Temperature-controllable thermal battery stack

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature-controllable thermal battery stack. The battery stack comprises monomer layers with different thermal gradients, an end thermal insulation body, a buffer layer, an adsorption layer, a thermal balance layer and an efficient thermal insulation layer. The axial heat of the thermal battery is uniformly distributed by adopting the distribution of the monomer layers with different gradient heat and the arrangement of the middle buffer layer A; through the arrangement of a heating body D in the end thermal insulation body, the problems that the end heat impact is large in the activation process of the thermal battery and the heat loss is fast in the later working period of the battery are solved, and long-endurance working of the thermal battery is achieved; through the arrangement of the heating body D, rapid combustion of the periphery of the cell stack and rapid activation of the thermal cell are achieved, heat supply of the cell is prolonged through slow release of slow-release heating powder, heat balance of heat of the middle heating body A to the edge is achieved through the arrangement of the heat conduction layer, and radial middle heat accumulation of the cell stack is avoided. And finally, the safety problem of thermal runaway is caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal battery positive electrode materials, and in particular relates to a temperature-controllable thermal battery stack. Background Art

[0002] Thermal battery is a heat-activated reserve battery. When stored at room temperature, the electrolyte is a non-conductive solid. When used, the heating agent inside is ignited by an activated electric ignition head or a striker mechanism, so that the electrolyte melts and becomes an ion conductor, which is activated. The storage time is theoretically unlimited, and the actual measurable value is more than 17 years. Due to its high output power, small internal resistance, wide operating temperature range, long storage time, rapid and reliable activation, and no maintenance, it has developed into an ideal power source for modern aerospace equipment.

[0003] As the power and output time of electrical equipment increase, higher and higher requirements are placed on the use of thermal batteries, and battery stacks are designed to be volume-saving and large-diameter. However, due to the uneven distribution of temperature in time and space after the thermal battery stack is activated, the number of thermal runaway safety issues during the use of thermal batteries is increasing, which brings huge challenges to the application of thermal batteries.

[0004] The patent document with announcement number CN108808031A discloses a new type of internal temperature control structure of thermal batteries, which is mainly used to improve the safety performance of thermal batteries in high-temperature working environments. It includes a temperature control body, which is placed inside the thermal battery. The temperature control body includes a sandwich body, which includes an insulating heat insulation layer and a heat absorption layer. The insulating heat insulation layer and the heat absorption layer are placed alternately up and down. The insulating heat insulation layer is multi-layered, and the insulating heat insulation layer is placed outside the heat absorption layer. The shape of the insulating heat insulation layer is a solid or through-hole disc, and the shape of the heat absorption layer is also a solid or through-hole disc. This structure is mainly a unidirectional stacking structure, which is indeed a wrapping temperature control structure on both sides. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a temperature-controllable thermal battery stack.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack provided by the present invention comprises a battery stack, an end insulation body B and an outer layer, wherein the battery stack and the end insulation body B are both arranged in the outer layer, a buffer layer A is arranged between the battery stacks to connect them, the battery stack is connected to the end insulation body B, the outer layer comprises an insulation layer A, a heat balance layer and an adsorption layer A, and the insulation layer A is connected to the adsorption layer A through the heat balance layer.

[0008] Preferably, the thermal insulation layer A, the heat balance layer and the adsorption layer A are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, the battery stack includes n monomer layers A with different thermal gradients, where 2≤n≤4, and current collectors are arranged between the monomer layers A.

[0009] Preferably, the monomer layer A includes a heating layer a, a positive electrode layer, a diaphragm layer and a negative electrode layer. The heating layer a is connected to one side of the diaphragm layer through the positive electrode layer, and the other side of the diaphragm layer is connected to the negative electrode layer. The amount of the heating layer a in different thermal gradient monomer layers A is different, and the amount of the heating layer a decreases from the end to the middle of the monomer layer A.

[0010] Preferably, the heating layer a comprises a heating body A and a heat-conducting layer, the two sides of the heating body A are respectively connected to the heat-conducting layers, the heating body A is connected to the positive electrode layer through the heat-conducting layer, and the heat-conducting layer is one or two of heat-conducting graphite, carbon fiber felt layer, metal iron sheet, copper sheet and nickel sheet.

[0011] Preferably, the heating body A includes a heating body B and a heating body C, the heating body C is ring-shaped, the inner walls of the heating body B and the heating body C are connected, the heating body B is formed by mixing sustained-release agent powder and heating powder powder, and the heating body C is formed by mixing substance B, potassium salt powder and heating powder powder.

[0012] Preferably, the sustained-release powder is sodium chloride or potassium chloride;

[0013] The heating powder comprises a mixture of substance A, Fe and KClO4, the mixing ratio of which is 1-3:82-88:12-18, and the substance A is one of KCl, NaCl, RuCl, NaF and KF;

[0014] The substance B in the heating body C: potassium salt powder: heating powder = 1-3: 1-5: 100, the substance B is Ti or Pb powder, and the potassium salt powder is KCl or KF.

[0015] Preferably, the end insulation body B includes an insulation body b, an insulation layer, an insulation layer B and a buffer layer B. The insulation layer is connected to one side of the insulation body b through the insulation layer B, and the buffer layer B is on the other side of the insulation body b. The insulation layer is made of mica sheet, the insulation layer B is made of aerogel, and the buffer layer B is made of asbestos.

[0016] Preferably, the heat-insulating body b comprises a heating body D and an adsorption layer B, and the adsorption layer B is one of LiF-LiCl-LiBr, LiF-NaF-KF, LiF-LiCl-Li2SO4, LiF-NaF-BeF2, and LiF-NaF.

[0017] Preferably, the buffer layer A is made of aerogel.

[0018] Preferably, the adsorption layer A is made of one or two of glass fiber felt, polyurethane fiber felt, aluminum silicate fiber felt, and boron nitride fiber felt.

[0019] Preferably, the heat balance layer is made of one or both of insulating boron nitride fiber paper and insulating oxidized carbon fiber paper.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The refined temperature-controlled thermal battery stack of the present invention adopts the single-layer distribution of different gradient heat and the setting of the middle buffer layer A to evenly distribute the heat in the axial direction of the thermal battery, thereby avoiding the problem of heat concentration in the middle of the traditional stack and thermal runaway; by setting the heating body D in the end insulation body, the problem of large heat shock at the end during the activation of the thermal battery and rapid heat loss in the later stage of battery operation is avoided, and the long-term operation of the thermal battery is achieved; by setting the heating body D, rapid combustion around the battery stack is achieved, and rapid activation of the thermal battery is achieved, and the heat supply of the battery is extended by the slow release of the slow-release heating powder. The setting of the heat-conductive layer achieves thermal balance of the heat of the middle heating body A to the edge, thereby avoiding the heat accumulation in the radial middle of the battery stack, which ultimately leads to the safety problem of thermal runaway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the monomer layer A of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the end insulation body B of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating layer a of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating body A of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the heating layer a of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a working curve diagram of the battery stack of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a no-load curve diagram of the large-diameter unit thermal battery of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1-heating body B, 2-heating body C, 3-heating body A, 4-heat conducting layer, 5-positive electrode layer, 6-diaphragm layer, 7-negative electrode layer, 8-insulating layer, 9-insulating layer B, 10-buffer layer B, 11-adsorption layer B, 12-insulating layer A, 13-thermal balance layer, 14-adsorption layer A, 15-buffer layer A, A-monomer layer, a-heating layer, B-end insulation body, b-insulating body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a temperature-controllable thermal battery stack includes a battery stack, an end insulation body B and an outer layer, the battery stack and the end insulation body B are both arranged in the outer layer, the outer layer can be a hollow cylindrical structure, the end insulation body B is arranged at the openings at both ends of the outer layer to insulate the battery stack in the outer layer, a buffer layer A15 is arranged between the battery stacks, the battery stack is connected to the end insulation body B, the outer layer includes an insulation layer A12, a thermal balance layer 13 and an adsorption layer A14, and the insulation layer A12 is connected to the adsorption layer A14 through the thermal balance layer 13.

[0034] Due to the different heat dissipation rates in the axial direction, the heat in the middle of the battery stack will be concentrated. The heat balance layer 13 can balance the heat in the axial direction to prevent heat concentration. After the thermal battery is activated, the diaphragm electrolyte and the Li in the negative electrode will become molten and liquid, and some of them will overflow. The adsorption layer A14 can adsorb the precipitated electrolyte and Li to prevent short circuit.

[0035] The thermal insulation layer A12, the heat balance layer 13 and the adsorption layer A14 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The battery stack includes n monomer layers A with different thermal gradients, where n=2. Current collectors are arranged between the monomer layers A.

[0036] The monomer layer A with different thermal gradients refers to the different amounts of heating materials used between different gradients. The thermal ratio of the middle part of the monomer layer A is 0.6 times that of its end. After the thermal battery is activated, the temperature of the end of the monomer layer A will be higher than the temperature in the middle. This setting can solve the problem of fast heat dissipation at the ends and concentrated heat in the middle of conventional thermal batteries, so that the thermal battery will not be unable to further output electrical energy due to heat loss in the middle and temperature drop.

[0037] The monomer layer A includes a heating layer a, a positive electrode layer 5, a diaphragm layer 6 and a negative electrode layer 7. The heating layer a is connected to one side of the diaphragm layer 6 through the positive electrode layer 5, and the other side of the diaphragm layer 6 is connected to the negative electrode layer 7. The amount of the heating layer a in the monomer layers A with different thermal gradients is different, and the amount of the heating layer a decreases from the end to the middle of the monomer layer A.

[0038] The heating layer a comprises a heating body A3 and a heat-conducting layer 4. The two sides of the heating body A3 are respectively connected to the heat-conducting layer 4. The heating body A3 is connected to the positive electrode layer 5 through the heat-conducting layer 4. The heat-conducting layer 4 is a heat-conducting graphite and a high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber felt layer. The heating layer a has a heat-balanced heating function. An adsorption layer B11 can be set on one side of the heating layer a, and its function and material are similar to those of the adsorption layer A14.

[0039] The heating body A3 includes a heating body B1 and a heating body C2. The heating body C2 is annular. The inner walls of the heating body B1 and the heating body C2 are connected. The heating body B1 is formed by mixing sustained-release agent powder and heating powder powder. The heating body C2 is formed by mixing substance B, potassium salt powder and heating powder powder.

[0040] The sustained-release powder is sodium chloride;

[0041] The heating powder comprises a mixture of substance A, Fe and KClO4, the mixing ratio of which is 1:82:12, and the substance A is KCl;

[0042] The ratio of substance B in the heating body C2: potassium salt powder: heating powder is 1:1:100, the substance B is Ti powder, and the potassium salt powder is KCl.

[0043] The end insulation body B includes an insulation body b, an insulation layer 8, an insulation layer B9 and a buffer layer B10. The insulation layer 8 is connected to one side of the insulation body b through the insulation layer B9, and the buffer layer B10 is on the other side of the insulation body b. The insulation layer 8 is made of mica sheet, the insulation layer B9 is made of aerogel, and the buffer layer B10 is made of asbestos.

[0044] The heat preservation body b comprises a heating body D and an adsorption layer B, one side of the heating body D is connected to the adsorption layer B, and the other side of the heating body D is connected to the buffer layer B10, and the adsorption layer B is LiF-LiCl-LiBr. The heating body D has a heat balance heating function.

[0045] The buffer layer A15 is made of aerogel.

[0046] The adsorption layer A14 is made of glass fiber felt and polyurethane fiber felt.

[0047] The thermal balance layer 13 is made of high thermal conductivity insulating boron nitride fiber paper.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a temperature-controllable thermal battery stack includes a battery stack, an end insulation body B and an outer layer, the battery stack and the end insulation body B are both arranged in the outer layer, the outer layer can be a hollow cylindrical structure, the end insulation body B is arranged at the openings at both ends of the outer layer to insulate the battery stack in the outer layer, a buffer layer A15 is arranged between the battery stacks, the battery stack is connected to the end insulation body B, the outer layer includes an insulation layer A12, a thermal balance layer 13 and an adsorption layer A14, and the insulation layer A12 is connected to the adsorption layer A14 through the thermal balance layer 13.

[0050] Due to the different heat dissipation rates in the axial direction, the heat in the middle of the battery stack will be concentrated. The heat balance layer 13 can balance the heat in the axial direction to prevent heat concentration. After the thermal battery is activated, the diaphragm electrolyte and the Li in the negative electrode will become molten and liquid, and some of them will overflow. The adsorption layer A14 can adsorb the precipitated electrolyte and Li to prevent short circuit.

[0051] The thermal insulation layer A12, the heat balance layer 13 and the adsorption layer A14 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The battery stack includes n monomer layers A with different thermal gradients, where n=4. Current collectors are arranged between the monomer layers A.

[0052] The monomer layer A with different thermal gradients refers to the different amounts of heating materials used between different gradients. The thermal ratio of the middle part of the monomer layer A is 0.9 times that of its end. After the thermal battery is activated, the temperature of the end of the monomer layer A will be higher than the temperature in the middle. This setting can solve the problem of fast heat dissipation at the ends and concentrated heat in the middle of conventional thermal batteries, so that the thermal battery will not be unable to further output electrical energy due to heat loss in the middle and temperature drop.

[0053] The monomer layer A includes a heating layer a, a positive electrode layer 5, a diaphragm layer 6 and a negative electrode layer 7. The heating layer a is connected to one side of the diaphragm layer 6 through the positive electrode layer 5, and the other side of the diaphragm layer 6 is connected to the negative electrode layer 7. The amount of the heating layer a in the monomer layers A with different thermal gradients is different, and the amount of the heating layer a decreases from the end to the middle of the monomer layer A.

[0054] The heating layer a comprises a heating body A3 and a heat-conducting layer 4. Both sides of the heating body A3 are connected to the heat-conducting layer 4 respectively. The heating body A3 is connected to the positive electrode layer 5 through the heat-conducting layer 4. The heat-conducting layer 4 is a heat-conducting metal iron sheet and a copper sheet. The heating layer a has a heat-balanced heating function. An adsorption layer B11 can be set on one side of the heating layer a, and its function and material are similar to those of the adsorption layer A14.

[0055] The heating body A3 includes a heating body B1 and a heating body C2. The heating body C2 is annular. The inner walls of the heating body B1 and the heating body C2 are connected. The heating body B1 is formed by mixing sustained-release agent powder and heating powder powder. The heating body C2 is formed by mixing substance B, potassium salt powder and heating powder powder.

[0056] The sustained-release agent powder is potassium chloride;

[0057] The heating powder comprises a mixture of substance A, Fe and KClO4 in a mixing ratio of 3:88:18, wherein substance A is NaCl;

[0058] The ratio of substance B in the heating body C2: potassium salt powder: heating powder is 3:5:100, the substance B is Pb powder, and the potassium salt powder is KF.

[0059] The end insulation body B includes an insulation body b, an insulation layer 8, an insulation layer B9 and a buffer layer B10. The insulation layer 8 is connected to one side of the insulation body b through the insulation layer B9, and the buffer layer B10 is on the other side of the insulation body b. The insulation layer 8 is made of mica sheet, the insulation layer B9 is made of aerogel, and the buffer layer B10 is made of asbestos.

[0060] The heat preservation body b comprises a heating body D and an adsorption layer B, one side of the heating body D is connected to the adsorption layer B, and the other side of the heating body D is connected to the buffer layer B10, and the adsorption layer B is LiF-LiCl-Li2SO4. The heating body D has a heat balance heating function.

[0061] The buffer layer A15 is made of aerogel.

[0062] The adsorption layer A14 is made of aluminum silicate fiber felt and boron nitride fiber felt.

[0063] The thermal balance layer 13 is made of highly thermally conductive insulating oxidized carbon fiber paper.

[0064] Embodiment 3:

[0065] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a temperature-controllable thermal battery stack includes a battery stack, an end insulation body B and an outer layer, the battery stack and the end insulation body B are both arranged in the outer layer, the outer layer can be a hollow cylindrical structure, the end insulation body B is arranged at the openings at both ends of the outer layer to insulate the battery stack in the outer layer, a buffer layer A15 is arranged between the battery stacks, the battery stack is connected to the end insulation body B, the outer layer includes an insulation layer A12, a thermal balance layer 13 and an adsorption layer A14, and the insulation layer A12 is connected to the adsorption layer A14 through the thermal balance layer 13.

[0066] Due to the different heat dissipation rates in the axial direction, the heat in the middle of the battery stack will be concentrated. The heat balance layer 13 can balance the heat in the axial direction to prevent heat concentration. After the thermal battery is activated, the diaphragm electrolyte and the Li in the negative electrode will become molten and liquid, and some of them will overflow. The adsorption layer A14 can adsorb the precipitated electrolyte and Li to prevent short circuit.

[0067] The thermal insulation layer A12, the heat balance layer 13 and the adsorption layer A14 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The battery stack includes n monomer layers A with different thermal gradients, where n=3. Current collectors are arranged between the monomer layers A.

[0068] The monomer layer A with different thermal gradients refers to the different amounts of heating materials used between different gradients. The thermal ratio of the middle part of the monomer layer A is 0.7 times that of its end. After the thermal battery is activated, the temperature of the end of the monomer layer A will be higher than the temperature in the middle. This setting can solve the problem of fast heat dissipation at the ends and concentrated heat in the middle of conventional thermal batteries, so that the thermal battery will not be unable to further output electrical energy due to heat loss in the middle and temperature drop.

[0069] The monomer layer A includes a heating layer a, a positive electrode layer 5, a diaphragm layer 6 and a negative electrode layer 7. The heating layer a is connected to one side of the diaphragm layer 6 through the positive electrode layer 5, and the other side of the diaphragm layer 6 is connected to the negative electrode layer 7. The amount of the heating layer a in the monomer layers A with different thermal gradients is different, and the amount of the heating layer a decreases from the end to the middle of the monomer layer A.

[0070] The heating layer a comprises a heating body A3 and a heat-conducting layer 4. Both sides of the heating body A3 are connected to the heat-conducting layer 4 respectively. The heating body A3 is connected to the positive electrode layer 5 through the heat-conducting layer 4. The heat-conducting layer 4 is a copper sheet and a nickel sheet. The heating layer a has a heat-balanced heating function. An adsorption layer B11 can be set on one side of the heating layer a, and its function and material are similar to those of the adsorption layer A14.

[0071] The heating body A3 includes a heating body B1 and a heating body C2. The heating body C2 is annular. The inner walls of the heating body B1 and the heating body C2 are connected. The heating body B1 is formed by mixing sustained-release agent powder and heating powder powder. The heating body C2 is formed by mixing substance B, potassium salt powder and heating powder powder.

[0072] The sustained-release agent powder is potassium chloride;

[0073] The heating powder comprises a mixture of substance A, Fe and KClO4 in a mixing ratio of 2:84:16, and the substance A is NaF;

[0074] The ratio of substance B in the heating body C2: potassium salt powder: heating powder is 2:3:100, the substance B is Ti powder, and the potassium salt powder is KCl.

[0075] The end insulation body B includes an insulation body b, an insulation layer 8, an insulation layer B9 and a buffer layer B10. The insulation layer 8 is connected to one side of the insulation body b through the insulation layer B9, and the buffer layer B10 is on the other side of the insulation body b. The insulation layer 8 is made of mica sheet, the insulation layer B9 is made of aerogel, and the buffer layer B10 is made of asbestos.

[0076] The heat preservation body b comprises a heating body D and an adsorption layer B, one side of the heating body D is connected to the adsorption layer B, and the other side of the heating body D is connected to the buffer layer B10, and the adsorption layer B is LiF-NaF-BeF2. The heating body D has a heat balance heating function.

[0077] The buffer layer A15 is made of aerogel.

[0078] The adsorption layer A14 is made of aluminum silicate fiber felt and boron nitride fiber felt.

[0079] The thermal balance layer 13 is made of high thermal conductivity insulating boron nitride fiber paper.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The battery stack prepared using existing technology has the same heating capacity design for the axial and longitudinal monomer layers of the stack, the heating body is a mixture of Fe powder and KClO4, and heating plates are used at the ends for insulation.

[0082] Taking Example 3 as the best example, the battery stacks prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested. Figure 7 , 8 shown. Figure 7 It can be seen that after the battery stack has been working for a long time, the voltage of the battery stack prepared in Comparative Example 1 first decreases. Figure 8 In the no-load state of the large-diameter unit thermal battery, the voltage of the battery prepared in Comparative Example 1 was greatly disturbed in a shorter time than that of the battery prepared in Example 3, and a short circuit occurred in the battery pack.

Claims

1. A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery stack, an end insulation body B and an outer layer, wherein the battery stack and the end insulation body B are both arranged inside the outer layer, a buffer layer A (15) is arranged between the battery stacks to connect them, the battery stack is connected to the end insulation body B, the outer layer comprises an insulation layer A (12), a heat balance layer (13) and an adsorption layer A (14), and the insulation layer A (12) is connected to the adsorption layer A (14) via the heat balance layer (13).

2. A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer A (12), the heat balance layer (13) and the adsorption layer A (14) are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The battery stack includes n monomer layers A with different thermal gradients, where 2≤n≤4, and current collectors are arranged between the monomer layers A.

3. A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The monomer layer A comprises a heating layer a, a positive electrode layer (5), a diaphragm layer (6) and a negative electrode layer (7); the heating layer a is connected to one side of the diaphragm layer (6) via the positive electrode layer (5); the other side of the diaphragm layer (6) is connected to the negative electrode layer (7); the amount of the heating layer a in the monomer layers A with different thermal gradients is different, and the amount of the heating layer a decreases from the end to the middle of the monomer layer A.

4. A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The heating layer a comprises a heating body A (3) and a heat-conducting layer (4), the two sides of the heating body A (3) are respectively connected to the heat-conducting layer (4), the heating body A (3) is connected to the positive electrode layer (5) through the heat-conducting layer (4), and the heat-conducting layer (4) is one or two of heat-conducting graphite, a carbon fiber felt layer, a metal iron sheet, a copper sheet and a nickel sheet.

5. A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The heating body A (3) comprises a heating body B (1) and a heating body C (2), wherein the heating body C (2) is annular, and the inner walls of the heating body B (1) and the heating body C (2) are connected, the heating body B (1) is formed by mixing a sustained-release agent powder and a heating powder powder, and the heating body C (2) is formed by mixing a substance A, a potassium salt powder and a heating powder powder.

6. A temperature-controllable thermal battery stack as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The sustained-release powder is sodium chloride or potassium chloride; The heating powder comprises a mixture of substance B, Fe and KClO4, the mixing ratio of which is 1-3:82-88:12-18, and the substance B is one of KCl, NaCl, RuCl, NaF and KF; The substance B in the heating body C (2): potassium salt powder: heating powder = 1-3: 1-5: 100, the substance A is Ti or Pb powder, and the potassium salt powder is KCl or KF.

7. The temperature-controllable thermal battery stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end insulation body B comprises an insulation body b, an insulation layer (8), an insulation layer B (9) and a buffer layer B (10); the insulation layer (8) is connected to one side of the insulation body b through the insulation layer B (9); the buffer layer B (10) is on the other side of the insulation body b; the insulation layer (8) is made of mica sheet, the insulation layer B (9) is made of aerogel, and the buffer layer B (10) is made of asbestos.

8. The temperature-controllable thermal battery stack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat preservation body b includes a heating body D and an adsorption layer B, and the adsorption layer B is one of LiF-LiCl-LiBr, LiF-NaF-KF, LiF-LiCl-Li2SO4, LiF-NaF-BeF2, and LiF-NaF.

9. The temperature-controllable thermal battery stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the adsorption layer A (14) is one or two of glass fiber felt, polyurethane fiber felt, aluminum silicate fiber felt, and boron nitride fiber felt, and the material of the buffer layer A (15) is aerogel.

10. The temperature-controllable thermal battery stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the heat balance layer (13) is one or both of insulating boron nitride fiber paper and insulating oxidized carbon fiber paper.

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