Electrolytic hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production system. The electrolytic hydrogen production system is characterized in that an inlet of an oxygen separator is communicated with an outlet of an electrolytic bath through a first gas-liquid pipeline; an inlet of the first tank body is communicated with a gas outlet of the oxygen separator through a first gas pipe; the first liquid pipe is communicated between the liquid outlet of the first tank body and the liquid inlet of the oxygen separator; an inlet of the hydrogen separator is communicated with an outlet of the electrolytic cell through a second gas-liquid pipeline; the inlet of the second tank body is communicated with the gas outlet of the hydrogen separator through a second gas pipe; the second liquid pipe is communicated between the liquid outlet of the second tank body and the liquid inlet of the hydrogen separator; the second heat exchanger is arranged on the second liquid pipe; the third liquid pipe is communicated between the outlet of the oxygen separator and the inlet of the electrolytic cell; and the fourth liquid pipe is communicated between the outlet of the hydrogen separator and the third liquid pipe. And the working voltage of the electrolytic bath is greater than or equal to 1.48 V and less than or equal to 1.56 V. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the cost of electrolytic hydrogen production is high in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, and in particular to an electrolytic hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] The operating chamber voltage of a conventional alkaline water electrolysis system is usually higher than the thermoneutral voltage, generally maintained at 1.8 to 2.0 V. Considering that the input power during high-voltage operation exceeds the required energy, the electrolyzer will operate in an exothermic mode, thus generating a large amount of additional heat, resulting in higher unit energy consumption, and additional cooling equipment is required to remove waste heat to maintain stable operation, further increasing the overall cost of the system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production system by electrolysis to solve the problem of high cost of hydrogen production by electrolysis in the related art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production system, comprising: an electrolyzer; an oxygen separator, wherein the inlet of the oxygen separator is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer through a first gas-liquid pipeline; a first tank body, wherein the inlet of the first tank body is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen separator through a first gas pipe; a first liquid pipe, connected between the liquid outlet of the first tank body and the liquid inlet of the oxygen separator; a first heat exchanger, arranged on the first liquid pipe; a hydrogen separator, wherein the inlet of the hydrogen separator is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer through a second gas-liquid pipeline; a second tank body, wherein the inlet of the second tank body is connected to the gas outlet of the hydrogen separator through a second gas pipe; a second liquid pipe, connected between the liquid outlet of the second tank body and the liquid inlet of the hydrogen separator; a second heat exchanger, arranged on the second liquid pipe; a third liquid pipe, connected between the outlet of the oxygen separator and the inlet of the electrolyzer; and a fourth liquid pipe, connected between the outlet of the hydrogen separator and the third liquid pipe; wherein the operating voltage of the electrolyzer is greater than or equal to 1.48V and less than or equal to 1.56V.

[0005] Furthermore, the electrolytic hydrogen production system also includes a thermal insulation structure, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the electrolytic cell.

[0006] Furthermore, the material of the thermal insulation structure is at least one of expanded polystyrene board, graphite modified molded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene board, polyurethane foam board, phenolic resin board, composite thermal insulation mortar and thermal insulation rubber.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the thermal insulation structure is greater than or equal to 5 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature of the alkaline solution in the electrolytic cell is greater than or equal to 80° C. and less than or equal to 130° C., and / or the electrolyte solution is a potassium hydroxide solution with a concentration of greater than or equal to 5 wt % and less than or equal to 30 wt %.

[0009] Furthermore, the first tank body and the second tank body are both filled with desalted water.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrolytic hydrogen production system also includes a pump body, which is arranged on the third liquid pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector and a third temperature detector. The first temperature detector is arranged on the third liquid pipe, the second temperature detector is arranged on the first gas-liquid pipeline, and the third temperature detector is arranged on the second gas-liquid pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature in the first gas-liquid pipeline is T1, the temperature in the second gas-liquid pipeline is T2, and the rated operating temperature of the electrolysis hydrogen production system is T, wherein when (T1+T2) / 2>T, the operating current of the electrolyzer is reduced, and when (T1+T2) / 2<T, the operating current of the electrolyzer is increased.

[0013] Further, the power of the first heat exchanger is proportional to (((T1+T2) / 2)-T3), wherein T3 is the temperature in the fourth liquid pipe.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the inlet of the oxygen separator is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer through the first gas-liquid pipeline, and the inlet of the first tank body is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen separator through the first gas pipe. The first liquid pipe is connected between the liquid outlet of the first tank body and the liquid inlet of the oxygen separator. The inlet of the hydrogen separator is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer through the second gas-liquid pipeline. The inlet of the second tank body is connected to the gas outlet of the hydrogen separator through the second gas pipe. The second liquid pipe is connected between the liquid outlet of the second tank body and the liquid inlet of the hydrogen separator. The second heat exchanger is arranged on the second liquid pipe. The third liquid pipe is connected between the outlet of the oxygen separator and the inlet of the electrolyzer. The fourth liquid pipe is connected between the outlet of the hydrogen separator and the third liquid pipe. Through the above arrangement, the liquid in the first tank body enters the first heat exchanger and enters the oxygen separator, and then enters the electrolyzer from the oxygen separator, and the liquid in the second tank body enters the second heat exchanger and enters the hydrogen separator, and then enters the electrolyzer from the hydrogen separator, and realizes electrolytic hydrogen production. The generated gas-liquid mixed fluid enters the oxygen separator and the hydrogen separator respectively through the first gas-liquid pipeline and the second gas-liquid pipeline, and the gas is separated from the gas-liquid mixed fluid and enters the first tank body and the second tank body respectively, and finally discharged. And because the working voltage of the electrolyzer is between 1.48V and 1.56V, the electrolyzer moves under the condition of thermoneutral voltage or close to thermoneutral voltage, so that there is no heat loss or low heat loss in the process of electric hydrogen conversion. At the same time, in order to reduce the heat loss caused by the latent heat or sensible heat of hydrogen and oxygen, the generated gas is filled into the first tank body and the second tank body for heat exchange. And in order to reduce the impact of the replenishment on the temperature of the electrolyte, the liquid in the first tank body and the second tank body respectively exchanges heat with the generated gas, so that the temperature of the liquid in the first tank body and the second tank body increases, so that there is no need to use an alkali liquid cooler to control the temperature of the alkali liquid in the electrolytic hydrogen production system. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of high cost of electrolytic hydrogen production in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a hydrogen production system by electrolysis according to the present invention is shown.

[0017] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0018] 10. electrolytic cell; 20. oxygen separator; 21. first gas-liquid pipeline; 31. first tank body; 311. first gas pipe; 32. second tank body; 321. second gas pipe; 41. first liquid pipe; 42. second liquid pipe; 43. third liquid pipe; 44. fourth liquid pipe; 51. first heat exchanger; 52. second heat exchanger; 60. hydrogen separator; 61. second gas-liquid pipeline; 70. thermal insulation structure; 80. pump body; 91. first temperature detector; 92. second temperature detector; 93. third temperature detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production system includes: an electrolyzer 10, an oxygen separator 20, a first tank body 31, a first liquid pipe 41, a first heat exchanger 51, a hydrogen separator 60, a second tank body 32, a second heat exchanger 52, a third liquid pipe 43 and a fourth liquid pipe 44. The inlet of the oxygen separator 20 is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer 10 through the first gas-liquid pipeline 21. The inlet of the first tank body 31 is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen separator 20 through the first gas pipe 311. The first liquid pipe 41 is connected between the liquid outlet of the first tank body 31 and the liquid inlet of the oxygen separator 20. The first heat exchanger 51 is arranged on the first liquid pipe 41. The inlet of the hydrogen separator 60 is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer 10 through the second gas-liquid pipeline 61. The inlet of the second tank body 32 is connected to the gas outlet of the hydrogen separator 60 through the second gas pipe 321. The second liquid pipe 42 is connected between the liquid outlet of the second tank 32 and the liquid inlet of the hydrogen separator 60. The second heat exchanger 52 is disposed on the second liquid pipe 42. The third liquid pipe 43 is connected between the outlet of the oxygen separator 20 and the inlet of the electrolyzer 10. The fourth liquid pipe 44 is connected between the outlet of the hydrogen separator 60 and the third liquid pipe 43. The operating voltage of the electrolyzer 10 is greater than or equal to 1.48V and less than or equal to 1.56V.

[0023] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the inlet of the oxygen separator 20 is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer 10 through the first gas-liquid pipeline 21, and the inlet of the first tank body 31 is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen separator 20 through the first gas pipe 311. The first liquid pipe 41 is connected between the liquid outlet of the first tank body 31 and the liquid inlet of the oxygen separator 20. The inlet of the hydrogen separator 60 is connected to the outlet of the electrolyzer 10 through the second gas-liquid pipeline 61. The inlet of the second tank body 32 is connected to the gas outlet of the hydrogen separator 60 through the second gas pipe 321. The second liquid pipe 42 is connected between the liquid outlet of the second tank body 32 and the liquid inlet of the hydrogen separator 60. The second heat exchanger 52 is arranged on the second liquid pipe 42. The third liquid pipe 43 is connected between the outlet of the oxygen separator 20 and the inlet of the electrolyzer 10. The fourth liquid pipe 44 is connected between the outlet of the hydrogen separator 60 and the third liquid pipe 43. Through the above arrangement, the liquid in the first tank body 31 enters the first heat exchanger 51 and enters the oxygen separator 20, and then enters the electrolyzer 10 from the oxygen separator 20, and the liquid in the second tank body 32 enters the second heat exchanger 52 and enters the hydrogen separator 60, and then enters the electrolyzer 10 from the hydrogen separator 60, and realizes electrolysis hydrogen production. The generated gas-liquid mixed fluid enters the oxygen separator 20 and the hydrogen separator 60 respectively through the first gas-liquid pipeline 21 and the second gas-liquid pipeline 61, and the gas is separated from the gas-liquid mixed fluid and enters the first tank body 31 and the second tank body 32 respectively, and finally discharged. And because the working voltage of the electrolyzer 10 is between 1.48V and 1.56V, the electrolyzer 10 moves under the condition of thermal neutral voltage or close to thermal neutral voltage, so that there is no heat loss or low heat loss in the process of electric hydrogen conversion. At the same time, in order to reduce the heat loss caused by the latent heat or sensible heat of hydrogen and oxygen, the generated gas is respectively filled into the first tank body 31 and the second tank body 32 for heat exchange. In order to reduce the impact of the liquid replenishment on the temperature of the electrolyte, the liquid in the first tank body 31 and the second tank body 32 respectively exchanges heat with the generated gas, thereby increasing the temperature of the liquid in the first tank body 31 and the second tank body 32, so that the alkali liquid cooler is not required to control the temperature of the alkali liquid in the electrolytic hydrogen production system. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of high cost of electrolytic hydrogen production in the related art.

[0024] Specifically, by precisely controlling the operating voltage of the electrolyzer 10, the system can achieve efficient electrolysis at low energy consumption, which is suitable for large-scale industrial hydrogen production or small-scale distributed hydrogen production, effectively reducing the cost of hydrogen production. This precise voltage control has a significant effect, and compared with traditional electrolytic hydrogen production systems, the energy consumption is significantly reduced.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production system further includes a heat preservation structure 70, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the electrolytic cell 10. The above arrangement can ensure the temperature of the electrolytic cell 10, thereby preventing the temperature loss of the electrolytic cell 10. The arrangement of the heat preservation structure 70 reduces the heat loss of the electrolytic cell 10, improves the electrolysis efficiency, and can maintain the stable operation of the electrolytic cell 10, especially in cold areas or low temperature environments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the material of the insulation structure 70 is at least one of expanded polystyrene board, graphite modified molded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene board, polyurethane foam board, phenolic resin board, composite insulation mortar and insulation rubber. These materials not only have good thermal insulation performance, but also are low-cost, easy to install and maintain, so that the system can maintain efficient operation under various environmental conditions and is suitable for industrial hydrogen production scenarios under different climatic conditions. Selecting these materials as the material of the insulation structure not only reduces the overall cost of the system, but also simplifies the installation and maintenance process. Even under harsh natural conditions, the system can maintain efficient operation, providing reliable technical guarantees for industrial hydrogen production in different climatic regions.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the thickness of the insulation structure 70 is greater than or equal to 5 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm. Reasonable insulation thickness can effectively maintain the temperature of the electrolyzer without excessively increasing the volume and cost of the system, and is suitable for industrial sites or mobile hydrogen production equipment with limited space. The insulation structure 70 under this design can not only ensure that the electrolyzer 10 operates under optimal temperature conditions, but also take into account the compactness and economy of the system.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the heat insulation structure 70 is 10 cm.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the temperature of the alkaline solution in the electrolytic cell 10 is greater than or equal to 80°C and less than or equal to 130°C, and the electrolyte solution is a potassium hydroxide solution greater than or equal to 5wt% and less than or equal to 30wt%. Within this temperature and electrolyte concentration range, the system can achieve optimal electrolysis efficiency and hydrogen purity, and is suitable for industrial applications with high requirements for hydrogen quality. Under this temperature and concentration condition, the system can produce high-purity hydrogen, meeting the needs of high-demand applications such as fuel cell vehicles, while also reducing energy consumption and costs in the subsequent hydrogen purification process.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the first tank body 31 and the second tank body 32 are filled with desalted water. Desalted water, as a heat exchange medium, can effectively absorb and transfer the heat generated during the electrolysis process, thereby improving heat utilization.

[0031] Using desalted water as the heat exchange medium not only improves the efficiency of heat energy transfer, but also avoids electrolyte contamination and corrosion, extends the service life of the system, and provides an effective means for achieving thermal management of industrial-grade hydrogen production.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production system further includes a pump body 80, which is disposed on the third liquid pipe 43. The arrangement of the pump body 80 ensures the circulation of the liquid, improves the working efficiency of the electrolyzer 10, and is suitable for industrial hydrogen production systems that require stable electrolyte circulation.

[0033] The circulation effect of the pump body 80 ensures the uniform distribution and temperature control of the electrolyte inside the electrolytic cell 10, and can maintain the stability and electrolysis efficiency of the system even under extreme working conditions.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production system further includes a first temperature detector 91, a second temperature detector 92 and a third temperature detector 93. The first temperature detector 91 is arranged on the third liquid pipe 43, the second temperature detector 92 is arranged on the first gas-liquid pipeline 21, and the third temperature detector 93 is arranged on the second gas-liquid pipeline 61. The arrangement of the first temperature detector 91, the second temperature detector 92 and the third temperature detector 93 can monitor the temperature of key parts of the system in real time, ensure that the system operates within a safe range, and is suitable for industrial hydrogen production environments that require real-time monitoring and control.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the real-time monitoring function of the first temperature detector 91, the second temperature detector 92 and the third temperature detector 93 enables the system to detect and handle temperature anomalies in a timely manner, avoiding equipment damage or efficiency reduction caused by overheating or overcooling, and improving the safety and reliability of the system. It is particularly suitable for unmanned or remotely operated industrial hydrogen production scenarios, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the temperature in the first gas-liquid pipeline 21 is T1, the temperature in the second gas-liquid pipeline 61 is T2, and the rated operating temperature of the electrolytic hydrogen production system is T, wherein when (T1+T2) / 2>T, the operating current of the electrolyzer 10 is reduced, and when (T1+T2) / 2<T, the operating current of the electrolyzer 10 is increased. This dynamic adjustment mechanism can automatically adjust the working state of the electrolyzer according to the actual operation of the system, improve the stability and safety of the system, and is suitable for industrial scenarios that require flexible adjustment of the hydrogen production rate.

[0037] The application of this dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the system to automatically adjust the hydrogen production rate according to the external ambient temperature and internal heat exchange conditions, which not only ensures the continuous supply of hydrogen but also avoids energy waste. Especially in the case of unstable power supply or large fluctuations in demand, it can achieve dynamic matching of hydrogen production and electricity demand, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the power of the first heat exchanger 51 is proportional to (((T1+T2) / 2)-T3), where T3 is the temperature in the fourth liquid pipe 44. By adjusting the power of the first heat exchanger 51, the system can more accurately control the heat exchange process and improve the utilization rate of thermal energy, which is suitable for industrial hydrogen production environments that require fine temperature control.

[0039] Specifically, the power control mechanism of the first heat exchanger 51 in the above-mentioned design can automatically adjust the working intensity of the heat exchanger according to the temperature difference within the system, thereby ensuring the thermal balance between the electrolyzer and the storage tank and avoiding the influence of temperature fluctuations on the hydrogen production and purity.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown. Specifically, the first tank body 31, the second tank body 32 and the exterior of multiple pipelines are insulated and heat-preserved, and the electrolytic hydrogen production system does not contain an alkali liquid cooler for controlling the alkali liquid temperature; the electrolyzer 10 operates at a thermoneutral voltage or a voltage close to a thermoneutral voltage, so there is no heat loss or a low heat loss during the electric-hydrogen conversion process; at the same time, in order to reduce the heat loss caused by the latent heat or sensible heat of hydrogen and oxygen, the product gas of the electrolytic hydrogen production system is first introduced into the water in the water replenishment tank for a heat exchange, and then enters the subsequent purification unit; in order to reduce the uncontrollable effect of water replenishment on the electrolyte temperature, the desalted water after the gas heat recovery enters the hydrogen separator 60 and the oxygen separator 20 after being heated by the first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52.

[0041] When the electrolytic hydrogen production system is started, the preheated alkali solution is directly added to the electrolytic hydrogen production system, and it is not necessary to make it reach the rated temperature through the self-heating process in the cold start operation of the traditional electrolyzer. During the operation of the electrolytic hydrogen production system, the rectifier cabinet controls the current to keep the cell voltage of the electrolyzer 10 at the thermal neutral voltage at the corresponding working temperature. Under this working condition, the electrolytic hydrogen production reaction does not release heat or absorb heat to the outside. The electrolyte in the electrolytic hydrogen production system can be maintained at this working temperature under the condition of adopting thermal insulation measures, and there is no need to use an alkali solution cooler to eliminate the excess heat generated by the electrolytic reaction.

[0042] When the power in the electrolytic hydrogen production system fluctuates or there is non-ideal heat loss, the electrolyzer will inevitably produce temperature fluctuations. Since the system does not contain a heater or a cooler, temperature regulation must be achieved by adjusting the power of the electrolyzer 10. Reducing the working current of the electrolyzer 10 can reduce the corresponding electrolyzer 10 chamber voltage. When the chamber voltage value is lower than the thermoneutral voltage at this temperature, the electrolytic hydrogen production reaction is an endothermic reaction. Under this operating condition, the electrolyzer 10 will cool down the electrolyte; conversely, increasing the working current of the electrolyzer 10 can increase the corresponding electrolyzer chamber voltage. When the chamber voltage value is higher than the thermoneutral voltage at this temperature, the electrolytic hydrogen production reaction is an exothermic reaction. Under this operating condition, the electrolyzer will heat up the electrolyte.

[0043] In order to prevent the water replenishment of the electrolytic hydrogen production system from affecting the electrolyte temperature, the first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52 are used to control the replenishment water temperature. The first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52 heat the replenishment water, and the heat source is industrial low-temperature waste heat.

[0044] In the hydrogen production by electrolysis section:

[0045] The alkaline solution of the alkaline electrolytic cell 10 is 80-130° C., the electrolyte solution is 5-30 wt % potassium hydroxide solution, and the pressure is 1-3 MPa. Under the above conditions, the working voltage of the electrolytic cell 10 is 1.48-1.56V.

[0046] In order to increase the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolytic hydrogen production system at a thermal neutral voltage, metal salts are added to the electrolyte solution to increase the conductivity of the solution.

[0047] Among them, in order to increase the hydrogen production of the electrolytic hydrogen production system under a thermal neutral voltage, a multi-element alloy electrode is used in the electrolytic cell 10, the cathode electrode catalytic component is a nickel-molybdenum alloy, and a third metal element is added, which is one of cobalt, zinc, lanthanum, titanium, and strontium; the anode electrode catalytic component is a nickel-iron alloy, and a third metal element is added, which is one of cobalt, copper, molybdenum, and manganese.

[0048] Among them, in order to increase the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system under the thermoneutral voltage, the electrolyzer uses a relatively low-thickness organic-inorganic composite diaphragm, the thickness of which is 200 to 500 μm, or a relatively low-thickness anion exchange membrane, the thickness of which is 25 to 100 μm;

[0049] Wherein, under the conditions of the above-mentioned electrolytic cell 10, the current density of hydrogen production by electrolysis under the cell voltage can reach 500-1500A / m2;

[0050] The heat source of the first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52 is industrial waste heat, and the first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52 are of the type of a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger;

[0051] Among them, the material of the external insulation layer of the electrolytic cell 10, the first tank body 31, the second tank body 32, the first heat exchanger 51, the second heat exchanger 52, the hydrogen separator 60 and the oxygen separator 20 is selected from one of expanded polystyrene board, graphite modified molded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene board, polyurethane foam board, phenolic resin board, composite insulation mortar, and insulation rubber, and the thickness of the insulation layer is 5 to 15 cm.

[0052] The flow rate of the pump body 80 is 0.02 to 0.05 of the hydrogen production of the system.

[0053] The electrolysis hydrogen production system of this embodiment improves the electrolysis efficiency and safety by precisely controlling the operating voltage and temperature of the electrolyzer. By providing the first tank body 31 and the second tank body 32, and the corresponding first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52, the system can effectively recover and utilize the heat generated during the electrolysis process, which not only reduces energy waste, but also improves the thermal management performance of the entire system. In addition, the provision of the insulation structure 70 further reduces heat loss, ensures that the electrolyzer 10 operates within the optimal temperature range, thereby improving the output and purity of hydrogen. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of the first temperature detector 91, the second temperature detector 92 and the third temperature detector 93 in the system can monitor and adjust the working state of the electrolyzer in real time, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0055] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0056] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production system by electrolysis, characterized in that: include: Electrolytic cell (10); an oxygen separator (20), wherein the inlet of the oxygen separator (20) is connected to the outlet of the electrolytic cell (10) via a first gas-liquid pipeline (21); A first tank body (31), wherein the inlet of the first tank body (31) is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen separator (20) through a first gas pipe (311); a first liquid pipe (41) connected between the liquid outlet of the first tank (31) and the liquid inlet of the oxygen separator (20); A first heat exchanger (51) is arranged on the first liquid pipe (41); A hydrogen separator (60), wherein the inlet of the hydrogen separator (60) is connected to the outlet of the electrolytic cell (10) via a second gas-liquid pipeline (61); A second tank body (32), wherein the inlet of the second tank body (32) is connected to the gas outlet of the hydrogen separator (60) through a second gas pipe (321); a second liquid pipe (42) connected between the liquid outlet of the second tank (32) and the liquid inlet of the hydrogen separator (60); a second heat exchanger (52), disposed on the second liquid pipe (42); a third liquid pipe (43) connected between the outlet of the oxygen separator (20) and the inlet of the electrolytic cell (10); a fourth liquid pipe (44) connected between the outlet of the hydrogen separator (60) and the third liquid pipe (43); Wherein, the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell (10) is greater than or equal to 1.48V and less than or equal to 1.56V.

2. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic hydrogen production system further comprises a thermal insulation structure (70), wherein the thermal insulation structure (70) is arranged around the outer periphery of the electrolytic cell (10).

3. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the thermal insulation structure (70) is at least one of expanded polystyrene board, graphite-modified molded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene board, polyurethane foam board, phenolic resin board, composite thermal insulation mortar and thermal insulation rubber.

4. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat-insulating structure (70) is greater than or equal to 5 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm.

5. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the alkaline solution in the electrolytic cell (10) is greater than or equal to 80° C. and less than or equal to 130° C., and / or the electrolyte solution is a potassium hydroxide solution with a concentration of greater than or equal to 5wt% and less than or equal to 30wt%.

6. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tank body (31) and the second tank body (32) are both filled with desalted water.

7. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic hydrogen production system further comprises a pump body (80), and the pump body (80) is arranged on the third liquid pipe (43).

8. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes a first temperature detector (91), a second temperature detector (92) and a third temperature detector (93), wherein the first temperature detector (91) is arranged on the third liquid pipe (43), the second temperature detector (92) is arranged on the first gas-liquid pipeline (21), and the third temperature detector (93) is arranged on the second gas-liquid pipeline (61).

9. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature in the first gas-liquid pipeline (21) is T1, the temperature in the second gas-liquid pipeline (61) is T2, and the rated operating temperature of the electrolytic hydrogen production system is T, wherein when (T1+T2) / 2>T, the operating current of the electrolytic cell (10) is reduced, and when (T1+T2) / 2<T, the operating current of the electrolytic cell (10) is increased.

10. The electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power of the first heat exchanger (51) is proportional to (((T1+T2) / 2)-T3), wherein T3 is the temperature in the fourth liquid pipe (44).

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