Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodule and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules and a preparation method. The fermentation product comprises the following raw materials: 30-60 parts of dandelion, 40-80 parts of kelp, 20-40 parts of jellyfish, 20-50 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 10-20 parts of water chestnut, 10-28 parts of an enzyme preparation and 0.05-0.30 part of a leavening agent. The raw materials are subjected to enzymolysis and fermentation technologies, so that effective components in the traditional Chinese medicines are fully released and converted, the curative effect of the traditional Chinese medicines is improved, and the obtained fermentation product can delay the growth speed of lung nodules and even can reduce the size of the lung nodules and relieve the inflammatory response of the lung nodules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pulmonary nodules (PN) refer to round or irregular lesions with a diameter of less than or equal to 3 cm on imaging. Common types of pulmonary nodules in clinical practice include granulomatous nodules, adenomas, and early adenocarcinomas. In recent years, sub-health has become prevalent, the number of people with bad eating habits has increased, and the living environment is easily surrounded by bad air, smoke and other stimuli. The number of patients with hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia has increased, forming a biased constitution and being prone to nodules. With the popularization of chest CT and HRCT in physical examinations, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules has increased year by year.

[0003] Traditional Chinese medicine often attributes lung nodules to "pulmonary accumulation", "accumulation", "phlegm nodules", etc. The pathogenesis is basically deficiency of vital energy and insufficient yang energy, while the symptoms are phlegm, blood stasis and toxic evils that damage the lung meridian. On the basis of deficiency of the constitution, the lung is affected by external and internal toxic evils, leading to qi stagnation, phlegm accumulation and blood stasis, forming a solid pathological product, which obstructs the lungs and causes lung nodules, a syndrome of both deficiency in the root and excess in the superficial.

[0004] For the treatment of lung nodules, Western medicine uses chest CT and PET-CT follow-up to monitor small lung nodules (SPNs) with a diameter of less than 8mm. For lung nodules with a diameter of more than 8mm, Western medicine can only perform lung tissue resection through surgery to achieve the purpose of treating lung nodules. This treatment method is expensive and traumatic. Therefore, based on the overall concept of traditional Chinese medicine, early intervention with traditional Chinese medicine can control the growth rate of nodules before the lung nodules change. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a Chinese medicine fermentation product and a preparation method thereof, which can slow down the growth rate of lung nodules and even reduce the size of lung nodules and alleviate lung inflammation in order to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical contents of the present invention are:

[0007] The invention provides a fermentation product for improving lung nodules, which comprises, by weight, 30-60 parts of dandelion, 40-80 parts of kelp, 20-40 parts of jellyfish, 20-50 parts of ophiopogon, 10-20 parts of water chestnut, 10-28 parts of enzyme preparation and 0.05-0.30 parts of fermentation agent.

[0008] Preferably, the weight ratio of the dandelion to the ophiopogon is (1.2-1.5):1.

[0009] Preferably, the weight ratio of dandelion to water chestnut is (1-6):1.

[0010] Preferably, the weight ratio of dandelion to jellyfish is (0.75-3):1.

[0011] Further preferably, by weight, the composition comprises 45 parts of dandelion, 60 parts of kelp, 30 parts of jellyfish, 35 parts of ophiopogon, 15 parts of water chestnut, 18 parts of enzyme preparation and 0.16 parts of leavening agent.

[0012] Preferably, the starter comprises, by weight, 0.03-0.20 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.02-0.10 parts of Lactobacillus paracasei.

[0013] Further preferably, the weight ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum to Lactobacillus paracasei is (8-16):(4-8).

[0014] More preferably, the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus plantarum is 100-1000 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 100-500 billion CFU / g.

[0015] Preferably, the enzyme preparation comprises 2-8 parts of cellulase, 3-8 parts of mesophilic amylase and 5-12 parts of pectinase in parts by weight.

[0016] Preferably, the enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20000-40000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4000 U / g, and the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30000-50000 U / g.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) mixing dandelion, kelp, jellyfish, ophiopogon japonicus, water chestnut and water to obtain a Chinese medicine mixture;

[0019] (2) adding an enzyme preparation to the traditional Chinese medicine mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis, adjusting the pH value, and obtaining an enzymatic hydrolyzate;

[0020] (3) performing enzyme-inactivating extraction on the enzymatic hydrolyzate to obtain an enzyme-inactivating extract;

[0021] (4) adding a fermentation agent to the enzyme-killed extract to carry out fermentation to obtain a fermentation liquid, and performing solid-liquid separation on the fermentation liquid to obtain a fermentation supernatant, i.e., a fermentation product.

[0022] Preferably, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature in step (2) is 40-60°C, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 60-120 min.

[0023] More preferably, in step (2), the pH is adjusted to 5.0-6.0.

[0024] Preferably, the enzyme inactivation extraction temperature in step (3) is 70-90° C., and the enzyme inactivation extraction time is 30-100 min.

[0025] Preferably, in step (4), the fermentation temperature is 25-40° C. and the fermentation time is 40-60 h.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] Dandelion is the dried whole herb of the Asteraceae plant dandelion, which is sweet, bitter, cold in nature, and enters the liver and kidney meridians. It has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and dispersing nodules. Kelp is the dried thallus of the Laminariaceae plant kelp or the Pterophyceae plant kelp, which is salty, cold, and enters the liver, stomach and kidney meridians, and has the effects of eliminating phlegm, softening and dispersing nodules, and promoting diuresis and reducing swelling. Ophiopogon is the dried tuberous root of the Liliaceae plant Ophiopogon, which is sweet and slightly bitter, slightly cold, and enters the heart, lung, and stomach meridians. It has the effects of nourishing yin and promoting body fluid, moistening the lungs and clearing the heart, and is commonly used for dry cough due to lung dryness, yin deficiency and tuberculosis cough, etc. The fermented product for improving lung nodules provided by the present invention selects dandelion, kelp, jellyfish, Ophiopogon and water chestnut as raw materials, and the above raw materials are coordinated to effectively alleviate the number and average size of granuloma nodules in mice, and can effectively alleviate the level of inflammatory factors in lung nodules, and is used for the treatment of lung nodules. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following non-limiting examples can enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. The following content is merely an exemplary description of the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention based on the disclosed content, which should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0029] When the embodiments give numerical ranges, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0030] The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples. The various chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention are obtained through conventional commercial channels unless otherwise specified. Products from different manufacturers have no significant effect on the effects.

[0031] Cellulase, mesophilic amylase, pectinase, and acid protease were purchased from Shandong Longkote Enzyme Preparation Co., Ltd.; Lactobacillus plantarum LP90 was purchased from Weikang Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.; Lactobacillus paracasei JLPF-176 was purchased from Shandong Zhongke Jiayi Bioengineering Co., Ltd.; and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA85 was purchased from Weikang Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The present embodiment provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, including 45 parts by weight of dandelion, 60 parts by weight of kelp, 30 parts by weight of jellyfish, 35 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus, 15 parts by weight of water chestnut, 4 parts by weight of cellulase, 6 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 8 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.1 parts by weight of plant lactobacillus, and 0.06 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20,000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4,000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30,000 U / g, the viable bacterial count of plant lactobacillus is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0034] Preparation method:

[0035] (1) 45 parts by weight of dandelion, 60 parts by weight of kelp, 30 parts by weight of jellyfish, 35 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus and 15 parts by weight of water chestnut are crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed powder; (2) the Chinese medicine mixed powder is uniformly mixed with 1815 parts by weight of water, and citric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4.8 to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed liquid; (3) 4 parts by weight of cellulase, 6 parts by weight of medium-temperature amylase and 8 parts by weight of pectinase are added to the Chinese medicine mixed liquid, and the mixture is stirred at a temperature of The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 50°C for 90 minutes, and sodium bicarbonate was added to adjust the pH value to 5.6 to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; (4) the enzymatic hydrolyzate was heated to 80°C and the enzyme was inactivated for 60 minutes to obtain an enzyme-inactivated extract; (5) after the enzyme-inactivated extract was cooled to 30°C, 0.10 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.06 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei were added, and fermentation was carried out at 30°C for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid; (6) the fermentation liquid was separated into solid and liquid to obtain a fermentation supernatant, i.e., a fermentation product.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The present embodiment provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, including 60 parts by weight of dandelion, 40 parts by weight of kelp, 20 parts by weight of jellyfish, 50 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus, 10 parts by weight of water chestnut, 2 parts by weight of cellulase, 5 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 5 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.03 parts by weight of plant lactobacillus, and 0.10 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20,000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4,000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30,000 U / g, the viable bacterial count of plant lactobacillus is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0038] Preparation method:

[0039] (1) 60 parts by weight of dandelion, 40 parts by weight of kelp, 20 parts by weight of jellyfish, 50 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus and 10 parts by weight of water chestnut are crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed powder; (2) the Chinese medicine mixed powder is uniformly mixed with 1820 parts by weight of water, and citric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4.8 to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed liquid; (3) 2 parts by weight of cellulase, 5 parts by weight of medium-temperature amylase and 5 parts by weight of pectinase are added to the Chinese medicine mixed liquid, and the mixture is stirred at a temperature of 4 The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 0°C for 120 min, and sodium bicarbonate was added to adjust the pH value to 5.6 to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; (4) the enzymatic hydrolyzate was heated to 70°C and the enzyme was inactivated for 100 min to obtain an enzyme-inactivated extract; (5) after the enzyme-inactivated extract was cooled to 25°C, 0.03 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.10 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei were added, and fermentation was carried out at 25°C for 60 h to obtain a fermentation liquid; (6) the fermentation liquid was separated into solid and liquid to obtain a fermentation supernatant, i.e., a fermentation product.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The present embodiment provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, including 40 parts by weight of dandelion, 50 parts by weight of kelp, 25 parts by weight of jellyfish, 30 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus, 12 parts by weight of water chestnut, 3 parts by weight of cellulase, 8 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 6 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.08 parts by weight of plant lactobacillus, and 0.08 parts by weight of paracasei lactobacillus. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30000 U / g, the viable bacterial count of plant lactobacillus is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of paracasei lactobacillus is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0042] Preparation method:

[0043] (1) 40 parts by weight of dandelion, 50 parts by weight of kelp, 25 parts by weight of jellyfish, 30 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus and 12 parts by weight of water chestnut are crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed powder; (2) the Chinese medicine mixed powder is uniformly mixed with 1843 parts by weight of water, and citric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4.8 to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed liquid; (3) 3 parts by weight of cellulase, 8 parts by weight of medium-temperature amylase and 6 parts by weight of pectinase are added to the Chinese medicine mixed liquid, and the mixture is stirred at a temperature of 4 The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 5°C for 100 min, and sodium bicarbonate was added to adjust the pH value to 5.6 to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; (4) the enzymatic hydrolyzate was heated to 75°C and the enzyme was inactivated for 80 min to obtain an enzyme-inactivated extract; (5) after the enzyme-inactivated extract was cooled to 32°C, 0.08 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.08 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei were added, and the extract was fermented at 32°C for 50 h to obtain a fermentation liquid; (6) the fermentation liquid was separated into solid and liquid to obtain a fermentation supernatant, i.e., a fermentation product.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] The present embodiment provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, including 30 parts by weight of dandelion, 80 parts by weight of kelp, 40 parts by weight of jellyfish, 20 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus, 20 parts by weight of water chestnut, 8 parts by weight of cellulase, 3 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 12 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.20 parts by weight of plant lactobacillus, and 0.02 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20,000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4,000 U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30,000 U / g, the viable bacterial count of plant lactobacillus is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0046] Preparation method:

[0047] (1) 30 parts by weight of dandelion, 80 parts by weight of kelp, 40 parts by weight of jellyfish, 20 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus and 20 parts by weight of water chestnut are crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed powder; (2) the Chinese medicine mixed powder is uniformly mixed with 1810 parts by weight of water, and citric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4.8 to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed liquid; (3) 8 parts by weight of cellulase, 3 parts by weight of medium-temperature amylase and 12 parts by weight of pectinase are added to the Chinese medicine mixed liquid, and the mixture is stirred at a temperature of The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 60°C for 60 minutes, and sodium bicarbonate was added to adjust the pH value to 5.6 to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; (4) the enzymatic hydrolyzate was heated to 90°C and the enzyme was inactivated for 30 minutes to obtain an enzyme-inactivated extract; (5) after the enzyme-inactivated extract was cooled to 40°C, 0.20 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.02 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei were added, and fermentation was carried out at 40°C for 45 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid; (6) the fermentation liquid was separated into solid and liquid to obtain a fermentation supernatant, i.e., a fermentation product.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, which differs from Example 1 only in that it does not include Ophiopogon japonicus and Water Chestnut, that is, it includes 45 parts by weight of dandelion, 60 parts by weight of Kelp, 80 parts by weight of jellyfish, 4 parts by weight of cellulase, 6 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 8 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.1 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, and 0.06 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20000U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4000U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30000U / g, the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus plantarum is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0050] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, which differs from Example 1 only in that jellyfish and water chestnut are not included, that is, 45 parts by weight of dandelion, 60 parts by weight of kelp, 80 parts by weight of ophiopogon, 4 parts by weight of cellulase, 6 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 8 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.1 parts by weight of plant lactobacillus, and 0.06 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20000U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4000U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30000U / g, the viable bacterial count of plant lactobacillus is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0053] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, which differs from Example 1 only in that jellyfish and ophiopogon are not included, that is, 45 parts by weight of dandelion, 60 parts by weight of kelp, 80 parts by weight of water chestnut, 4 parts by weight of cellulase, 6 parts by weight of mesophilic amylase, 8 parts by weight of pectinase, 0.1 parts by weight of plant lactobacillus, and 0.06 parts by weight of Lactobacillus paracasei. The enzymatic activity of the cellulase is 20000U / g, the enzymatic activity of the mesophilic amylase is 4000U / g, the enzymatic activity of the pectinase is 30000U / g, the viable bacterial count of plant lactobacillus is 100 billion CFU / g, and the viable bacterial count of Lactobacillus paracasei is 80 billion CFU / g.

[0056] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving lung nodules. The difference between the comparative example and Example 1 is that the jellyfish is replaced by seaweed, and the remaining ingredients and preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 5

[0060] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, which is different from Example 1 in that the medium-temperature amylase is replaced by an acidic protease, and the remaining ingredients and preparation method are the same as those of Example 1. The enzyme activity of the acidic protease is 50000 U / g,

[0061] Comparative Example 6

[0062] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving lung nodules. The difference between the comparative example and Example 1 is that the starter only includes 0.16 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, and the remaining ingredients and preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 7

[0064] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, which is different from Example 1 in that Lactobacillus paracasei is replaced by Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the remaining ingredients and preparation method are the same as those of Example 1. The viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus is 300 billion CFU / g.

[0065] Comparative Example 8

[0066] This comparative example provides a fermentation product for improving lung nodules, which differs from Example 1 in that it has not been subjected to fermentation treatment.

[0067] Preparation method:

[0068] (1) 45 parts by weight of dandelion, 60 parts by weight of kelp, 30 parts by weight of jellyfish, 35 parts by weight of ophiopogon japonicus and 15 parts by weight of water chestnut are crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed powder; (2) the Chinese medicine mixed powder and 1815 parts by weight of water are uniformly mixed, and citric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4.8 to obtain a Chinese medicine mixed solution; (3) 4 parts by weight of cellulase, 6 parts by weight of medium-temperature amylase and 8 parts by weight of pectinase are added to the Chinese medicine mixed solution, and enzymolysis is carried out at a temperature of 50°C for 90 minutes, and sodium bicarbonate is added to adjust the pH value to 5.6 to obtain an enzymatic solution; (4) the enzymatic solution is heated to 80°C, and the enzyme is inactivated for 60 minutes to obtain an enzyme-inactivated extract; (5) the enzyme-inactivated extract is separated into a solid-liquid state to obtain a supernatant, which is the product.

[0069] Experimental Example 1 Animal Experiment

[0070] Modeling: C57BL / 6 male mice were selected, routinely adapted and fed for 7 days, and randomly divided into groups of 10 mice in each group. All mice were pre-sensitized with 0.25 mL of inactivated 2 mg / mL Propionibacterium acnes intraperitoneally. On the 7th day, a 10 mg / mL Propionibacterium acnes suspension was orally and nasally instilled once every 3 days, 0.05 mL / mouse / time, and oral gavage was started. The corresponding fermentation products of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were gavaged, and the control group was gavaged with normal saline. The gavage was continued for 30 days.

[0071] The dosage was 150 mL per day for humans. The oral dosage for mice was calculated by equivalent dosage conversion based on body surface area ratio, which was 19.5 mL / kg. This dosage was administered by oral gavage.

[0072] 1.1 Pulmonary nodule experiment

[0073] One hour after the last administration, the mice were deeply anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and then dissected to remove lung tissues to count the number of pulmonary nodule granulomas and measure the size of granulomas. The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0074] Table 1 Effects of fermentation products on lung nodules in mouse models

[0075]

[0076] Note: * represents P<0.05 compared with the control group, ** represents P<0.01 compared with the control group; # represents P<0.05 compared with Example 1, ## represents P<0.01 compared with Example 1.

[0077] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the number and average size of lung nodules in the fermentation products provided by Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were reduced to varying degrees compared with the control group, indicating that the fermentation products provided by the present invention can alleviate the condition of lung nodules to varying degrees. The number and average size of lung nodules in mice gavaged with the fermentation products of Comparative Examples 1-8 were lower than those in Example 1, indicating that the Chinese medicine composition, enzyme preparation, fermentation agent and fermentation method provided by the present invention can more effectively reduce the size of lung nodules.

[0078] 1.2 Detection of inflammatory factors in lung tissue

[0079] Pulmonary sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated disease, which is generally a response of the body to certain stimuli (such as infection, inflammation, toxin exposure or smoking). It is characterized by activated monocytes or macrophages, and highly polarized helper T cells 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells, which are consistent with continuous antigenic stimulation and secrete cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23 (IL-23). ​​These cytokines play a key role in the pathological process of sarcoidosis, such as inflammatory response and granuloma formation.

[0080] Interleukin-10 (IL-10) can inhibit inflammatory and cellular immune responses, strengthen tolerance associated with adaptive immunity and clearance functions, and inhibit proinflammatory factors produced by monocytes and macrophages. IL-17A is mainly secreted by Th17 cells and can promote the recruitment and activation of a variety of inflammatory cells (such as neutrophils, macrophages, etc.). IL-23 is closely related to the differentiation and survival of Th17 cells. It can promote the production of IL-17A, thereby forming a positive feedback loop, further aggravating the inflammatory response and promoting the formation of lung nodules.

[0081] In summary, IL-10, IL-17A and IL-23 cytokines were selected as inflammation-related indicators to investigate the inflammation levels in the lung tissues.

[0082] One hour after the last administration, the mice were deeply anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. After the mice were killed, the chest cavity was exposed by dissection, one side of the lung bronchus was ligated, and the left bronchoalveolar lavage was performed. The lavage was repeated 3 times with 1 mL of PBS solution, and each lavage was stopped for 30 seconds. The lavage fluid finally collected was centrifuged at 4°C, 200×g for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was taken. The content of inflammatory factors IL-10, IL-17A and IL-23 was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The experimental results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0083] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that after intragastric administration of the prepared Chinese medicinal fermentation product, the content of inflammatory factor IL-10 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of each group of mice was higher than that of the control group, while the contents of IL-17A and IL-23 were lower than those of the control group. This indicates that the prepared Chinese medicinal fermentation product of the present invention reduces the inflammatory response of pulmonary nodules, thereby achieving the purpose of improving pulmonary nodules.

[0084] Compared with Example 1, the content of inflammatory factor IL-10 in the alveolar lavage fluid of mice in Comparative Examples 1-4 was reduced, and the contents of IL-17A and IL-23 were increased, which shows that the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention can better alleviate the inflammatory response, thereby achieving the purpose of improving lung nodules.

[0085] Compared with Example 1, the content of inflammatory factor IL-10 in the alveolar lavage fluid of mice in Comparative Examples 5-7 was reduced, and the contents of IL-17A and IL-23 were increased, which shows that the enzyme preparation and fermentation agent provided by the present invention are the best choice, which can release more active substances and thus reduce the inflammatory response, thereby achieving the purpose of improving lung nodules.

[0086] Compared with Example 1, the content of inflammatory factor IL-10 in the alveolar lavage fluid of mice in Comparative Example 8 was reduced, and the contents of IL-17A and IL-23 were increased, which shows that the fermentation treatment carried out by the present invention releases more active substances than the traditional Chinese medicine decoction method, and the effective ingredients are increased, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory response, thereby achieving the purpose of improving lung nodules.

[0087] Table 2 Cytokine detection results of lung tissues of mice in each group

[0088]

[0089] Note: Different letters in the same column represent significant differences, P ≤ 0.05.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fermentation product for improving pulmonary nodules, characterized in that: The invention comprises 30-60 parts of dandelion, 40-80 parts of kelp, 20-40 parts of jellyfish, 20-50 parts of ophiopogon japonicus, 10-20 parts of water chestnut, 10-28 parts of enzyme preparation and 0.05-0.30 parts of leavening agent by weight.

2. The fermentation product according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight ratio of the dandelion to the ophiopogon is (1.2-1.5):

1.

3. The fermentation product according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight ratio of dandelion to water chestnut is (1-6):

1.

4. The fermentation product according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight ratio of the dandelion and the jellyfish is (0.75-3):

1.

5. The fermentation product according to claim 1, characterized in that The starter comprises, by weight, 0.03-0.20 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.02-0.10 parts of Lactobacillus paracasei.

6. The fermentation product according to claim 1, characterized in that The enzyme preparation comprises 2-8 parts of cellulase, 3-8 parts of medium-temperature amylase and 5-12 parts of pectinase in parts by weight.

7. A method for preparing the fermentation product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing dandelion, kelp, jellyfish, ophiopogon japonicus, water chestnut and water to obtain a Chinese medicine mixture; (2) adding an enzyme preparation to the Chinese medicine mixture for enzymolysis treatment, adjusting the pH value to obtain an enzymolysis solution; (3) performing enzyme inactivation extraction on the enzymolysis solution to obtain an enzyme inactivation extract; (4) adding a fermentation agent to the enzyme inactivation extract to perform fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution, and performing solid-liquid separation on the fermentation solution to obtain a fermentation supernatant, i.e., a fermentation product.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature in step (2) is 40-60°C and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 60-120 min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (3), the enzyme inactivation extraction temperature is 70-90°C, and the enzyme inactivation extraction time is 30-100 minutes.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (4), the fermentation temperature is 25-40°C and the fermentation time is 40-60h.

Images