Anti-loose mechanism, switch machine cylinder and switch machine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of anti-loose mechanisms, a kind of switch machine cylinder and a kind of switch machine, the anti-loose mechanism includes outer anti-loose plate, inner anti-loose plate, fastening bolt, split pin and spring washer;Two ends of outer anti-loose plate, respectively, are provided with an inner anti-loose plate;The center position of each inner anti-loose plate is provided with the top of a vertical distribution fastening bolt;The top of fastening bolt and inner anti-loose plate are provided with a split pin, and the split pin is horizontally penetrated;The outer side of the screw rod of fastening bolt is sleeved with spring washer;Fastening bolt is used to fixedly connect the external fixed part and the external mounting platform to be installed by fixed part;Spring washer is located between the mounting surface of fastening bolt and fixed part.The application can conveniently and reliably play the anti-loose function of fastening bolt on switch machine and various equipment, realize good anti-loose effect, meet the needs of users, and have great practical significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical anti-loosening technology, and in particular to an anti-loosening mechanism, a switch machine cylinder, and a switch machine. Background Technology

[0002] The condition of turnout switching equipment directly affects train safety. With the continuous increase in urban rail transit density, the requirements for the operational status of turnout switching equipment are becoming increasingly stringent to ensure train safety. Among these, the switch machine, as a crucial turnout switching device, is characterized by high switching frequency, frequent application, and significant impact on track operation after equipment failure, making it a key focus and challenge for on-site maintenance and repair.

[0003] A switch machine is an important signaling infrastructure used to reliably change the position of a turnout, change the direction of the turnout, lock the turnout switch rail, and reflect the position of the turnout. It can effectively ensure traffic safety, improve transportation efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of traffic operators.

[0004] Quick-action switch machines are used for rapid turnout switching in railway marshalling yards, greatly improving the marshalling efficiency of freight vehicles. They can quickly switch the turnout to a designated position according to system control requirements, ensuring the safe and reliable passage of vehicles. Given the rapid operation of quick-action switch machines (with an actuation time of less than 0.8 seconds) and the significant vibration during operation, existing conventional anti-loosening design methods cannot meet the requirements for preventing loosening of the fastening bolts on the switch machine.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical deficiencies of existing technologies by providing an anti-loosening mechanism, a switch machine cylinder, and a switch machine.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides an anti-loosening mechanism, characterized in that it includes an outer anti-loosening plate, an inner anti-loosening plate, a fastening bolt, a cotter pin, and a spring washer;

[0008] An inner anti-loosening plate is installed at both the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate;

[0009] At the center of each inner anti-loosening plate, there is a vertically distributed fastening bolt at the top;

[0010] A cotter pin is horizontally inserted through the top of the fastening bolt and the inner anti-loosening plate;

[0011] A spring washer is fitted on the outside of the bolt thread;

[0012] Fastening bolts are used to securely connect externally located fastened components to the external mounting platform on which the fastened components are to be installed.

[0013] A spring washer is located between the fastening bolt and the mounting surface of the fastened part.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a switch machine cylinder, which includes a cylinder housing;

[0015] The cylinder housing is provided with a front cylinder seat and a rear cylinder seat at its front and rear ends, respectively;

[0016] The front cylinder block is equipped with the anti-loosening mechanism as described above.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also provides a switch machine, which includes the anti-loosening mechanism as described above.

[0018] As can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the present invention above, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-loosening mechanism, a switch machine cylinder, and a switch machine. Its structure is scientifically designed, and it can conveniently and reliably play an anti-loosening function on fastening bolts on various equipment such as switch machines, achieving a good anti-loosening effect, meeting the needs of users, and has significant practical significance.

[0019] Specifically, this invention relates to an anti-loosening mechanism for a fast-acting switch machine. This invention addresses the issue that fast-acting turnouts used in hump yards have short switching times and large impact vibrations during operation, making it impossible for ordinary anti-loosening structures to meet the anti-loosening requirements. Therefore, this invention presents a reasonably structured and easy-to-install anti-loosening design. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 A front view of the fastening bolt in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A top view of the fastening bolt in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner anti-loosening plate in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer anti-loosening plate in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a switch machine cylinder provided by the present invention, which has been equipped with an anti-loosening mechanism designed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the toothed design of the external anti-loosening plate;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the nut of the fastening bolt, the inner anti-loosening plate, and the cotter pin. In this diagram, J is the gap between the hexagonal limiting surface 3040 of the fastening bolt mounting hole of the inner anti-loosening plate and the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1.

[0029] Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a spring washer;

[0030] In the diagram: 1 - Fastening bolt (specifically, a hexagonal head bolt with a hole);

[0031] 101 - Hexagonal anti-loosening surface; 102 - Cotter pin mounting hole;

[0032] 2- Cotter pin;

[0033] 3-Inner anti-loosening board;

[0034] 301 - Vertical limiting tooth assembly;

[0035] 3011 - First limiting tooth, 3012 - Second limiting tooth, 3013 - Vertical limiting surface;

[0036] 302 - Inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth; 303 - Cotter pin mounting groove; 304 - Fastening bolt mounting hole; 3040 - Hexagonal limiting surface;

[0037] 3020 - Inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface;

[0038] 4-External anti-loosening board;

[0039] 401 - Inner hole of outer plate; 403 - Limiting teeth of outer anti-loosening plate; 4030 - Surface of limiting teeth of outer anti-loosening plate;

[0040] 5-Spring washer. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] See Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides an anti-loosening mechanism, which is a device designed to address the problem that the fastening bolts of the current fast-acting switch machine are prone to loosening. It includes: an outer anti-loosening plate 4, an inner anti-loosening plate 3, a fastening bolt (specifically a hexagonal head bolt with a hole) 1, a cotter pin 2, and a spring washer 5.

[0046] An inner anti-loosening plate 3 is provided at both the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate 4;

[0047] At the center of each inner anti-loosening plate 3, a vertically distributed fastening bolt 1 is provided at the top;

[0048] A cotter pin 2 is horizontally inserted through the top of the fastening bolt 1 and the inner anti-loosening plate 3;

[0049] A spring washer 5 is fitted on the outside of the screw 103 of the fastening bolt 1;

[0050] Fastening bolt 1 is used to fix the externally located fixed component (e.g., the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder) and the external mounting platform (e.g., the switch machine base to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed) to which the fixed component is to be installed.

[0051] Spring washer 5 is located between fastening bolt 1 and the mounting surface (e.g., top surface) of the fastened part.

[0052] In this invention, specifically, both the left and right ends of the fixed component (e.g., the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder) are provided with two vertical through holes.

[0053] External mounting platforms (such as the base shell of the switch machine where the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed) are provided with threaded mounting holes at positions corresponding to each mounting through hole;

[0054] The two fastening bolts 1 in each anti-loosening mechanism are threadedly fixed to the two threaded mounting holes corresponding to the positions after passing through the two mounting through holes.

[0055] In this invention, the fastening bolt 1 includes a vertically distributed screw 103 and a nut 104 (i.e., a hexagonal head nut);

[0056] Nut 104 is located at the top of screw 103;

[0057] The nut 104 is surrounded by six hexagonal anti-loosening surfaces 101;

[0058] Two cotter pin mounting holes 102 are horizontally through the nut 104;

[0059] In practice, the two cotter pin mounting holes 102 are rotationally symmetrically distributed.

[0060] In this invention, see Figure 3 As shown, the inner anti-loosening board 3 includes a hollow inner anti-loosening board body 300;

[0061] The inner side of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300 is provided with a vertical through-hole 304 for fastening bolts;

[0062] The four sides of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 are six hexagonal limiting surfaces 3040 distributed around it;

[0063] A nut 104 for fastening bolt 1 is provided inside the fastening bolt mounting hole 304;

[0064] Two sets of vertical limiting teeth assemblies 301 are provided on the outer walls of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300 at intervals.

[0065] On the outer side of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300, between the two sets of vertical limiting tooth assemblies 301, there are multiple inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 arranged at equal intervals.

[0066] For specific implementation details, see [link to implementation details]. Figure 9As shown, there is a reserved gap (i.e., a void) J between the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 (i.e., an inner hexagonal hole, specifically a hexagonal limiting surface 3040) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface 101 of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1.

[0067] It should be noted that the shape and size of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 correspond to and match the shape and size of the nut 104.

[0068] In specific implementation, the spring washer 5 is disposed inside the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (for example, in the middle of the inner side of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304), and is located on the upper circumferential outer side of the screw 103 of the fastening bolt 1; that is, it is located in the gap between the screw 103 and the fastening bolt mounting hole 304.

[0069] In practice, the two sets of vertical limiting teeth are combined in 301 pairs and distributed in a rotationally symmetrical manner.

[0070] Each set of vertical limiting teeth assembly 301 includes a first limiting tooth 3011 and a second limiting tooth 3012;

[0071] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first limiting tooth 3011 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second limiting tooth 3012.

[0072] The bottom surfaces of the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012 are perpendicular to the limiting surface 3013;

[0073] The vertical limiting surface 3013 at the bottom of the vertical limiting tooth assembly 301 presses against the upper surface of the outer anti-loosening plate 4.

[0074] In terms of specific implementation, two cotter pin mounting slots 303 (which are through slots) are horizontally and through the upper part of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300.

[0075] It should be noted that when the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is located in the fastening bolt mounting hole 304, the two cotter pin mounting grooves 303 are correspondingly set with the two open pin mounting holes 102 on the fastening bolt 1.

[0076] It should be noted that the two cotter pin mounting slots 303 are rotationally symmetrically distributed;

[0077] Furthermore, each cotter pin mounting slot 303 has a top opening.

[0078] Furthermore, the cotter pin 2 passes horizontally through a cotter pin mounting groove 303 on the inner anti-loosening plate body 300, and a cotter pin mounting hole 102 on the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 corresponding to the position of the cotter pin mounting groove 303.

[0079] In practice, the included angle between the center lines of any two adjacent inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 is equal.

[0080] In practice, the length of the cotter pin 2 is greater than the outer diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0081] In this invention, see Figure 4 As shown, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 includes the outer anti-loosening plate body 400;

[0082] At the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening board body 400, there is a vertically penetrating outer plate inner hole 401;

[0083] In practice, the two outer inner holes 401 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 are respectively fitted onto the outer sides of the two inner anti-loosening plates 3;

[0084] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the specific shape and size of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 are determined according to the external space of the installation position of the anti-loosening mechanism. The outer anti-loosening plate 4 can be placed in the external space without interfering with other components.

[0085] In practice, the inner sidewall of each outer plate inner hole 401 is provided with multiple outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 arranged at equal intervals.

[0086] In practice, the two outer plates have symmetrically distributed inner holes 401.

[0087] In this invention, specifically, the spring washer 5 is embedded in the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0088] In this invention, specifically, the shape and size of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 are smaller than the shape and size of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this invention, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is fitted over the fastening bolt 1. The hexagonal limiting surface 3040 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is set opposite to the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface 101 of the fastening bolt 1. When the hexagonal pointed corner of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 rotates, the diagonal dimension is larger than the side dimension of the mating surface, which can restrict the rotation of the fastening bolt. Since the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is smaller than the hexagonal hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304), there is a gap J, and the inner anti-loosening plate 3 can still rotate a certain angle.

[0090] In this invention, specifically, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is located in the gap (gap) position between two adjacent outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4.

[0091] In this invention, specifically, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 meshes with the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4.

[0092] In this invention, specifically, for the inner anti-loosening plate 3, each inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 has an inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 3020 on both sides of its circumferential direction.

[0093] For the outer anti-loosening plate 4, each outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403 has an outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 4030 on both sides of its circumference.

[0094] The size of the notch between the two inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surfaces 3020 on opposite sides of any two adjacent inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 is equal to the size of the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403.

[0095] It should be noted that, in this invention, the shape of the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 3020 on the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 is the same as the gap shape between the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surfaces 4030 on the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403. When there is a rotational tendency, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 3020 and the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 4030 can fit together. That is to say, the limiting tooth surface of the outer anti-loosening plate and the limiting tooth surface of the inner anti-loosening plate cooperate with each other, the tooth surface angles are the same, and when there is a rotational tendency, the two surfaces can fit together.

[0096] It should be noted that, in this invention, the nut 104 is provided with a cotter pin mounting hole 102 for mounting the cotter pin 2 to prevent the inner anti-loosening plate 3 from coming out.

[0097] In this invention, the spring washer 5 is installed at the lower part of the nut 104;

[0098] In this invention, the inner hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304) is a hexagonal structure, which cooperates with the hexagonal limiting surface 3040 of the fastening bolt 1, thereby limiting the rotation of the fastening bolt.

[0099] The outer circle of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is made of toothed surfaces of different shapes obtained by machining (including the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302, the first limiting tooth 3011, and the second limiting tooth 3012), which cooperate with the outer anti-loosening plate 4 to limit the vertical release of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 and limit its own rotation by the outer anti-loosening plate 4.

[0100] The outer anti-loosening plate 4 has two outer plate inner holes 401, which are installed on two fastening bolts 1 to prevent itself from rotating. The outer plate inner holes 401 are provided with machined tooth surfaces (specifically, outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) to limit the rotation of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0101] Therefore, in this invention, the cooperation of the above-mentioned multiple parts can prevent the fastening bolts (such as the fastening bolts on the cylinder of a switch machine) from loosening.

[0102] In this invention, in specific implementation, each component device is made of Q235A or higher grade steel through processing or heat treatment.

[0103] In this invention, specifically, the size of the fastening bolt is determined during product design, and a hexagonal head bolt with a hole is selected. The hexagonal head needs to have through holes of appropriate size machined on two of its planes for installing cotter pins, limiting the axial rotation of the bolt and preventing it from loosening.

[0104] In this invention, specifically, the diameter of the cotter pin is selected according to the opening (i.e., cotter pin mounting hole 102) on the hexagonal head (i.e., nut) of the fastening bolt, and the corresponding length is selected according to the outer diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0105] In this invention, specifically, the spring washer 5 is selected according to the size of the fastening bolt, and plays the role of limiting the axial rotation of the fastening bolt.

[0106] In this invention, specifically, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is made of steel plate and electroplated. The inner and outer diameters and the number of teeth of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are processed according to the size of the fastening bolt. The major and minor diameters of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are set mainly according to the strength of the inner anti-loosening plate 3. The angle at which the inner anti-loosening plate can rotate is designed according to the allowable gap between the hexagonal nut of the fastening bolt and the hexagonal inner hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304). According to the allowable rotation angle, the maximum angle formed by the intersection of the two sides of the isosceles triangle of the limiting tooth shape and the minor diameter is designed. According to the tooth shape of the inner anti-loosening plate 3, the tooth shape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is designed accordingly. The two work together to limit the rotation of the inner anti-loosening plate.

[0107] In terms of specific implementation, the toothed fit design of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is as follows:

[0108] See Figure 8 As shown, based on the size of the fastening bolt 1, the relevant dimensions of the hexagonal and tooth diameter of the fit are designed. The circumference of the major diameter of the inner hole 401 of the outer plate of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is divided into 360° according to twice the number of teeth to be processed (for example, if forty teeth are processed, the angle between each tooth (i.e. each outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403) is 360 / 40*2=4.5°). Every other angle, an isosceles triangle is constructed with the two points of the bisector and the intersection of the radius of the circle and the minor diameter of the inner hole.

[0109] In specific implementation, the major and minor diameters of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (which are the major and minor diameters of the overall shape of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300, i.e., the maximum and minimum diameters, not the diameters of the fastening bolt mounting holes 304 inside it) correspond to the major and minor diameters of the inner hole 401 of the outer plate of the outer anti-loosening plate 4, respectively. Furthermore, the radius of the circle is drawn at the intersection of the isosceles triangle of the outer anti-loosening plate and the major diameter, and the line of symmetry of one side is drawn with the center line as the center line, which is the tooth shape of the inner anti-loosening plate 3. Except for the vertical limiting tooth assembly 301, the tooth shape distribution rules of other parts are the same as those of the tooth shape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4.

[0110] With this design, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 contacts one edge of the inner anti-loosening plate 3, and the gap on the other side is just enough to insert a toothed part. (See attached image) Figure 9 As shown, the gap J between the inner hexagonal hole (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the six sides (i.e., the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface 101) of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 allows the inner anti-loosening plate 3 to rotate at a certain angle. This ensures that, regardless of the angle of the fastening bolt 1, after installation, the outer circumferential teeth (i.e., the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 can be offset from the teeth (outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) of the outer anti-loosening plate 4, allowing it to be installed in place. Because the teeth are small in design, the allowable rotation angle of the gap (i.e., the gap J) is very small. When the fastening bolt 1 undergoes a small deformation in the spring washer 5, the two teeth (i.e., the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 and the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3) can contact each other, thus continuing to prevent loosening. The combination of these two anti-loosening measures ensures that the bolt will not loosen.

[0111] In this invention, specifically, the shape and size of the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012 of the vertical limiting tooth assembly 301 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are both greater than or equal to the shape and size of the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4. That is, the tooth shape of the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012 can cover the tooth shape of the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403.

[0112] It should be noted that, see Figure 9 As shown, in this invention, the vertical limiting tooth assembly 301 has a special tooth shape (i.e., the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012), which is different in shape and thickness from the limiting tooth shapes on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 (i.e., the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 and the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3). The size of each tooth shape (the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012) covers at least two tooth shapes (the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403) on the outer anti-loosening plate 4, and the specific size is determined according to the size of the mating tooth shape.

[0113] After installation, the irregular tooth shape of the vertical limiting tooth assembly 301 (i.e., the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012) presses on the limiting tooth (outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403) of the outer anti-loosening plate 4. Regardless of the relative position of the inner and outer anti-loosening plates, each irregular tooth shape can press on at least one limiting tooth (outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403) to prevent the outer anti-loosening plate 4 from moving upward in the vertical direction.

[0114] In this invention, specifically, there is a gap J between the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1.

[0115] In this invention, specifically, the diameter of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 (i.e., the internal hexagonal hole) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is larger than the diameter of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1, for example, by 1 mm or 2 mm.

[0116] It should be noted that the size of the inner hexagonal hole (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is determined according to the size of the anti-loosening fastening bolt, and is slightly larger than the hexagonal nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1, which can be rotated at a certain angle to cooperate with the inner anti-loosening plate for installation.

[0117] In practice, two through slots (i.e. two cotter pin mounting slots 303) are machined on the inner anti-loosening plate 3, which correspond to the center positions of the inner hexagonal holes (i.e. fastening bolt mounting holes 304) to install cotter pins 2 and prevent the fastening bolts 1 from rotating.

[0118] In this invention, specifically, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 can be manufactured from a single steel plate. The outer dimensions of the outer anti-loosening plate are determined based on the peripheral dimensions of the fastening bolt installation location. A toothed inner hole is machined at the corresponding position on the steel plate according to the bolt installation location. The major and minor diameters of the inner hole of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 are identical to those of the inner anti-loosening plate. The size of the inner hole and the major and minor diameters and number of teeth of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 are determined according to the dimensions of the inner anti-loosening plate 3. The matching number of teeth on the inner and outer anti-loosening plates thus limits the rotational movement of the inner fixing plate.

[0119] Based on the anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides a switch machine cylinder, which includes a cylinder housing 10;

[0120] The cylinder housing 10 is provided with a front cylinder seat 11 and a rear cylinder seat 12 at its front and rear ends, respectively.

[0121] The front cylinder head 11 is provided with an anti-loosening mechanism as described above. Specifically, an anti-loosening mechanism is provided at each of the left and right ends of the front cylinder head 11.

[0122] The anti-loosening mechanism is used to fix the front cylinder seat 11 and the front cylinder seat of the switch cylinder (as the fixed part) to the external mounting platform (e.g., the switch machine base to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed).

[0123] In this invention, specifically, both the left and right ends of the fixed component (e.g., the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder) are provided with two vertical through holes.

[0124] External mounting platforms (such as the base shell of the switch machine where the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed) are provided with threaded mounting holes at positions corresponding to each mounting through hole;

[0125] The two fastening bolts 1 in the anti-loosening mechanism are threadedly fixed to the two threaded mounting holes corresponding to the two mounting holes after passing through the two mounting holes.

[0126] Based on the anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention as described above, the present invention also provides a switch machine, which includes the anti-loosening mechanism as described above.

[0127] It should be noted that, for switch machines, the anti-loosening mechanism is used to fix the fixed part of the switch machine (such as the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder) to the external mounting platform (such as the switch machine base shell to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed) to achieve the anti-loosening effect.

[0128] It should be noted that the rear cylinder seat 12 of the switch machine cylinder can adopt other existing mature anti-loosening designs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0129] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the working principle of the present invention is explained below.

[0130] When installing the anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention, firstly, place the spring washer 5 on the fastening bolt 1 (i.e., the hexagonal head bolt with a hole) and fasten it to the fixed part (e.g., the front cylinder seat 11 of the switch machine cylinder), without considering the direction of the hexagonal head (i.e., the nut) of the fastening bolt after fastening.

[0131] Then, place the outer inner hole 401 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 on the upper outer side of the fastening bolt 1. Then, install the inner anti-loosening plate 3. During installation, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is placed in the gap (gap) between the two teeth (i.e., the two adjacent outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) on the outer anti-loosening plate 4. At this time, the opening pin mounting hole 102 of the fastening bolt 1 corresponds to the cotter pin mounting groove 303 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3. Install the cotter pin 2 in this position and split the open end of the cotter pin 2.

[0132] Then, after installation, under external vibration and other conditions, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 will tend to move vertically. Because the cotter pin 2 is inserted into the fastening bolt 1, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 cannot move upward. The cotter pin 2 presses on the cotter pin mounting groove 303, and the inner anti-loosening plate 3 cannot move upward. At the same time, the vertical limiting surface 3013 at the bottom of the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012 presses on the outer anti-loosening plate 4, restricting the movement of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 in the vertical direction. Thus, the anti-loosening mechanism of the present invention will not come off the fastening bolt 1 when vibrating.

[0133] Furthermore, during vibration, if the fastening bolt 1 tends to loosen, the spring washer 5 will initially deform. Due to the engagement of the six hexagonal anti-loosening surfaces 101 on the nut 104 with the hexagonal limiting surfaces 3040 on the fastening bolt mounting hole 304, the nut 104 will cause the inner anti-loosening plate 3 to rotate. At the same time, because the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 meshes with the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 will cause the outer anti-loosening plate 4 to rotate. Since the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is simultaneously fitted on both fastening bolts 1, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 cannot rotate, and at the same time, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the fastening bolt 1 cannot rotate, thereby achieving the simultaneous anti-loosening function of the two fastening bolts.

[0134] Compared with the prior art, the anti-loosening mechanism, switch machine cylinder, and switch machine provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0135] 1. This invention retains the anti-loosening function of spring washers commonly used in the machinery industry, and adds an external mechanical anti-loosening mechanism to enhance the anti-loosening ability and make the anti-loosening effect stronger.

[0136] 2. In this invention, the inner anti-loosening plate and the outer anti-loosening plate are fitted with teeth. Based on the angle of the teeth, the reserved space, and the gap between the hexagonal hole (i.e. the fastening bolt mounting hole 304) in the inner anti-loosening plate and the nut 104 on the head of the fastening bolt 1, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 can be installed into the inner hole 404 of the outer plate of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 at any angle.

[0137] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-loosening mechanism, characterized in that, Includes an outer anti-loosening plate (4), an inner anti-loosening plate (3), fastening bolts (1), cotter pins (2), and spring washers (5); An inner anti-loosening plate (3) is provided at both the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate (4); At the center of each inner anti-loosening plate (3), a vertically distributed fastening bolt (1) is provided at the top; A cotter pin (2) is horizontally inserted through the top of the fastening bolt (1) and the inner anti-loosening plate (3). A spring washer (5) is fitted on the outside of the screw (103) of the fastening bolt (1); Fastening bolts (1) are used to securely connect the externally located fixed part and the external mounting platform to which the fixed part is to be installed; Spring washer (5) is located between fastening bolt (1) and the mounting surface of the fastened part; There is a reserved gap J between the hexagonal limiting surface (3040) of the fastening bolt mounting hole (304) of the inner anti-loosening plate (3) and the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface (101) of the nut (104) of the fastening bolt (1); The inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth (302) on the inner anti-loosening plate (3) meshes with the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth (403) on the outer anti-loosening plate (4); Two sets of vertical limiting teeth (301) are provided on the outer walls of the inner anti-loosening plate body (300) at intervals. The vertical limiting surface (3013) at the bottom of the vertical limiting tooth assembly (301) presses against the upper surface of the outer anti-loosening plate (4) to prevent the outer anti-loosening plate (4) from moving upward in the vertical direction; The outer anti-loosening plate (4) is simultaneously fitted onto the two fastening bolts (1), preventing the outer anti-loosening plate (4) from rotating, and at the same time preventing the inner anti-loosening plate (3) and the fastening bolts (1) from rotating, thereby achieving the simultaneous anti-loosening function of the two fastening bolts.

2. The anti-loosening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening bolt (1) includes a vertically distributed threaded rod (103) and a nut (104); The nut (104) is located at the top of the screw (103); The nut (104) is surrounded by six hexagonal anti-loosening surfaces (101). Two cotter pin mounting holes (102) are horizontally through the nut (104).

3. The anti-loosening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner anti-loosening board (3) includes a hollow inner anti-loosening board body (300); The inner side of the inner anti-loosening plate body (300) is provided with a vertical through-hole for fastening bolts (304). The four sides of the fastening bolt mounting hole (304) are six hexagonal limiting surfaces (3040) distributed around it. A nut (104) for fastening bolt (1) is provided inside the fastening bolt mounting hole (304). On the outer circumference of the inner anti-loosening plate body (300), between the two sets of vertical limiting tooth assemblies (301), there are multiple inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (302) arranged at equal intervals.

4. The anti-loosening mechanism as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Spring washer (5) is set inside the fastening bolt mounting hole (304) of the inner anti-loosening plate (3) and is located on the upper circumferential outer side of the screw (103) of the fastening bolt (1); And / or, A spring washer (5) is located in the gap between the screw (103) and the fastening bolt mounting hole (304); And / or, Two sets of vertical limiting teeth (301) are rotate symmetrically distributed; Each set of vertical limiting teeth assembly (301) includes a first limiting tooth (3011) and a second limiting tooth (3012); The cross-sectional area of ​​the first limiting tooth (3011) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second limiting tooth (3012); The bottom surface of the first limiting tooth (3011) and the second limiting tooth (3012) is a vertical limiting surface (3013). And / or, Two cotter pin mounting slots (303) are horizontally and through the upper part of the inner anti-loosening plate body (300). The two cotter pin mounting slots (303) are rotationally symmetrically distributed; When the nut (104) of the fastening bolt (1) is located in the fastening bolt mounting hole (304), the two cotter pin mounting slots (303) are correspondingly set with the two open pin mounting holes (102) on the fastening bolt (1); The cotter pin (2) passes horizontally through a cotter pin mounting groove (303) on the inner anti-loosening plate body (300) and a cotter pin mounting hole (102) on the nut (104) of the fastening bolt (1) corresponding to the position of the cotter pin mounting groove (303). And / or, The included angle between the center lines of any two adjacent inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (302) is equal; And / or, The length of the cotter pin (2) is greater than the outer diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate (3).

5. The anti-loosening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, External anti-loosening board (4), including external anti-loosening board body (400); At the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening board body (400), there is a vertical through-hole (401) in the outer board. The two outer inner holes (401) of the outer anti-loosening plate (4) are respectively fitted onto the outer sides of the two inner anti-loosening plates (3); The inner wall of each outer plate inner hole (401) is provided with a plurality of outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403) arranged at equal intervals.

6. The anti-loosening mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth (302) on the inner anti-loosening plate (3) is located in the gap between two adjacent outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403) on the outer anti-loosening plate (4).

7. The anti-loosening mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The vertical limiting tooth assembly (301) on the inner anti-loosening plate (3) has a first limiting tooth (3011) and a second limiting tooth (3012) with tooth shapes that both cover the tooth shapes of the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403).

8. A switch machine cylinder, characterized in that, Including cylinder housing (10); The front cylinder seat (11) and the rear cylinder seat (12) are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the cylinder housing (10). The front cylinder block (11) is provided with an anti-loosening mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A switch machine, characterized in that, Includes the anti-loosening mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images