Ue autonomous resource selection for independent networking sidelink CSI-RS

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to UE autonomous resource selection for independent networking side link CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal). An apparatus configured to: determine a reserved resource for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resource; determining at least one candidate resource from a candidate resource set for the second transmission, the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlapping with the reserved resource in time, and the at least one candidate resource not overlapping with the reserved resource in frequency; determining a relative position of the at least one candidate resource in frequency with respect to at least one of: a reserved resource, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and in response to a received signal strength associated with the reserved resource being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, excluding at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for the second transmission, where the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on a relative location of the at least one candidate resource.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The exemplary and non-limiting embodiments relate generally to sidelink communications and, more particularly, to resource selection for transmitting sidelink reference signals. Background Art

[0002] It is known that in Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) and Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) resource selection, resources that overlap with reserved resources in time and frequency are excluded. Summary of the invention

[0003] The following summary is intended to be illustrative only. It is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] According to one aspect, a device includes: at least one processor; and at least one non-volatile memory, the at least one non-volatile memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least: determine reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determine at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determine a relative position in frequency of at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, exclude at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0005] According to one aspect, a method includes: determining, using a user equipment, reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position in frequency of the at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0006] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position in frequency of the at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0007] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon, the program instructions being used to perform at least the following items: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position of at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0008] According to some aspects, the subject matter of the independent claims is provided. Some further aspects are defined in the dependent claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The foregoing aspects and other features are explained in the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0010] Figure 1 is a block diagram of one possible and non-limiting example system in which example embodiments may be practiced;

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating features as described herein;

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating features as described herein; and

[0013] Figure 4 is a flow chart showing the steps as described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following abbreviations that may be found in the specification and / or drawings are defined as follows: 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project 5G fifth generation 5GC 5G Core Network AMF access and mobility management functions CE control components cRAN Cloud Radio Access Network CSI-RS channel state information reference signal CU Central Unit D2D Device to Device DMRS demodulation reference signal DU Distributed Unit eNB (or eNodeB) Evolved Node B (e.g., LTE base station) EN-DC E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity The en-gNB or En-gNB provides the UE with the node where the NR user plane and control plane protocols terminate and acts as a secondary node in EN-DC E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access, LTE radio access technology FR2 frequency range 2 gNB (or gNodeB) is a base station for 5G / NR, which provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to UE and is connected to 5GC via NG interface. IBE In-Band Emission IE Information Element I / F Interface IoT I / Q or IQ in-phase and quadrature components IUC Inter-UE coordination L1 Layer 1 LTE Long Term Evolution MAC Medium Access Control MME Mobility Management Entity ng or NG New Generation ng-eNB or NG-eNB New Generation eNB NR New Radio N / W or NW Network OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing RAN Open Radio Access Network PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol PHY Physical Layer PRB physical resource block ProSe proximity service PSCCH physical side link control channel PSDCH physical side link feedback channel PSSCH physical side link shared channel RAN radio access network RE resource element RF radio frequency RLC Radio Link ControlRRC Radio Resource ControlRRH Remote Radio HeadRS Reference SignalRSRP Reference Signal Received PowerRS-SINR Reference Signal Signal to Interference and Noise RatioRSW Resource Selection WindowRU Radio Unit Rx Receiver SCI side link control information SDAP Business Data Adaptation Protocol SDU Service Data Unit SGW Service Gateway SL side link SL-PRS Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal SMF session management function Tx Transmitter UE User Equipment (e.g., wireless, usually mobile device) UPF user plane function V2I Vehicle to Infrastructure V2N Vehicle to Network V2P vehicle to pedestrian V2V Vehicle to Vehicle V2X Vehicle to Everything VNF Virtual Network Function

[0015] Steering Figure 1 , which shows a block diagram of one possible and non-limiting example in which these examples may be practiced. A user equipment (UE) 110, a radio access network (RAN) node 170, and (multiple) network elements 190 are shown. Figure 1In the example of FIG. 1 , a user equipment (UE) 110 wirelessly communicates with a wireless network 100. A UE is a wireless device that can access the wireless network 100. The UE 110 includes one or more processors 120, one or more memories 125, and one or more transceivers 130 interconnected by one or more buses 127. Each of the one or more transceivers 130 includes a receiver Rx 132 and a transmitter Tx 133. The one or more buses 127 can be address, data, or control buses, and can include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fiber or other optical communication devices, etc. A "circuit" can include dedicated hardware or hardware associated with software executable thereon. The one or more transceivers 130 are connected to one or more antennas 128. The one or more memories 125 include computer program code 123. The UE 110 includes a module 140, which includes one or both of the parts 140-1 and / or 140-2 that can be implemented in a variety of ways. The module 140 may be implemented in hardware as a module 140-1, such as being implemented as part of one or more processors 120. The module 140-1 may also be implemented as an integrated circuit or by other hardware such as a programmable gate array. In another example, the module 140 may be implemented as a module 140-2, which is implemented as a computer program code 123 and is executed by one or more processors 120. For example, one or more memories 125 and the computer program code 123 may be configured to perform one or more of the operations described herein with the user equipment 110 in conjunction with the one or more processors 120. The UE 110 communicates with the RAN node 170 via a wireless link 111.

[0016] In this example, the RAN node 170 is a base station that provides access to the wireless network 100 for wireless devices (e.g., UE 110). The RAN node 170 may be, for example, a base station for 5G, also known as New Radio (NR). In 5G, the RAN node 170 may be a NG-RAN node, which is defined as a gNB or ng-eNB. A gNB is a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC (such as, for example, (multiple) network elements 190) via an NG interface. An ng-eNB is a node that provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC via an NG interface. An NG-RAN node may include multiple gNBs, which may also include a central unit (CU) (gNB-CU) 196 and a distributed unit (DU) (gNB-DU), of which DU 195 is shown. Note that a DU may include or be coupled to and control a radio unit (RU). The gNB-CU is a logical node that hosts the RRC, SDAP, and PDCP protocols of the gNB or the RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB and controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-DU. The F1 interface is shown as reference 198, although reference 198 also shows links between remote elements of the RAN node 170 and centralized elements of the RAN node 170, such as the link between the gNB-CU 196 and the gNB-DU 195. The gNB-DU is a logical node that hosts the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partially controlled by the gNB-CU. One gNB-CU supports one or more cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU. The gNB-DU terminates the F1 interface 198 connected to the gNB-CU. Note that DU 195 is shown as including transceiver 160, e.g., as part of a RU, but some such examples may have transceiver 160 as part of a separate RU, e.g., under the control of and connected to DU 195. RAN node 170 may also be an eNB (evolved Node B) base station for LTE (Long Term Evolution), or any other suitable base station, access point, access node, or node.

[0017] The RAN node 170 includes one or more processors 152, one or more memories 155, one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) 161, and one or more transceivers 160 interconnected by one or more buses 157. Each of the one or more transceivers 160 includes a receiver Rx 162 and a transmitter Tx 163. The one or more transceivers 160 are connected to one or more antennas 158. The one or more memories 155 include computer program code 153. The CU 196 may include (multiple) processors 152, memories 155, and network interfaces 161. Note that the DU 195 may also contain its own memory / memories and (multiple) processors, and / or other hardware, but these are not shown.

[0018] The RAN node 170 includes a module 150, which includes one or both of the parts 150-1 and / or 150-2 that can be implemented in a variety of ways. The module 150 can be implemented in hardware as the module 150-1, for example, as part of one or more processors 152. The module 150-1 can also be implemented as an integrated circuit or by other hardware such as a programmable gate array. In another example, the module 150 can be implemented as a module 150-2, which is implemented as a computer program code 153 and executed by one or more processors 152. For example, one or more memories 155 and the computer program code 153 are configured to, together with the one or more processors 152, cause the RAN node 170 to perform one or more operations as described herein. Note that the functionality of the module 150 can be distributed, for example, distributed between the DU 195 and the CU 196, or implemented only in the DU 195.

[0019] One or more network interfaces 161 communicate over a network, such as via links 176 and 131. Two or more gNBs 170 may communicate using, for example, link 176. Link 176 may be wired or wireless or both, and may implement, for example, an Xn interface for 5G, an X2 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards.

[0020] The one or more buses 157 may be address, data, or control buses, and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of wires on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fiber or other optical communication device, wireless channel, etc. For example, one or more transceivers 160 may be implemented as a remote radio head (RRH) 195 for LTE or a distributed unit (DU) 195 for a gNB implementation for 5G, other elements of the RAN node 170 may be physically located in a different location from the RRH / DU, and the one or more buses 157 may be partially implemented as, for example, a fiber optic cable or other suitable network connection to connect other elements of the RAN node 170 (e.g., central unit (CU), gNB-CU) to the RRH / DU 195. Reference 198 also indicates those suitable network links.

[0021] It should be noted that the description herein indicates that a "cell" performs a function, but it should be clear that the equipment forming the cell will perform the function. A cell constitutes part of a base station. That is, each base station can have multiple cells. For example, there can be three cells for a single carrier frequency and associated bandwidth, each cell covering one-third of a 360-degree area, so that the coverage area of ​​a single base station covers an approximate ellipse or circle. In addition, each cell can correspond to a single carrier and a base station can use multiple carriers. Therefore, if there are three 120-degree cells and two carriers for each carrier, the base station has a total of 6 cells.

[0022] The wireless network 100 may include one or more network elements 190, which may include core network functions and provide connectivity to another network, such as a telephone network and / or a data communications network (e.g., the Internet), via one or more links 181. Such core network functions for 5G may include access and mobility management functions (AMFs) and / or user plane functions (UPFs) and / or session management functions (SMFs). Such core network functions for LTE may include MME (mobility management entity) / SGW (serving gateway) functions. These are merely illustrative functions that may be supported by the network element(s) 190, and note that both 5G and LTE functions may be supported. The RAN node 170 is coupled to the network element 190 via a link 131. The link 131 may be implemented, for example, as an NG interface for 5G or an S1 interface for LTE or other suitable interfaces for other standards. The network element 190 includes one or more processors 175, one or more memories 171, and one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) 180 interconnected by one or more buses 185. The one or more memories 171 include computer program code 173. The one or more memories 171 and the computer program code 173 are configured to work with the one or more processors 175 to cause the network element 190 to perform one or more operations.

[0023] The wireless network 100 may implement network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functions into a single software-based management entity, a virtual network. Network virtualization involves platform virtualization, often combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is classified as external, combining many networks or parts of networks into virtual units, or internal, providing network-like functions to software containers on a single system. For example, a network may be deployed in a cloud, where virtual network functions (VNFs) run on, for example, data center servers. For example, network core functions and / or radio access networks (e.g., cloud RAN, O-RAN, edge cloud) may be virtualized. Note that the virtualized entities resulting from network virtualization are still implemented at some level using hardware such as processors 152 or 175 and memories 155 and 171, and such virtualized entities also produce technical effects.

[0024] It may also be noted that the operations of the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed by multiple cooperating devices (eg, cRAN).

[0025] Computer readable memories 125, 155, and 171 may be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. Computer readable memories 125, 155, and 171 may be devices for performing storage functions. Processors 120, 152, and 175 may be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and may include, as non-limiting examples, one or more of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Processors 120, 152, and 175 may be devices for performing functions such as controlling UE 110, RAN node 170, and other functions described herein.

[0026] In general, various example embodiments of user device 110 may include, but are not limited to, a cellular telephone (such as a smart phone), a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA) with wireless communication capabilities, a portable computer with wireless communication capabilities, an image capture device with wireless communication capabilities (such as a digital camera), a gaming device with wireless communication capabilities, a music storage and playback device with wireless communication capabilities, an Internet device allowing wireless Internet access and browsing, a tablet computer with wireless communication capabilities, and a portable unit or terminal integrating a combination of these functions.

[0027] Having thus introduced a suitable but non-limiting technical background for the practice of example embodiments of the present disclosure, the example embodiments will now be described in more detail.

[0028] The features described herein may generally relate to (but are not limited to) New Radio (NR) Side Link (SL) enhancements. For example, the NR SL method may be implemented to provide communications between a vehicle and a network, (multiple) infrastructure, (multiple) other vehicles, or (multiple) other road users in the surrounding / immediate area. Such communications may enable proximity services (ProSe), or information about the surrounding environment to be transmitted between devices in close proximity (e.g., device-to-device (D2D) communication technologies). Such direct communications are available even when network coverage is not available. Additionally or alternatively, the NR SL method may be implemented in scenarios unrelated to traffic users, such as public safety scenarios and / or commercial scenarios.

[0029] Additionally or alternatively, the NR SL approach may involve the Internet of Things (IoT) and automotive industries (e.g., for accident risk reduction and safer driving experience). These use cases may include message exchanges between vehicles (V2V), between vehicles and pedestrians (V2P), between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I), and between vehicles and networks (V2N), and may be referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X). The sidelink may use the same or a different carrier frequency or band as the cellular communication.

[0030] Enhancements to the sidelink procedures may be applicable to these V2X and other use cases. Enhancements to the sidelink procedures may be applicable to unicast, multicast and / or broadcast procedures.

[0031] For example, in the context of 3GPP Rel-18 work item on NR sidelink evolution (NR_SL_enh2, RP-230077), the features described herein may generally relate to sidelink evolution. The features described herein may have the technical effect of addressing objectives related to sidelink operation in FR2 licensed spectrum.

[0032] Features as described herein may generally relate to resource allocation for a standalone networking (SL) channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0033] The features described herein may generally relate to UE autonomous resource selection for PSCCH / PSSCH (also referred to as "Mode 2"). 3GPP TS 38.214 clause 8.1.4 specifies UE autonomous resource exclusion for PSCCH / PSSCH transmissions based on perception (i.e., SCI decoding and associated reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements). Step 6 of the standardized resource exclusion procedure (reproduced below) considers the candidate resources R x,y Whether the reserved resource (or its future instance, in case of periodic resource reservation) overlaps (in time and frequency) with the reserved resource (or its future instance, in case of periodic resource reservation): "…6) If all of the following conditions are met, the UE will select from the set S A Exclude any candidate single-slot resource R x,y : a)UE in time slot The received SCI format 1-A is received in The 'Resource reservation period' field (if present) and the 'Priority' field indicate the value P respectively according to clause 16.4 of [6, TS 38.213]. rsvp_RX and prio RX . b) For the received SCI format 1-A, the RSRP measurement performed according to clause 8.4.2.1 is higher than Th(prio RX ,prio TX ); c) In time slot If and only if the 'Resource Reservation Period' field is present in the received SCI format 1-A, then the SCI format is assumed to be in time slot(s) is received, determined in accordance with clause 8.1.5 Overlapping resource block sets and time slots, where q = 1, 2, ..., Q and j = 0, 1, ..., C resel -1. Here, if P rsvp_RX <T scal And n′-m≤P′ rsvp_RX , P′ rsvp_PX YesP rsvp_RX Logical time slot units converted according to clause 8.1.7 Where if the UE has full awareness through its higher layer configuration, if time slot n belongs to the set but Otherwise the time slot Is in the set The first time slot after time slot n; if the UE is partially aware through its higher layer configuration, if the time slot Belongs to the collection but Otherwise the time slot In is belongs to the set Time slot Otherwise Q = 1. If the UE is configured with full awareness through its higher layers, T scal is set to the selection window size T converted into milliseconds 2 If the UE has partial awareness through its higher layer configuration, Should be converted to milliseconds, where the time slot Is the last time slot among Y or Y' candidate time slots. is the first slot in the selected / remaining set of Y or Y' candidate slots."

[0034] Perception-based resource exclusion (also referred to as "mode 2") has been standardized in Rel-16 NR SL, and related inter-UE coordination (IUC) enhancements were later introduced in Rel-17 (see 3GPP TS 38.214, clause 8.1.4). In step 6 of the UE autonomous resource exclusion procedure (which is also used to determine preferred resources for transmission by another UE in IUC scheme 1 according to clause 8.1.4A), candidate resources may be excluded if they overlap with reserved resources in both time and frequency. However, candidate resources that overlap with reserved resources in time but not in frequency are not currently excluded, except when the UE determines a preferred set of resources for transmission by another UE (which is the destination UE) and does not expect to perform SL reception in a timeslot due to half-duplex operation (step 6a).

[0035] In fact, even when there is no frequency overlap, e.g. Figure 2 Interference between simultaneous SL transmissions may also occur due to so-called in-band emissions (IBE) caused by transmitter imperfections (e.g., adjacent channel leakage, I / Q images, carrier leakage, etc.) and / or other factors (e.g., high mobility causing inter-carrier interference). This is particularly problematic in SL due to the near-far problem: the intended transmitter may be farther away from the intended receiver than the interferer, so the desired signal may be much weaker than the interfering signal.

[0036] Reference now Figure 2 , illustrated is an example of a transmit power mask showing in-band emission (IBE). The y-axis shows the transmit power mask (dBm) and the x-axis shows the physical resource block (PRB) index. The useful (multiple) signals are shown at 210. The general in-band emission is shown at 220. The carrier leakage is shown at 230. The IQ image is shown at 240.

[0037] Resource allocation for standalone SL CSI-RS in FR2 is currently being discussed in 3GPP (see above agreement), and Mode 2 may be discussed as a starting point. However, standalone SL CSI-RS may be particularly susceptible to the above-mentioned deficiencies, especially if the resource allocation mechanism supports comb-based multiplexing of standalone SL CSI-RS transmissions. Therefore, enhancements may be necessary to resolve interference between time-overlapping standalone SL CSI-RS that do not overlap in frequency.

[0038] Potentially, the current MAC layer behavior (3GPP TS38.321) of uniform random selection among the candidate resource sets (SAs) reported by the PHY layer can be modified. For example, a bias can be introduced in the random selection (MAC) so that candidate resources that are farther away in frequency from the reserved resources that overlap in time can be more likely to be selected. However, while this may improve link-level performance due to reduced in-band emission (IBE) effects, system-level performance may be degraded compared to uniform random selection due to a higher probability of UEs selecting the same resource resulting in more frequent resource conflicts.

[0039] In an example embodiment, the UE may perform autonomous resource selection for the standalone networking sidelink CSI-RS. In an example embodiment, the currently standardized NR sidelink resource exclusion procedure (UE autonomous resource selection for PSCCH / PSSCH, also referred to as Mode 2) specified in 3GPP TS 38.214 (clause 8.1.4) may be enhanced, for example, by excluding candidate resources that overlap in time but not in frequency with the reserved resources based on a resource exclusion threshold, the resource exclusion threshold being a function of the relative position in frequency of the candidate resources relative to the reserved resource(s) and / or the associated carrier frequency.

[0040] For example, if Figure 2 If the transmission power mask of 210 corresponds to the reserved resources (PRB 8-9), it may be desirable to exclude candidate resources that are adjacent to the reserved resources 210 in frequency (e.g., PRB 4-7 and PRB 10-13), or candidate resources that overlap with the carrier frequency 230 (e.g., PRB 25-26), or candidate resources that overlap with the I / Q image 240 (e.g., PRB 42-43). However, in order to avoid excessive exclusion of candidate resources that may be detrimental to system-level performance, resource exclusion may depend on the received signal strength (e.g., RSRP) associated with the reserved resources. For example, if the RSRP is low, the impact of IBE may be negligible, while if the RSRP is high, the impact of IBE may be significant.

[0041] Figure 3Two UE pairs (A (310), B (320)) and (C (330), D (340)) are shown performing beam alignment (e.g., beam maintenance) for SL CSI-RS transmission based on independent networking. UE A (310) and UE C (330) are examples of SL CSI-RS transmitter UEs that select adjacent (c1, c2) and / or non-adjacent (e.g., maximum separation) (c'1, c'2) transmission combs. Similar to traditional PSCCH / PSSCH resource selection, the resources (e.g., time slot, subchannel, transmission comb offset, etc.) for transmission of SL CSI-RS can be selected based on perception (i.e., SCI decoding and RSRP measurement) and resource exclusion within a resource selection window (RSW). In time slot 1 and subchannel 3, UE A (310) and UE C (330) are shown as having been selected for their SL CSI-RS transmission (RS 1 , RS 2 ) selects the adjacent transmission comb (c 1 、c 2 ). At 350, it can be noted that the dark dashed line indicating the independent network SL CSI-RS transmission on beam b1 of UE A (310) and the light dashed line indicating the independent network SL CSI-RS transmission on beam b2 of UE C (330) are close to each other. On the other hand, in time slot 2 and subchannel 1, UE A (310) and UE C (330) are shown as having their SL CSI-RS transmissions (RS' 1 , R.S. 2 ) selects non-adjacent (in this case, maximally separated) transmission combs (c' 1 , c' 2 ). At 360, the light dashed line indicating the standalone SL CSI-RS transmission on beam b2 of UE C (330) is separated from the dark dashed line indicating the standalone SL CSI-RS transmission on beam b1 of UE A (310) at 370. Depending on the specific interference geometry (e.g., physical distance between UEs, etc.), the impact of selecting adjacent frequency resources vs. non-adjacent frequency resources for simultaneous standalone SL CSI-RS transmissions can vary.

[0042] In an example embodiment, a UE (eg, SL RX UE, SL TX UE) may determine a first radio transmission (RS 1 ) of the reserved radio resources (r 1 ) and the reserved radio resources (r 1 ) associated with the received signal strength (RSRP). In an example embodiment, the UE may determine the received signal strength (RSRP) associated with the second radio transmission (RS 2 ) of the candidate radio resources (r2 ), where the candidate radio resources (r 2 ) can be synchronized with the reserved radio resources (r 1 ) and may not overlap in frequency with the reserved radio resources (r 1 ) overlap. In an example embodiment, the UE may determine the candidate radio resources (r 2 ) relative position in frequency with respect to at least one of the following: reserved radio resources (r 1 ); for the first radio transmission (RS 1 )’s first carrier frequency (f 1 ); or will be used for the second radio transmission (RS 2 ) of the second carrier frequency (f 2 In an example embodiment, if the received signal strength (RSRP) is higher than the resource exclusion threshold (Th), the UE may select the candidate radio resource (r 2 ) from the second radio transmission (RS 2 ), where the resource exclusion threshold (Th) can be the candidate radio resource (r 2 )’s frequency.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, the first and / or second radio transmission (RS 1 , RS 2 ) can be a (CSI-)RS transmission.

[0044] In an example embodiment, after exclusion based on a resource exclusion threshold, the candidate resource set may be used, for example, for transmission of a SL positioning reference signal (SL-PRS), a SL beam management reference signal (SL CSI-RS), etc. That is, a second (radio) transmission may be sent via the candidate resources of the candidate resource set after exclusion. The resources may be selected to transmit the second transmission and / or future instances of the second transmission, which may minimize interference caused to the first transmission and / or future instances of the first transmission. The resources may be selected to transmit the second transmission and / or future instances of the second transmission, which may minimize interference caused by the first transmission and / or future instances of the first transmission.

[0045] In an example embodiment, similar to the conventional non-frequency-dependent RSRP threshold table (sl-Thres-RSRP-List), the frequency-dependent resource exclusion threshold (Th) may be specified by a new RSRP threshold table. For example, the new RSRP threshold table may include a new table dimension for capturing frequency dependency. Alternatively, a new frequency-dependent term may be added to the internal parameter Th (p i , p j ).

[0046] The reserved resources (r 1 ) may be understood to include not only the resources indicated by the decoded SCI, but also the resources indicated by the decoded SCI according to the reserved resources (r 1 ) associated resource reservation interval (P 1 ) of its future instances (e.g., in the case of periodic resource reservation for SLCSI-RS transmission).

[0047] Similarly, the candidate resource (r 2 ) can be understood as including not only the candidate resources within the resource selection window (RSW), but also the candidate resources according to the 2 ) associated resource reservation interval (P 2 ) of its future instances (e.g., in the case of periodic resource reservation for SLCSI-RS transmission).

[0048] In an example embodiment, the UE may be able to determine the first transmission (RS 1 )’s first carrier frequency (f 1 For example, the first carrier frequency (f 1 ) may be explicitly indicated in the specification or may be fixed. If yes, the UE may determine the candidate resource (r 2 ) is consistent with the first carrier frequency (f 1 ) overlap in frequency, in which case the second transmission (RS 2 ) may suffer from carrier leakage from the first transmission (RS 1 ) interference.

[0049] In an example embodiment, the UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap. For example, in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to infinity (ie, no exclusion), and in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to a predetermined value.

[0050] In an example embodiment, if the first carrier frequency (f 1 ) is known, the UE can also determine the reserved resources (r 1 ) is associated with the first image frequency (i 1 ). For example, refer to Figure 2 If the reserved resource 210 (r 1 ) corresponds to PRB 8-9, the first mirror frequency 240 (i 1 ) may correspond to PRBs 42-43. The UE may then determine the candidate resources (r 2 ) is consistent with the first image frequency (i 1 ) overlap in frequency, in which case the second transmission (RS2 ) may suffer from the first transmission (RS 1 ) interference. The UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap. For example, in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to infinity (ie, no exclusion), and in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to a predetermined value.

[0051] In an example embodiment, the UE may be able to determine the second transmission (RS 2 ) of the second carrier frequency (f 2 For example, if the UE is a (SL CSI-RS) transmitter UE (A(310), C(330)), the UE may know the second carrier frequency (f 2 ). If the UE is a (SL CSI-RS) receiver UE (B (320), D (340)), the second carrier frequency (f 2 ) may be explicitly indicated by the (SL CSI-RS) transmitter UE (A(310), C(330)). If yes, the UE may determine the reserved resources (r 1 ) is the same frequency as the second carrier frequency (f 2 ) overlap, in which case the second transmission (RS 2 ) may be due to carrier leakage to the first transmission (RS 1 ) causes interference. The UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap. For example, in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to infinity (ie, no exclusion), and in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to a predetermined value.

[0052] In an example embodiment, if the second carrier frequency (f 2 ) is known, the UE can also determine the candidate resource (r 2 ) is associated with the second image frequency (i 2 ). For example, refer to Figure 2 , if the candidate resource 210(r 2 ) corresponds to PRB 8-9, the second mirror frequency 240 (i 2 ) may correspond to PRBs 42-43. The UE may then determine the reserved resources (r 1 ) is consistent with the second image frequency (i 2 ) overlap in frequency, in which case the second transmission (RS 2 ) may be due to the emission in the I / Q image on the first transmission (RS 1) causes interference. The UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap. For example, in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to infinity (ie, no exclusion), and in the absence of overlap, the threshold may be set to a predetermined value.

[0053] Adjacency

[0054] In an example embodiment, the relative position in frequency may include the candidate radio resource (r 2 ) and reserved radio resources (r 1 ) in frequency (e.g., the number of subcarriers, the number of PRBs, the number of subchannels, etc.).

[0055] In an example embodiment, as the candidate radio resources (r 2 ) and reserved radio resources (r 1 ) decreases, the resource exclusion threshold (Th) may be decreased (ie, making resource exclusion more likely). For example, the resource exclusion threshold may be proportional to the distance in frequency.

[0056] In an example embodiment, the closer the reserved resource and the candidate resource are to each other in terms of frequency, the more likely it is that the candidate resource will be excluded from the set of candidate resources.

[0057] RS 1 Carrier leakage

[0058] In an example embodiment, the UE may determine the first carrier frequency (f 1 In addition, the UE may determine the candidate radio resources (r 2 ) is consistent with the first carrier frequency (f 1 ) overlap in frequency. In addition, the UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap determination.

[0059] RS 1 I / Q image

[0060] In an example embodiment, the UE may determine the first carrier frequency (f 1 )Determine and reserve radio resources (r 1 ) is associated with the first image frequency (i 1 Additionally, the UE may determine the candidate radio resources (r 2 ) is consistent with the first image frequency (i 1 ) overlap in frequency. Additionally, the UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap determination.

[0061] RS 2 Carrier leakage

[0062] In an example embodiment, the UE may determine the second carrier frequency (f 2 ). Additionally, the UE may determine the reserved radio resources (r 1 ) overlaps with the second carrier frequency (f2) in frequency. Additionally, the UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap determination.

[0063] RS 2 I / Q image

[0064] In an example embodiment, the UE may determine the second carrier frequency (f 2 ) to determine the candidate radio resources (r 2 ) is associated with the second image frequency (i 2 ). Additionally, the UE may determine the reserved radio resources (r 1 ) is consistent with the second image frequency (i 2 ) overlap in frequency. Additionally, the UE may determine a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the overlap determination.

[0065] In an example embodiment, resource exclusion may be applied at a (SL CSI-RS) transmitter (TX) UE (A (310), C (330)) and / or a (SLCSI-RS) receiver (RX) UE (B (320), D (340)). In the latter case, the (SL CSI-RS) receiver UE (B (320), D (340)) may apply enhanced resource exclusion when determining a preferred resource set for (SL CSI-RS) transmission by the (SL CSI-RS) transmitter UE (A (310), C (330)) (i.e., according to standard IUC scheme 1 as specified in clause 8.1.4A of 3GPP TS 38.214). In general, as specified in clause 8.1.4 of 3GPP TS 38.214, the reserved resources (r 1 ).

[0066] RS 2 RXUE

[0067] In an example embodiment, the reserved resources (r 1 ) can be obtained by measuring the received signal strength (eg, RSRP) associated with the first transmission (RS 1 ) is determined by measuring at least one signal (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH DMRS, CSI-RS, etc.) sent by the source UE. If the measurement is made by the second transmission (RS 2 ) of the expected (SL CSI-RS) receiver UE (B (320), D (340)), then the second transmission (RS 2) to perform the measurement. In this way, the actual receive beamforming gain at the intended (SL CSI-RS) receiver UE (B (320), D (340)) (i.e., the potential victim UE) can be taken into account.

[0068] RS 2 TXUE

[0069] In an example embodiment, the reserved resources (r 1 ) can be obtained by measuring the received signal strength (eg, RSRP) associated with the first transmission (RS 1 ) is determined by measuring at least one signal (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCHDMRS, PSDCH, etc.) sent by at least one destination UE. If the second transmission (RS 2 ) can be used to transmit the second transmission (RS 2 ) to perform the measurement using the beam of the (SL CSI-RS) transmitter. In this way, assuming the TX / RX beam correspondence, the actual transmit beamforming gain at the (SL CSI-RS) transmitter UE (A(310), C(330)) (i.e., the potential aggressor UE) can be taken into account.

[0070] Priority

[0071] Priorities may be used for conflict avoidance in sidelink operations. For example, some TX UEs and / or transmissions may have higher priority than other TX UEs and / or transmissions. If a transmission is high priority, candidate resources for that transmission are less likely to be excluded. In an example embodiment, if the priority of one transmission is very different from the priority of another transmission, the resource exclusion threshold may be lower than if the priority of one transmission is similar to the priority of another transmission.

[0072] In an example embodiment, the resource exclusion threshold (Th) may also depend on the first radio transmission (RS 1 ) is associated with the first priority (p 1 ) and / or with a second radio transmission (RS 2 ) is associated with the second priority (p 2 The resource exclusion threshold (Th) can be increased with the first priority (p 1 ) and the second priority (p 2 ) increases and decreases. For example, the resource exclusion threshold may be inversely proportional to the priority difference.

[0073] In an example embodiment, the resource exclusion threshold (Th) may also depend on the (SL CSI-RS) transmission priority. For example, given the first transmission (RS 1 ) is associated with the first priority (p 1 ) and the second transmission (RS 2 ) is associated with the second priority (p 2 ), when the first priority (p 1 ) and the second priority (p 2 ) are further separated (e.g., highest priority versus lowest priority), the resource exclusion threshold (Th) can be set to a lower value (thereby making resource exclusion more likely).

[0074] relaxation

[0075] The candidate resource set includes a limited number of resources. If too many resources are excluded from the candidate resource set based on the resource exclusion threshold, it may be necessary to relax the resource exclusion threshold so that fewer resources are excluded (ie, by increasing the resource exclusion threshold).

[0076] In an example embodiment, if the ratio of candidate radio resources remaining after resource exclusion is less than a configured minimum ratio (X), the resource exclusion threshold (Th) may be increased by a predefined step size (Δ). The predefined step size (Δ) may be a function of the number of times the resource exclusion threshold (Th) has been increased.

[0077] In an example embodiment, if the ratio of remaining candidate resources (after resource exclusion) is less than the configured minimum ratio (X), the frequency-dependent resource exclusion threshold (Th) may be increased by a predefined step size (Δ). In some embodiments, the predefined step size (Δ) may be a function of the number of times the resource exclusion threshold (Th) has been increased. For example, an initial step size Δ=3 dB may be used, which may then be increased to Δ=6 dB after the initial step size is applied, and so on. In this way, in congested radio channels or resource pools, the impact of IBE may be considered to a lesser extent.

[0078] RS 2 Receiver

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, RS 2 The receiver can be based on the RS 2 The transmitter measures a second received signal strength (eg, RSRP) based on a signal (eg, PSCCH / PSSCH DMRS, SL CSI-RS, etc.) received by the transmitter, and determines a resource exclusion threshold (Th) based on the second received signal strength.

[0080] In an example embodiment, the measurement of the second received signal strength (eg, RSRP) may be used to receive the second transmission (RS2 ) beam. In this way, the actual receive beamforming gain at the intended (SL CSI-RS) receiver UE (B (320), D (340)) can be taken into account.

[0081] In an example embodiment, the resource exclusion threshold may increase as the second received signal strength increases. For example, the resource exclusion threshold may be proportional to the second received signal strength. For example, if the second received signal strength is high, the threshold may be high (i.e., making exclusion less likely) because the SINR may be acceptable, or within a predetermined range.

[0082] A technical effect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be to improve UE autonomous resource selection (also referred to as Mode 2) by providing protection against in-band emissions (IBE), which may be particularly problematic for standalone SLCSI-RS (compared to PSCCH / PSSCH) in the case of comb-based multiplexing. By introducing a frequency-dependent RSRP threshold, a technical effect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be that candidate resources for SL CSI-RS transmission are excluded from resource selection if transmission in those candidate resources would cause (or suffer) significant interference due to IBE.

[0083] Figure 4 Potential steps of an exemplary method 400 are shown. The exemplary method 400 may include: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources, 410; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency, 420; determining a relative position in frequency of the at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission, 430; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being above a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource, 440. For example, the exemplary method 400 may be performed using a Tx SL UE or an Rx SL UE.

[0084] According to an example embodiment, a device may include: at least one processor; and at least one non-volatile memory, the at least one non-volatile memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least: determine reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determine at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determine a relative position of at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, exclude at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0085] At least one of the first transmission or the second transmission includes one of: a reference signal transmission, or a channel state information reference signal transmission.

[0086] The relative position of the at least one candidate resource includes a distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource.

[0087] The resource exclusion threshold decreases as the distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource decreases.

[0088] The example apparatus may be further configured to: determine a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determine a first overlap in frequency between at least one candidate resource and the first carrier frequency; and determine a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the first overlap.

[0089] The example apparatus may be further configured to: determine a first mirror frequency associated with the reserved resources based at least in part on a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determine a second overlap in frequency between at least one candidate resource and the first mirror frequency; and determine a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the second overlap.

[0090] The example apparatus may be further configured to: determine a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; determine a third overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second carrier frequency; and determine the resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the third overlap.

[0091] The example apparatus may also be configured to: determine a second mirror frequency associated with at least one candidate resource based at least in part on a second carrier frequency associated with a second transmission; determine a fourth overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second mirror frequency; and determine a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the fourth overlap.

[0092] Determining a received signal strength associated with reserved resources for a first transmission includes example apparatus configured to measure a received signal strength of at least one signal received from a source user equipment, wherein the first transmission may include a transmission from the source user equipment.

[0093] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to receive the second transmission.

[0094] Determining a received signal strength associated with reserved resources for a first transmission may include example apparatus configured to measure a received signal strength of at least one signal received from at least one destination user equipment to which the first transmission is directed.

[0095] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to transmit the second transmission.

[0096] The example apparatus may further be configured to: determine a second received signal strength by measuring at least one signal received from a source user equipment, wherein the second transmission comprises a transmission from the source user equipment; and determine the resource exclusion threshold further based on the second received signal strength.

[0097] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to receive the second transmission.

[0098] The resource exclusion threshold increases as the second received signal strength increases.

[0099] The resource exclusion threshold may be further based on at least one of: a priority of the first transmission, or a priority of the second transmission.

[0100] The resource exclusion threshold may decrease as the difference between the priority of the first transmission and the priority of the second transmission increases.

[0101] The example apparatus may be further configured to: determine a ratio between the number of candidate resources remaining in the candidate resource set after excluding at least one candidate resource and an initial number of candidate resources in the candidate resource set; and increase the resource exclusion threshold in response to the determined ratio being less than a configured minimum ratio.

[0102] The resource exclusion threshold is increased by predefined steps.

[0103] The predefined step size may be based at least in part on a number of times the resource exclusion threshold has been increased.

[0104] The reserved resources for the first transmission include one of: resources indicated by the sidelink control information, or a future instance of the reserved resources based at least in part on a resource reservation interval associated with the reserved resources.

[0105] The at least one candidate resource for the second transmission includes one of: a resource within a resource selection window, or a future instance of at least one candidate resource based at least in part on a resource reservation interval associated with the at least one candidate resource.

[0106] According to one aspect, an example method may be provided, comprising: determining, using a user device, reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position in frequency of at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0107] At least one of the first transmission or the second transmission includes one of: a reference signal transmission, or a channel state information reference signal transmission.

[0108] The relative position of the at least one candidate resource includes a distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource.

[0109] The resource exclusion threshold decreases as the distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource decreases.

[0110] The example method may further include determining a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determining a first overlap in frequency between at least one candidate resource and the first carrier frequency; and determining a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the first overlap.

[0111] The example method may further include determining a first mirror frequency associated with the reserved resource based at least in part on a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determining a second overlap in frequency between at least one candidate resource and the first mirror frequency; and determining a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the second overlap.

[0112] The example method may further include determining a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; determining a third overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second carrier frequency; and determining a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the third overlap.

[0113] The example method may also include determining a second mirror frequency associated with at least one candidate resource based at least in part on a second carrier frequency associated with a second transmission; determining a fourth overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second mirror frequency; and determining a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the fourth overlap.

[0114] Determining a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources for the first transmission may include measuring a received signal strength of at least one signal received from a source user equipment, wherein the first transmission may include a transmission from the source user equipment.

[0115] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to receive the second transmission.

[0116] Determining a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources for the first transmission may include measuring a received signal strength of at least one signal received from at least one destination user equipment to which the first transmission is directed.

[0117] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to transmit the second transmission.

[0118] The example method may also include determining a second received signal strength by measuring at least one signal received from a source user device, wherein the second transmission comprises a transmission from the source user device; and determining the resource exclusion threshold further based on the second received signal strength.

[0119] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to receive the second transmission.

[0120] The resource exclusion threshold may increase as the second received signal strength increases.

[0121] The resource exclusion threshold may be further based on at least one of: a priority of the first transmission, or a priority of the second transmission.

[0122] The resource exclusion threshold may decrease as the difference between the priority of the first transmission and the priority of the second transmission increases.

[0123] The example method may further include determining a ratio between the number of candidate resources remaining in the candidate resource set after excluding at least one candidate resource and an initial number of candidate resources in the candidate resource set; and increasing the resource exclusion threshold in response to the determined ratio being less than a configured minimum ratio.

[0124] The resource exclusion threshold is increased by predefined steps.

[0125] The predefined step size may be based at least in part on a number of times the resource exclusion threshold has been increased.

[0126] The reserved resources for the first transmission include one of: resources indicated by the sidelink control information, or a future instance of the reserved resources based at least in part on a resource reservation interval associated with the reserved resources.

[0127] The at least one candidate resource for the second transmission includes one of: a resource within a resource selection window, or a future instance of at least one candidate resource based at least in part on a resource reservation interval associated with the at least one candidate resource.

[0128] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a circuit configured to perform the following items: determine reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; the circuit is configured to perform: determine at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; the circuit is configured to perform: determine a relative position of at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following items: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and the circuit is configured to perform: in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, exclude at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0129] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuit; a storage circuit, the storage circuit including a computer program code, the storage circuit and the computer program code being configured to, using the processing circuit, cause the apparatus to: determine reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determine at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determine a relative position in frequency of at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, exclude at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0130] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware circuit implementations only (e.g., implementations only in analog and / or digital circuits), and (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (where applicable): (i) a combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware and (ii) (multiple) hardware processors with any portion of software (including (multiple) digital signal processors), software and (multiple) memories that work together to enable a device such as a mobile phone or server to perform different functions) and (c) (multiple) hardware circuits and / or (multiple) processors, such as (multiple) microprocessors or portions of (multiple) microprocessors that require software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when the software is not required for operation. This definition of "circuitry" applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or a processor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a hardware circuit or a processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, and if applicable to the particular claim element, the term circuitry also covers a baseband integrated circuit or a processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0131] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include an apparatus for: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position in frequency of the at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0132] At least one of the first transmission or the second transmission includes one of: a reference signal transmission, or a channel state information reference signal transmission.

[0133] The relative position of the at least one candidate resource includes a distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource.

[0134] The resource exclusion threshold decreases as the distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource decreases.

[0135] The component may further be configured to: determine a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determine a first overlap in frequency between at least one candidate resource and the first carrier frequency; and determine a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the first overlap.

[0136] The component may further be configured to: determine a first mirror frequency associated with the reserved resource based at least in part on a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determine a second overlap in frequency between at least one candidate resource and the first mirror frequency; and determine a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the second overlap.

[0137] The component may further be configured to: determine a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; determine a third overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second carrier frequency; and determine the resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the third overlap.

[0138] The component may further be configured to: determine a second mirror frequency associated with at least one candidate resource based at least in part on a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; determine a fourth overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second mirror frequency; and determine a resource exclusion threshold based at least in part on the fourth overlap.

[0139] The means for determining a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources for the first transmission may include means for measuring a received signal strength of at least one signal received from a source user equipment, wherein the first transmission may include a transmission from the source user equipment.

[0140] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to receive the second transmission.

[0141] The means for determining a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources for the first transmission may include means for measuring a received signal strength of at least one signal received from at least one destination user equipment to which the first transmission is directed.

[0142] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to transmit the second transmission.

[0143] The component may be further configured to: determine a second received signal strength by measuring at least one signal received from the source user equipment, wherein the second transmission comprises a transmission from the source user equipment; and determine the resource exclusion threshold further based on the second received signal strength.

[0144] The measurements may be performed using the beam that will be used to receive the second transmission.

[0145] The resource exclusion threshold may increase as the second received signal strength increases.

[0146] The resource exclusion threshold may be further based on at least one of: a priority of the first transmission, or a priority of the second transmission.

[0147] The resource exclusion threshold may decrease as the difference between the priority of the first transmission and the priority of the second transmission increases.

[0148] The component may be further configured to: determine a ratio between the number of candidate resources remaining in the candidate resource set after excluding at least one candidate resource and an initial number of candidate resources in the candidate resource set; and increase the resource exclusion threshold in response to the determined ratio being less than a configured minimum ratio.

[0149] The resource exclusion threshold is increased by predefined steps.

[0150] The predefined step size may be based at least in part on a number of times the resource exclusion threshold has been increased.

[0151] The reserved resources for the first transmission include one of: resources indicated by the sidelink control information, or a future instance of the reserved resources based at least in part on a resource reservation interval associated with the reserved resources.

[0152] The at least one candidate resource for the second transmission includes one of: a resource within a resource selection window, or a future instance of at least one candidate resource based at least in part on a resource reservation interval associated with the at least one candidate resource.

[0153] Processors, memory, and / or example algorithms (which may be encoded as instructions, programs, or codes) may be provided as example means for providing or causing operations to be performed.

[0154] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon, which, when executed using at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: determine reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determine at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determine a relative position of the at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, exclude at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0155] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon, the program instructions being used to perform at least the following items: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position of the at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and responsive to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0156] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable, non-transitory program storage device may be provided, tangibly embodying instructions executable by the machine to perform operations, the operations comprising: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position in frequency of at least one candidate resource relative to at least one of: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0157] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions, which when executed by an apparatus causes the apparatus to perform at least the following items: determine reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determine at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determine a relative position of at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, exclude at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0158] A computer-implemented system comprises: at least one processor and at least one non-volatile memory, the at least one non-volatile memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least perform: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; determining a relative position of at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of at least one candidate resource.

[0159] A computer-implemented system comprising: a component for determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; a component for determining at least one candidate resource from a set of candidate resources for a second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resources in time, and wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resources in frequency; a component for determining a relative position of the at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of the following: the reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and a component for excluding at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission in response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources being higher than a resource exclusion threshold, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

[0160] As used herein, the term "non-transitory" is a limitation of the medium itself (ie, tangible, non-signal), not a limitation on the persistence of data storage (eg, RAM versus ROM).

[0161] It should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative. Various alternatives and modifications may be devised by those skilled in the art. For example, the features described in the various dependent claims may be combined with each other in any suitable combination. In addition, features from the different embodiments described above may be selectively combined into new embodiments. Therefore, this description is intended to include all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for communication, comprising means for: determining reserved resources for a first transmission and a received signal strength associated with the reserved resources; determining at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the at least one candidate resource at least partially overlaps with the reserved resource in time, wherein the at least one candidate resource does not overlap with the reserved resource in frequency; Determining a relative position of the at least one candidate resource in frequency relative to at least one of: The reserved resources, a first carrier frequency associated with said first transmission, or a second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; and In response to the received signal strength associated with the reserved resource being above a resource exclusion threshold, excluding the at least one candidate resource from the set of candidate resources for the second transmission, wherein the resource exclusion threshold is based at least in part on the relative position of the at least one candidate resource.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first transmission or the second transmission comprises one of: Reference signal transmission, or Channel state information reference signal transmission. 3 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the relative position of the at least one candidate resource comprises a distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource. 4 . The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the resource exclusion threshold decreases as the distance in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the reserved resource decreases.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component is further configured to: determining the first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determining a first overlap in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the first carrier frequency; and The resource exclusion threshold is determined based at least in part on the first overlap.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component is further configured to: determining a first mirror frequency associated with the reserved resources based at least in part on the first carrier frequency associated with the first transmission; determining a second overlap in frequency between the at least one candidate resource and the first mirror frequency; and The resource exclusion threshold is determined based at least in part on the second overlap.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component is further configured to: determining the second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; determining a third overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second carrier frequency; and The resource exclusion threshold is determined based at least in part on the third overlap.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component is further configured to: determining a second mirror frequency associated with the at least one candidate resource based at least in part on the second carrier frequency associated with the second transmission; determining a fourth overlap in frequency between the reserved resources and the second mirror frequency; and The resource exclusion threshold is determined based at least in part on the fourth overlap.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the means configured to determine the received signal strength associated with the reserved resources for the first transmission comprises means configured to: The received signal strength of at least one signal received from a source user equipment is measured, wherein the first transmission comprises a transmission from the source user equipment.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the measuring is performed using a beam to be used to receive the second transmission.

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