Three-dimensional shock isolation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional seismic isolation device, and relates to the technical field of structural seismic isolation. The three-dimensional shock isolation device comprises a vertical recovery component and a vertical shock isolation component, wherein the vertical recovery component comprises a positive stiffness component of a sliding rod structure and a negative stiffness component of a hinge rod structure; the horizontal direction recovery component is of a hollow columnar structure, and an elastic piece composed of a spoke elastic piece and an elastic interlayer is arranged in the horizontal direction recovery component; and the limiting component adopts a tensile laminated plate structure. The vertical restoring members are connected in parallel through the positive and negative stiffness members, and the positive and negative stiffness combination enables the vertical restoring force to be nonlinear and to be decoupled from the nonlinear restoring force in the horizontal direction. And the tensile laminated plates provide limiting in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the damping performance is achieved when three-dimensional vibration is generated in all directions, and when more than three devices are used in cooperation, the damping effect on six-axis vibration is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of structural seismic isolation, and in particular to a three-dimensional seismic isolation device. Background Art

[0002] Heavy precision equipment or precious cultural relics are easily damaged by tipping over or colliding with each other under the action of earthquakes. When it is impossible to fill a large amount of flexible fillers around the equipment or items due to the use conditions, three-dimensional seismic isolation bearings are needed to reduce the damage caused by vibrations in all directions. Three-dimensional seismic isolation bearings composed of multiple rubber seismic isolation bearings are expensive and huge in size; three-dimensional seismic isolation bearings composed of rubber and disc springs and three-dimensional seismic isolation bearings composed of skateboards and disc springs are expensive, difficult to install, large in size, small in vertical deformation, not tensile, with large stiffness differences in all directions and excessive dynamic stiffness; three-dimensional seismic isolation bearings woven with basket-shaped metal strips have limited bearing capacity, and the relationship between displacement and force is unclear. There is an urgent need for a small, low-cost, easy-to-install, clear force, sufficient bearing capacity, large displacement range, low dynamic stiffness, and easy-to-design three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a three-dimensional seismic isolation device with strong recovery ability, relatively easy installation and small size. The specific technical solution is:

[0004] A three-dimensional seismic isolation device, comprising:

[0005] A vertical recovery member, the vertical recovery member includes a central sleeve shaft and a hollow sleeve shaft connected in a sliding manner, the top end of the central sleeve shaft is connected to the top plate, the bottom end is inserted into the hollow sleeve shaft, the top end of the hollow sleeve shaft is connected to the middle plate, and the bottom end of the hollow sleeve shaft is connected to the bottom plate in a rolling or sliding manner;

[0006] A plurality of sleeve shafts are arranged on the periphery of the central sleeve shaft, a sleeve is arranged on the outer sliding sleeve of the sleeve shaft, the top end of the sleeve is connected to the top plate, the bottom end of the sleeve shaft is connected to the middle plate, a vertical spring is arranged on the outer sleeve of the sleeve shaft and the sleeve shaft, and the vertical spring is located between the top plate and the middle plate;

[0007] The vertical restoring member also includes a pre-stressed spring obliquely arranged around the central sleeve shaft, and both ends of the pre-stressed spring are hinged to form a hinged rod structure;

[0008] A horizontal restoration member, the horizontal restoration member comprises a radial columnar shell located between the middle plate and the bottom plate, the radial columnar shell is hollow, and multiple layers of elastic members are arranged therein, each layer of elastic members comprises multiple spoke elastic members and multiple elastic interlayers, the spoke elastic members and the elastic interlayers are arranged at intervals to form an annular array, surrounding the hollow sleeve and the radial columnar shell;

[0009] The limiting component includes a middle-layer cylinder and a tensile laminate. The middle-layer cylinder is tightly attached to the radial columnar shell, and the tensile laminate is stacked between the bottom of the middle-layer cylinder and the bottom of the hollow sleeve.

[0010] When the fixed end of the outer sleeve shaft is displaced vertically relative to the sleeve tube, the vertical spring is compressed and / or stretched, and the preload spring is released at the same time, and a force opposite to the vertical spring force is provided through the connecting rod. When the fixed end of the central sleeve shaft is displaced horizontally relative to the radial columnar shell, the central sleeve shaft drives the hollow sleeve tube, and the hollow sleeve tube drives the spoke elastic member and the elastic interlayer to displace and deform, and is compressed and / or stretched. The limiting component plays a limiting role in both horizontal and vertical directions.

[0011] Optionally, the periphery of the center sleeve shaft is provided with an upper enclosure and a lower enclosure, and the two can slide relative to each other, the upper enclosure is connected to the top plate, and the lower enclosure is connected to the middle plate; center bearings are symmetrically provided on both sides of the center sleeve shaft, and the lower enclosure is provided with end bearings positioned lower than the center bearing, and a preload spring is provided between the center bearing and the end bearing, and the lower enclosures on both sides are connected by an enclosure pull rod.

[0012] Optionally, a rectangular flange is provided on the central sleeve shaft, a central bearing is fixed on both sides of the rectangular flange, the central bearings on both sides are connected by a horizontal connecting rod, a T-bearing is sleeved on the horizontal connecting rod at the edge, one end of the vertical connecting rod is connected to the T-bearing, and the other end is connected to the top plate. The compressive strength of the vertical recovery member is further improved by the rectangular flange, the horizontal connecting rod, the enclosure tie rod and other components.

[0013] Optionally, a lubrication guide is provided between the central sleeve shaft and the hollow sleeve, and a lubrication guide is provided between the upper enclosure and the lower enclosure.

[0014] Optionally, the radial columnar shell includes a rectangular column, a thick-walled cylinder and a thick-layer circular ring plate, the rectangular column is radially arranged outside the thick-walled cylinder, and the thick-layer circular ring plate is buckled on the rectangular column and the thick-walled cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, a thrust bearing and a wear-resistant plate are provided between the thick-layer circular ring plate and the middle-layer plate.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the spoke elastic member is connected to the middle barrel close to the radial columnar shell, and the other end is connected to the hollow sleeve. The spoke elastic member and the elastic interlayer are both arc-shaped, the elastic interlayer is made of soft material, and the elastic interlayer is placed between adjacent spoke elastic members.

[0017] Optionally, the annular tensile-resistant stack is formed by stacking circular ring plates with decreasing radii and the same ring width from top to bottom, and hollow low-friction plates are arranged on the stacked circular ring plates at intervals and in sliding contact with the circular ring plates.

[0018] Optionally, the middle cylinder is composed of a thin-walled cylinder and thin-walled ring plates at the upper and lower ends, an inverted T-shaped extension plate is provided at the bottom of the hollow sleeve, the upper plate of the annular tensile stack is close to the lower edge of the thin-walled ring plate at the lower end of the middle cylinder, and the lower plate is close to the upper edge of the inverted T-shaped extension plate of the hollow sleeve.

[0019] Optionally, a thrust bearing and a wear-resistant plate are provided between the inverted T-shaped extension plate of the hollow sleeve and the bottom plate, so that sliding contact is formed between the bottom of the hollow sleeve and the bottom plate.

[0020] The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: the present application is installed under heavy equipment or in a building structure. If a single device is used alone, the vertical restoring force member supports the deadweight of the upper structure of the building and reduces vertical vibration; the horizontal restoring member provides horizontal restoring force, and the annular tensile stack provides horizontal and vertical limiting. A single device can produce a three-dimensional shock absorption effect under three-axis translational vibration; if more than three devices are evenly arranged in a plane or in a three-dimensional space and used together, the device group can produce a six-dimensional shock absorption effect under three-axis translational plus three-axis rotational vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the axonometric diagram of the AA section of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view structural axonometric diagram of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the CC cross section of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a top-view structural axonometric diagram of the CC section of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the DD cross-section structure of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a top view structural axonometric diagram of the DD section of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the BB section of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0030] Fig.10 It is the axonometric diagram of the BB section of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device in this application;

[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the spoke elastic member and the elastic member sandwich in the present application;

[0032] Fig.12 It is an axonometric view of the top view structure of the spoke elastic member and the elastic member sandwich in the present application;

[0033] Fig.13 This is the axonometric view of the middle barrel in this application after disassembly;

[0034] Fig.14 It is an axonometric view of the disassembled tensile stack in this application.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1-center sleeve, 2-hollow sleeve, 3-sleeve, 4-sleeve, 5-vertical spring, 6-preload spring, 7-center bearing, 8-end bearing, 9-step circular flange, 10-rectangular flange, 11-annular circular flange, 12-horizontal connecting rod, 13-T-bearing, 14-vertical connecting rod, 15-upper enclosure, 16-lower enclosure, 17-lubricating guide, 18-thrust bearing, 19-wear-resistant plate, 20-spoke elastic part, 21-elastic interlayer, 22-top plate, 23-middle plate, 24-bottom plate, 25-radial columnar shell, 26-middle barrel, 27-tensile stacking plate, 28-low friction plate, 29-enclosure pull rod, 30-thick circular ring plate, 31-upper structure, 32-lower structure, 33-rectangular column, 34-thick-walled barrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a three-dimensional seismic isolation device includes a basic support part, which is composed of a top plate 22, a middle plate 23 and a bottom plate 24 from top to bottom. When installed and used, the three-dimensional seismic isolation device is fixedly installed in a building structure or under a device, such as Figure 1 As shown, after installation, the top plate 22 of the device is fixed to the upper structure 31, and the bottom plate 24 is fixed to the lower structure 32, which plays a three-dimensional shock-absorbing role on the protected object. This is achieved specifically through the following structures:

[0039] A vertical restoring member, which is a positive stiffness member mainly formed by a sliding rod structure, mainly includes a central sleeve shaft 1 and a hollow sleeve tube 2 which are connected in a sliding manner. The top end of the central sleeve shaft 1 is connected to the top plate 22, and the bottom end is inserted into the hollow sleeve tube 2. The top end of the hollow sleeve tube 2 is connected to the middle plate 23, and the bottom end of the hollow sleeve tube 2 is connected to the bottom plate 24 in a rolling or sliding manner. A plurality of sleeve shafts 3 are arranged on the periphery of the central sleeve shaft 1, and a sleeve tube 4 is arranged on the outside of the sleeve shaft 3 in a sliding manner. The top end of the sleeve tube 4 is connected to the top plate 22, and the bottom end of the sleeve shaft 3 is connected to the middle plate 23. A vertical spring 5 is arranged on the outside of the sleeve shaft 3 and the sleeve tube 4, and the vertical spring 5 is located between the top plate 22 and the middle plate 23.

[0040] The vertical restoring member also adopts a negative stiffness member in the form of an articulated rod, which mainly includes a pre-stressed spring 6 obliquely arranged around the central sleeve shaft 1, and both ends of the pre-stressed spring 6 are hinged to form an articulated rod structure.

[0041] A horizontal restoration member, the horizontal restoration member includes a radial columnar shell 25 located between the middle plate 23 and the bottom plate 24, the radial columnar shell 25 is hollow, and multiple layers of elastic members are arranged therein, each layer of elastic members includes multiple spoke elastic members 20 and multiple elastic interlayers 21, the spoke elastic members 20 and the elastic interlayers 21 are arranged at intervals to form an annular array, surrounding the hollow sleeve 2 and the radial columnar shell 25;

[0042] The limiting component includes a middle cylinder 26 and a tensile plate 27 ; the middle cylinder 26 is tightly attached to the radial columnar shell 25 , and the tensile plate 27 is stacked between the bottom of the middle cylinder 26 and the bottom of the hollow sleeve 2 .

[0043] When the above three-dimensional seismic isolation device is in use, the vertical restoring force member supports the deadweight of the upper structure and reduces vertical vibration. When the top plate 22 connected to the upper structure 31 and the bottom plate 24 connected to the lower structure 32 undergo a vertical displacement of compression, the top plate 22 presses the sleeve shaft 3 and the center sleeve shaft 1 downward, and the vertical spring 5 between the top plate 22 and the middle plate 23 is compressed. The deadweight of the upper structure 31 is carried by the vertical spring 5. The center sleeve shaft 1 extends downward into the hollow sleeve 2, and the hollow sleeve 2 squeezes the bottom plate 24 to transfer the pressure to the lower structure 32. When the top plate 22 and the bottom plate 24 undergo a vertical displacement of tension, the vertical spring 5 is stretched. When a vertical displacement of compression or tension occurs, the center sleeve shaft 1 drives the preload spring 6 to compress or release the preload, providing a force in the opposite direction to the action direction of the vertical spring 5.

[0044] The horizontal restoring member provides a horizontal restoring force. When the fixed end of the center sleeve shaft 1 is displaced in the horizontal direction relative to the radial columnar shell 25, the center sleeve shaft 1 drives the hollow sleeve 2, and the hollow sleeve 2 drives the spoke elastic member 20 and the elastic interlayer 21 to displace and deform, and are compressed and / or stretched.

[0045] The tensile stack provides horizontal and vertical limiting. When the upper structure 31 and the lower structure 32 move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, the hollow sleeve 2 drives the lower plate of the tensile stack 27, and the lower plate slides horizontally relative to the upper plate. When the outer diameter of the lower plate contacts the inner diameter of the radial columnar shell 25, the limit position of horizontal movement is reached. The vertical limit is mainly as follows: when vertical displacement occurs, the middle plate 23 pulls the hollow sleeve 2 upward, the bottom of the hollow sleeve 2 presses the lower plate of the tensile stack 27 upward, transmits force to the upper plate of the tensile stack 27, and continues to transmit force upward to the middle cylinder 26 close to the radial columnar shell 25, the middle cylinder 26 presses the radial columnar shell 25 and transmits force to the radial columnar shell 25, the radial columnar shell 25 is connected to the bottom plate 24, and finally limits the maximum vertical displacement of the upper structure 31 from the lower structure 32, and the limit position of the vertical movement is limited by the height of the sleeve 2 and the thickness of the vertical spring 5. It also limits the swing of the upper structure 31 relative to the lower structure 32.

[0046] In order to facilitate the installation and adjustment of the vertical recovery member and make it independent of the horizontal recovery member, the following combination is designed: the upper end of the central sleeve shaft 1 is threaded and anchored with the stepped circular center flange 9, the stepped circular flange 9 is bolted to the top plate 22, and the outer surface of the bottom end of the central sleeve shaft 1 is smooth and in sliding contact with the inner side of the hollow sleeve 2. The top of the hollow sleeve 2 is threadedly fixed with the annular flange 11, the annular flange 11 is bolted to the middle plate 23, the top surface of the hollow sleeve 2 is just flush with the middle plate 23, and the central sleeve shaft 1 is inserted from the top surface opening of the hollow sleeve 2. The two ends of the vertical spring 5 can be connected to the top plate 22 and the middle plate 23 in a variety of ways such as welding, riveting, etc.

[0047] An upper enclosure 15 and a lower enclosure 16 are provided on the periphery of the central sleeve shaft 1, and the two can slide relative to each other, as shown in the figure, to form a square enclosure. The sleeve shaft 3 and the sleeve pipe 4 are distributed on the periphery of the formed square enclosure. In order to maintain the overall balance and shock absorption effect, the sliding rod positive stiffness components formed by the sleeve shaft 3, the sleeve pipe 4 and the vertical spring 5 are evenly arranged as required. The upper enclosure 15 is connected to the top plate 22, and the lower enclosure 16 is connected to the middle plate 23; the central sleeve shaft 1 is symmetrically provided with a central bearing 7 on both sides, and the lower enclosure 16 is provided with an end bearing 8 whose position is lower than the central bearing 7. A preload spring 6 is provided between the central bearing 7 and the end bearing 8, and the lower enclosures 16 on both sides are connected by an enclosure pull rod 29. Among them, the central bearing 7 and the end bearing 8 are both P ear bearings, and the number can be set in multiple rows according to the needs. When the central bearing 7 and the end bearing 8 produce relative displacement in the vertical direction, the bearing center connection line changes the angle, driving the preload spring 6 to compress or release the pressure. Through the protection of enclosures and top and middle slabs, the vertical restoration components form an independent and compression-resistant whole.

[0048] Specifically, a lubrication guide 17 is provided between the center sleeve shaft 1 and the hollow sleeve 2, which is specifically cylindrical. A lubrication guide 17 is also provided between the upper enclosure 15 and the lower enclosure 16, which is sheet-shaped. When the center sleeve shaft 1 and the hollow sleeve 2 slide relative to each other, relative sliding will also occur between the upper enclosure 15 and the lower enclosure 16. The lubrication guide 17 makes the sliding more stable and smooth.

[0049] Specifically, the upper part of the central sleeve shaft 1 is also provided with threads, and a rectangular flange 10 is installed. The central bearing 7 is fixed on both sides of the rectangular flange 10. The central bearings 7 on both sides are connected by a horizontal connecting rod 12. A T-shaped bearing 13 is sleeved on the edge of the horizontal connecting rod 12. One end of the vertical connecting rod 14 is connected to the T-shaped bearing 13, and the other end is connected to the top plate 22. In this way, the overall stability and compression resistance of the negative stiffness component are improved.

[0050] The radial columnar housing 25 in the horizontal restoration member can be specifically configured to be composed of a rectangular column 33 with upper and lower screw holes, a thick-walled barrel 34 with upper and lower screw holes, and a thick-layer circular ring plate 30 with countersunk holes, wherein the rectangular column 33 is radially arranged around the thick-walled barrel 34, and the thick-layer circular ring plate 30 is buckled on the rectangular column 33 and the thick-walled barrel 34. A thrust bearing 18 and a wear-resistant plate 19 are arranged between the thick-layer circular ring plate 30 and the middle plate 23, wherein the thrust bearing 18 is annular.

[0051] Considering that the elastic parts are customized products, they need to be adjusted according to the quality of the superstructure 31, the cost of the support, etc., and they need to be maintained or replaced later, so a fixing method that is more convenient for replacement is designed. One end of the spoke elastic part 20 is connected to the middle barrel 26 that is close to the radial columnar shell 25, and the other end is connected to the hollow sleeve 2. The spoke elastic parts 20 and the elastic interlayer 21 are both arc-shaped, and the elastic interlayer 21 is made of soft material. The elastic interlayer 21 is placed between adjacent spoke elastic parts 20 and connected to form an annular array. The spoke elastic parts 20 and the elastic interlayer 21 can be connected in a variety of ways, such as vulcanization, snap-on connection, and other connection methods. In order to facilitate the inspection and replacement of the elastic interlayer 21, a fixing method that is convenient for processing and installation is proposed below, such as Figure 11-12 As shown, the elastic interlayer 21 is hollow, and is formed by digging a hole in the middle of an arc-shaped wide strip of soft material to form a peripheral long strip plate and a middle tension and compression short plate. Each buckle buckles the adjacent long strip plates of the adjacent elastic interlayer 21, and the spoke elastic member 20 is clamped in the middle of the adjacent long strip plates, which is easier to fix and maintain. The spoke elastic member 20 absorbs vibration energy through bending deformation and the elastic interlayer 21 softly deforms to buffer vibration.

[0052] Further considering the existence of assembly stress, in order to facilitate transportation, installation and disassembly, a fixing method that is conducive to installation is proposed below, such as Fig.13As shown, the middle cylinder 26 is composed of a thin-walled cylinder and thin-walled ring plates at the upper and lower ends. The thin-walled ring plates are provided with two rows of connecting holes. One row of holes is used to screw the thin-walled ring plates and the thin-walled cylinder, and the other row of holes is used to connect the thick ring plate 30 of the radial columnar shell 25.

[0053] For the tensile laminate 27, Fig.14 As shown, it is formed by stacking circular ring plates with decreasing radius and the same ring width from top to bottom, and hollow low-friction plates 28 are sleeved on the stacked circular ring plates at intervals and in sliding contact with the circular ring plates. An inverted T-shaped extension plate is provided at the bottom of the hollow sleeve 2 to further limit the vertical displacement. The upper plate of the annular tensile stack 27 is close to the lower edge of the thin-walled ring plate at the lower end of the middle cylinder 26, and the lower plate is close to the upper edge of the inverted T-shaped extension plate of the hollow sleeve 2. A thrust bearing 18 and a wear-resistant plate 19 are provided between the inverted T-shaped extension plate of the hollow sleeve 2 and the bottom plate 24, so that sliding contact is formed between the bottom of the hollow sleeve 2 and the bottom plate 24, wherein the thrust bearing 18 is circular. When the upper structure 31 and the lower structure 32 move in the horizontal direction relative to each other, the hollow sleeve 2 drives the lower plate of the limiting annular stack 27, and the lower plate slides in the horizontal direction relative to the upper plate. When the outer diameter of the lower plate contacts the inner diameter of the radial columnar shell 25, the limit position of horizontal movement is reached. According to the size of the support, there are many options for the number and thickness of the tensile stack 27. The limit position of horizontal movement is limited by the width of the annular belt of the tensile stack 27. This design enables it to adapt to multiple horizontal displacements and limit vertical displacement at the same time. It can adapt to vibration energy from three-dimensional and multi-directional directions, and is particularly suitable for three-dimensional seismic isolation during earthquakes. Moreover, the above-mentioned three-dimensional seismic isolation device can be used alone or in combination according to actual conditions to produce the best shock absorption effect.

[0054] When installing, we are only stating the best implementation scheme here without any limitation on the scope of protection.

[0055] The seismic isolation bearing has a clear and concise mechanism, clear functional division of each component, reasonable structure, easier control of manufacturing process, and guaranteed quality. It provides a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing with excellent seismic isolation effect, reliable quality, long service life, low cost, and easy replacement.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional seismic isolation device, characterized in that: include: A vertical recovery member, the vertical recovery member comprises a central sleeve (1) and a hollow sleeve (2) which are slidably connected, the top end of the central sleeve (1) is connected to a top plate (22), the bottom end is inserted into the hollow sleeve (2), the top end of the hollow sleeve (2) is connected to a middle plate (23), and the bottom end of the hollow sleeve (2) is connected to a bottom plate (24) by rolling or sliding; A plurality of sleeve shafts (3) are arranged on the periphery of the central sleeve shaft (1), a sleeve (4) is slidably sleeved outside the sleeve shaft (3), the top end of the sleeve tube (4) is connected to the top plate (22), and the bottom end of the sleeve shaft (3) is connected to the middle plate (23), a vertical spring (5) is sleeved outside the sleeve shaft (3) and the sleeve tube (4), and the vertical spring (5) is located between the top plate (22) and the middle plate (23); The vertical restoring member further comprises a pre-stressed spring (6) arranged obliquely around the central sleeve shaft (1), and both ends of the pre-stressed spring (6) are hinged to form a hinged rod structure; A horizontal restoration member, the horizontal restoration member comprising a radial columnar shell (25) located between a middle plate (23) and a bottom plate (24), the radial columnar shell (25) being hollow and having multiple layers of elastic members arranged therein, each layer of elastic members comprising a plurality of spoke elastic members (20) and a plurality of elastic interlayers (21), the spoke elastic members (20) and the elastic interlayers (21) being arranged at intervals to form an annular array, surrounding between the hollow sleeve (2) and the radial columnar shell (25); The limiting component comprises a middle cylinder (26) and a tensile cladding (27); the middle cylinder (26) is tightly attached to the radial columnar outer shell (25), and the tensile cladding (27) is stacked between the bottom of the middle cylinder (26) and the bottom of the hollow sleeve (2).

2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periphery of the central sleeve shaft (1) is provided with an upper enclosure (15) and a lower enclosure (16), and the two can slide relative to each other. The upper enclosure (15) is connected to the top plate (22), and the lower enclosure (16) is connected to the middle plate (23); central bearings (7) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the central sleeve shaft (1), and the lower enclosure (16) is provided with an end bearing (8) located lower than the central bearing (7), and a preload spring (6) is provided between the central bearing (7) and the end bearing (8), and the lower enclosures (16) on both sides are connected by enclosure pull rods (29).

3. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central sleeve shaft (1) is provided with a rectangular flange (10), the central bearing (7) is fixed on both sides of the rectangular flange (10), the central bearings (7) on both sides are connected by a horizontal connecting rod (12), a T-shaped bearing (13) is sleeved on the edge of the horizontal connecting rod (12), one end of the vertical connecting rod (14) is connected to the T-shaped bearing (13), and the other end is connected to the top plate (22).

4. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lubricating guide (17) is provided between the central sleeve shaft (1) and the hollow sleeve (2), and a lubricating guide (17) is provided between the upper enclosure (15) and the lower enclosure (16).

5. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial columnar housing (25) comprises a rectangular column (33), a thick-walled cylinder (34) and a thick-layer circular ring plate (30); the rectangular column (33) is radially arranged around the thick-walled cylinder (34); and the thick-layer circular ring plate (30) is buckled onto the rectangular column (33) and the thick-walled cylinder (34).

6. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A thrust bearing (18) and a wear-resistant plate (19) are provided between the thick-layer circular ring plate (30) and the middle-layer plate (23).

7. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spoke elastic member (20) is connected to a middle cylinder (26) closely attached to the radial columnar shell (25), and the other end is connected to the hollow sleeve (2). The spoke elastic member (20) and the elastic interlayer (21) are both in the shape of arc strips. The elastic interlayer (21) is made of soft material. The elastic interlayer (21) is placed between adjacent spoke elastic members (20).

8. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile stack (27) is formed by stacking circular ring plates with decreasing radii and the same ring width from top to bottom, and hollow low-friction plates (28) are sleeved on the stacked circular ring plates at intervals and in sliding contact with the circular ring plates.

9. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The middle cylinder (26) is composed of a thin-walled cylinder and thin-walled ring plates at the upper and lower ends. An inverted T-shaped extension plate is provided at the bottom of the hollow sleeve (2). The upper plate of the tensile stack (27) is in close contact with the lower edge of the thin-walled ring plate at the lower end of the middle cylinder (26), and the lower plate is in close contact with the upper edge of the inverted T-shaped extension plate of the hollow sleeve (2).

10. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A thrust bearing (18) and a wear-resistant plate (19) are provided between the inverted T-shaped extension plate of the hollow sleeve (2) and the bottom plate (24), so that sliding contact is formed between the bottom of the hollow sleeve (2) and the bottom plate (24).

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