structure and its adjacent polygonal structure are different, or the inner angles of any polygonal structure and its adjacent polygonal structure are not equal.

3. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In any of the polygonal structures, the longest side length is set in a range of 45 μm to 500 μm.

4. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple polygonal structures are connected end to end without any breakpoints; And / or, the plurality of polygonal structures are partially disconnected, but there is at least one conductive path connecting two adjacent polygonal structures.

5. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Ring PV structure; The annular PV structure is disposed around the PV grid pattern; The polygonal structure is connected to the annular PV structure for conducting the collected electrical energy to the positive and negative electrodes of the annular PV structure.

6. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Physically segmented areas; The physical segmentation area is used to segment the annular PV structure and the PV grid pattern into a plurality of blocks; The annular PV structure and the PV grid pattern within the block form a solar cell; Any solar cell is electrically connected to an adjacent solar cell in series.

7. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The physical segmentation area includes a plurality of breakpoints, and the breakpoints are used to separate the PV grid patterns of two adjacent blocks; The multiple breakpoints are not on the same straight line.

8. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between any breakpoint and its adjacent breakpoints is different, and the minimum distance between adjacent breakpoints is greater than or equal to 5 μm.

9. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The random pattern includes at least one continuous filamentary PV grid line; the pattern of the filamentary PV grid line is described as: a trajectory formed by points randomly moving in different directions on a plane; when the filamentary PV grid lines have intersections, the tangent directions of different curves at the intersections are different.

10. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: Ring PV structure; The annular PV structure is disposed around the PV grid pattern; The filamentary PV grid lines are connected to the annular PV structure for conducting the collected electrical energy to the positive and negative electrodes of the annular PV structure.

11. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: Also includes: Physically segmented areas; The physical segmentation area is used to segment the annular PV structure and the PV grid pattern into a plurality of blocks; The filigree PV grid lines within any block are electrically connected to the annular PV structures within that block.

12. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The boundary line of the physical segmentation area is a curve.

13. The solar cell grid structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The minimum spacing between the PV grid patterns of two adjacent blocks is greater than or equal to 5 μm.

14. A solar cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a solar cell grid structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. An electronic product comprising a display and the solar cell according to claim 14, wherein the solar cell is arranged above a display surface of the display.

16. The electronic product according to claim 15, characterized in that: In the solar cell, the line width of the PV grid lines of the solar cell grid structure is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 10 of the sub-pixel width of the display.

17. The electronic product according to claim 16, characterized in that: The line width of the PV grid lines ranges from 2 μm to 15 μm.

18. The electronic product according to claim 15, characterized in that: In the solar cell, the total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern occupies between 5% and 30% of the total area of ​​the visible area of ​​the display.

19. The electronic product according to claim 15, characterized in that: The total shielding area of ​​the PV grid pattern occupies between 10% and 20% of the total area of ​​the viewable area of ​​the display.

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