PVC (polyvinyl chloride) particles as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to the field of IPC C08L27, and more particularly relates to PVC particles as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The PVC plastic comprises the following components: 35-50% of a plasticizer, 4-8% of a stabilizer, 1-5% of a flame retardant, 0.3-1% of simethicone, 10-30% of a filler and the balance of PVC. The prepared PVC particles are used for wire harnesses, meet the wear-resistant requirement of the American standard SAEJ1128, and also meet the scratch-resistant requirement of the German standards DIN72550 and DIN72551; the weight ratio of silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate is limited to be 1: (0.5-2), silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate are both produced through a water milling method, and the wear resistance and scratch resistance of PVC particles can be improved at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, in particular to the field of IPC C08L27, and more specifically to PVC particles and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cable harness materials are polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyolefin low-smoke halogen-free materials, rubber, etc. However, in order to achieve a considerable flame retardant performance, polyolefin low-smoke halogen-free materials and rubber need to add a large amount of flame retardants, resulting in a significant decline in mechanical and electrical properties. PVC materials are still the preferred material for high flame retardant cable materials due to their good flame retardancy and low price. Especially in the era of vigorous development of new energy vehicles, higher requirements are placed on harness wrapping materials, which not only require excellent flame retardant effects, but also excellent wear and scratch resistance.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN105086216A discloses a wear-resistant and flame-retardant sheath material for automotive wiring harness PVC and a preparation method thereof, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-6 EVA resin, 2-4 anhydrous lithium chloride, 90-100 polyvinyl chloride, 10-15 magnesium hydroxide, 5-10 antimony trioxide, 10-14 nano clay, 0.3-0.7 silane coupling agent kh550, 0.5-1 polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.3 sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.5-2 sodium bicarbonate, 2-5 styrene, 0.02-0.05 potassium persulfate, 10-15 dioctyl terephthalate, 3-5 conductive carbon black, 2-4 polyetheretherketone, 2-4 fine abrasive powder, and an appropriate amount of water; the sheath material prepared by the invention has excellent extrusion process performance and good flame retardant properties, but does not involve exploration of wear resistance and scratch resistance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a PVC particle, which comprises, by weight percentage, 35-50% of a plasticizer, 4-8% of a stabilizer, 1-5% of a flame retardant, 0.3-1% of dimethyl silicone oil, 10-30% of a filler, and the balance made up of PVC.

[0005] Preferably, the components include, by weight percentage: 35-50% plasticizer, 4-8% stabilizer, 2-5% flame retardant, 0.3-1% dimethyl silicone oil, 15-30% filler, and PVC makes up the balance.

[0006] The weight ratio of the dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is (0.3-1):20:(35-50).

[0007] Preferably, the weight ratio of the dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is (0.5-1):20:(40-50).

[0008] Further preferably, the weight ratio of the dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is 0.65:20:42.5.

[0009] Preferably, the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil at 25° C. is 10-80 cst.

[0010] More preferably, the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil at 25° C. is 25-40 cst.

[0011] The polymerization degree of the PVC is 1000-2000.

[0012] Preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVC is 1200-1500.

[0013] Further preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVC is 1300.

[0014] The particle size of the filler is 2000-5000 mesh.

[0015] Preferably, the particle size of the filler is 2000-4000 mesh.

[0016] Further preferably, the particle size of the filler is 3000 mesh.

[0017] The filler comprises silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate is 1:(0.5-2).

[0018] Preferably, the silicon dioxide is silicon dioxide produced by water grinding method, and the calcium carbonate is calcium carbonate produced by water grinding method.

[0019] The applicant has found that by limiting the weight ratio of silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate to 1: (0.5-2), and both silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate are produced by water grinding, the wear resistance and scratch resistance of PVC particles can be improved at the same time. Generally, improving the surface smoothness can improve the wear resistance, but at the same time it will lead to a decrease in scratch resistance. In this application, the water-milled silicon dioxide is in the shape of pebbles, which increases the wear resistance, while the normal crushed calcium carbonate is an irregular polygon. Therefore, when filling, it works together with dimethyl silicone oil to make the surface of the PVC product smooth and reduce friction and wear.

[0020] Preferably, the weight ratio of silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate is 1:(0.8-1.2).

[0021] Further preferably, the weight ratio of silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate is 1:1.

[0022] The stabilizer includes at least one of calcium zinc stabilizer, zinc stearate, aluminum tristearate, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil.

[0023] Preferably, the stabilizer comprises at least one of a calcium zinc stabilizer, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil.

[0024] Further preferably, the stabilizer comprises a calcium zinc stabilizer.

[0025] The plasticizer includes at least one of trioctyl trimellitate, dioctyl adipate, epoxy soybean oil and dioctyl terephthalate.

[0026] Preferably, the plasticizer includes at least one of trioctyl trimellitate and dioctyl adipate.

[0027] Further preferably, the plasticizer includes trioctyl trimellitate.

[0028] The flame retardant includes at least one of antimony trioxide, sodium antimonide, zinc borate, molybdenum trioxide, ammonium molybdate and ferrocene.

[0029] Preferably, the flame retardant includes at least one of antimony trioxide and sodium antimonide.

[0030] Further preferably, the flame retardant includes antimony trioxide.

[0031] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing PVC particles, comprising the following steps: mixing and stirring the components uniformly, and granulating the PVC particles by twin-screw extrusion.

[0032] The stirring speed is 800-1500 r / min and the temperature is 125-150°C.

[0033] Preferably, the stirring speed is 800-1000 r / min and the temperature is 125-140°C.

[0034] More preferably, the stirring speed is 900 r / min and the temperature is 132°C.

[0035] A third aspect of the present invention provides an application of PVC particles for use in the preparation of wiring harnesses for new energy vehicles.

[0036] The applicant has found that the weight ratio of dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is (0.3-1):20:(35-50), which can improve the strength and aging resistance of PVC particles. It may be that the combination of trioctyl trimellitate plasticizer and PVC particles can inhibit the release of hydrogen chloride gas from the PVC particles due to thermal decomposition, thereby inhibiting the aging of the PVC particles. Dimethyl silicone oil has good lubricity, compatibility and dispersibility, and has a good synergistic effect with trioctyl trimellitate, further improving the physical properties of PVC particles. The specific amount of filler and trioctyl trimellitate can jointly improve the brittleness of PVC particles.

[0037] Beneficial Effects

[0038] 1. The PVC particles prepared in this application are used for wiring harnesses and meet the wear resistance requirements of the American standard SAEJ1128 and the scratch resistance requirements of the German standards DIN72550 and DIN72551.

[0039] 2. Stabilizer: Select calcium zinc stabilizer to improve the wear resistance of PVC particles at high temperatures.

[0040] 3. The weight ratio of dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is (0.3-1):20:(35-50), which can improve the strength and aging resistance of PVC particles.

[0041] 4. The weight ratio of dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is (0.5-1):20:(40-50), which can further improve the processing performance.

[0042] 5. By limiting the weight ratio of silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate to 1: (0.5-2), and both silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate are produced by water grinding, the wear resistance and scratch resistance of PVC particles can be improved at the same time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A PVC particle comprises the following components by weight percentage: 42.5% of a plasticizer (trioctyl trimellitate), 6% of a stabilizer (calcium zinc stabilizer), 3% of a flame retardant (antimony trioxide), 0.65% of dimethyl silicone oil (Shanghai Resin Co., Ltd., model: 250-30), 20% of a filler, and the balance of PVC (Changzhou Shengchengyuan Trading Co., Ltd., model: PVC 1300).

[0045] The particle size of the filler is 3000 mesh, and the filler is composed of silicon dioxide (water-ground silicon dioxide) and calcium carbonate. The weight ratio of the silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate is 1:1. The silicon dioxide is silicon dioxide produced by water-ground method, and the calcium carbonate is calcium carbonate produced by water-ground method, both of which are purchased from Zaoyang Jinjiang Powder Technology Materials Co., Ltd.

[0046] A method for preparing PVC particles: the components are mixed and stirred evenly (900r / min, 132°C), and granulated by twin-screw extrusion.

[0047] A kind of application of PVC particles is used in the preparation of wiring harnesses for new energy vehicles.

Claims

1. A PVC particle, characterized in that: Calculated by weight percentage, the components include: 35-50% of plasticizer, 4-8% of stabilizer, 1-5% of flame retardant, 0.3-1% of dimethyl silicone oil, 10-30% of filler, and PVC makes up the balance.

2. The PVC particles according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight ratio of the dimethyl silicone oil, filler and plasticizer is (0.3-1):20:(35-50).

3. The PVC particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polymerization degree of the PVC is 1000-2000.

4. The PVC particles according to claim 3, characterized in that The particle size of the filler is 2000-5000 mesh.

5. The PVC particles according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The filler comprises silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of silicon dioxide to calcium carbonate is 1:(0.5-2).

6. The PVC particles according to claim 5, characterized in that The stabilizer includes at least one of calcium zinc stabilizer, zinc stearate, aluminum tristearate, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil.

7. The PVC particles according to claim 6, characterized in that The plasticizer includes at least one of trioctyl trimellitate, dioctyl adipate, epoxy soybean oil and dioctyl terephthalate.

8. A method for preparing PVC particles according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the components uniformly, and performing twin-screw extrusion and granulation to obtain the granulated product.

9. The method for preparing PVC particles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stirring speed is 800-1500 r / min and the temperature is 125-150°C.

10. An application of the PVC particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Applied to the preparation of wiring harnesses for new energy vehicles.