A pesticide composition containing pyraclostrobin and metalaxyl-m and its use

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of pesticide insecticide and fungicide technology, and discloses a pesticide composition containing fluopyram and metalaxyl, and its application. The pesticide composition comprises a fungicide and an insecticide, wherein the fungicide is fluopyram and metalaxyl, and the insecticide is fluchlorantraniliprole. The pesticide composition of this invention rationally combines compounds with different mechanisms of action, and the combination of these components exhibits a significant synergistic effect, effectively controlling plant diseases and pests, reducing the frequency and dosage of pesticide application, lowering agricultural production costs, extending the service life of single agents, and delaying the development of pathogen and pest resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pesticide insecticide and fungicide technology, and discloses a pesticide composition containing fluopyram and metalaxyl and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Pydiflumetofen, a novel pyridine amide fungicide, is a broad-spectrum and highly effective inhibitor of pathogenic respiration. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with the tricarboxylic acid cycle in respiratory electron transport complex II, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial function, preventing energy production, suppressing pathogen growth, and ultimately leading to pathogen death.

[0003] Metalaxy-M, also known as high-efficiency metalaxyl, is an amide fungicide and the world's first commercially available fungicide with stereochemical activity. It can be used for seed, soil, and foliar treatments. Metalaxy-M is a systemic inhibitor of ribosomal RNA synthesis.

[0004] Fluchlordiniliprole is a novel diamide insecticide with an o-formamide benzamide structure. Fluchlordiniliprole is mainly a stomach poison and has good control efficacy against a variety of lepidopteran, thalassopteran, and some piercing-sucking pests.

[0005] Currently, the most economical and effective method for controlling plant seedling diseases and pests is seed treatment. Seed treatment agents are pesticide formulations made from pesticide technicals (insecticides, fungicides, etc.), fertilizers, growth regulators, film-forming agents, and supporting adjuvants through a specific process. They can be applied directly or after dilution to the seed surface, forming a protective film with a certain strength and permeability. They have significant effects in killing underground pests, preventing seed-borne diseases and seedling diseases, promoting healthy seedling growth and development, improving crop quality, increasing seed germination rate, reducing seed usage, and increasing yield. Therefore, the applicant has combined fungicides with different mechanisms of action, such as fluopyram and metalaxyl, with the insecticide fluchlorfenapyr in a reasonable mass ratio and conducted indoor and field efficacy tests to clarify the control effect and safety of this pesticide composition on seedling diseases and pests, aiming to provide scientific guidance for the control of various plant seedling diseases and pests and the promotion and use of seed treatment agents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a pesticide composition containing fluopyram and metalaxyl and its application. This pesticide composition has a significant synergistic effect on a variety of plant diseases and pests, expands the insecticidal and fungicidal spectrum, and allows for the prevention of both diseases and pests with a single application, effectively reducing pesticide usage and the number of applications, thereby alleviating environmental pressure and reducing agricultural production costs.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a pesticide composition containing fluopyram and metalaxyl, wherein the pesticide composition comprises a fungicide and an insecticide, wherein the fungicide is fluopyram and metalaxyl, and the insecticide is fluchlorfenapyr.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl in the fungicide is 7:1 to 1:7, or any value within the above range.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl in the fungicide is 7:1, 6:1, 2:1, 5:3, 3:2, 1:1, 3:4, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, or any value between the above values;

[0010] Furthermore, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl in the fungicide is 6:1 to 1:5, or any value within the above range;

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl in the fungicide is 6:1, 2:1, 5:3, 3:2, 1:1, 3:4, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5, or any value between the above values;

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl in the fungicide is 5:3 and 3:2.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the fungicide to the insecticide is 4:5 to 1:20, or any value within the above range;

[0014] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the bactericide to the insecticide is 4:5 to 1:8, or any value within the above range;

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the bactericide to the insecticide is 8:15 to 1:7, or any value within the above range.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the bactericide to the fungicide is 8:15, 2:5, 1:3, 8:25, 4:15, 1:4, 8:35, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, or any value between the above values;

[0017] Further, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl to fluchlorfenapyr is 3:2:15, 3:2:20, 3:2:25, 3:2:30, 3:2:35, 5:3:15, 5:3:20, 5:3:25, 5:3:30, 5:3:35, or any value between the above values;

[0018] Furthermore, the mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl to fluchlorfenapyr is 3:2:25, 3:2:30, 5:3:25, 5:3:30, or any value between the above values;

[0019] Furthermore, based on the total weight of the pesticide composition of 100 wt%, the sum of the contents of the fungicide in the pesticide composition is 0.5% to 50%, preferably 1% to 10%, and more preferably 2% to 8%.

[0020] Furthermore, based on the total weight of the pesticide composition of 100 wt%, the content of the insecticide in the pesticide composition is 5% to 50%, preferably 10% to 40%, and more preferably 15% to 35%.

[0021] Furthermore, the pesticide composition further includes an adjuvant selected from one or more of the following: wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, thickeners, disintegrants, antifreeze agents, defoamers, solvents, preservatives, stabilizers, warning colors, film-forming agents, synergists, and carriers.

[0022] Further, the wetting agent is selected from one or more of alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, lignin sulfonates, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dioctyl succinate sulfonate, α-olefin sulfonates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, castor oil polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, silkworm excrement, soapberry powder, soapberry powder, SOPA, detergents, emulsifiers 2000 series, and wetting and penetrating agents F; and / or

[0023] The dispersant is selected from one or more of the following: lignin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulfonates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether methyl ether condensates sulfates, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ethers, glycerol fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ethers, polycarboxylates, polyacrylic acids, phosphates, EO-PO block copolymers, and EO-PO graft copolymers; and / or

[0024] The emulsifier is selected from one or more of the following: calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, styrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, and alkylphenol ether phosphate; and / or

[0025] The thickener is selected from one or more of xanthan gum, organobentonite, gum arabic, sodium alginate, magnesium aluminum silicate, carboxymethyl cellulose, and silica; and / or

[0026] The disintegrant is selected from one or more of sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, bentonite, glucose, sucrose, starch, cellulose, urea, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, and tartaric acid; and / or

[0027] Antifreeze is selected from one or more of alcohols, alcohol ethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and inorganic salts; and / or

[0028] Defoamer selected from C 10 -C 20 Saturated fatty acid compounds, silicone oil, silicone compounds, C8-C 10 One or more of the fatty alcohols; and / or

[0029] The solvent is selected from one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, cyclohexanone, hydrocarbon carbonates, diesel oil, solvent oil, vegetable oil, vegetable oil derivatives, and water; and / or

[0030] The preservative is selected from one or more of propionic acid, sodium propionate, sorbic acid, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium p-hydroxybenzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, Kathon, and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; and / or

[0031] The stabilizer is selected from one or more of the following: disodium hydrogen phosphate, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, borax, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, triethanolamine oleate, epoxidized vegetable oil, kaolin, bentonite, attapulgite, silica, talc, montmorillonite, and starch; and / or

[0032] Warning colors are selected from one or more of the following: blue, green, red, and purple; and / or

[0033] Film-forming agents are selected from one or more of sodium carboxymethyl starch, cellulose derivatives (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol), and polyacrylic acid; and / or

[0034] Furthermore, the film-forming agent is selected from seed coating film-forming agent 851, seed coating film-forming agent 805, etc.; and / or

[0035] Synergists are selected from synergistic phosphorus, synergistic ether; and / or

[0036] The carrier is selected from one or more of the following: ammonium salts, ground natural minerals, ground artificial minerals, silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, organic solvents, mineral oils, vegetable oils, and vegetable oil derivatives.

[0037] Furthermore, the pesticide composition is formulated as any one of seed treatment suspension, microcapsule suspension, or dry seed dressing agent;

[0038] Furthermore, the pesticide composition is formulated as a seed treatment suspension.

[0039] The present invention also discloses the application of the pesticide composition described above in the prevention and control of plant diseases and / or pests, wherein the plants include corn, wheat or peanut;

[0040] The plant diseases mentioned are corn stem base rot, wheat root rot, and peanut root rot;

[0041] The pests mentioned are grubs, cutworms, wireworms, fall armyworms, and corn borers.

[0042] Corn is one of the major food crops, playing an irreplaceable role in food, feed, and industrial applications. Corn stalk rot, also known as corn stem rot or corn bacterial wilt, is a typical soil-borne complex pathogenic disease, primarily caused by pathogenic fungi. Corn stalk rot is caused by the single or combined action of multiple pathogens, mainly affecting the roots and base of the stalk, and can occur throughout the entire growth period of corn. After infection, the leaves exhibit three symptoms depending on the rate of disease progression: bacterial wilt, yellowing, and green-yellow wilt, hence the name bacterial wilt. In severe cases, it can lead to the complete death of the corn plant. Based on the different types of pathogens, maize stalk rot can be classified into eight types: Gibberella stalk rot, Fusarium stalk rot, Pythium stalk rot, anthracnose stalk rot, charcoal stalk rot, Botryodiplodia stalk rot, Diplodia stalk rot, and bacterial stalk rot. The pathogens of maize stalk rot are complex, with a wide variety of pathogens. Different climatic and soil factors can lead to significant differences in the composition of the pathogens, and the infectivity of different dominant pathogens also varies significantly.

[0043] Peanut root rot is a soil-borne fungal disease affecting peanuts, and it is a global problem. It occurs throughout my country, causing severe economic losses and significantly hindering the development of the peanut industry. Peanut root rot is primarily caused by fungi of the genus *Fusarium*, such as *Fusarium solani* and *F. oxysporum*. Root rot can occur throughout the entire peanut growth cycle, mainly affecting the roots and vascular bundles. The roots turn brown and rot, subsequently causing the vascular bundles to turn brown and rot, leading to poor plant growth and eventually the death of the entire plant. Later infection can damage the pods, causing pod rot, resulting in the death of most or all of the plant and resulting in missing seedlings and broken rows. The incidence rate is generally 5%–10%, but can reach over 30% in severe cases, causing significant economic losses and severely restricting the development of my country's peanut industry.

[0044] Wheat is one of my country's main food crops and occupies a major position in food security production. Therefore, implementing wheat disease prevention and control has become a top priority for my country's food security.

[0045] Wheat root rot is a disease caused by the combined action of multiple fungi, with the main pathogens including *Cyclocarya granatum*, *Fusarium*, *Helicobacter pylori*, and *Helicobacter longiflorus*. Root rot is widely distributed and occurs in all wheat-growing countries. In China, it mainly occurs in the northern regions, but its incidence has been expanding in recent years, with cases also found in wheat-growing areas of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Fujian provinces. The pathogens causing root rot have a wide host range, infecting wheat and other gramineous crops, as well as dozens of gramineous weeds. Root rot not only affects yield but also reduces the quality and commercial value of wheat.

[0046] Wheat stem rot is a significant global fungal disease caused by various pathogens, including *Fusarium graminearum* and *Fusarium pseudograminearum*. It is one of the most damaging diseases affecting wheat, with the roots being the most severely affected area. If wheat seeds are infected before germination, brown lesions will appear on the seedling sheath; in severe cases, the seeds will rot and even die, ultimately leading to a decrease in germination rate. During the emergence and greening stage, mildly infected plants show no obvious symptoms on the exposed parts, but black lesions will appear on the coleoptile and underground stem, and the roots will rot. Severely infected plants will show yellowing of the exposed leaves, slow growth, and stunted growth; in severe cases, the seedlings will turn yellow and eventually die. Infection at maturity will result in withered, white ears and shriveled grains.

[0047] Crops are susceptible to various diseases and pests from growth to harvest. Underground pests are numerous, cause serious damage, are highly concealed, have complex occurrence patterns, and are difficult to control. These include grubs, wireworms, and cutworms, which often damage crops after sowing and during the seedling stage. They eat crop seeds and roots, causing difficulties in germination, plant death, missing seedlings and broken rows, affecting plant growth, reducing yield, and causing irreparable losses to agricultural production.

[0048] To achieve the desired insecticidal and fungicidal effects, the dosage of this pesticide composition varies depending on various factors, such as the crop to be protected, the type of pest, the degree of infection, climatic conditions, and the application location.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0050] 1) The pesticide composition of the present invention combines compounds with different mechanisms of action in a reasonable ratio, which shows a significant synergistic effect on a variety of plant diseases and pests;

[0051] 2) The pesticide composition of the present invention can prevent and control a variety of plant diseases and pests, and significantly expands the spectrum of insecticidal and fungicidal effects;

[0052] 3) The pesticide composition of the present invention has a long-lasting effect, effectively reducing the amount of pesticide used and the number of applications, thereby alleviating environmental pressure and reducing agricultural production costs. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the technical solution, objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described with reference to the following specific embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0054] Preparation method of seed treatment suspension: According to the formula ratio, the active ingredients, adjuvants and water are mixed and stirred evenly by high shearing, and then sand milled for 2.5 hours to make the average particle size reach 1-5 micrometers. Finally, thickener, preservative and film-forming agent are added and shearing and stirring are continued to be uniform to obtain seed treatment suspension.

[0055] Formulation preparation example:

[0056] Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%)

[0057] Formula composition: 3% fluopyram, 2% metalaxyl, 25% fluchlorfenapyr, 3% tristyrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 3% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% fatty alcohol ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, 2% sodium polycarboxylate, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.25% xanthan gum, 1% polyacrylic acid emulsion, 5% rose red pigment, 5% propylene glycol, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 0.5% Kathon, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0058] Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%)

[0059] Formula composition: 3% fluopyram, 2% metalaxyl, 30% fluchlorfenapyr, 2% glyceryl fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether, 1% sodium polycarboxylate, 3% tristyrene-phenylphenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether, 2% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.25% xanthan gum, 1% polyacrylic acid emulsion, 5% rose red pigment, 5% propylene glycol, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 0.2% sodium p-hydroxybenzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0060] Preparation Example 3: 33% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 25%)

[0061] Formula composition: 5% fluopyram, 3% metalaxyl, 25% fluchlorfenapyr, 1% alkyl aryl polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether, 2% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% sodium lignosulfonate, 1% polyacrylic acid emulsion, 0.25% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% ethylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0062] Preparation Example 4: 38% Fluopyram·Methionine·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 30%)

[0063] Formula composition: 5% fluopyram, 3% metalaxyl, 30% fluchlorfenapyr, 2% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 5% EO / PO block copolymer, 1% isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 1% polyacrylic acid, 0.25% xanthan gum, 6% rose red pigment, 5% ethylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0064] Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%)

[0065] Formula composition: 3% fluopyram, 2% metalaxyl, 4% guerbert alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% EO / PO block copolymer, 3% castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 2% naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1% polyethylene glycol, 0.25% xanthan gum, 4% rose red pigment, 5% ethylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 0.2% Kathon, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0066] Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%)

[0067] Formula composition: 3% fluopyram, 25% fluchlorfenapyr, 3% castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 3% styrene phenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.5% sodium lignosulfonate, 1.5% polyacrylic acid, 0.25% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% glycerol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0068] Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%)

[0069] Formula composition: 2% metalaxyl-M, 25% flufenoxuron, 3% isotridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 4% alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, 1% styrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% sodium alginate, 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1% sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.1% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% propylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0070] Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%)

[0071] Formula composition: 3% fluopyram, 30% fluchlorfenapyr, 3% EO / PO block copolymer, 2% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 3% Gelbert alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1% polyacrylic acid, 0.2% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% ethylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance;

[0072] Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%)

[0073] Formula composition: 2% metalaxyl-M, 30% fluchlorfenapyr, 3% sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, 2% alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, 1% sodium lignosulfonate, 2% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 3% sodium lignosulfonate, 2% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% glycerol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 2% Kathon, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0074] Control Example 6: 8% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 3%)

[0075] Formula composition: 5% fluopyram, 3% metalaxyl, 3% phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 3% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 1% naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1% polyacrylic acid, 0.3% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% glycerol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0076] Comparative Example 7: 28% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 25%)

[0077] Formula composition: 3% metalaxyl-M, 25% fluchlorfenapyridine, 3% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate, 1% sodium polycarboxylate, 1% sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.25% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% ethylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium sorbate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0078] Control Example 8: 30% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (5% + 25%)

[0079] Formula composition: 5% fluopyram, 25% fluchlorfonamide, 3% phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 2% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 1% arylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% sodium lignosulfonate, 1% sodium benzoate, 0.2% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% propylene glycol, 0.25% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% polyacrylic acid, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0080] Control Example 9: 35% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 30%)

[0081] Formula composition: 5% fluopyram, 30% fluchlorfenapyr, 5% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 3% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 3% sodium lignosulfonate, 2% sodium benzoate, 0.2% xanthan gum, 6% rose red pigment, 5% propylene glycol, 0.5% magnesium aluminum silicate, 1% silicone defoamer, 1% polyacrylic acid, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0082] Comparative Example 10: 33% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 30%)

[0083] Formula composition: 3% metalaxyl-methyl, 30% flufenoxuron, 4% sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, 2% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2% sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.25% xanthan gum, 5% rose red pigment, 5% propylene glycol, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.5% silicone defoamer, 1% sodium benzoate, deionized water to make up the balance.

[0084] Example 1: Indoor activity assay of pathogens

[0085] The experiment was conducted in accordance with NY / T 1156.2-2006 "Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides - Fungicides Part II: Tests for Inhibition of Mycelial Growth of Pathogenic Fungi - Plate Method".

[0086] Experimental targets: Fusarium pesudograminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Pythium aphanidermatum.

[0087] Instruments and equipment: electronic balance (sensitivity 0.1mg), biological incubator, petri dishes, pipettes, inoculators, hole punches, calipers, clean bench, alcohol lamp, etc.

[0088] Test reagents: fluopyram technical, metalaxyl technical, fluchlorfenapyr technical.

[0089] Preparation of stock solutions: After dissolving the above raw materials in a suitable solvent to prepare high-concentration stock solutions, fluopyram and metalaxyl are mixed according to the ratio designed in the experiment. Then, the above single agents and mixtures are diluted with 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution to obtain 5 series of mass concentrations.

[0090] Based on this, the optimal ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl was selected, and the above optimal ratio mixture was used as a fungicide combination, and then compounded with the insecticide fluchlorfenapyr at different mass ratios.

[0091] Experimental replication: Four petri dishes were used for each concentration of the test reagent, with one petri dish for each replicate, for a total of four replicates. A 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution without the reagent was used as a blank control.

[0092] Drug preparation: Under aseptic conditions, pre-melted sterile culture medium was quantitatively added to sterile Erlenmeyer flasks according to the experimental treatment. Drug solutions were quantitatively pipetted sequentially from low to high concentration and added to the flasks, then thoroughly mixed. Equal volumes were then poured into four 9cm diameter culture media to prepare drug-containing agar plates of the corresponding concentrations. A drug-free treatment was included as a blank control. Each treatment was repeated four times.

[0093] Inoculation: Under aseptic conditions, cut a fungal cake from the edge of the colony using a sterile punch, and inoculate the fungal cake onto the center of the drug-containing plate with the mycelial side facing up. Cover with the cap and place in a constant temperature incubator at (25±1)℃ for incubation.

[0094] Investigation: The growth of pathogenic fungal hyphae was investigated based on the colony growth in blank control culture dishes. The diameter of the colonies was measured in centimeters using calipers. The diameter of each colony was measured vertically once using the cross-sectional method, and the average value was taken.

[0095] Data statistics and analysis: Based on the survey results, the inhibition rate of mycelial growth of the tested target bacteria by each treatment concentration was calculated, in percentage (%). The calculation results were retained to two decimal places.

[0096] D = D1 - D2

[0097] In the formula:

[0098] D – Colony growth diameter;

[0099] D1—colony diameter;

[0100] D2 – Diameter of the mushroom cake.

[0101]

[0102] In the formula:

[0103] I – Mycelial growth inhibition rate;

[0104] D0—Correlation diameter of the blank control group;

[0105] D T — Diameter of colonies grown after chemical treatment.

[0106] Use a statistical analysis system to analyze the data and derive the regression equation and EC. 50 The value is used to evaluate the activity of the test reagent on the biological sample.

[0107] Sun Yunpei's method: The synergistic effect of drug mixtures is evaluated based on the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC). A CTC ≥ 120 indicates a synergistic effect; a CTC ≤ 80 indicates an antagonistic effect; and a CTC < 120 indicates an additive effect.

[0108] Calculation of the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) of the mixture:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula:

[0111] ATI – Actual Measured Toxicity Index of Mixtures;

[0112] S—EC of standard reagent 50 The unit is milligrams per liter (mg / L);

[0113] M – EC of the mixture 50 The unit is milligrams per liter (mg / L).

[0114] TTI = TI A ×P A +TI B ×P B

[0115] In the formula:

[0116] TTI – Theoretical Toxicity Index of Mixtures;

[0117] TI A —A. Toxicity index of drug A;

[0118] P A —Percentage content of drug A in the mixture, expressed as percentage (%);

[0119] TI B —Toxicity index of drug B;

[0120] P B —Percentage content of agent B in the mixture, expressed as percentage (%).

[0121]

[0122] In the formula:

[0123] CTC – Cotoxicity Coefficient;

[0124] ATI – Actual Measured Toxicity Index of Mixtures;

[0125] TTI – Theoretical Toxicity Index of Mixtures.

[0126] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0127] Table 1. Results of indoor combined toxicity assay of fluopyram + metalaxyl on Fusarium graminearum at different ratios.

[0128] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram (A) y = 4.9007 + 1.4317x 1.1731 / Armor Cream (B) / / / A:B(7:1) y = 5.0199 + 1.4114x 0.9681 121.175 A:B(6:1) y = 5.0533 + 1.4103x 0.9166 127.984 A:B(2:1) y = 5.1049 + 1.5753x 0.8578 136.757 A:B(5:3) y = 5.1328 + 1.3791x 0.8011 146.436 A:B(3:2) y = 5.2282 + 1.5175x 0.7073 165.856 A:B (1:1) y = 5.2085 + 1.6771x 0.7511 156.184 A:B(3:4) y = 5.1394 + 1.3967x 0.7947 147.615 A:B(1:2) y = 5.1154 + 1.4136x 0.8286 141.576 A:B(1:3) y = 5.0912 + 1.3564x 0.8566 136.948 A:B(1:5) y = 5.0366 + 1.4508x 0.9436 124.322 A:B(1:7) y = 5.0045 + 1.4481x 0.9929 118.149

[0129] Note: At the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, metalaxyl showed no significant inhibitory activity against Fusarium graminearum, and EC50 could not be calculated. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0130] Table 2. Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of the mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" and its combination with fluchlorfenapyr diamide against Fusarium graminearum.

[0131] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram: Metalaxyl (A:B = 3:2) y = 5.2282 + 1.5175x 0.7073 / Fluchlorfenapyr (C) / / / A:B:C(3:2:10) y = 5.3207 + 1.4656x 0.6042 117.064 A:B:C(3:2:15) y = 5.3668 + 1.5655x 0.5830 121.321 A:B:C(3:2:20) y = 5.3904 + 1.5909x 0.5684 124.437 A:B:C(3:2:25) y = 5.4187 + 1.4595x 0.5165 136.941 A:B:C(3:2:30) y = 5.4003 + 1.4682x 0.5338 132.503 A:B:C(3:2:35) y = 5.3833 + 1.4887x 0.5527 127.972 A:B:C(3:2:40) y = 5.3687 + 1.4838x 0.5643 125.341

[0132] Note: Fluchlorfenapyr showed no significant inhibitory activity against Fusarium graminearum at the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, so EC50 could not be calculated. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0133] Tables 1-2 show that fluopyram has a good control effect on Fusarium graminearum. The activity is better when the ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl is 3:2, with a co-toxicity coefficient of 165.856, indicating a significant synergistic effect. Mixtures of fluopyram + metalaxyl (3:2 ratio) and fluchlorantraniliprole in different ratios show additive or synergistic effects on Fusarium graminearum. The synergistic effect is most pronounced when the mass ratio of fluopyram + metalaxyl to fluchlorantraniliprole is (3:2):(15-40), i.e., 1:5-1:20. The synergistic effect is most significant when the mass ratio of fluopyram + metalaxyl + fluchlorantraniliprole is 3:2:25.

[0134] Table 3. Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of fluopyram + metalaxyl on Fusarium oxysporum at different ratios.

[0135] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram (A) y = 5.8034 + 1.4375x 0.2761 / Armor Cream (B) / / / A:B(7:1) y = 5.8745 + 1.5093x 0.2634 104.822 A:B(6:1) y = 5.9570 + 1.4656x 0.2224 124.146 A:B(2:1) y = 6.0022 + 1.4563x 0.2051 134.617 A:B(5:3) y = 6.1624 + 1.5652x 0.1808 152.710 A:B(3:2) y = 6.1134 + 1.5124x 0.1836 150.381 A:B (1:1) y = 6.1612 + 1.6013x 0.1883 146.628 A:B(3:4) y = 6.0406 + 1.4663x 0.1951 141.517 A:B(1:2) y = 6.0325 + 1.4814x 0.2009 137.432 A:B(1:3) y = 5.9666 + 1.4327x 0.2115 130.544 A:B(1:5) y = 5.8566 + 1.2936x 0.2177 126.826 A:B(1:7) y = 5.9245 + 1.4452x 0.2292 120.462

[0136] Note: At the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, metalaxyl showed no significant inhibitory activity against Fusarium oxysporum, and EC50 could not be calculated. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0137] Table 4. Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of the mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" and its combination with fluchlorfenapyr diamide against Fusarium oxysporum.

[0138] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram: Metalaxyl (A:B = 5:3) y = 6.1624 + 1.5652x 0.1808 / Fluchlorfenapyr (C) / / / A:B:C(5:3:10) y = 6.0689 + 1.4061x 0.1737 104.088 A:B:C(5:3:15) y = 6.1709 + 1.4002x 0.1458 124.005 A:B:C(5:3:20) y = 6.2819 + 1.5106x 0.1417 127.594 A:B:C(5:3:25) y = 6.2649 + 1.478x 0.1394 129.699 A:B:C(5:3:30) y = 6.1999 + 1.426x 0.1441 125.468 A:B:C(5:3:35) y = 6.2287 + 1.4722x 0.1464 123.497 A:B:C(5:3:40) y = 6.1821 + 1.457x 0.1544 117.098

[0139] Note: Fluchlorfenapyr showed no significant inhibitory activity against Fusarium oxysporum at the highest designed concentration of 200 mg / L, making it impossible to calculate EC50. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0140] Tables 3-4 show that fluopyram has a good control effect on Fusarium oxysporum. The ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl is 5:3, indicating better activity and a co-toxicity coefficient of 152.710, demonstrating a significant synergistic effect. Mixtures of fluopyram + metalaxyl (5:3 ratio) with different ratios of fluchlorfenapyr showed additive or synergistic effects against Fusarium oxysporum. The synergistic effect was observed at mass ratios of (5:3):(15-35) for the mixture of fluopyram + metalaxyl to fluchlorfenapyr, with the most significant synergistic effect observed at a mass ratio of 5:3:25.

[0141] Table 5. Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of fluopyram + metalaxyl on *Helicobacter pylori* at different ratios.

[0142] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram (A) y = 5.7701 + 1.6296x 0.3368 / Armor Cream (B) y = 4.1626 + 1.5677x 3.4214 / A:B(7:1) y = 5.8446 + 1.6189x 0.3008 126.189 A:B(6:1) y = 5.8827 + 1.6077x 0.2825 136.846 A:B(2:1) y = 5.8079 + 1.7349x 0.3422 140.707 A:B(5:3) y = 5.7545 + 1.5327x 0.3219 158.070 A:B(3:2) y = 5.7906 + 1.5704x 0.3138 167.866 A:B (1:1) y = 5.6011 + 1.4414x 0.3828 160.197 A:B(3:4) y = 5.5776 + 1.6743x 0.4519 153.726 A:B(1:2) y = 5.3773 + 1.5431x 0.5695 148.235 A:B(1:3) y = 5.1714 + 1.4749x 0.7652 135.919 A:B(1:5) y = 4.9467 + 1.4913x 1.0858 124.723 A:B(1:7) y = 4.8023 + 1.6127x 1.3262 120.283

[0143] Table 6. Results of in vitro toxicity assays of the mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" and its combination with fluchlorfenapyr and Helicobacter pylori.

[0144] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram: Metalaxyl (A:B = 3:2) y = 6.1586 + 1.3487x 0.1384 / Fluchlorfenapyr (C) / / / A:B:C(3:2:10) y = 6.3331 + 1.5533x 0.1386 99.856 A:B:C(3:2:15) y = 6.3485 + 1.5264x 0.1308 105.810 A:B:C(3:2:20) y = 6.378 + 1.4483x 0.1118 123.792 A:B:C(3:2:25) y = 6.5319 + 1.5549x 0.1035 133.720 A:B:C(3:2:30) y = 6.5825 + 1.6011x 0.1027 134.761 A:B:C(3:2:35) y = 6.5741 + 1.6438x 0.1103 125.476 A:B:C(3:2:40) y = 6.3685 + 1.4831x 0.1195 115.816

[0145] Note: Fluchlorfenapyr showed no significant inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori at the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, so EC50 could not be calculated. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0146] Tables 5-6 show that both fluopyram and metalaxyl have good control effects against *Helicobacter pylori*. Fluopyram at a ratio of 3:2 to metalaxyl shows better activity, with a co-toxicity coefficient of 167.866, indicating a significant synergistic effect. Mixtures of fluopyram and metalaxyl (3:2 ratio) with different ratios of fluchlorfenapyr showed additive or synergistic effects against *Helicobacter pylori*. The synergistic effect was observed at mass ratios of (3:2):(20-35) for the mixture of fluopyram, metalaxyl, and fluchlorfenapyr, with the most significant synergistic effect at a mass ratio of 3:2:30.

[0147] Table 7. Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of fluopyram + metalaxyl on different ratios of Pythium spp. in melons and fruits.

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] Table 8. Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of the mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" and its combination with fluchlorfenapyr diamide against *Pythium spp.* of melons and fruits.

[0151] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[EC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram: Metalaxyl (A:B = 3:2) y = 4.0677 + 1.4254x 4.5088 / Fluchlorfenapyr (C) / / / A:B:C(3:2:10) y = 3.9826 + 1.6999x 3.9677 113.638 A:B:C(3:2:15) y = 4.1651 + 1.4719x 3.6918 122.130 A:B:C(3:2:20) y = 4.0912 + 1.6519x 3.5496 127.023 A:B:C(3:2:25) y = 4.088 + 1.7011x 3.4366 131.199 A:B:C(3:2:30) y = 4.0873 + 1.5595x 3.8480 117.173 A:B:C(3:2:35) y = 3.9518 + 1.6385x 4.3624 103.356 A:B:C(3:2:40) y = 3.8545 + 1.6127x 5.1318 87.860

[0152] Note: Fluchlorfenapyr showed no significant inhibitory activity against Pythium spp. at the highest designed concentration of 200 mg / L, so EC50 could not be calculated. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0153] Tables 7-8 show that both fluopyram and metalaxyl have good control effects against Pythium spp. in melons and fruits. Fluopyram at a ratio of 3:2 shows better activity, with a co-toxicity coefficient of 176.980, indicating a significant synergistic effect. Mixtures of fluopyram and metalaxyl (3:2 ratio) with different ratios of fluchlorfenapyr showed additive or synergistic effects against Pythium spp. in melons and fruits. The synergistic effect was observed at a mass ratio of (3:2):(15-25) for the mixture of fluopyram, metalaxyl, and fluchlorfenapyr, with the most significant synergistic effect at a mass ratio of 3:2:30.

[0154] Example 2: Indoor toxicity test of underground pests

[0155] Test basis: The test refers to NY / T 1154.7-2006 "Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides - Insecticides Part 7: Determination of Combined Effects of Mixtures".

[0156] Test agents: fluopyram technical grade, metalaxyl technical grade, fluchlorfenapyr technical grade.

[0157] Reagent preparation: Prepare a certain mass of stock solution by using a suitable solvent, and dilute the stock solution proportionally to a series of mass concentrations by using 0.1% Triton X-80 aqueous solution.

[0158] Experimental targets: cutworm (3rd instar larvae), green scarab beetle (2nd instar larvae), and wireworm (2nd instar larvae).

[0159] 1. Method for determining the toxicity of small cutworms: Select 3rd instar larvae of uniform age and physiological state and place them in a wire mesh bag. Immerse them in the above-mentioned drug solution for 10 seconds, then remove them and place them on filter paper to air dry. Absorb excess drug solution with filter paper. Each treatment is repeated 4 times, with 20 larvae immersed in each replicate. A treatment without the drug is included as a blank control. Transfer the treated larvae to glass tubes containing fresh cabbage as food. Cover the tube opening with a damp black cloth and place them at 25±1℃ and 65%±5% relative humidity for rearing and observation. Investigate the mortality of the larvae 3 days after treatment. The criteria for judging the mortality of the larvae are obvious shrinkage of the body or inability to crawl normally when pricked by a needle.

[0160] 2. Method for determining the toxicity of *Symplocos rubescens* larvae: Healthy, active, and physiologically consistent second-instar larvae of *Symplocos rubescens* were placed in an immersion apparatus and soaked in the solution for 30 seconds. They were then removed and placed on filter paper to crawl, allowed to air dry, and then transferred individually into sterilized finger-shaped tubes. Newly germinated wheat seeds were used as food. The treated larvae were then reared in an AI-controlled insect rearing room at a temperature of (25±1)℃, a relative humidity of 70%±10%, and a photoperiod of 16h:8h. Four replicates were set up for each concentration, with 20 larvae per replicate. After 4 days, the mortality of the larvae was checked. Larvae were considered dead if their bodies were noticeably unable to curl and crawl when gently touched with tweezers.

[0161] 3. Method for determining the toxicity of wireworms: Place the test larvae in a funnel lined with filter paper. Use a pipette to transfer 3 mL of diluted drug solution from the top into the funnel, allowing the larvae to remain in the solution for 30 seconds. Then, absorb the excess solution with filter paper. Place the larvae into a sterilized glass rearing tube (1.8 cm in diameter, 8 cm in height) and add an appropriate amount of moist soil (approximately 18% moisture content). Feed the drug-treated larvae with freshly germinated wheat seeds and plug the rearing tube to prevent escape. Four replicates are set up for each concentration, with 20 larvae per replicate. Rearing conditions: temperature (20±1)℃, relative humidity 50%–60%, no light. Check the mortality of the larvae 3 days after treatment; larvae that are noticeably shrunken or cannot move normally when touched with a pen tip are considered dead.

[0162] Based on the survey data from the above trials, calculate the corrected mortality rate for each treatment. Calculate using the following formula, and round all results to two decimal places:

[0163]

[0164] In the formula:

[0165] P – Mortality rate, expressed as a percentage (%);

[0166] K represents the number of dead insects, in heads;

[0167] N represents the total number of insects treated, in units of heads.

[0168]

[0169] In the formula:

[0170] P1 – Corrected mortality rate, in percentage (%);

[0171] P t —The mortality rate is expressed as a percentage (%).

[0172] P0 – Mortality rate in the blank control group, expressed as a percentage (%).

[0173] If the control mortality rate is <5%, no correction is needed; if the control mortality rate is between 5% and 20%, correction should be performed according to the above formula; if the control mortality rate is >20%, the trial needs to be repeated.

[0174] Statistical analysis system was used to analyze and derive the virulence regression equation and LC. 50 The value is used to evaluate the activity of the test reagent on the biological sample.

[0175] Calculation of the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) of the mixture:

[0176]

[0177] In the formula:

[0178] ATI – Actual Measured Toxicity Index of Mixtures;

[0179] S—LC50 of the standard reagent 50 The unit is milligrams per liter (mg / L);

[0180] M – LC of the mixture 50 The unit is milligrams per liter (mg / L).

[0181] TTI = TI A ×P A +TI B ×P B

[0182] In the formula:

[0183] TTI – Theoretical Toxicity Index of Mixtures;

[0184] TI A —A. Toxicity index of drug A;

[0185] P A —Percentage content of drug A in the mixture, expressed as percentage (%);

[0186] TI B —Toxicity index of drug B;

[0187] P B —Percentage content of agent B in the mixture, expressed as percentage (%).

[0188]

[0189] In the formula:

[0190] CTC – Cotoxicity Coefficient;

[0191] ATI – Actual Measured Toxicity Index of Mixtures;

[0192] TTI – Theoretical Toxicity Index of Mixtures.

[0193] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0194] Table 9. Results of Indoor Combined Toxicity Assay of "Fluoxacylhydroxylamine + Metalaxyl" Mixture and its Mixture with Fluchlorfenapyr Diamide in Copper Beetle

[0195]

[0196]

[0197] Note: The mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" showed no significant insecticidal activity against *Tetranychus purpureus* at the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, making it impossible to calculate EC50. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0198] The experimental results (see Table 9) showed that the mixture of fluopyram and metalaxyl had no significant indoor activity against the green beetle, while fluchlorfenapyr had good activity against the green beetle. The compound formulation of fluopyram and metalaxyl with fluchlorfenapyr significantly increased the toxicity of fluchlorfenapyr and enhanced its control effect on the target pest.

[0199] Table 10 Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of the mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" and its combination with fluchlorfenapyr and cutworm.

[0200] Test reagents virulence regression equation <![CDATA[LC 50 (mg.L -1 )]]> Cotoxicity coefficient Fluopyram: Metalaxyl (A:B = 3:2) / / / Fluopyram: Metalaxyl (A:B = 2:2) / / / Fluchlorfenapyr (C) y = 3.9969 + 1.4226x 5.0714 / A:B:C(3:2:10) y = 3.8062 + 1.7094x 4.9931 101.568 A:B:C(3:2:15) y = 3.8255 + 1.8183x 4.4254 114.598 A:B:C(3:2:20) y = 4.1439 + 1.4122x 4.0384 125.579 A:B:C(3:2:25) y = 4.0567 + 1.6646x 3.6870 137.548 A:B:C(3:2:30) y = 3.9726 + 1.7181x 3.9626 127.982 A:B:C(3:2:35) y = 3.9722 + 1.6762x 4.1035 123.587 A:B:C(3:2:40) y = 3.8399 + 1.8047x 4.3935 115.430 A:B:C(5:3:10) y = 3.7588 + 1.7668x 5.0412 100.599 A:B:C(5:3:15) y = 3.9304 + 1.7357x 4.1327 122.714 A:B:C(5:3:20) y = 4.0852 + 1.5193x 4.0007 126.763 A:B:C(5:3:25) y = 4.0443 + 1.6250x 3.8737 130.919 A:B:C(5:3:30) y = 3.9848 + 1.7555x 3.7870 133.916 A:B:C(5:3:35) y = 4.0244 + 1.5597x 4.2218 120.124 A:B:C(5:3:40) y = 3.8621 + 1.6927x 4.7016 107.865

[0201] Note: The mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" showed no significant insecticidal activity against cutworms at the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, making it impossible to calculate EC50. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0202] The experimental results (see Table 10) show that the mixture of fluopyram and metalaxyl had no significant indoor activity against cutworms, while fluchlorfenapyr exhibited better activity. Combining the mixture of fluopyram and metalaxyl with fluchlorfenapyr significantly increased the toxicity of fluchlorfenapyr and enhanced its control efficacy against cutworms.

[0203] Table 11 Results of indoor combined toxicity assays of the mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" and its combination with fluchlorfenapyr diamide against wireworm.

[0204]

[0205]

[0206] Note: The mixture of "fluopyram + metalaxyl" showed no significant insecticidal activity against wireworms at the designed maximum concentration of 200 mg / L, and EC50 could not be calculated. 50 And the toxicity regression equation.

[0207] The experimental results (see Table 11) showed that the mixture of fluopyram and metalaxyl had no significant indoor activity against wireworm, while fluchlorfenapyr exhibited good activity against wireworm. Combining the mixture of fluopyram and metalaxyl with fluchlorfenapyr significantly increased the toxicity of fluchlorfenapyr and enhanced its control efficacy against wireworm.

[0208] Example 3: Field efficacy test of pesticides for controlling maize stalk rot and underground pests.

[0209] Experimental site: Cornfield in Gulao Village, Wucheng Town, Wuyang County, Henan Province. The soil was sandy loam with good fertility. All experimental plots had relatively uniform cultivation conditions and good irrigation conditions. The previous crop was wheat.

[0210] Experimental targets: underground pests (mainly cutworms), corn stalk rot (the pathogens were identified as Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium moniliforme).

[0211] Experimental crop: maize (Yinhai 568).

[0212] Experimental design: The experiment consisted of 11 treatments, 4 replicates, randomized block design, and plot size of 20m². 2 The treatments and dosages of active ingredients are shown in the table below. A water treatment served as a blank control, and protective rows were set up at 1-meter intervals between the experimental plots. Protective rows were established around the experimental site. Seeds were treated with an appropriate amount of water one day before sowing; after each treatment, the seeds were mixed, dried, and then sown.

[0213] Table 12 Treatments and Dosage of Active Ingredients

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] Emergence rate survey: Select a small plot of land in the experimental field, and sow 200 corn seeds of each treatment after coating on the land. Investigate the emergence time and emergence rate of each treatment (emergence period: when the first green leaf emerges from the coleoptile and the corn seedlings reach a height of 2 cm, the emergence period is defined as when more than 60% of the seedlings in the field have emerged).

[0217]

[0218] Survey of underground pest damage: A survey was conducted half a month after seedling establishment. Five random sampling points were taken from each plot, with 20 plants sampled at each point, for a total of 100 plants. The damage to corn was investigated, and the percentage of damaged plants and the effectiveness of control measures were calculated. Insect population density survey: Soil sampling was conducted using a "Z" pattern of five sampling points within each plot. Each sampling point was 50cm × 50cm, with a digging depth of 30cm. The insect population per unit area was recorded in detail.

[0219]

[0220] Stalk base rot incidence survey: During the mature plant stage (after milk stage), 5 points were randomly selected from each plot, and 20 corn plants were marked at each point, for a total of 100 plants. The incidence of stalk base rot was investigated, and the disease was classified according to the 7-level grading standard for stalk base rot. The disease index and control effect were calculated.

[0221] Grading standards for corn stalk rot:

[0222] Grade 0: The whole plant is growing normally, but the middle and lower leaves show symptoms of wilting and yellowing. The stem base is growing normally, and the fruit ears are growing normally.

[0223] Grade 1: All leaves of the plant show signs of wilting, but the stem base and fruit ears grow normally.

[0224] Grade 3: The leaves of the whole plant show typical symptoms of wilting, the base of the stem is discolored and slightly water-soaked, and the fruit ears are basically normal.

[0225] Level 5: The entire plant exhibits typical symptoms of wilting, the base of the stem softens significantly but does not collapse, the fruit bunches droop, and the kernels are not plump.

[0226] Level 7: The entire plant dies and falls over, the vascular bundles at the base of the stem rupture, and the seeds are shriveled.

[0227]

[0228]

[0229] Yield measurement at harvest: After the corn is fully mature, all samples are taken from each plot for yield measurement, the yield of each plot is recorded, and the yield per hectare is calculated.

[0230]

[0231] The results of the field efficacy trials are shown below:

[0232] Table 13 Effects of different seed dressing agents on maize emergence rate

[0233] deal with Emergence rate (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 95.25 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 93.88 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 81.75 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 91.88 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 84.63 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 86.63 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 92.50 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 78.25 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 76.13 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 79.50 Blank control 73.75

[0234] As shown in Table 13, the best germination rate was 95.25% with the treatment of 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%), followed by 93.88% with the treatment of 35% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+30%). The control group had a poor germination rate of 73.75%. The pesticide composition of the present invention can effectively prevent corn insects from being eaten by underground pests, prevent pathogen invasion, and improve seed germination rate.

[0235] Table 14. Control effects of different seed dressing agents on underground pests in maize.

[0236] deal with Damaged plant rate (%) Prevention and control efficacy (%) Insect repellency (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 3.00 91.31 87.14 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 3.50 89.85 84.56 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 9.75 71.69 66.23 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 9.00 73.75 66.56 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 7.00 79.60 73.08 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 7.50 78.10 71.57 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 10.50 69.48 64.11 Blank control 34.50 / /

[0237] The results in the table above show that the application of fluopyram + metalaxyl + fluchlorfenapyr seed dressing agents at effective amounts to corn seeds achieved control effects of 91.31% and 89.85% on plants, respectively; and insect control effects of 87.14% and 84.56%, respectively.

[0238] Table 15. Control effects of different seed dressing agents on maize stalk rot.

[0239] deal with Disease incidence rate (%) Disease index Disease control effectiveness (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 8.25 1.89 91.36 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 8.75 2.46 88.77 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 14.00 4.36 80.15 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 16.25 5.25 76.06 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 19.25 6.68 69.55 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 18.00 5.50 74.94 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 19.75 7.32 66.73 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 17.25 5.68 74.35 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 24.50 8.14 63.10 Blank control 40.75 22.04 -

[0240] The control effects of different seed dressing agents on maize stalk rot are shown in the table above. At the milk stage of maize, the disease incidence rates of stalk rot treated with 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%) and 35% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+30%) were 8.25% and 8.75%, respectively, while the disease incidence rate in the blank control was 40.75%. The suspension seed dressing agent of this invention has excellent control effects on maize stalk rot.

[0241] Table 16 Effects of different seed dressing agents on maize yield

[0242] deal with <![CDATA[Yield (kg / hm 2 )]]> Production increase rate (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 6115.28 17.66 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 6078.97 16.96 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 5456.40 4.98 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 5542.47 6.64 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 5531.38 6.42 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 5778.84 11.18 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 5722.98 10.11 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 5426.49 4.40 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 5359.89 3.12 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 5374.87 3.41 Blank control 5197.60 /

[0243] Compared with the blank control, various seed coating treatments increased maize kernel yield, with an increase rate of 3.12% to 17.66%. Among them, the maize with the seed coating treatments of 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed coating agent (3%+2%+25%) and 35% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed coating agent (3%+2%+30%) had the highest maize yield.

[0244] Example 4: Field efficacy trial of pesticides against wheat root rot and wireworm

[0245] Experimental site: A wheat field in Beigaomen Village, Dongwang Township, Quyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province. The experimental plots were flat, with medium to high fertility, and the soil was carbonate brown soil. All experimental plots were managed at the same level, and root rot and wireworms occurred year-round, meeting the conditions required for the experiment.

[0246] Experimental crop: Wheat (Shixin 828).

[0247] Experimental targets: wheat root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and wireworm (Pleonomus canaliculatus).

[0248] Experimental design: The experiment consisted of 11 treatments, each replicated 4 times, with all experimental plots arranged in a randomized block design. The treatments and dosages of the active ingredient are shown in the table below.

[0249] Table 17 Treatments and Dosage of Active Ingredients

[0250] Serial Number deal with Dosage of active ingredient (g / 100kg seeds) 1 Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 150 2 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 150 3 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 150 4 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 150 5 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 150 6 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 150 7 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 150 8 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 15 9 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 18 10 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 250 11 Blank control /

[0251] Experimental methods: Seeds were coated with pesticide once on October 3, 2023, sown on October 5, seedling emergence rate was investigated on October 20, pests were investigated on November 12, diseases were investigated on May 4, 2024, actual yield was measured on June 16, and the control effect was calculated.

[0252] Wheat emergence rate determination: 200 seeds were sown in a fixed area of ​​each plot. After the wheat seedlings emerged, the number of seedlings was recorded and the emergence rate was calculated.

[0253] Wheat root rot control survey: 5 sampling points were taken in each plot, 20 plants were surveyed at each point, and the number of diseased plants at each level was recorded.

[0254] The classification of root rot disease is as follows.

[0255] Grade 0: No disease spots on the base of the stem and the main root of the plant.

[0256] Grade 1: A few lesions are present at the base of the stem and on the main root.

[0257] Grade 3: There are more lesions at the base of the stem and the main root, and the lesion area accounts for 25% to 50% of the total area of ​​the stem base and root.

[0258] Grade 5: Numerous and large lesions at the base of the stem and main root, with the lesion area accounting for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the stem base and roots.

[0259] Level 7: Patches of disease extend from the base of the stem or the main root, forming a ring around the stem, but the root system is not dead.

[0260] Level 9: Root necrosis, with the above-ground parts of the diseased plant wilting or dying.

[0261] The method for calculating the efficacy of root rot medication is as follows:

[0262]

[0263] Wireworm control survey: Five sampling points were taken in a "Z" pattern in each plot, with each point having a 1m ridge length. The total number of plants in the survey point and the number of plants affected by wireworms were investigated.

[0264] Method for calculating the efficacy of wireworm medication:

[0265]

[0266] Actual yield measurement: The actual yield is measured during the wheat harvest period.

[0267]

[0268] The results of the field trials are shown in the table below:

[0269] Table 18 Effects of different seed dressing agents on wheat emergence rate

[0270] deal with Emergence rate (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 91.00 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 89.25 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 73.25 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 79.75 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 77.75 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 82.38 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 79.38 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 78.25 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 75.38 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 74.38 Blank control 73.00

[0271] Table 18 shows that there were significant differences in seedling emergence among the treatments. The best seedling emergence rate was achieved with the 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%) treatment (91.00%), followed by the 35% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+30%) treatment (89.25%). The control group (CK) had the worst seedling emergence rate at 73.00%.

[0272] Table 19. Effects of different seed dressing agents on the control of wheat root rot.

[0273]

[0274]

[0275] The control efficacy of each experimental agent against wheat root rot ranged from 61.39% to 89.07%. The combination of fluopyram, metalaxyl, and fluchlorfenapyr significantly improved the control efficacy against wheat root rot.

[0276] Table 20. Control effects of different seed dressing agents on wireworms.

[0277] deal with Damaged plant rate (%) Prevention and control efficacy (%) Insect repellency (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 4.00 86.01 90.04 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 4.75 83.33 85.51 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 8.00 72.03 75.34 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 8.25 71.10 73.30 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 6.75 76.36 77.13 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 7.00 75.40 79.03 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 7.50 73.67 75.40 Blank control 28.50 / /

[0278] The results in the table above show that the application of fluopyram + metalaxyl + fluchlorfenapyr seed dressing agents at the effective amounts set in the experiment to wheat seeds achieved control effects of 86.01% and 83.33% on plants, respectively; and insect control effects of 90.04% and 85.51%, respectively.

[0279] Table 21 Effects of different seed dressing treatments on wheat yield

[0280] deal with <![CDATA[Yield (kg / hm 2 )]]> Production increase rate (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 7533.36 10.03 Preparation Example 2: 35% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 30%) 7470.55 9.11 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 7330.89 7.07 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 7183.04 4.91 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 7167.09 4.68 Control Example 4: 33% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 30%) 7368.63 7.62 Comparative Example 5: 32% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 30%) 7260.67 6.04 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 7276.25 6.27 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 6989.97 2.09 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 7116.41 3.94 Blank control 6846.95 /

[0281] Compared with the blank control, the yield increase rates of each experimental treatment ranged from 2.09% to 10.03%. Among them, the yield increase rates of 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed coating agent (3%+2%+25%) and 35% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed coating agent (3%+2%+30%) were 10.03% and 9.11% respectively compared with the blank control, which have a certain yield-increasing effect on wheat production.

[0282] Example 5: Field efficacy trial of pesticides for wheat stem base rot

[0283] Experimental site: Wheat field in Liuxian Village, Taozhuang Village, Baodian Town, Ningjin County, Dezhou City, Shandong Province. The previous crop was corn, and wheat has been continuously cropped in this field for many years. In recent years, wheat stem rot has occurred severely in this plot, and the diseased plants are evenly distributed. The soil in the experimental site is sandy loam with high nutrient content, flat terrain, and basically complete farmland water conservancy facilities, with irrigation and drainage ditches in good condition.

[0284] The wheat variety tested was Jimai 22.

[0285] Experimental targets: The strains isolated and identified in the laboratory were mainly Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium pseudograminearum.

[0286] Application time and method: According to the experimental design dosage, the wheat seeds were coated one day before sowing. The pesticide was first diluted with water, then sprayed onto the wheat seeds and mixed evenly, and then dried before sowing. The wheat was sown on October 23, 2023.

[0287] Experimental Design: The experiment consisted of 11 treatments, with 4 replicates per treatment and 50m plots per cell. 2 All experimental plots were arranged in a randomized block design. The treatments and dosages of the active ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0288] Table 22 Treatments and Dosage of Active Ingredients

[0289] Serial Number deal with Dosage of active ingredient (g / 100kg seeds) 1 Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 150 2 Preparation Example 3: 33% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 25%) 150 3 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 150 4 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 150 5 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 150 6 Control Example 6: 8% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (5% + 3%) 150 7 Comparative Example 7: 28% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 25%) 150 8 Control Example 8: 30% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (5% + 25%) 15 9 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 18 10 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 250 11 Blank control /

[0290] Experimental investigation methods:

[0291] A safety survey was conducted during the wheat greening-up period to observe plant height, leaf color, and other factors, and to examine the effects of the seed dressing agent on the growth and development of wheat seedlings.

[0292] The survey was conducted during the milk stage of wheat. A five-point sampling method was used in each plot, with 20 plants sampled at each point, for a total of 100 plants. The number of diseased plants at each level was investigated, and the disease index and control effect were calculated.

[0293] The condition is classified according to the following criteria:

[0294] Grade 0: No browning symptoms observed throughout the plant;

[0295] Grade 1: The roots show signs of browning;

[0296] Grade 3: The first node of the above-ground part of the stem shows signs of browning and rotting;

[0297] Level 5: The second stem node above ground shows signs of browning and rotting;

[0298] Grade 7: Lesions extend beyond the second internode, but there are no white ears;

[0299] Grade 9: Lesions extend beyond the second internode, with white spikelets;

[0300] Formula for calculating disease index and prevention and control effect:

[0301]

[0302]

[0303] The results of the field trials are shown in the table below:

[0304] Table 23. Control effects of different seed dressing agents on wheat stem rot.

[0305] deal with Disease index Prevention and control efficacy (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 1.78 90.59 Preparation Example 3: 33% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 25%) 2.64 86.07 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 3.89 79.50 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 5.03 73.25 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 8.14 56.99 Control Example 6: 8% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 3%) 4.33 77.03 Comparative Example 7: 28% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 25%) 8.11 57.02 Control Example 8: 30% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (5% + 25%) 5.17 72.77 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 5.28 72.20 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 8.89 53.06 Blank control 18.97 -

[0306] During the milk stage of wheat, the disease index of 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%) was 1.78%, and the control efficacy was 90.59%, showing the best control efficacy; the disease index of 33% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (5%+3%+25%) was 2.64%, and the control efficacy was 86.07%, showing the second best control efficacy.

[0307] Example 6: Field efficacy trial of pesticides against peanut root rot and white grubs.

[0308] Experimental site: The experiment was conducted in a peanut field in Nansongjia Village, Nanshu Town, Laixi City, Qingdao, Shandong Province. The previous crop in the experimental field was corn. The terrain of the experimental field is flat, and the soil fertility is medium to high. Wheat-corn-peanut rotation has been used for planting for many years. Peanut root rot occurred at a moderate level, and grubs were more prevalent.

[0309] Experimental crop: Peanut (Huayu 22).

[0310] Experimental targets: peanut root rot and grubs.

[0311] Experimental design: The experimental facility consisted of 15 treatments, each replicated 4 times, arranged in a randomized block design, with a plot area of ​​25 m². 2 One day before peanut sowing, accurately measure the dosage of the pesticide according to the experimental design, add a small amount of water, shake thoroughly, then put the seeds into a plastic bag, pouring and shaking continuously until well mixed, and then let it dry. The treatments and dosages of the active ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0312] Table 24 Treatments and Dosage of Active Ingredients

[0313]

[0314]

[0315] Experimental investigation methods:

[0316] Peanut root rot survey. A survey was conducted once during the peanut harvest period. Five random sampling points were taken from each plot, with four plants taken from each point. The number of infected plants and the disease index of peanut root rot were investigated for each treatment.

[0317] Peanut root rot disease grading standards:

[0318] Grade 0, with no disease spots on the stem base and taproot;

[0319] Grade 1, with a few lesions on the base of the stem and the main root;

[0320] Grade 3: There are many lesions on the base of the stem and the main root, and the lesion area accounts for 25% to 50% of the total area of ​​the stem and root;

[0321] Grade 5: There are many large lesions on the base of the stem and the main root, and the lesion area accounts for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the stem and root.

[0322] Level 7: The lesions on the base of the stem and the main root are connected, forming a ring around the stem, but the root system is not dead;

[0323] Level 9: Root necrosis, with the above-ground parts of the plant wilting or dying.

[0324]

[0325] Peanut grub survey. A survey was conducted once during the peanut harvest season (August 30th). At harvest, a five-point sampling method in a zigzag pattern was used for each plot, with four clumps sampled at each point. The soil was dug to a depth of 30cm. The number of surviving grubs and infested pods in the soil samples were investigated to calculate the insect control effect and the pod control effect.

[0326] Grading standards for pest-damaged fruit:

[0327] Grade 0: Pods are intact and show no signs of damage;

[0328] Grade 1: The pods show signs of damage.

[0329] Grade 2: The pods have small holes, but the kernels are intact and the yield is not affected;

[0330] Grade 3: The pods have large holes caused by damage, and half of the kernels are damaged, affecting yield;

[0331] Level 4: Both pods and kernels are damaged by more than 1 / 2.

[0332]

[0333]

[0334] Pod yield in each community: all pods in each community are harvested, dried, and the yield is calculated.

[0335]

[0336] The results of the field efficacy trials are shown below:

[0337] Table 24. Control effects of different seed dressing agents on peanut root rot.

[0338] deal with Disease index Prevention and control efficacy (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 2.25 83.11 Preparation Example 3: 33% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 25%) 1.86 86.48 Preparation Example 4: 38% Fluopyram·Methionine·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 30%) 1.97 85.60 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 3.31 76.39 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 3.69 72.32 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 5.81 57.87 Control Example 6: 8% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 3%) 2.97 78.88 Comparative Example 7: 28% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 25%) 6.00 56.27 Control Example 8: 30% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (5% + 25%) 3.97 71.60 Control Example 9: 35% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 30%) 4.44 67.70 Comparative Example 10: 33% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 30%) 5.89 57.46 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 4.25 69.08 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 6.33 54.07 Blank control 13.92 -

[0339] An investigation into root and stem rot during peanut harvest revealed that the disease occurred in all treatment areas. The treatment with 33% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (5%+3%+25%) showed the lowest disease index and the best control efficacy, achieving 86.48% control over root and stem rot. The treatments with 38% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (5%+3%+30%) and 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%) achieved control efficiencies of 85.60% and 83.11%, respectively.

[0340] Table 25. Control effects of different seed coating agents on peanut grubs.

[0341]

[0342]

[0343] Before harvest, the efficacy of different treatments against peanut underground pests was investigated. White grubs were the main pest, and wireworms were not found. The results showed that the 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%) and the 33% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (5%+3%+25%) treatments were the most effective in preserving peanut kernels, at 89.18% and 86.55% respectively, significantly higher than other treatments. For pest control, the 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (3%+2%+25%) and the 33% fluopyram·metalaxyl-M·fluopyram suspension seed dressing agent (5%+3%+25%) treatments were the most effective, at 87.96% and 85.40% respectively.

[0344] Table 26 Effects of different seed coating agents on peanut yield

[0345] deal with <![CDATA[Yield (kg / hm 2 )]]> Production increase rate (%) Preparation Example 1: 30% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (3% + 2% + 25%) 3605.37 33.15 Preparation Example 3: 33% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 25%) 3542.20 30.81 Preparation Example 4: 38% Fluopyram·Methionine·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating Agent (5% + 3% + 30%) 3483.36 28.64 Control Example 1: 5% Fluopyram·Methoxyfen suspension seed coating agent (3% + 2%) 3212.50 18.64 Control Example 2: 28% Fluopyram·Fluorfenicol Suspension Seed Coating (3% + 25%) 3342.22 23.43 Control Example 3: 27% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (2% + 25%) 3131.23 15.64 Control Example 6: 8% Fluopyram·Methoxyfenozide Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 3%) 3232.12 19.36 Comparative Example 7: 28% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 25%) 3109.29 14.83 Control Example 8: 30% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (5% + 25%) 3380.38 24.84 Control Example 9: 35% Fluopyram·Fluorfenazate Suspension Seed Coating (5% + 30%) 3358.97 24.05 Comparative Example 10: 33% Metalaxyl-M·Fluorfenazate suspension seed coating agent (3% + 30%) 3098.29 14.42 Control Example 11: 200 g / L fluopyram suspension seed dressing 3073.26 13.50 Comparative Example 12: 35% Metalaxyl-M suspension seed coating agent 2826.48 4.38 Comparative Example 13: 22% Fluchlorfenapyr Suspension Seed Coating 2936.23 8.44 Blank control 2707.81 /

[0346] Statistical analysis of peanut pod yields after harvesting and drying showed that the average yield for each treatment ranged from 2707.81 to 3605.37 kg / hm². 2 Among them, the highest yield was achieved in the treatment group with 30% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed coating agent (3%+2%+25%), which was 3605.37 kg / hm². 2 Compared with the control group, the yield increased by 897.56 kg / hm. 2 The increase was 33.15%; the second highest yield was achieved with the 33% fluopyram·metalaxyl·fluopyram suspension seed coating agent (5%+3%+25%) treatment group, which yielded 3542.20 kg / hm². 2 The percentage increased by 30.81% compared to the blank control.

[0347] Overall, the combined seed dressing treatment of fluopyram, metalaxyl, and fluchlorfenapyr has a good control effect on peanut root rot and peanut grubs, and can comprehensively control soil-borne diseases and underground pests in peanuts.

[0348] Through indoor toxicity testing and field trials, the rational combination of fluopyram, metalaxyl, and fluchlorantraniliprole described in this invention exhibits good control effects on soil-borne diseases and underground pests in peanuts, corn, and wheat. The combination or formulation obtained by this invention shows significant efficacy, superior to single agents in delaying the development of resistance and prolonging pesticide retention. Furthermore, the seed treatment suspension containing the active ingredients fluopyram, metalaxyl, and fluchlorantraniliprole results in rapid seed coating, prevents seed detachment, and is safe and well-tolerated by crops. No phytotoxicity was observed in the trials, indicating that the improved synergistic effect of the resulting pesticide composition or formulation reduces production and usage costs while ensuring crop safety.

[0349] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general description and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it based on the present invention, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A pesticidal composition comprising fluoxastrobin and mefenoxam, characterized in that, The pesticide composition comprises a fungicide and an insecticide, wherein the fungicide is fluopyram and metalaxyl, and the insecticide is fluchlorfenapyr. The mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl in the fungicide is 3:2 to 5:3, and the mass ratio of the fungicide to the insecticide is 8:15 to 1:

7.

2. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the bactericide to the insecticide is 1:3 to 1:

6.

3. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the bactericide to the insecticide is 8:15, 2:5, 1:3, 8:25, 4:15, 1:4, 8:35, 1:5, 1:6, or 1:

7.

4. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of fluopyram to metalaxyl to fluchlorfenapyr is 3:2:15, 3:2:20, 3:2:25, 3:2:30, 3:2:35, 5:3:15, 5:3:20, 5:3:25, 5:3:30, and 5:3:

35.

5. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% of the pesticide composition, the total content of the fungicide in the pesticide composition is 0.5% to 50%.

6. The pesticide composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% of the pesticide composition, the total content of the fungicide in the pesticide composition is 1% to 10%.

7. The pesticide composition according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% of the pesticide composition, the total content of the fungicide in the pesticide composition is 2% to 8%.

8. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% of the pesticide composition, the content of the insecticide in the pesticide composition is 5% to 50%.

9. The pesticide composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% of the pesticide composition, the content of the insecticide in the pesticide composition is 10% to 40%.

10. The pesticide composition according to claim 9, characterized in that, Based on a total weight of 100 wt% of the pesticide composition, the content of the insecticide in the pesticide composition is 15% to 35%.

11. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pesticide composition further includes adjuvants selected from one or more of the following: wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, thickeners, disintegrants, antifreeze agents, defoamers, solvents, preservatives, stabilizers, warning colors, film-forming agents, synergists, and carriers.

12. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pesticide composition is formulated as a seed treatment suspension, microcapsule suspension, or dry seed dressing agent.

13. The pesticide composition according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pesticide composition is formulated as a seed treatment suspension.

14. The application of the pesticide composition according to any one of claims 1-13 in the control of plant diseases and / or pests, characterized in that, The plants mentioned include corn, wheat, or peanut; the plant diseases mentioned are corn stem base rot, wheat root rot, and peanut root rot; the pests mentioned are grubs, cutworms, wireworms, fall armyworms, and corn borers.

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