A method for predicting eccentric down-grinding and polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for predicting the polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool under eccentricity. The method involves measuring key physical parameters of the abrasive tool; establishing a deformation model of the abrasive tool under no-load conditions based on the spindle speed and key physical parameters; determining the motion trajectory of the abrasive tool based on the feed rate and spindle speed; calculating the theoretical contact depth curve when the abrasive tool contacts the workpiece based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the abrasive tool; and obtaining the theoretical polished surface produced under eccentricity based on the time axis variation. This invention can effectively predict the polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool under eccentricity, accurately simulate the contact state between the abrasive tool and the workpiece during the polishing process, and determine the influence and laws of flexible abrasive tool eccentricity on the actual machined surface. It provides a theoretical basis and technical support for optimizing process parameters and controlling surface quality in subsequent actual machining, and also provides a reference for the design and application of flexible abrasive tools, strongly promoting the development and application of CNC machining technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machining technology, and in particular to a method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool under eccentric conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, CNC machining technology is widely used as an important processing method in the manufacture of various complex parts. The accuracy and efficiency of CNC machining have a significant impact on the final quality of the product. Grinding molds play a crucial role in CNC machining, especially in precision machining and surface polishing, where the performance of the mold directly affects the quality and consistency of the machined surface. However, during use, grinding molds may exhibit eccentricity, meaning that the center of gravity of the mold is not precisely at the center of the rotation axis. This eccentricity can be caused by manufacturing errors, clamping errors, or wear of the grinding mold.

[0003] Due to their unique material and structural characteristics, flexible abrasives offer better adaptability and broader application prospects compared to traditional rigid abrasives. Flexible abrasives can efficiently polish and finely machine workpieces with complex curved surfaces and irregular shapes. However, the eccentricity of flexible abrasives significantly impacts surface quality during CNC machining, manifesting as increased waviness, roughness, and even machining defects. This not only affects the product's appearance but also its performance. Currently, however, a systematic method is lacking in the CNC machining field to predict the polishing effect of flexible abrasives under eccentricity. This makes it impossible to analyze and predict the impact of flexible abrasive eccentricity on surface quality, thus hindering the understanding of its influence on surface quality and providing support for optimizing machining parameters, ultimately impeding improvements in surface quality.

[0004] The above problems urgently need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the related technical problems, this invention provides a method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasives under eccentric conditions, thereby resolving the issues mentioned in the background section above.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for predicting the polishing effect of eccentric grinding with a flexible abrasive, the method comprising:

[0008] Measuring the key physical parameters of the mold;

[0009] Based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel, a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions is established.

[0010] The motion trajectory of the grinding wheel is determined based on the feed rate and spindle speed;

[0011] The theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece is calculated based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel;

[0012] Based on the changes over time, the theoretical polished surface produced by the eccentric grinding wheel is obtained.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the key physical parameters of the abrasive include, but are not limited to, eccentricity, elastic modulus, diameter, thickness, and mass.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the key physical parameters of the measuring mold include:

[0015] The eccentricity of the mold is measured using precision measuring equipment;

[0016] The elastic modulus of the abrasive was measured through material testing.

[0017] The diameter and thickness of the mold were measured using geometric measurement methods.

[0018] The quality of the mold is accurately obtained by weighing.

[0019] As an optional implementation, establishing a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel includes:

[0020] Based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel, a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions is established; the deformation model is used to simulate the deformation and stress distribution of the grinding wheel during rotation due to eccentricity and centrifugal force.

[0021] As an optional implementation, determining the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel based on the feed rate and spindle speed includes:

[0022] Set the corresponding feed rate and spindle speed according to the processing requirements and process specifications;

[0023] The motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during the actual machining process is calculated based on the set feed rate and spindle speed.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the step of calculating the theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel includes:

[0025] Based on the processing requirements, set the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the mold;

[0026] Based on the radial depth of cut, the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel, and the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during the actual machining process, the theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece is calculated.

[0027] As an optional implementation, obtaining the theoretical polished surface generated under the eccentricity of the abrasive tool based on the time axis variation includes:

[0028] Based on the changes in the time axis, the theoretical contact depth curve is combined with the time axis to simulate the grinding and polishing process of the grinding wheel on the workpiece surface throughout the entire processing, thereby obtaining the theoretical grinding and polishing surface generated by the eccentric grinding wheel.

[0029] As an optional implementation, obtaining the theoretical polished surface generated under the eccentricity of the abrasive tool based on the time axis variation further includes:

[0030] Calculate the theoretical surface morphology of the workpiece after grinding and polishing, wherein the morphology is used to reflect the microscopic morphological features generated on the workpiece surface by the grinding tool during the grinding and polishing process.

[0031] As an optional implementation method, the method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of the flexible abrasive under eccentricity further includes: using computer simulation software to visualize the theoretical surface morphology and intuitively present the surface characteristics of the workpiece after grinding and polishing.

[0032] The technical solution proposed in this invention measures the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel; establishes a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel; determines the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel based on the feed rate and spindle speed; calculates the theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel; and obtains the theoretical polished surface produced under grinding wheel eccentricity based on the time axis variation. The technical solution proposed in this invention can effectively predict the polishing effect under flexible grinding wheel eccentricity, systematically establishes a theoretical model of the influence of flexible grinding wheel eccentricity on the polished surface, accurately simulates the contact state between the grinding wheel and the workpiece during the polishing process, and can determine the influence and law of flexible grinding wheel eccentricity on the actual machined surface. This provides a theoretical basis and technical support for subsequent process parameter optimization and surface quality control in actual processing, and can also provide a reference for the design and application of flexible grinding wheels, powerfully promoting the development and application of CNC machining technology. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate and understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the background technology and embodiment descriptions of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool under eccentric down-grinding provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figures 2 to 7 This is an eccentricity diagram of the flap wheel at different rotational speeds in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a radial material removal depth diagram of the flap wheel during the grinding and polishing process in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a simulation image of the workpiece surface after polishing with a flap wheel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0041] S101. Measure the key physical parameters of the abrasive;

[0042] S102. Based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel, establish a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions;

[0043] S103. Determine the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel based on the feed rate and spindle speed;

[0044] S104. Calculate the theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel;

[0045] S105. Based on the change in the time axis, obtain the theoretical polished surface generated under the eccentricity of the grinding wheel.

[0046] For example, the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel include, but are not limited to, eccentricity, elastic modulus, diameter, thickness, and mass. These key physical parameters form the basis for establishing the grinding wheel deformation model and directly affect the grinding wheel's behavior during the machining process.

[0047] In this embodiment, the key physical parameters of the measuring mold include:

[0048] The eccentricity of the grinding wheel is measured using precision measuring equipment. The eccentricity refers to the offset of the grinding wheel's center of gravity relative to its axis of rotation. Eccentricity is the primary cause of vibration and wobbling during grinding wheel rotation; accurate measurement of this value is crucial for subsequent compensation and optimization. In practical applications, the precision measuring equipment can be selected based on requirements, as long as it can accurately measure the eccentricity.

[0049] The elastic modulus of the abrasive is measured through material testing. The elastic modulus reflects the stiffness and deformation capacity of the abrasive material and can predict the deformation behavior of the abrasive under stress.

[0050] The diameter and thickness of the grinding wheel are measured using geometric measurement methods. The radius and thickness of the grinding wheel affect the force distribution and deformation during rotation. In specific applications, the radius of the grinding wheel is measured using geometric measurement methods to determine its diameter.

[0051] The mass of the grinding wheel is accurately obtained through weighing. The mass of the grinding wheel is a key parameter affecting its inertia and stress distribution.

[0052] For example, establishing the deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel includes:

[0053] Based on the spindle speed and the key physical parameters of the grinding wheel, a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions is established; the deformation model is used to simulate the deformation and stress distribution of the grinding wheel during rotation due to eccentricity and centrifugal force.

[0054] In this embodiment, the spindle speed range is set according to actual processing needs. Different spindle speeds result in different centrifugal forces, thus affecting the deformation of the grinding wheel. Utilizing the grinding and polishing mechanism and elastic deformation theory, a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions is established based on the measured key physical parameters of the grinding wheel and the set spindle speed. This deformation model simulates the deformation and stress distribution of the grinding wheel during rotation due to eccentricity and centrifugal force. The calculation process for the deformation caused by eccentricity and centrifugal force in this embodiment is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] A=cdb

[0057] F=lω 2 m

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Where Δl is the deformation caused by eccentricity and centrifugal force; F is the centripetal force at the deformation point; l is the distance from the rotation center to the surface of the grinding wheel; E is the elastic modulus of the grinding wheel; A is the cross-sectional area at the deformation point; c is the thickness of the grinding wheel; db is the unit width at the deformation point; ω is the angular velocity; m is the mass at the deformation point; M is the mass of the grinding wheel; D is the diameter of the grinding wheel; e is the eccentricity value of the grinding wheel; β is the angle between the deformation point and the center of the grinding wheel; t1 is the spindle rotation time; θ is the initial rotation angle between the deformation point and the rotation center of the grinding wheel.

[0061] For example, determining the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel based on the feed rate and spindle speed includes:

[0062] According to the processing requirements and process specifications, the corresponding feed rate and spindle speed are set; among them, the feed rate determines the relative motion speed between the mold and the workpiece, which has a direct impact on the quality of the processed surface.

[0063] Based on the set feed rate and spindle speed, the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during the actual machining process is calculated. The motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during the actual machining process is an important basis for analyzing its behavior in actual machining.

[0064] In this embodiment, the calculation process of the motion trajectory during actual processing is as follows:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Where α is the angle between the deformed part and the center of rotation; x i y is the x-coordinate of the deformation point; i V is the ordinate of the deformation point; w t1 is the feed rate of the grinding wheel; t2 is the movement time in the feed direction.

[0068] For example, calculating the theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel includes:

[0069] According to the processing requirements, the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel are set; wherein, the radial depth of cut determines the cutting depth between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and is a key parameter affecting the surface quality of the machined surface. The initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel is the initial position angle of the grinding wheel when it starts processing, and affects the contact state of the grinding wheel during the processing.

[0070] Based on the radial depth of cut, the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel, and the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during actual machining, the theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece is calculated to obtain the contact state between the grinding wheel and the workpiece surface. The theoretical contact depth curve reflects the distribution of the contact depth between the grinding wheel and the workpiece surface during machining and can be used to analyze and optimize machining quality; the calculation process of the theoretical contact depth curve is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where, α cc The angle between the critical deformation point and the center of rotation at contact; a p This represents the theoretical cutting depth.

[0073] For example, obtaining the theoretical polished surface generated under the eccentricity of the abrasive tool based on the change over time includes:

[0074] Based on the changes in the time axis, the theoretical contact depth curve is combined with the time axis to simulate the grinding and polishing process of the grinding wheel on the workpiece surface throughout the entire processing, thereby obtaining the theoretical grinding and polishing surface generated by the eccentric grinding wheel.

[0075] Specifically, according to α cc By knowing the current entry and exit positions, the material removal depth at each position within the processing area at that moment can be determined. By superimposing the surface morphology at different times, a complete processing surface under the processing path can be obtained.

[0076] t1∈[0,1],t2=0

[0077]

[0078] t1∈[0,2],t2=1

[0079]

[0080] [t1∈[0,1],t2=0; t1∈[0,2],t2=1]

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] in, The actual material removal depth at each contact point; This is the function relating the actual depth of cut to the theoretical depth of cut.

[0084] For example, obtaining the theoretical polished surface generated under the eccentricity of the abrasive tool based on the change over time further includes:

[0085] Calculate the theoretical surface morphology of the workpiece after grinding and polishing, wherein the morphology is used to reflect the microscopic morphological features generated on the workpiece surface by the grinding tool during the grinding and polishing process.

[0086] The method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasive under eccentricity proposed in this embodiment also includes: using computer simulation software to visualize the theoretical surface morphology and intuitively present the surface characteristics of the workpiece after grinding and polishing.

[0087] In this embodiment, the method for predicting the polishing effect of flexible abrasive under eccentricity proposed in this embodiment can analyze and record the polishing of the workpiece surface by the abrasive at different time points using computer simulation software to generate a theoretical polished surface model; based on the theoretical polished surface model, the influence of flexible abrasive eccentricity on the actual processed surface is analyzed.

[0088] The method for predicting the polishing effect under eccentric flexible abrasive proposed in this embodiment can effectively predict the polishing effect under eccentric flexible abrasive. It systematically establishes a theoretical model of the influence of flexible abrasive eccentricity on the polished surface, accurately simulates the contact state between the abrasive and the workpiece during the polishing process, and can determine the influence and law of flexible abrasive eccentricity on the actual machined surface. This provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization of process parameters and surface quality control in subsequent actual processing. It can also provide a reference for the design and application of flexible abrasive, and strongly promote the development and application of CNC machining technology.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] In this embodiment, the flexible abrasive is a flap wheel. The implementation principle of the method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of the flexible abrasive under eccentricity proposed in this embodiment is the same as that proposed in Embodiment 1 above, and the principle will not be repeated here. Specifically, the eccentricity of the flap wheel at different rotational speeds is obtained by a high-precision laser displacement sensor, such as... Figures 2 to 7 As shown, Figures 2 to 7 The figures show the eccentricity diagrams of the flap wheel at rotational speeds of 500 RPM, 2000 RPM, 4000 RPM, 6000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 10000 RPM, respectively, in embodiments of the present invention. The elastic modulus of the abrasive material was measured using a dynamic mechanical analyzer, the thickness and diameter of the flap wheel were measured using high-precision vernier calipers, and the mass of the flap wheel was measured using a high-precision electronic balance. Specific measurement parameters at a spindle speed of 10000 RPM are shown in the table below.

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] By measuring the elastic modulus and eccentricity value, and combining it with the theory of elastic deformation, a model for the radius change of the flap wheel during rotation is established. This model takes into account centrifugal force and the elastic properties of the material, and can predict the radius change of the flap wheel at different rotational speeds.

[0094] Similar to Embodiment 1 above, the deformation under centrifugal force is calculated using the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] A = cdb;

[0097] F=lω 2 m;

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] By combining grinding and polishing process parameters, including spindle speed, feed rate, and radial depth of cut, a theoretical contact depth curve model is established for the contact between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. The deformation of the grinding wheel under different process parameters is obtained through this theoretical contact depth curve model, enabling the prediction of the actual cutting depth and contact area when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece.

[0101] Similar to Example 1, the theoretical contact depth curve is calculated using the following formula:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] In this embodiment, the polishing process is divided into several time domains, each representing the relative motion between the grinding wheel and the workpiece within a time interval. This method allows for detailed analysis of the contact between the grinding wheel and the workpiece throughout the entire polishing process.

[0106] In this embodiment, the contact depth curve is calculated for each time domain, taking into account the deformation and contact state of the abrasive at different time points. Using kinematic and mechanical principles, the amount of material removed and the contact pressure distribution of the abrasive in each time domain can be calculated.

[0107] By superimposing the contact depth curves within each time domain, the cumulative contact depth distribution throughout the entire grinding and polishing process is obtained. This step integrates the contact conditions at different moments during the grinding and polishing process, yielding the overall impact of the abrasive tool on the workpiece surface throughout the entire process. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8This is a radial material removal depth diagram of the flap wheel during the grinding and polishing process in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] In this embodiment, the stacking process needs to consider the rotation and feed motion of the grinding wheel, as well as the deformation effect caused by the wheel's eccentricity. This allows for accurate simulation of the cutting and polishing effects of the grinding wheel on the workpiece surface at different time points. Based on the stacked contact depth curve, the theoretical surface morphology of the workpiece after polishing is calculated. This morphology reflects the microscopic morphological characteristics generated on the workpiece surface by the grinding wheel during the polishing process, including surface roughness and waviness.

[0109] In this embodiment, computer simulation software is used to visualize the theoretical surface morphology. Through 3D surface diagrams and cross-sectional curves, the surface characteristics of the workpiece after grinding and polishing are presented intuitively. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a simulation image of the workpiece surface after polishing with a flap wheel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] The method for predicting the polishing effect under eccentric flap wheel proposed in this embodiment can effectively predict the polishing effect under eccentric flap wheel. It systematically establishes a theoretical model of the influence of flap wheel eccentricity on the polished surface, accurately simulates the contact state between the flap wheel and the workpiece during the polishing process, and can determine the influence and law of flap wheel eccentricity on the actual processed surface. This provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization of process parameters and surface quality control in subsequent actual processing, and can also provide a reference for the design and application of flap wheels.

[0111] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the grinding and polishing effect of a flexible abrasive tool under eccentric downward grinding, characterized in that, include: The key physical parameters of the abrasive are measured; wherein, the key physical parameters of the abrasive include eccentricity, elastic modulus, diameter, thickness and mass; Based on the grinding and polishing mechanism and elastic deformation theory, and according to the spindle speed and key physical parameters of the grinding wheel, a deformation model of the grinding wheel under no-load conditions is established. The deformation model is used to simulate the deformation and stress distribution of the grinding wheel during rotation due to eccentricity and centrifugal force. The motion trajectory of the grinding wheel is determined based on the feed rate and spindle speed, combined with the deformation and stress distribution caused by eccentricity and centrifugal force. The theoretical contact depth curve when the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece is calculated based on the radial depth of cut, the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel, and the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during the actual machining process. Based on the changes in the time axis, the theoretical contact depth curve is combined with the time axis to calculate the contact depth curve in each time domain. The contact depth curves in each time domain are superimposed to obtain the cumulative contact depth distribution in the entire grinding and polishing process. This simulates the grinding and polishing process of the grinding tool on the workpiece surface throughout the entire processing process, and obtains the theoretical grinding and polishing surface generated by the eccentricity of the grinding tool.

2. The method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasive tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key physical parameters of the measuring mold include: The eccentricity of the mold is measured using precision measuring equipment; The elastic modulus of the abrasive was measured through material testing. The diameter and thickness of the mold were measured using geometric measurement methods. The quality of the mold is accurately obtained by weighing.

3. The method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasive tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the motion trajectory of the grinding wheel based on the feed rate and spindle speed includes: Set the corresponding feed rate and spindle speed according to the processing requirements and process specifications; The motion trajectory of the grinding wheel during the actual machining process is calculated based on the set feed rate and spindle speed.

4. The method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasive tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the theoretical contact depth curve between the grinding wheel and the workpiece based on the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel includes: Based on the processing requirements, the radial depth of cut and the initial rotation angle of the grinding wheel are set.

5. The method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasive tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the theoretical polished surface generated under the eccentricity of the grinding wheel based on the change of the time axis also includes: Calculate the theoretical surface morphology of the workpiece after grinding and polishing, wherein the morphology is used to reflect the microscopic morphological features generated on the workpiece surface by the grinding tool during the grinding and polishing process.

6. The method for predicting the eccentric grinding and polishing effect of flexible abrasive tools according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Computer simulation software is used to visualize the theoretical surface morphology, intuitively presenting the surface characteristics of the workpiece after grinding and polishing.

Images