Radiating element and method of manufacturing the same, antenna device
By integrating the radiating surface and the balun into a single design, combined with printed circuit boards and filter stubs, the problems of high loss and low efficiency of the radiating unit are solved, achieving more efficient and lower-cost manufacturing of the radiating unit.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN HONGXIN TELECOMM TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing radiation units suffer from high losses and low efficiency, and the welding process is complex and costly.
The design incorporates a radiating surface and a balun, uses a printed circuit board as the power supply component, and forms a filter circuit through filter branches to reduce solder joints and lower losses.
This improved the efficiency of the radiating unit, reduced costs, and simplified the manufacturing process.
Smart Images
Figure CN119651154B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radiating element, its manufacturing method, and an antenna device. Background Technology
[0002] The radiating element is the main component of an antenna, enabling directional transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves for wireless communication. Currently, most radiating elements are PCB-based, with the radiating surface, balun, and base all constructed from PCB circuitry. These components are soldered together, supported by plastic parts, to form the radiating element. This type of radiating element is widely used due to its relatively easy design of the filtering structure of the radiating surface and its convenient and flexible element layout. However, this technology suffers from problems such as high losses and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a radiating element with low loss and high efficiency, as well as its manufacturing method and antenna device.
[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a radiating element, including a radiating surface and a balun;
[0005] The radiating surface includes at least one radiating arm with a polarization direction, and the balun includes at least one feed balun. The radiating arms and the feed balun are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
[0006] The power supply balun includes a balun ground and a power supply component, with the balun ground and the radiating surface integrally formed.
[0007] The power supply component is configured as a printed circuit board, located in the balun ground, and its ground plane is coupled to the balun ground; the power supply component is also coupled to the corresponding radiating arm.
[0008] The radiating surface also includes filter stubs, and the radiating arm includes two sub-radiating arms, each of which is integrally connected to a filter stub to form at least one filter circuit.
[0009] In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes an open-circuit resonant ring, the sub-radiating arm of which operates at a frequency greater than or equal to a first frequency and less than or equal to a second frequency; the induced current in the open-circuit resonant ring from electromagnetic radiation at a frequency greater than the second frequency can cancel out the induced current in the sub-radiating arm.
[0010] In one embodiment, the upper part of the radiation segment of the sub-radiating arm is defined as the first segment, and the filter stub includes a second segment disposed opposite to the first segment, a third segment connected to the same end of the first segment and the second segment, and a fourth segment connected to the end of the first segment away from the third segment. The first segment, the second segment, the third segment and the fourth segment together define an open-ended resonant ring. The end of the fourth segment away from the first segment is spaced apart from the end of the second segment away from the third segment to define the opening of the open-ended resonant ring.
[0011] In one embodiment, the two sub-radiating arms included in the same radiating arm are defined as the first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm, respectively. The first sub-radiating arm and the second radiating arm are spaced apart. The feeding balun includes two balun grounds arranged spaced apart from each other. The two balun grounds are defined as the first balun ground and the second balun ground.
[0012] In the corresponding feed balun and radiation arm, the first balun is integrally connected to the first sub-radiation arm, and the second balun is integrally connected to the second sub-radiation arm.
[0013] In one embodiment, the power supply component includes a first power supply section, a second power supply section, and a third power supply section connected between the first power supply section and the second power supply section;
[0014] In the same power supply balun, a first power supply unit is located at and coupled to the first power supply ground, a second power supply unit is located at and coupled to the second power supply ground, and at least a portion of the structure of the third power supply unit is located between the first power supply ground and the second power supply ground.
[0015] In one embodiment, the radiating element is a dual-polarized radiating element, and the number of radiating arms and feed baluns are both two; the two feed baluns are defined as the first feed balun and the second feed balun, respectively; the two radiating arms are defined as the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, respectively.
[0016] The first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm are located in the first and third quadrants of the radiating surface, respectively. The first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm are located in the second and fourth quadrants of the radiating surface, respectively. The first, second, third and fourth quadrants are divided by two orthogonal axes whose intersection points coincide with the center of the radiating surface.
[0017] The first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm are respectively connected to the first balun ground and the second balun ground of the first feed balun; the first sub-radiating arm and the second radiating arm of the second radiating arm are respectively connected to the first balun ground and the second balun ground of the second feed balun.
[0018] In one embodiment, there are two power supply components, which are defined as the first power supply component and the second power supply component, respectively; and the two orthogonal axes are defined as the first axis and the second axis.
[0019] In the first power supply balun, the first power supply part and the second power supply part of the first power supply member are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first balun ground and the second balun ground along the extension direction of the second axis; in the second power supply balun, the first power supply part and the second power supply part of the second power supply member are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first balun ground and the second balun ground along the extension direction of the first axis.
[0020] In the third power supply section of the first power supply unit and the third power supply section of the second power supply unit, one of them is connected above the other.
[0021] In one embodiment, the first balun ground and the second balun ground are arranged in parallel within the same power supply balun.
[0022] The first balun ground and the second balun ground of the first power supply balun are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second axis so that the first power supply element can be inserted between the first balun ground and the second balun ground.
[0023] The first and second balun grounds of the second power supply balun are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first axis so that the second power supply element can be inserted between the first and second balun grounds.
[0024] In one embodiment, the radiating unit further includes a base, which includes a main body and four connecting arms extending outward from the main body. The four connecting arms are integrally connected to the first balun ground and the second balun ground of the first feed balun, and the first balun ground and the second balun ground of the second feed balun, respectively.
[0025] A second aspect of this application provides an antenna device, including a reflector and the aforementioned radiating element; the reflector includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction;
[0026] The balun of the radiating element is electrically connected to the first surface, and the end of the feed element facing away from the radiating surface passes through the reflector and extends to one side of the second surface of the reflector.
[0027] In one embodiment, a cable is also included, the inner conductor of which is electrically connected to a feeder extending to one side of the second surface of the reflector; the outer conductor of the cable is welded to the grounding layer of the feeder.
[0028] A third aspect of this application provides a method for manufacturing a radiating element, used to manufacture the aforementioned radiating element. The method for manufacturing the radiating element includes:
[0029] A planar metal sheet is cut to form a pre-processed part, the pre-processed part including a central part, at least two extensions extending outward from the central part, and sub-radial arms connected to the extensions one by one, the sub-radial arms being integrally connected with filter stubs to form at least one filter circuit.
[0030] Each sub-radiating arm is bent perpendicularly to the first side of the thickness direction of the metal plate relative to its corresponding extension.
[0031] At the connection points between each extension and the center, the extension is bent perpendicularly to the second side relative to the center, so that each sub-radial arm is coplanar, wherein the second side is opposite to the first side.
[0032] The beneficial effects of the aforementioned radiating element, its manufacturing method, and antenna device are as follows:
[0033] Because the radiating surface comprises radiating arms and filter stubs, and each radiating arm includes two sub-radiating arms, with each sub-radiating arm integrally connected to a filter stub to form at least one filter circuit, the filtering function is achieved using integrally formed sub-radiating arms and filter stubs. Compared to related technologies where the radiating surface uses a PCB, this avoids the losses caused by PCB circuits and improves the efficiency of the radiating unit. Furthermore, the radiating surface and balun are directly integrally formed, eliminating the need for soldering, reducing the number of solder joints in the entire radiating unit, and lowering costs. Moreover, the power supply component is configured as a printed circuit board, which is less complex to design and allows for higher structural precision compared to simply setting the power supply component as a trace. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating unit provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0036] Figure 3 An exploded view of the connection structure between the balun and the feeder in the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0037] Figure 4 A top view of the connection structure between the balun and the feeder in the radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0039] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0040] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart illustrating the method for fabricating a radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the formation of a pre-processed part in the method for manufacturing a radiating unit provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0042] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Top view;
[0043] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of bending the sub-radiating arm in the method for manufacturing the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0044] Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating the bending of the extension portion in the method for manufacturing the radiating unit provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0045] Figure 12 A comparison chart of the efficiency of the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application and the radiating elements of related technologies;
[0046] Figure 13 Standing wave cross-section of the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0047] Figure 14 The oscillator pattern of the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0048] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0049] 100. Radiation unit;
[0050] 10. Radial surface; 11. Baron; 111. Baron Land;
[0051] 20. Radiation arm; 200. Sub-radiation arm; 201. First sub-radiation arm; 202. Second sub-radiation arm; 21. First radiation arm; 22. Second radiation arm;
[0052] 30. Filter stub; 300. Open-circuit resonant ring; 31. First segment; 32. Second segment; 33. Third segment; 34. Fourth segment;
[0053] 40. Base; 41. Connecting arm; 42. Main body;
[0054] 50. Feeding balun; 500. Balun ground; 501. First balun ground; 502. Second balun ground; 51. First feeding balun; 52. Second feeding balun;
[0055] 60. Power supply component; 601. First power supply section; 602. Second power supply section; 603. Third power supply section; 6001. Strip wire; 6002. Substrate; 61. First power supply component; 62. Second power supply component;
[0056] 80. Pre-machined part; 81. Center section; 82. Extension section; 83. Cutting notch; 831. First notched section; 832. Second notched section;
[0057] 1000, Antenna assembly; 310, Reflector; 311, First surface; 312, Second surface; 320, Cable;
[0058] F, first axis; S, second axis; T, third axis; R, fourth axis. Detailed Implementation
[0059] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0061] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0063] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0064] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0065] The radiating element and antenna device of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 An exploded view of the connection structure between the balun and the feeder in the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A top view of the connection structure between the balun and the feeder in the radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 A schematic flowchart illustrating the method for fabricating a radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the formation of a pre-processed part in the method for manufacturing a radiating unit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Top view; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of bending the sub-radiating arm in the method for manufacturing the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the bending of the extension portion in the method for manufacturing the radiating unit provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0067] Reference Figure 1 The radiation unit 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a radiation surface 10 and a balun 11.
[0068] The radiating surface 10 includes at least one radiating arm 20 with a polarization direction, and the balun 11 includes at least one feed balun 50. The radiating arms 20 and the feed balun 50 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The feed balun 50 includes a balun ground 500 and a feed element 60, which are integrally formed with the radiating surface 10. The feed element 60 is configured as a printed circuit board, is disposed on the balun ground 500, and its ground plane is coupled to the balun ground 500. The feed element 60 is also coupled to the corresponding radiating arm 20.
[0069] The radiating surface 10 also includes a filter stub 30, and the radiating arm 20 includes two sub-radiating arms 200, each of which is integrally connected to the filter stub 30 to form at least one filter circuit.
[0070] Since the radiating surface 10 includes a radiating arm 20 and a filter stub 30, and the radiating arm 20 includes two sub-radiating arms 200, each sub-radiating arm 200 is integrally connected to the filter stub 30 to form at least one filter circuit, the filtering function is achieved by using the integrally formed sub-radiating arms 200 and filter stub 30. Compared with the PCB form of the radiating surface 10 in related technologies, this avoids the losses caused by the PCB circuit and improves the efficiency of the radiating unit 100. In addition, the radiating surface 10 and the balun 500 are directly integrally formed without soldering, reducing the number of solder points in the entire radiating unit 100 and lowering the cost. Furthermore, the power supply component 60 is configured as a printed circuit board, which is not only easier to design than simply setting the power supply component 60 as a strip, but also has higher structural precision.
[0071] The filter circuit includes an open-circuit resonant ring 300, and the sub-radiating arm 200 operates at a frequency greater than or equal to a first frequency and less than or equal to a second frequency. Electromagnetic radiation at frequencies greater than the second frequency induces a current in the open-circuit resonant ring 300 that cancels out the induced current in the sub-radiating arm 200. The operating frequency of the sub-radiating arm 200 can be, for example, 690MHz-960MHz.
[0072] This application embodiment Figure 1 In the example, the radiation unit 100 is a dual-polarized radiation unit, in which there are two radiation arms 20 and two feed baluns 50. The case of the radiation unit 100 being a single-polarized radiation unit is similar and will not be shown here.
[0073] The radiating surface 10 radiates or receives radio waves through the radiating arm 20. By integrally connecting each sub-radiating arm 200 with a filter stub 30 to form at least one filter circuit including an open resonant ring 300, the operating frequency of the sub-radiating arm 200 is greater than or equal to a first frequency and less than or equal to a second frequency. The induced current in the open resonant ring 300 of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency greater than the second frequency can cancel each other out with the induced current in the sub-radiating arm 200. Thus, when electromagnetic radiation with a frequency greater than the second frequency passes through the radiating unit 100, the induced current carried on the open resonant ring 300 can maintain a good approximate equal amplitude and opposite direction with the induced current in the sub-radiating arm 200. In other words, the induced current in the open resonant ring 300 of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency greater than the second frequency can cancel each other out with the induced current in the sub-radiating arm 200, thereby reducing or even completely eliminating the induced current of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency greater than the second frequency in the radiating unit 100, thereby achieving filtering of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency greater than the second frequency, so that the sub-radiating arm 200 is equivalently disconnected when the frequency is higher than the second frequency and equivalently connected when the frequency is lower than the second frequency.
[0074] Here, the integral molding of the radiating surface 10 and the Balendi 500 means that the radiating surface 10 and the Balendi 500 are integral structural components, directly electrically connected to each other without welding or electroplating. Both can be made of metal, for example, they can be integrally formed from the same flat metal sheet through processes such as cutting and bending.
[0075] In this embodiment, reference continues to be made to... Figure 1 The upper part of the radiation segment of the sub-radiating arm 200 is defined as the first segment 31. The filter stub 30 includes a second segment 32 disposed opposite to the first segment 31, a third segment 33 connected to the same end of the first segment 31 and the second segment 32, and a fourth segment 34 connected to the end of the first segment 31 away from the third segment 33. The first segment 31, the second segment 32, the third segment 33 and the fourth segment 34 together define an open resonant ring 300 as described above. The end of the fourth segment 34 away from the first segment 31 is spaced apart from the end of the second segment 32 away from the third segment 33 to define the opening of the open resonant ring 300.
[0076] Since the opening is located between the end of the second segment 32 and the end of the fourth segment 34, that is, the opening is offset relative to the middle of the second segment 32 and the middle of the fourth segment 34, the opening is offset relative to the middle of the opening resonant ring 300, thereby forming an offset opening ring filter structure loaded on the sub-radiating arm 200, which is beneficial to expanding the filter frequency band bandwidth.
[0077] Furthermore, the sub-radiating arm 200 is a closed frame, and around the center of the frame, one or more open resonant rings 300 of different sizes are provided on each of the four sides of the sub-radiating arm 200. For example, in Figure 1 In the example, on one side of the frame of the sub-radiating arm 200, two open resonant rings 300 are defined by two sets of first segments 31, second segments 32, third segments 33, and fourth segments 34. The filter stubs 30 on the four sides of the frame of this sub-radiating arm 200 are arranged in the same way, and will not be described in detail here. Of course, in the dual-polarized radiating unit, each sub-radiating arm 200 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the radiating surface.
[0078] To facilitate the explanation of the connection between the radiation arm 20 and the corresponding balend 500, Figure 1 The sub-radial arms 200 shown, together with their connected balun 500, are rotated vertically outward to obtain... Figure 2 The unfolded diagram shown ( Figure 2 (The power supply component is omitted in the diagram at the bottom of the drawing.) Figure 2 The top of the diagram is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the radiating unit 100. Figure 2 The bottom of the diagram shows a schematic of the unfolded structure. (Combined with...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two sub-radiating arms 200 included in the same radiating arm 20 are defined as the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202, respectively, and the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 are arranged alternately. The power supply balun 50 includes two balun grounds 500, which are defined as the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502, respectively. The first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 are arranged alternately.
[0079] In the corresponding feed balun 50 and radiating arm 20, the first balun ground 501 is integrally connected to the first sub-radiating arm 201, and the second balun ground 502 is integrally connected to the second sub-radiating arm 202.
[0080] In the example of the dual-polarized radiating unit, there are two radiating arms 20 and two feed baluns 50. The two feed baluns 50 are defined as the first feed balun 51 and the second feed balun 52, respectively. The two radiating arms 20 are defined as the first radiating arm 21 and the second radiating arm 22, respectively. Thus, the first feed balun 51 and the first radiating arm 21 correspond to each other, and the second feed balun 52 and the second radiating arm 22 correspond to each other.
[0081] For example, the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21 are located in quadrants I and III of the radiating surface 10, respectively, and the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22 are located in quadrants II and IV of the radiating surface 10, respectively. Quadrants I, II, III, and IV are divided by two orthogonal axes, namely the first axis F and the second axis S, whose intersection points coincide with the center of the radiating surface 10. In other words, the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21, and the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22, are orthogonally distributed with bipolarization, forming two pairs of symmetrical radiating arm pairs.
[0082] In specific connection, the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21 are respectively connected to the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the first feed balun 51. The first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22 are respectively connected to the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the second feed balun 52. That is, the first sub-radiating arm 201 of the first radiating arm 21 is connected to the first balun ground 501 of the first feed balun 51, and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21 is connected to the second balun ground 502 of the first feed balun 51. The first sub-radiating arm 201 of the second radiating arm 22 is connected to the first balun ground 501 of the second feed balun 52, and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22 is connected to the second balun ground 502 of the second feed balun 52.
[0083] Here, in the example of a single-polarization radiating unit, there is one radiating arm 20 and one feed balun 50. For example, it can be... Figure 2 The second radiating arm 22 and the second feed balun 52 can be removed to form a single-polarized radiating unit 100.
[0084] In this embodiment of the application, 2 and Figure 3 The power supply unit 60 includes a first power supply section 601, a second power supply section 602, and a third power supply section 603 connected between the first power supply section 601 and the second power supply section 602.
[0085] In the same power supply balun 50, the first power supply unit 601 is disposed on the first balun ground 501 and coupled to the first balun ground 501, the second power supply unit 602 is disposed on the second balun ground 502 and coupled to the second power supply unit 602, and at least a portion of the structure of the third power supply unit 603 is located between the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502.
[0086] In specific implementations, the first feed section 601, the second feed section 602, and the third feed section 603 each include a substrate 6002, and striplines 6001 and ground layers (not shown) respectively disposed on two opposing surfaces of the substrate 6002. For the first feed section 601, the ground layer is coupled to the corresponding first balun ground 501. For the second feed section 602, the ground layer is coupled to the corresponding second balun ground 502. Of course, both ends of the stripline 6001 of the third feed section 603 are also connected to the striplines 6001 of the first feed section 601 and the second feed section 602, respectively. The stripline 6001 of the third feed section 603 is used for coupling to the corresponding radiating arm 20 of the feed element 60. This ensures signal integrity from the stripline of the feed element 60 to the feed balun 50. Furthermore, the wiring of the third power supply unit 603 includes portions located on two surfaces of the substrate 6002 and via portions penetrating within the substrate 6002. The portions of the wiring of the third power supply unit 603 located on the two surfaces of the substrate 6002 are electrically connected through the via portions. Additionally, a set of corresponding power supply components 60 and the balun 500 can be fixed together using plastic studs.
[0087] Furthermore, combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 There are two power supply components 60, which are defined as the first power supply component 61 and the second power supply component 62.
[0088] In the first power supply balun 51, the first power supply portion 601 and the second power supply portion 602 of the first power supply member 61 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 along the extension direction of the second axis S. In the second power supply balun 52, the first power supply portion 601 and the second power supply portion 602 of the second power supply member 62 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 along the extension direction of the first axis F.
[0089] In the third power supply section 603 of the first power supply member 61 and the third power supply section 603 of the second power supply member 62, one of them overlaps the other.
[0090] Furthermore, in the same power supply balun 50, the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 are arranged in parallel. For example, the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 are both flat plates and are arranged in parallel.
[0091] The first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the first power supply balun 51 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second axis S so that the first power supply element 61 can be inserted between the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502.
[0092] The first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the second power supply balun 52 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first axis F so that the second power supply element 62 can be inserted between the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502.
[0093] Of course, the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the first feed balun 51 are also arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first axis F, and the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the second feed balun 52 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second axis S. Thus, a space Z is defined between the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the first feed balun 51 and the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the second feed balun 52. This space Z opens toward the radiating surface 10. Figure 2 and Figure 4 Since the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21 and the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22 are located in the four quadrants respectively, and are spaced apart from each other in the extension direction of the first axis F and the extension direction of the second axis S, the space Z is connected to the interval between each sub-radiating arm 200, so that the first feeder 61 and the second feeder 62, which are cross-shaped in the space, can be installed and inserted into the space Z from one side of the radiating surface 10.
[0094] Furthermore, continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The radiation unit 100 also includes a base 40, which includes a main body 42 and four connecting arms 41 extending outward from the main body 42. The four connecting arms 41 are integrally connected to the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the first power supply balun 51, and the first balun ground 501 and the second balun ground 502 of the second power supply balun 52.
[0095] Thus, the radiating surface 10, the balun 500, and the base 40 can be integrally molded.
[0096] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 This application also provides an antenna device 1000, including a reflector 310 and a radiating element 100 as described above. The reflector 310 includes a first surface 311 and a second surface 312 disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction.
[0097] The balun 500 of the radiating unit 100 is electrically connected to the first surface 311, and one end of the power supply 60 facing away from the radiating surface 10 passes through the reflector 310 and extends to one side of the second surface 312 of the reflector 310.
[0098] Furthermore, the antenna device 1000 also includes a cable 320, the inner conductor of which is electrically connected to a feed element 60 extending to one side of the second surface 312 of the reflector. The outer conductor of the cable 320 is soldered to the ground layer of the feed element 60.
[0099] It is understandable that the outer conductor of the cable 320 is soldered to the grounding layer of the power supply component 60, the grounding layer is coupled to the corresponding balun 500, the balun 500 and the base 40 are integrally formed, and the base 40 and the reflector 310 are coupled to each other, thus realizing the electrical connection between the outer conductor of the cable 320 and the reflector 310.
[0100] Furthermore, an insulating pad (not shown) is provided between the reflector 310 and the base 40, and the reflector 310 and the base 40 are connected by insulating screws, thereby coupling the reflector 310 and the base 40 together.
[0101] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 This application also provides a method for manufacturing a radiating element, used to manufacture the aforementioned radiating element 100. The method for manufacturing the radiating element includes:
[0102] S10. Cut the planar metal sheet to form a pre-processed part 80. The pre-processed part 80 includes a central part 81, at least two extensions 82 extending outward from the central part 81, and sub-radiating arms 200 connected to the extensions 82 in a one-to-one correspondence. The sub-radiating arms 200 are integrally connected with filter branches 30 to form at least one filter circuit.
[0103] S20. Each sub-radiating arm 200 is bent perpendicularly to the corresponding extension 82 towards the first side of the thickness direction of the metal plate. Here, the first side of the thickness direction of the metal plate can be, for example, Figure 9 The lower side shown in the middle of the image.
[0104] S30. At the connection point between each extension 82 and the center portion 81, the extension 82 is bent vertically to the second side relative to the center portion 81 so that each sub-radiating arm 200 is coplanar, wherein the second side is opposite to the first side.
[0105] In this embodiment, the metal sheet can be, for example, a flat metal sheet, which is formed into a pre-processed part through processes such as cutting. Here, a dual-polarized radiation unit is used as an example for explanation. The case where the radiation unit 100 is single-polarized is similar and will not be described again here.
[0106] The radiating unit 100 manufactured by the above method is formed by bending a single flat metal sheet, eliminating the need for numerous PCB solder joints. Furthermore, the inherent hardness of the metal is sufficient to support the balun 500 and the radiating surface 10, thus eliminating the need for plastic components to support the traditional PCB unit. This reduces the number of components, simplifies assembly and soldering, and improves the efficiency of the radiating unit. Additionally, the fact that the radiating surface 10 and the balun 500 do not require electroplating also reduces costs.
[0107] In the example of the dual-polarized radiating unit, there are four extensions 82 and four sub-radiating arms 200. The plane containing the pre-processed part 80 is divided into four quadrants, namely quadrants V, VI, VII, and VIII, by two orthogonal axes, namely the third axis T and the fourth axis R. The intersection of the third axis T and the fourth axis R coincides with the center of the central part.
[0108] Combining 2 and Figure 9 The four extensions 82 are located in quadrants V, VI, VII, and VIII, respectively, and the four sub-radiating arms 200 are also located in quadrants V, VI, VII, and VIII, corresponding one-to-one with the four extensions 82. Ultimately, the sub-radiating arm 200 located in quadrant VIII forms the first sub-radiating arm 201 of the first radiating arm 21, the sub-radiating arm 200 located in quadrant V forms the first sub-radiating arm 201 of the second radiating arm 22, the sub-radiating arm 200 located in quadrant VI forms the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21, and the sub-radiating arm 200 located in quadrant VII forms the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22.
[0109] The extension 82 located in quadrant VIII forms the first balun ground 501 of the first power supply balun 51, the extension 82 located in quadrant VI forms the second balun ground 502 of the first power supply balun 51, the extension 82 located in quadrant VII forms the second balun ground 502 of the second power supply balun 52, and the extension 82 located in quadrant V forms the first balun ground 501 of the second power supply balun 52.
[0110] Of course, after step S30, combined Figure 2 The power supply component 60 can be inserted into the aforementioned space Z from the gap between the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the first radiating arm 21 and the first sub-radiating arm 201 and the second sub-radiating arm 202 of the second radiating arm 22, and the power supply component 60 can be fixed to the corresponding balun 500. Thus, the fabrication of the radiating unit 100 is completed.
[0111] The filter stubs 30 on the four sub-radiating arms 200 and how to form the filter circuit have been described in detail above, and will not be repeated here.
[0112] Furthermore, combined Figure 8 and Figure 11In step S10, during the step of forming the pre-processed part, a cutting notch 83 is also formed at the connection position between each extension 82 and the center part 81. The cutting notch 83 includes a first notch segment 831 and a second notch segment 832 that are connected to each other and perpendicular to each other. The first notch segment 831 extends along the relative direction of the sub-radial arm 200 and the center part 81, and the second notch segment 832 extends to the outer contour line of the extension 82.
[0113] In step S30, the step of bending the extension 82 vertically to the second side relative to the center 81 specifically includes bending the extension 82 at the end position of the first notch segment 831 away from the second notch segment 832.
[0114] The performance of the radiation unit in the embodiments of this application will be tested below.
[0115] Figure 12 This is a comparison chart of the efficiency of the radiating element provided in this embodiment and radiating elements in related technologies. In the radiating elements of the related technologies, the radiating surface is in the form of a PCB. Figure 12 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency of the radiating element, and the vertical axis represents the efficiency value. Figure 12 It can be seen that the efficiency of the radiating element 100 of this application is always greater than that of the radiating element in the related art within its operating frequency band (approximately 690 GHz-960 GHz).
[0116] Figure 13 The standing wave cross-section of the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 13 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency of the radiating element, and the vertical axis represents the standing wave ratio. Figure 13 The black and gray curves represent two orthogonally polarized standing wave tangent plots, respectively. Figure 13 It can be seen that in the radiating element 100 of this application, the peak values of the standing wave magnitudes of the two polarizations are both around 1.5 within its operating frequency band, which can meet the basic requirements for the radiating element.
[0117] Figure 14 The oscillator radiation pattern of the radiating element provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the angle of the planar radiation pattern, and the vertical axis represents the gain. Figure 14 The diagram illustrates thirteen oscillator direction curves for thirteen frequency values: 0.69 GHz, 0.703 GHz, 0.718 GHz, 0.733 GHz, 0.758 GHz, 0.773 GHz, 0.788 GHz, 0.8 GHz, 0.807 GHz, 0.822 GHz, 0.832 GHz, 0.847 GHz, and 0.862 GHz, when the angle Phi between the X-axis and the YZ plane is 90°. Figure 14It can be seen that the radiation unit 100 of this application embodiment has good consistency of radiation pattern curves at the above-mentioned frequencies, with a peak average value between 8dB and 9dB. Therefore, it can be concluded that the radiation unit 100 of this application embodiment has good performance.
[0118] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0119] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A radiating unit, characterized in that, It is a dual-polarized radiating unit and includes a radiating surface and a balun; The radiating surface includes two radiating arms, namely a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm; the same radiating arm includes two sub-radiating arms, namely a first sub-radiating arm and a second radiating arm. The balun includes two feed baluns, namely the first feed balun and the second feed balun; the radiating arm and the feed balun are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; each feed balun includes two balun grounds and a feed element arranged at intervals between each other, and the balun grounds and the radiating surface are integrally formed; The two baluns are a first balun and a second balun, respectively; the feeders of the two feed baluns are a first feeder and a second feeder, respectively; the feeder includes a first feeder section, a second feeder section, and a third feeder section connected between the first feeder section and the second feeder section; The power supply component is configured as a printed circuit board, the power supply component is located on the balun ground, and the ground plane of the power supply component is coupled to the balun ground; the power supply component is also coupled to the corresponding radiating arm; The radiating surface further includes a filter stub, and each of the sub-radiating arms is integrally connected to the filter stub to form at least one filter circuit. The first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm are located in the first and third quadrants of the radiating surface, respectively. The first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm are located in the second and fourth quadrants of the radiating surface, respectively. The first, second, third, and fourth quadrants are divided by two orthogonal axes whose intersection points coincide with the center of the radiating surface. The two orthogonal axes are the first axis and the second axis. In the first power supply balun, the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion of the first power supply member are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first balun ground and the second balun ground along the extension direction of the second axis; in the second power supply balun, the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion of the second power supply member are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first balun ground and the second balun ground along the extension direction of the first axis; in the third power supply portion of the first power supply member and the third power supply portion of the second power supply member, one of them overlaps the other. In the same power supply balun, the first balun ground and the second balun ground are arranged in parallel; The first balun ground and the second balun ground of the first power supply balun are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second axis so that the first power supply element can be inserted between the first balun ground and the second balun ground. The first balun ground and the second balun ground of the second power supply balun are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first axis so that the second power supply element can be inserted between the first balun ground and the second balun ground.
2. The radiating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter circuit includes an open resonant ring, and the operating frequency of the sub-radiating arm is greater than or equal to a first frequency and less than or equal to a second frequency; the induced current in the open resonant ring caused by electromagnetic radiation at a frequency greater than the second frequency can cancel out the induced current in the sub-radiating arm.
3. The radiating unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper part of the radiation segment of the sub-radiating arm is defined as the first segment. The filter stub includes a second segment disposed opposite to the first segment, a third segment connected to the same end of the first segment and the second segment, and a fourth segment connected to the end of the first segment away from the third segment. The first segment, the second segment, the third segment and the fourth segment together define an open resonant ring. The fourth segment, located away from the first segment, is spaced apart from the second segment, located away from the third segment, to define the opening of the open resonant ring.
4. The radiating unit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first sub-radiating arm and the second sub-radiating arm are spaced apart, and the two baluns are arranged spaced apart from each other; In the corresponding feed balun and radiating arm, the first balun is integrally connected to the first sub-radiating arm, and the second balun is integrally connected to the second sub-radiating arm.
5. The radiating unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the same power supply balun, the first power supply unit is disposed on the first balun ground and coupled to the first balun ground, the second power supply unit is disposed on the second balun ground and coupled to the second balun ground, and at least a portion of the structure of the third power supply unit is located between the first balun ground and the second balun ground.
6. The radiating element according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radiating unit also includes a base, which includes a main body and four connecting arms extending outward from the main body. The four connecting arms are integrally connected to the first balun ground and the second balun ground of the first feeding balun, and the first balun ground and the second balun ground of the second feeding balun, respectively.
7. An antenna device, characterized in that, Includes a reflector and a radiation unit as described in any one of claims 1-6; the reflector includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction; The balun of the radiating element is electrically connected to the first surface, and one end of the feed element facing away from the radiating surface penetrates the reflector and extends to one side of the second surface of the reflector.
8. The antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a cable, the inner conductor of which is electrically connected to the wire of the power supply unit extending to one side of the second surface of the reflector; the outer conductor of which is welded to the grounding layer of the power supply unit.
9. A method for manufacturing a radiating unit, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the radiating element as described in claim 6 includes: A planar metal sheet is cut to form a pre-processed part, the pre-processed part including a central part, four extensions extending outward from the central part, and sub-radial arms connected to the extensions one by one. The sub-radial arms are integrally connected with filter branches to form at least one filter circuit. Each of the sub-radiating arms is bent perpendicularly toward the first side of the thickness direction of the metal plate relative to the corresponding extension. At the connection point between each of the extensions and the center portion, the extensions are bent perpendicularly to a second side relative to the center portion, so that each of the sub-radial arms is coplanar, wherein the second side is opposite to the first side.