Photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent regulation and control system and construction and implementation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy photovoltaic power generation and communication thereof, in particular to a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent regulation and control system and a construction and implementation method thereof. The system comprises a wireless acquisition and forwarding device, a wireless routing device and a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, wherein the wireless acquisition and forwarding device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are electrically connected with corresponding power supplies respectively; the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is used as a core signal to access the wireless acquisition and forwarding device; or when the site is large, the wireless routing device is used as relay equipment, and the corresponding wireless acquisition and forwarding device is accessed; the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is in signal connection with the photovoltaic inverters, and each photovoltaic inverter corresponds to a photovoltaic unit. According to the invention, the LoRa wireless communication technology is applied to photovoltaic data access and regulation, so that the communication distance can be effectively increased, an ad hoc network in a region is realized, and concurrent regulation of a plurality of photovoltaic inverters is realized based on a local network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy photovoltaic power generation technology and communication technology thereof, and in particular to a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system and a construction and implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic has the characteristics of large and dispersed power generation, strong volatility, poor controllability, and high risk of disconnection, which greatly increases the complexity and difficulty of power grid management. How to combine photovoltaic with power grid operation and improve the stability and efficiency of power grid operation is of great significance for building a new power system. At present, the data of photovoltaic inverters are generally sent to the platforms of various manufacturers or third-party service providers through 4G collection sticks, and generally only operation data, not involving regulation operations, and does not support concurrent regulation. In the context of increasing photovoltaic penetration, based on the LoRa wireless communication method, it is necessary to realize the adaptive collection and access of photovoltaic data, and fully consider the security of data transmission; at the same time, meet the stability and security requirements of the power department for the operation of the distribution network, and realize large-scale rapid concurrent regulation of photovoltaic regions. However, there is no mature and reliable solution at present, so it is necessary to design a new solution to meet the actual use needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies and provide a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system and its construction and implementation method, so as to realize the monitoring and control of the operating status of new energy photovoltaics and effectively ensure the stability and safety of distribution network operation.

[0004] The present invention applies LoRa wireless communication technology to photovoltaic data access and regulation, which can effectively increase the communication distance, realize self-organizing network within the region, and realize concurrent regulation of multiple photovoltaic inverters based on the local network. In addition, the LoRa wireless channel can realize secure data interaction based on symmetric encryption, effectively improving the security of power grid data.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control system comprises a wireless collection and forwarding device, a wireless routing device and a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, wherein the wireless collection and forwarding device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are electrically connected to corresponding power supplies respectively; the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is used as a core signal to access the wireless collection and forwarding device; or when the site is large, the wireless routing device is used as a relay device to access the corresponding wireless collection and forwarding device; the wireless collection and forwarding device signal is connected to a photovoltaic inverter, and each photovoltaic inverter corresponds to a photovoltaic unit.

[0007] The wireless collection and forwarding device comprises a processor, a running memory, a signal collection device and a data transceiver device; wherein the running memory is used to store corresponding data, the processor processes internal data, the data transceiver device is used to transmit and receive data with the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and the signal collection device is used to collect data signals of the photovoltaic unit.

[0008] The wireless data collection and forwarding device has built-in inverter search model, data collection model, data analysis model and control model;

[0009] The inverter search model is used to achieve protocol adaptation of the photovoltaic inverter. Its working principle is: after power-on, the communication parameters are set and a specific sniffing frame is sent to the photovoltaic inverter. If the correct response frame is received, the communication parameters and the corresponding inverter model serial number are recorded; otherwise, the next sniffing frame is sent to continue searching until the correct photovoltaic inverter is found. In this process, the device will also adjust the communication parameters and the address of the sniffing frame.

[0010] The function of the data acquisition model is to realize the acquisition of photovoltaic inverter data. According to the inverter model found, the acquisition frame is filled, and then the data is sent to the photovoltaic inverter through the communication interface, while waiting for the return frame from the inverter; after receiving the return frame, the data is verified, and if the data is correct, it is stored in the corresponding cache.

[0011] The role of the data parsing model is to achieve correct parsing of the data. The data in the cache will be processed, involving various calculations or operations, including displacement, merging, disassembly, coefficients, offsets, and other methods or corresponding combinations, and finally the correct data will be calculated.

[0012] The function of the control model is to realize the control of the photovoltaic inverter. After receiving the control command from the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, it parses the data related to itself, records the control object and the control target, and then sends it to the photovoltaic inverter through the communication interface to execute the control operation.

[0013] Specifically, the wireless data collection and forwarding device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are all connected by LoRa wireless. The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is the builder and manager of the entire LoRa network, and is also the data aggregation end, responsible for establishing the LoRa network and waiting for the wireless data collection and forwarding device to join; the wireless data collection and forwarding device is the terminal node in the entire LoRa wireless network, responsible for collecting data from the photovoltaic inverter, and responding to the call of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and sending the collected photovoltaic data to the other party; at the same time, the wireless data collection and forwarding device also receives concurrent control instructions from the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and performs control operations on the photovoltaic inverter.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is one, and the number of the wireless collection and forwarding device is at least one.

[0015] Furthermore, the wireless routing device plays a bridging role. When the LoRa wireless signal cannot cover the entire area, the wireless network coverage can be expanded through the wireless routing device; the matching between the wireless routing device and the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is one-to-one, or one-to-many; that is, when the space is large and the signal is weak, the matching between the wireless routing device and the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is one-to-one; when the space is large and the signal is strong, the matching between the wireless routing device and the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is one-to-many.

[0016] Furthermore, the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal summons data from all wireless collection and forwarding devices, and aggregates the data and sends it to the upper-level device or platform; in addition, the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal also receives control instructions from the upper-level device or platform, and distributes the control instructions to each wireless collection and forwarding device; there is only one photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in a network.

[0017] The wireless acquisition and forwarding device supports two power supply modes: alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) (hereinafter referred to as AC power supply and DC power supply); the wireless acquisition and forwarding device supports 3 serial ports, the serial port form is RS485, RS232 or TTL level; and supports 1 LoRa.

[0018] When the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is powered by AC, AC 220V is used, and the voltage range is 85V to 265V.

[0019] When the wireless collection and forwarding device is powered by DC, it is powered by a photovoltaic inverter 4G stick interface with a voltage range of 3.3V to 30V.

[0020] The serial port in the wireless data collection and forwarding device has a unified external form and can be switched to RS485, RS232 or TTL internally, so that it can match the communication interface of photovoltaic inverters of different manufacturers and models.

[0021] The LoRa described in the wireless acquisition and forwarding device has a wide channel coverage range, supports frequency adjustment, and the step value is 1MHz; supports broadcast communication mode and point-to-point communication mode; supports air data encryption, the encryption method is symmetric encryption, and the key is configurable.

[0022] The wireless data collection and forwarding device supports serial port expansion function, that is, when the communication interface of the photovoltaic inverter is occupied, it can expand an additional serial port to ensure its own data collection without affecting the original collector.

[0023] The wireless data collection and forwarding device supports photovoltaic inverter protocol adaptation. The wireless data collection and forwarding device can automatically identify the currently connected photovoltaic inverter according to the characteristics of photovoltaic inverter protocols of different brands and models, and then match the corresponding data collection model; photovoltaic data can be collected without human intervention.

[0024] The wireless data collection and forwarding device supports concurrent control and analysis, and then matches with the data control model after analysis.

[0025] The wireless routing device supports two power supply modes, AC and DC; supports 1-way LoRa; the wireless routing device itself does not participate in data processing in the network, but only serves to expand the network coverage.

[0026] The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports 2 network ports; supports 1 4G full network public network or 4G 1.8GHz power private network; supports 3 RS485 interfaces; supports 1 HPLC micro-power wireless dual-mode interface; supports 1 LoRa.

[0027] The 4G 1.8GHz power-specific network described in the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal has a 4G frequency band that is dedicated to power.

[0028] The HPLC micro-power wireless dual-mode interface described in the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports interconnection and can switch seamlessly.

[0029] Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal summons photovoltaic data from various wireless collection and forwarding devices through LoRa wireless, and aggregates single photovoltaic data to form a photovoltaic data set.

[0030] The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports establishing a connection with the upper-level device or platform through any one or more of the following methods: network port / RS485 / 4G public network / 4G private network, and uploading the photovoltaic data set.

[0031] Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports establishing connection with the upper-level device or platform through any one or more of the following methods: network port / RS485 / 4G public network / 4G private network, and accepting control instructions.

[0032] Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal disassembles the control instructions issued by the upper-level device or platform and reassembles them into new data packets, which are sent to each wireless collection and forwarding device via LoRa wireless.

[0033] The wireless collection and forwarding device is used to collect data from the photovoltaic inverter, and respond to the call of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal to send the collected photovoltaic data to the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal; it is also used to receive concurrent control instructions from the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal to perform control operations on the photovoltaic inverter;

[0034] The wireless routing device is used to forward wireless network signals, forward the wireless network signals to nearby wireless network devices through the antenna, bridge the wireless network, and thus expand the coverage of the wireless network;

[0035] The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, as the core of the entire system, is used to build a network and wait for the wireless data collection and forwarding device to join; call the data of all wireless data collection and forwarding devices on the network, and send the data to the upper-level device or platform after aggregation; receive the control instructions of the upper-level device or platform, and distribute the control instructions to each wireless data collection and forwarding device on the network;

[0036] The wireless collection and forwarding device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are all connected in a LoRa wireless manner, that is, the wireless collection and forwarding device and the wireless routing device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and the wireless collection and forwarding device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are all connected in a LoRa wireless manner.

[0037] The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is a wireless access intelligent encryption terminal, and the device is a commercially available product.

[0038] The present invention also provides a method for constructing and implementing a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Taking the substation or photovoltaic power station as a unit, a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is installed at the substation transformer or the power distribution room of the power station, and a wireless acquisition and forwarding device is installed at each photovoltaic inverter. The serial port of the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is connected to the communication interface of the photovoltaic inverter;

[0040] Step 2, power on the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal to establish a LoRa wireless network; power on the wireless acquisition and forwarding device to automatically join the LoRa wireless network; the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal determines whether all wireless acquisition and forwarding devices have joined the LoRa wireless network; if there are wireless acquisition and forwarding devices that have not joined, install a wireless routing device at a suitable location according to the actual situation, and the wireless routing device automatically realizes the transfer of LoRa wireless data after powering on;

[0041] Step 3: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device detects the inverter on the serial bus according to the built-in inverter search model. After successful detection, the model parameters are recorded. The model parameters will be used first for search and matching at the next power-on.

[0042] Step 4: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device sends a data acquisition frame to the photovoltaic inverter according to the built-in data acquisition model, and receives a response frame from the photovoltaic inverter;

[0043] Step 5, the wireless acquisition and forwarding device analyzes the response frame according to the built-in data analysis model, and stores the analysis result in the running memory of the wireless acquisition and forwarding device;

[0044] Step 6: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device receives the call frame of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, packages the data in the memory of the wireless data acquisition and forwarding device, and returns a response frame to the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal;

[0045] Step 7: The wireless acquisition and forwarding device receives the control frame of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in real time. According to the built-in control model, the wireless acquisition and forwarding device first disassembles the control frame sent by the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and then composes one or more actual control frames, and sends them to the photovoltaic inverter to complete the control task.

[0046] Step 8: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal sends call frames to each wireless collection and forwarding device in sequence and at a fixed time, and the receiver responds to the frame.

[0047] Step 9: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal parses the response frames of each wireless collection and forwarding device, and composes the parsed data into a photovoltaic data set, which is sent to the upper-level device or platform in the form of a data set.

[0048] Step 10: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal parses and receives the control instructions from the upper-level device or platform, executes the concurrent process, and sends it to the wireless collection and forwarding device.

[0049] Furthermore, in step 2, there is no requirement on the power-on time of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal and the wireless forwarding collection device.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the method for developing a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. It realizes the adaptive collection of photovoltaic data without manual configuration, saving implementation cycle;

[0052] 2. Integrates the photovoltaic inverter communication interface expansion function without affecting the original collector;

[0053] 3. Use LoRa wireless method to build a local area network, no wiring required, and simple construction;

[0054] 4. It truly realizes concurrent regulation and greatly shortens the regulation time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of concurrent control of the present invention (including two working conditions of signal connection between the wireless collection and forwarding device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal);

[0056] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a built-in model of the wireless data collection and forwarding device of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of the present invention; wherein the control process in the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is a sub-process, which is controlled by the instruction of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wireless acquisition and forwarding device in the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the wireless collection and forwarding device, the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal and the photovoltaic inverter in the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the process of collecting data and performing data buffering by the wireless collection and forwarding device in the present invention.

[0061] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in the present invention, which needs to summon the wireless collection and forwarding device and collect its cached data for analysis.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in the present invention that needs to be regulated by a wireless collection and forwarding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following is attached to the instruction manual Figure 1-8 The present invention is further described in detail:

[0064] The present invention relates to a method for developing a photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control device, which includes three devices: a wireless collection and forwarding device, a wireless routing device, and a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal. The wireless collection and forwarding device and the wireless routing device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and the wireless collection and forwarding device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are all connected by LoRa wireless mode. The wireless collection and forwarding device is the terminal node in the entire LoRa wireless network, responsible for collecting data from the photovoltaic inverter, and responding to the call of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and sending the collected photovoltaic data to the other party; at the same time, the wireless collection and forwarding device also receives the concurrent control instructions of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and performs the control operation on the photovoltaic inverter; there are 1 or more wireless collection and forwarding devices in one network. The wireless routing device plays a bridging role. When the LoRa wireless signal cannot cover the entire area, the wireless routing device can be used to expand the coverage of the wireless network; there are 0, 1 or more wireless routing devices in one network. The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is the builder and manager of the entire LoRa network, and is also the data aggregation end, responsible for establishing the LoRa network and waiting for the wireless collection and forwarding device to join; at the same time, the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal summons the data of all wireless collection and forwarding devices, and aggregates the data and sends it to the upper-level device or platform; in addition, the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal also receives the control instructions of the upper-level device or platform, and distributes the adjustment instructions to each wireless collection and forwarding device; there is only one photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in a network.

[0065] The present invention also relates to the operating steps of the method, which are specifically as follows:

[0066] Step 1: Take the substation or photovoltaic power station as a unit, select the substation transformer or the power distribution room of the power station to install a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and the device can be powered by AC 220V nearby; install a wireless collection and forwarding device at each photovoltaic inverter. The device can be powered by the DC power supply of the photovoltaic 4G stick interface or the AC 220V power supply on the photovoltaic line side, and the serial port of the device is connected to the communication interface of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0067] Step 2: After the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is powered on, a LoRa wireless network will be established. After the wireless data collection and forwarding device is powered on, it will automatically join the network. There is no requirement for the power-on sequence of the two. Observe whether all wireless data collection and forwarding devices are added to the network at the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal. If there are devices that are not online, install a wireless routing device in a suitable location according to the actual situation. You can use AC 220V power supply nearby. After powering on, the device will automatically realize the transfer of LoRa wireless data.

[0068] Step 3: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device detects the inverter on the serial bus according to the built-in inverter search model. After successful detection, the model parameters are recorded and the parameters will be used for search and matching at the next power-on.

[0069] like Figure 2 The inverter search model has built-in parameters of various photovoltaic inverters, covering almost all types of inverters from mainstream manufacturers on the market.

[0070] like Figure 3 If the detected inverter parameters have not been saved inside the wireless acquisition and forwarding device, the inverter on the serial bus will be detected according to the market share priority rule. If it does not match, the next model will be selected to continue the detection. If it matches, the current parameters will be recorded; if the inverter has been searched before, it will be detected first according to the parameters saved last time.

[0071] Step 4: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device sends a data acquisition frame to the photovoltaic inverter according to the built-in data acquisition model, and receives a response frame from the photovoltaic inverter.

[0072] like Figure 2 ,The data acquisition model has built-in data acquisition frames for a variety of PV inverters. According to the PV inverter manufacturer and model detected in step 3, the data acquisition frame can be accurately matched.

[0073] like Figure 3 , the data acquisition frame is sent to the photovoltaic inverter by the wireless acquisition and forwarding device, and waits for it to return a response frame.

[0074] Step 5: The wireless data collection and forwarding device analyzes the response frame according to the built-in data analysis model and stores the analysis result in the running memory of the device.

[0075] like Figure 2 ,The data parsing model has built-in multiple data parsing methods, including conversion between different types of data, data parsing methods in various forms and combinations of them,such as data formats, mathematical expressions, regular expressions, etc.

[0076] Step 6: The wireless data collection and forwarding device receives the call frame of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, packages the data in the memory, and returns a response frame to the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal.

[0077] Step 7: The wireless data collection and forwarding device may receive the control frame of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal at any time. According to the built-in control model, the device will first disassemble the control frame sent by the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and then compose one or more actual control frames and send them to the photovoltaic inverter to complete the control task.

[0078] like Figure 2The control model has built-in control frames and pre-frames of various photovoltaic inverters. According to the manufacturer and model of the photovoltaic inverter detected in step ③, the control frame and pre-frame can be accurately matched.

[0079] like Figure 3 , the concurrent control instructions are issued by the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and then parsed by the wireless acquisition and forwarding device. After parsing, the control frame is matched and the target data is filled. Then, according to the model, it is determined whether there is a pre-frame. If so, the pre-frame is issued first, and then the control frame is issued after success; if not, the control frame is issued directly.

[0080] Step 8: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal sends call frames to each wireless collection and forwarding device in sequence and at a fixed time, and the receiver responds to the frame.

[0081] Step 9: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal parses the response frames of each wireless collection and forwarding device, and composes the parsed data into a photovoltaic data set, which is sent to the upper-level device or platform in the form of a data set.

[0082] like Figure 3 The data returned by a single wireless collection and forwarding device will be processed in the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal and finally summarized into a photovoltaic data set.

[0083] Step 10: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal parses and receives the control instructions from the upper-level device or platform, executes the concurrent process, and sends it to the wireless collection and forwarding device.

[0084] It is not difficult for those skilled in the art to understand that the present invention includes any combination of the invention content and specific implementation methods of the above specification and the various parts shown in the drawings. Due to the limited space and to make the specification concise, the various schemes composed of these combinations are not described one by one. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control system, characterized in that: It includes a wireless data acquisition and forwarding device, a wireless routing device and a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, which are electrically connected to corresponding power supplies respectively; the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is used as the core signal to access the wireless data acquisition and forwarding device; or when the site is large, the wireless routing device is used as a relay device to access the corresponding wireless data acquisition and forwarding device; The signal of the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and each photovoltaic inverter corresponds to a photovoltaic unit; The wireless acquisition and forwarding device has a processor, a running memory, a signal acquisition device and a data transceiver device; The running memory is used to store the corresponding data, the processor processes the internal data, the data transceiver is used to send and receive data with the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and the signal acquisition device is used to collect the data signal of the photovoltaic unit; The wireless data collection and forwarding device has a built-in inverter search model, a data collection model, a data analysis model and a control model.

2. A photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The function of the inverter search model is to realize the protocol adaptation of the photovoltaic inverter; After power-on, set the communication parameters and send a specific sniffing frame to the PV inverter. If the correct response frame is received, the communication parameters and the corresponding inverter model serial number are recorded; otherwise, send the next sniffing frame to continue searching until the correct PV inverter is found. During this process, the device will also adjust the communication parameters and the address of the sniffing frame.

3. A photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The function of the data acquisition model is to realize the acquisition of photovoltaic inverter data. According to the inverter model found, the acquisition frame is filled, and then the data is sent to the photovoltaic inverter through the communication interface, while waiting for the return frame from the inverter; after receiving the return frame, the data is verified, and if the data is correct, it is stored in the corresponding cache.

4. A photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The role of the data parsing model is to achieve correct parsing of the data. The data in the cache will be processed, involving various calculations or operations, including displacement, merging, disassembly, multiple methods or corresponding combinations of coefficients and offsets, and finally the correct data will be calculated.

5. The photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The function of the control model is to realize the control of the photovoltaic inverter. After receiving the control command from the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, it parses the data related to itself, records the control object and the control target, and then sends it to the photovoltaic inverter through the communication interface to execute the control operation.

6. A photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless collection and forwarding device, the wireless routing device and the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal are all connected in a LoRa wireless manner; the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is the builder and manager of the entire LoRa network, and is also the data aggregation end, responsible for establishing the LoRa network and waiting for the wireless collection and forwarding device to join; the wireless collection and forwarding device is the terminal node in the entire LoRa wireless network, responsible for collecting data from the photovoltaic inverter, and responding to the call of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and sending the collected photovoltaic data to the other party; at the same time, the wireless collection and forwarding device also receives concurrent control instructions from the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and executes control operations on the photovoltaic inverter.

7. A photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is one, and the number of the wireless collection and forwarding device is at least one; The wireless routing device plays a bridging role. When the LoRa wireless signal cannot cover the entire area, the wireless network coverage can be expanded through the wireless routing device; the matching between the wireless routing device and the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is one-to-one, or one-to-many; that is, when the space is large and the signal is weak, the matching between the wireless routing device and the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is one-to-one; when the space is large and the signal is strong, the matching between the wireless routing device and the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is one-to-many.

8. A photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal calls for data from all wireless collection and forwarding devices, and aggregates the data and sends it to the upper-level device or platform; in addition, the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal also receives control instructions from the upper-level device or platform, and distributes the control instructions to each wireless collection and forwarding device; there is only one photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in a network.

9. A photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless acquisition and forwarding device supports two power supply modes, AC and DC, namely AC power supply and DC power supply; the wireless acquisition and forwarding device supports 3 serial ports, the serial port form is RS485, RS232 or TTL level; and supports 1 LoRa; When the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is powered by AC, it uses AC 220V power supply with a voltage range of 85V to 265V; When the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is powered by DC, it is powered by a photovoltaic inverter 4G stick interface with a voltage range of 3.3V to 30V; The serial port in the wireless data acquisition and forwarding device has a unified external form and can be switched to RS485, RS232 or TTL internally, so that it can match the communication interface of photovoltaic inverters of different manufacturers and models; The LoRa described in the wireless acquisition and forwarding device has a wide channel coverage range, supports frequency adjustment, and the step value is 1MHz; supports broadcast communication mode and point-to-point communication mode; supports air data encryption, the encryption method is symmetric encryption, and the key is configurable; The wireless data collection and forwarding device supports serial port expansion function, that is, when the communication interface of the photovoltaic inverter is occupied, it can expand an additional serial port to ensure its own data collection without affecting the original collector; Wireless data collection and forwarding device, supporting photovoltaic inverter protocol adaptation; The wireless data collection and forwarding device can automatically identify the currently connected photovoltaic inverter according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic inverter protocols of different brands and models, and then match the corresponding data collection model; photovoltaic data can be collected without human intervention; The wireless data collection and forwarding device supports concurrent control and analysis, and then matches with the data control model after analysis.

10. A photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless routing device supports two power supply modes, AC and DC; supports 1-way LoRa; the wireless routing device itself does not participate in data processing in the network, but only serves to expand the network coverage.

11. A photovoltaic data collection and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports 2 network ports; supports 1 4G full network public network or 4G 1.8GHz power private network; supports 3 RS485 interfaces; supports 1 HPLC micro-power wireless dual-mode interface; supports 1 LoRa; The 4G 1.8GHz power-only network described in the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal has a 4G frequency band that is dedicated to power; The HPLC micro-power wireless dual-mode interface described in the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports interconnection and seamless switching; Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, through the LoRa wireless method to call photovoltaic data from each wireless collection and forwarding device, and aggregating the single photovoltaic data to form a photovoltaic data set; Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports establishing connection with the upper-level device or platform through any one or more of the following methods: network port / RS485 / 4G public network / 4G private network, and uploading photovoltaic data sets; Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal supports connection with the upper-level device or platform through any one or more of the following methods: network port / RS485 / 4G public network / 4G private network, and accepts control instructions; Photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal disassembles the control instructions issued by the upper-level device or platform and reassembles them into new data packets, which are sent to each wireless collection and forwarding device via LoRa wireless; The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is a wireless access intelligent encryption terminal.

12. The method for constructing and implementing a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Taking the substation or photovoltaic power station as a unit, a photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal is installed at the substation transformer or the power distribution room of the power station, and a wireless acquisition and forwarding device is installed at each photovoltaic inverter. The serial port of the wireless acquisition and forwarding device is connected to the communication interface of the photovoltaic inverter; Step 2, power on the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal to establish a LoRa wireless network; power on the wireless acquisition and forwarding device to automatically join the LoRa wireless network; the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal determines whether all wireless acquisition and forwarding devices have joined the LoRa wireless network; if there are wireless acquisition and forwarding devices that have not joined, install a wireless routing device at a suitable location according to the actual situation, and the wireless routing device automatically realizes the transfer of LoRa wireless data after powering on; Step 3: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device detects the inverter on the serial bus according to the built-in inverter search model. After successful detection, the model parameters are recorded. The model parameters will be used first for search and matching at the next power-on. Step 4: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device sends a data acquisition frame to the photovoltaic inverter according to the built-in data acquisition model, and receives a response frame from the photovoltaic inverter; Step 5, the wireless acquisition and forwarding device analyzes the response frame according to the built-in data analysis model, and stores the analysis result in the running memory of the wireless acquisition and forwarding device; Step 6: The wireless data acquisition and forwarding device receives the call frame of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, packages the data in the memory of the wireless data acquisition and forwarding device, and returns a response frame to the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal; Step 7: The wireless acquisition and forwarding device receives the control frame of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal in real time. According to the built-in control model, the wireless acquisition and forwarding device first disassembles the control frame sent by the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal, and then composes one or more actual control frames, and sends them to the photovoltaic inverter to complete the control task. Step 8: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal sends out call frames to each wireless collection and forwarding device in sequence and at regular intervals, and the receiver responds to the frame; Step 9: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal parses the response frames of each wireless acquisition and forwarding device, and composes the parsed data into a photovoltaic data set, which is sent to the upper-level device or platform in the form of a data set; Step 10: The photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal parses and receives the control instructions from the upper-level device or platform, executes the concurrent process, and sends it to the wireless collection and forwarding device.

13. The method for constructing and implementing a photovoltaic data acquisition and concurrent control system according to claim 12, characterized in that: In step 2, there is no requirement for the power-on time of the photovoltaic access intelligent encryption terminal and the wireless forwarding collection device.

Images