A self-evaluation quantum random number generation system and method based on heterodyne detection

Abstract

The application discloses a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system and method based on heterodyne detection, which comprises the following steps: a heterodyne detection-based method is used to simultaneously extract two corresponding orthogonal component fluctuations of a quantum state as an entropy source of a random number generator; original data of a two-component measurement are randomly extracted based on a synchronous clock to reconstruct a quantum state phase space distribution in real time, so that the safety of the entropy source is comprehensively evaluated, and then the evaluation result is fed back to a hardware hash post-processing link, the size of a Toeplitz matrix constructed in an FPGA is adjusted in real time, and the real-time safety of the generated quantum random number is ensured; meanwhile, on the basis of simultaneously extracting two orthogonal component quantum fluctuations of a quantum state as an entropy source, multiple high-frequency quantum sideband modes in a balanced homodyne detection bandwidth are extracted as sub-entropy sources in parallel for the two orthogonal components, so that the quantum random number generation rate is doubled in a double-parallel quantum entropy source extraction mode.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of encryption technology, and particularly relates to a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system and method based on heterodyne detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] Random number is the key of encryption protocol, which fundamentally determines the privacy and security of information and communication system. Quantum random number generator is the core component of quantum secure communication, which has information theory provable randomness based on quantum physics intrinsic uncertainty. In the past ten years, a large number of theoretical and experimental researches on quantum random number generator have been carried out in the related fields at home and abroad, and various quantum entropy sources are explored to generate random numbers, such as photon arrival time, photon number statistics, quantum state component fluctuation, etc. The continuous variable quantum random number generator scheme based on quantum state orthogonal component fluctuation measurement has application prospects due to the advantages of easy preparation of quantum state, high detection bandwidth, strong system robustness and integrability, etc. The coherent detection methods used in the scheme are usually zero difference detection and heterodyne detection. However, the generation rate of random number also has a bottleneck, which is restricted by detection bandwidth, frequency spectrum gain, data transmission bandwidth, etc. The present embodiment needs to consider the random number generator system.

[0003] On the other hand, the improvement of random number generation rate needs to be guaranteed by its security, and the security without guarantee is meaningless. Any defect in the physical implementation of quantum random number generator may leak information related to the generation of random number, i.e. the so-called side information. In the presence of side information, the fundamental of quantum random number security lies in the reconstruction and evaluation of its quantum entropy source characteristics. In the past random number generation scheme, the minimum entropy is usually evaluated in a one-time-for-all way, which cannot guarantee the security of QRNG. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system and method based on heterodyne detection to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection, which comprises a heterodyne detection system and an upper computer connected with the heterodyne detection system.

[0006] The heterodyne detection system comprises a laser, an optical mixer, a balanced homodyne detector and a host computer; the laser is used for emitting laser light, the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emission light path, after the laser light passes through the optical mixer for optical mixing, the laser light is divided into four beams of split light, the four beams of split light are evenly divided into two groups according to a preset arrangement order, a balanced homodyne detector and a power divider are arranged on the light path corresponding to each group of split light, each group of split light is detected by the corresponding balanced homodyne detector to obtain two electrical signals, and after the obtained electrical signals are evenly distributed by the power divider, a first signal and a second signal are obtained; a first signal processing unit is arranged on the first signal corresponding to each power divider, and a second signal processing unit is arranged on the second signal corresponding to each power divider;

[0007] The first signal processing unit and the second signal processing unit are the same in structure and each comprise a mixing module, a low-pass filter module, an analog-to-digital conversion module and an FPGA module arranged in sequence on the light beam;

[0008] Each FPGA module is connected to the host computer.

[0009] Optionally, an optical attenuator and an optical fiber polarizer are arranged in sequence on the light path between the laser and the optical mixer.

[0010] Optionally, the mixing module comprises a plurality of mixers arranged in parallel, and adjacent mixers are connected through a signal generator.

[0011] Optionally, the low-pass filter module comprises a plurality of low-pass filters arranged in parallel.

[0012] Optionally, a Toeplitz module and a DMA module are integrated in the FPGA module and arranged in sequence in series, the input ends of the Toeplitz module and the DMA module are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module, the output end of the DMA module is connected to a KLD module through an AXI4 bus, and the KLD module is further connected to the host computer.

[0013] A self-evaluation quantum random number generation method based on heterodyne detection, applied to a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection, comprising:

[0014] Step 1: Construct and start the heterodyne detection system;

[0015] Step two: the laser emitted by the laser is used as the local light, the vacuum state quantum entropy source is used as the signal light, the local light and the signal light are mixed through the light mixer to obtain two mixed lights, the corresponding mixed light is converted into the photoelectric signal by the balanced homodyne detector, the photoelectric signal is divided into several parts by the power divider, the divided photoelectric signal is mixed with the radio frequency signal and filtered to obtain the filtered signal, and the multi-band mode parallel extraction is realized;

[0016] Step three: the analog-digital conversion module is used for analog-digital conversion of the filtered signal to obtain the original random sequence;

[0017] Step four: in each clock cycle, the original random sequence is input into the FPGA module for post-processing, a data stream is constructed, the data stream is transmitted to the host computer for channel analysis to obtain the original random number and the true random number, and the true random number is used as a control signal to trigger the clock of the original random number extracted randomly;

[0018] A part of the original random number is extracted randomly, quantum state reconstruction and quantum entropy content calculation are performed, the relative entropy is obtained, when the relative entropy is outside the preset safety range, the relative entropy is recalculated, when the relative entropy is within the preset safety range, the random number is continuously generated and the subsequent steps are performed;

[0019] The relative entropy within the preset safety range is used to update and remove the edge information of the Toeplitz matrix in the FPGA module to obtain the updated FPGA module.

[0020] The original random sequence is post-processed according to the updated FPGA module, and the safe quantum random number is output.

[0021] Optionally, the data stream is constructed, and specifically includes:

[0022] The extracted original random number and the true random number are constructed into a data stream according to a preset proportion.

[0023] Optionally, the quantum state reconstruction and the quantum entropy content calculation are performed, and specifically include:

[0024] The phase space Husimi distribution of the vacuum state is reconstructed based on the randomly extracted original random number.

[0025] The distance between the phase space Husimi distribution of the reconstructed vacuum state and the ideal distribution is calculated to obtain the relative entropy.

[0026] The technical effects of the present application are:

[0027] (1) The present application realizes the extraction of double-component multi-channel parallel quantum entropy source. Heterodyne detection can realize the synchronous detection of double components, and has higher quantum tomographic reconstruction accuracy. In addition, through the parallel processing of multiple frequency bands for each component, double or multiple entropy source extraction can be realized, and the random number generation rate is doubled.

[0028] (2) The present application realizes real-time quantum state holographic monitoring and entropy content calculation. First, based on the heterodyne detection method, the quantum fluctuation of the vacuum field is detected and amplified, and the detected two orthogonal component quantum fluctuations are used as the entropy source of the random number. The clocks of the FPGA modules are synchronized, and the true random number is used as the control signal to trigger the clock of the random extraction of the original random number. The original random number is used for real-time reconstruction of the quantum state phase space distribution and real-time evaluation of the quantum entropy content.

[0029] (3) The present application realizes real-time entropy evaluation feedback. The relative entropy of the original random number is collected and calculated to measure the deviation of the entropy source quantum state from the pure quantum state. When the relative entropy fluctuates greatly, the quantum minimum entropy evaluation is performed again, and the evaluation result is fed back to the post-processing module in real time, ensuring the security of the random number generation process.

[0030] (4) The present application realizes real-time adjustable hardware post-processing of Toeplitz matrix scale. Based on the FPGA post-processing module, the Toeplitz matrix extractor can effectively eliminate the edge information of the system, and the real-time entropy evaluation result is fed back through the PCIe interface. According to the feedback content, the Toeplitz matrix scale can be adjusted in real time to meet the requirements of real-time generation of random numbers and uninterrupted post-processing, so that the system can still generate safe and reliable random numbers based on the extraction ratio of quantum minimum entropy under the condition of quantum attack or unsafe entropy source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0032] The drawings that form a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 The present application is a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system schematic diagram;

[0034] Figure 2The spectrum of the vacuum shot noise in the present invention and the two extracted frequency bands are used as entropy sources;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of real-time entropy evaluation and matrix scale feedback in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is the KLD fluctuation diagram of the system of the present invention before and after the thermal attack;

[0037] Figure 5 The Husimi phase space fluctuation diagram of the system of the present invention before and after the thermal attack;

[0038] Figure 6 The various test patterns that the random numbers generated by the present invention pass;

[0039] Explanation of reference numbers: 1. 1550nm LD-TC40 semiconductor laser; 2. Optical attenuator; 3. Fiber polarizer; 4. 90° optical mixer; 5. Balanced zero-beat detector; 6. Power divider; 7. Signal generator; 8. Mixer; 9. Low-pass filter; 10. Analog-to-digital converter; 11. Field-programmable gate array; 12. Host computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any intermediate value within a stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also encompassed by the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0042] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods are described herein, any method similar or equivalent to that described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present invention. The present description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0044] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this article are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0045] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection, including a heterodyne detection system and a host computer connected to the heterodyne detection system;

[0048] The heterodyne detection system includes: a laser, an optical mixer, a balanced zero-beat detector and a host computer; the laser is used to emit laser light, the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emission optical path, the laser is divided into four beams of split light after optical mixing by the optical mixer, the four beams of split light are evenly divided into two groups according to a preset arrangement order, and the optical path corresponding to each group of beams of light is provided with a balanced zero-beat detector and a power splitter, each group of beams of light is detected by the corresponding balanced zero-beat detector to obtain two electrical signals, and each obtained electrical signal is evenly distributed by the power splitter to obtain a first signal and a second signal; a first signal processing unit is provided on the first signal corresponding to each power splitter, and a second signal processing unit is provided on the second signal corresponding to each power splitter;

[0049] The first signal processing unit and the second signal processing unit have the same structure, and both include a frequency mixing module, a low-pass filtering module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and an FPGA module, which are sequentially arranged on the light beam;

[0050] Each of the FPGA modules is correspondingly connected to a host computer.

[0051] A self-evaluation quantum random number generation method based on heterodyne detection, applied to a self-evaluation quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection, comprising:

[0052] Step 1: Build and start the heterodyne detection system;

[0053] Step two: the laser emitted by the laser is used as the local light, the vacuum state quantum entropy source is used as the signal light, the local light and the signal light are mixed through the light mixer to obtain two mixed lights, the corresponding mixed light is converted into the photoelectric signal by using the balanced homodyne detector, and the photoelectric signal is segmented into several parts by using the power divider, the segmented photoelectric signal is mixed with the radio frequency signal and filtered to obtain a filtered signal, and multi-band mode parallel extraction is realized;

[0054] Step three: the filtered signal is converted into an original random sequence by using an analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0055] Step four: in each clock cycle, the original random sequence is input into the FPGA module for post-processing, a data stream is constructed, the data stream is transmitted to the host computer for channel analysis, an original random number and a true random number are obtained, and the true random number is used as a control signal to trigger the clock of the original random number.

[0056] A part of the original random number is randomly extracted, quantum state reconstruction and quantum entropy content calculation are performed, the relative entropy is obtained, when the relative entropy is outside the preset safety range, the relative entropy is recalculated, when the relative entropy is within the preset safety range, the random number is continuously generated and the subsequent step is performed.

[0057] The Toeplitz matrix in the FPGA module is updated and edge information is removed based on the relative entropy within the preset safety range, and an updated FPGA module is obtained.

[0058] The original random sequence is post-processed according to the updated FPGA module, and a safe quantum random number is output.

[0059] The embodiment provides a high-speed real-time self-evaluation quantum random number generation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) First, the quantum fluctuation of the vacuum field is detected and amplified based on the heterodyne detection method, and the two orthogonal component quantum fluctuations detected simultaneously are used as the entropy source of the continuous variable quantum random number.

[0061] (2) The true random number is used to generate an extraction clock, and a part of the original random number of the two components is randomly extracted for quantum state reconstruction and monitoring, the quantum entropy content is evaluated in real time, and the evaluation result is fed back to the post-processing module in real time.

[0062] (3) The size of the Toeplitz matrix based on the FPGA is adjusted in real time according to the feedback to remove the edge information, so that the system can still generate safe and reliable random numbers in real time based on the quantum minimum entropy extraction ratio under the condition of quantum attack or unsafe entropy source.

[0063] (4) The heterodyne detection system can realize the synchronous detection of double components, and through the multi-band parallel processing of each component, a double continuous variable quantum entropy source extraction is realized, and the generation rate of continuous variable quantum random numbers is doubled in a high-integrated and scalable manner.

[0064] The quantum random number generation system can be implemented as follows: a heterodyne detection system of a light field vacuum state is built, and vacuum quantum fluctuations are extracted as an entropy source for generating true random numbers. The vacuum state quantum entropy source is used as a signal input, a single-mode semiconductor continuous laser is used as a local oscillator, the signal light and the local oscillator light pass through a 90° optical mixer, and then are detected by two sets of performance-symmetrical balanced homodyne detection systems. The photoelectric conversion and amplification of the double-component shot noise are performed. The photoelectric current signals obtained by the balanced homodyne detection are divided into two or more parts by a power divider, and each part is mixed with a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency and filtered by a low-pass filter, so that the multi-band parallel extraction of the continuous variable quantum state is realized. Further, the original random sequence is obtained by analog-to-digital conversion. Finally, the FPGA is used for post-processing, the original sequence and the true random sequence are analyzed based on the channel, part of the original sequence is randomly extracted for quantum state reconstruction and quantum entropy content calculation, the feedback is given to the post-processing module through the entropy evaluation, the size of the Toeplitz matrix constructed in the FPGA is adjusted in real time according to the feedback, and the secure quantum random number is generated in real time after removing the side information.

[0065] The quantum state holographic monitoring step can be implemented as follows: first, data acquisition is performed by an ADC, and post-processing is performed in an FPGA. A random number real-time high-speed transmission and feedback system is designed based on a high-speed interface PCIe, an AXI4 bus, a DMA control module and a DDR4 cache. The post-processing is divided into parallel processing of multiple modules, and the clocks of the modules match each other. During the post-processing, the true random number and part of the original random number are jointly formed into a data stream according to a specific ratio and written into a large-capacity cache DDR4 through a DMA module in each clock cycle. The data is read from the DDR4 through the AXI4 bus and transmitted to the host computer through the PCIe high-speed interface for channel analysis. The original random number and the true random number are analyzed respectively, and the original random sequence is used for holographic reconstruction of the phase space Husimi distribution of the vacuum state. Real-time quantum state holographic monitoring and uninterrupted post-processing process are realized.

[0066] The random extraction of the original random number can be implemented as follows:

[0067] Firstly, the trigger clock of random extraction of original random numbers is controlled by the true random number generated by post-processing. The true random number after Toeplitz post-processing is a continuous bit stream, from which the true random number is extracted as a control signal, combined with a counter in a controller to determine the timing and frequency of random extraction, and to realize random extraction of original random numbers stored in a FIFO buffer queue.

[0068] The step of implementing real-time entropy evaluation feedback and real-time adjustment of the matrix size can be: the distance between the Husimi distribution of the reconstructed entropy source phase space and the ideal distribution is measured in real time by the relative entropy KLD, and if the fluctuation of KLD is within a safe range, the system is considered safe and can continue to generate random numbers. When the KLD changes by more than a threshold value, it is considered that the system is attacked by an enemy or disturbed by the environment, at which time the quantum conditional minimum entropy of the system is recalculated. According to the size of the minimum entropy, the matrix size is changed, PCIe writes a new random seed to the memory of the FPGA, and writes the new matrix size to the register of the FPGA through the PCIe interface or the UART serial port. Finally, the Toeplitz module changes the matrix size according to the register value.

[0069] The double-parallel extraction process of the quantum entropy source can be implemented as follows: firstly, the heterodyne detection system has higher quantum tomographic reconstruction accuracy and can realize synchronous detection of double components; the photoelectric current signal converted by the detector can be divided into two or even more parts through a power divider, and then the multi-band module parallel extraction of the fluctuation of the components of the continuous variable quantum state can be realized through mixing with the radio frequency signal and filtering through the filter. This scheme has scalability and high integration.

[0070] The high-speed real-time security self-evaluation quantum random number generator can be implemented by adopting a quasi-real-time method, constructing clock synchronization of the post-processing module, randomly extracting original random numbers in the time domain, processing data by the upper computer after channel analysis, reconstructing and evaluating the quantum entropy source state and entropy content of the quantum random number system, and realizing uninterrupted real-time quantum random number generation by post-processing. The security of the quantum random number generator is comprehensively and rigorously guaranteed.

[0071] The background light can be a continuous wave laser output by a center wavelength 1550nm LD-TC40 type semiconductor laser;

[0072] The 90° optical mixer is an HB-C2AFAS501 C-band signal light and local light mixer.

[0073] The radio frequency signal is a 100kHz-4000MHz HP8648A type signal generator;

[0074] The balanced detection uses two 1.6GHz PDB480C-AC type balanced detectors for detection;

[0075] The filter is a ZFM-11+ type mixer and a BLP-100+ type low-pass filter with a frequency range of 1 MHz-2 GHz.

[0076] The field programmable logic gate array type uses Kintex UltraScale 115 FPGA as the hardware platform for post-processing.

[0077] The analog-to-digital converter ADC has a sampling rate of 1 GSPS and a sampling accuracy of 16 bits, and the model is ADS54J60.

[0078] The embodiment realizes the extraction of a double-component multi-path parallel quantum entropy source. Heterodyne detection can realize synchronous detection of double components, with higher quantum tomographic reconstruction accuracy. In addition, by performing multi-band parallel processing on each component, double or multiple entropy source extraction can be realized, which can double the random number generation rate.

[0079] The embodiment realizes real-time quantum state holographic monitoring and entropy content calculation. First, based on the heterodyne detection method, the quantum fluctuation of the vacuum field is detected and amplified, and the detected two orthogonal component quantum fluctuations are used as the entropy source of the random number. The clocks of the FPGA modules are synchronized, and the true random number is used as the control signal to trigger the clock of the random extraction of the original random number. The original random number is used for real-time reconstruction of the quantum state phase space distribution and real-time evaluation of the quantum entropy content.

[0080] The embodiment realizes real-time entropy evaluation feedback. The relative entropy of the original random number is collected and calculated to measure the deviation of the entropy source quantum state from the pure quantum state. When the relative entropy fluctuates greatly, the quantum minimum entropy evaluation is performed again, and the evaluation result is fed back to the post-processing module in real time, ensuring the security of the random number generation process.

[0081] The embodiment realizes real-time adjustable hardware post-processing of the Toeplitz matrix scale. Based on the FPGA post-processing module, the Toeplitz matrix extractor can effectively eliminate the edge information of the system, and the real-time entropy evaluation result is fed back through the PCIe interface. According to the feedback content, the Toeplitz matrix scale can be adjusted in real time to meet the requirements of real-time generation of random numbers and uninterrupted post-processing, so that the system can still generate secure and reliable random numbers based on the extraction ratio of quantum minimum entropy under the condition of quantum attack or unsafe entropy source.

[0082] The specific implementation process of the embodiment includes:

[0083] Step 1: Build a heterodyne detection system for optical field vacuum state. Figure 1Schematic diagram of a high-speed, real-time, self-evaluation quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection according to this embodiment, wherein the dotted line represents a multi-path parallel scheme and the dotted arrow represents a feedback loop; Figure 1 As shown, a 1550nm central wavelength LD-TC40 semiconductor laser 1 continuously outputs continuous-wave laser light as the local oscillator light of the heterodyne detection system. The laser power is controlled by an attenuator 2, and a set of polarization controllers 3 coordinate the local oscillator light injection into a commercial 90° optical mixer module 4. The signal is input from the signal port, and two beams of light are split separately within the module. One beam undergoes a 90° phase delay and couples with each other. Before the light enters the optical mixer 4, the polarization controller is used to precisely adjust the orthogonal amplitude and phase of the two input components to ensure equal intensities. The output is then detected by two sets of symmetrical Thorlabs PDB480C balanced zero-beat detectors 5. A vacuum-state quantum entropy source is used as the signal input at the other input end of the optical mixer. The signal light and the local oscillator light coherently in the 90° optical mixer 4. By adjusting device parameters such as the optical attenuator and polarization controller, synchronized dual-flux shot noise is generated. The two integrals are simultaneously measured for dual-component detection, achieving a higher random number generation rate.

[0084] Step 2: If Figure 1 As shown, the photocurrent output of the balanced zero-beat detector 5 undergoes multiple parallel processing via a power divider 6. It is then mixed with the RF signal generated by an HP8648A signal generator 7 by a ZFM-11+ mixer 8, with two components grouped together to extract quantum sideband modes with different center frequencies. This is then filtered by a BLP-100+ low-pass filter 9 to satisfy the Nyquist double sampling theorem. The four sub-entropy sources are then sampled and quantized by an ADS54J60 analog-to-digital converter 10 with a sampling rate of 1 GSPS and a sampling accuracy of 16 bits.

[0085] Step 3: Before collecting the signal, you can also use a spectrum analyzer to observe the frequency domain information of the signal, such as Figure 2 As shown, this is the spectrum diagram of the vacuum shot noise in this embodiment. The figure extracts two frequency bands as entropy sources. Under the optimal sampling range of the ADC, the sampled and quantized original random sequences are input into the FPGA respectively. Two independent post-processing channels are constructed in each FPGA to post-process the two groups of original random sequences. The random numbers generated by the post-processing and the randomly extracted part of the original random sequence constitute a data stream in proportion and are written to the large-capacity high-speed cache DDR4 through the DMA module. The PCIe high-speed transmission module reads data from the DDR4 through the AXI4 bus through an interrupt response. The read data stream includes the post-processed data of the two channels and the original random sequence. This embodiment requires channel parsing of the read data stream to obtain the randomly extracted original random sequence and the post-processed random number.

[0086] Step 4: Real-time entropy evaluation and feedback. The randomly extracted original random sequence is used to reconstruct the Husimi distribution of the vacuum state, and the distance between the reconstructed distribution and the ideal distribution is measured using KLD. The KLD relative entropy measure is used to measure the difference between the experimental vacuum state and the ideal vacuum state. By monitoring the changes in quantum state purity in real time, quantum attacks can be detected in a timely manner. As shown in Figure 3 , the random extraction of original random numbers, real-time entropy evaluation, and matrix size feedback process. If the KLD fluctuation is within the safe range, the system is considered safe and can continue to generate random numbers. When the KLD changes exceed the threshold, the quantum condition minimum entropy of the system is recalculated. As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , respectively, represent the KLD fluctuation graph before and after the system is attacked by a thermal state, and the Husimi phase space fluctuation graph before and after the system is attacked by a thermal state. At this time, PCIe writes a new random seed to the memory of FPGA, and writes a new matrix size to the register of FPGA through PCIe interface or UART serial port. The Toeplitz module changes the matrix size according to the register value.

[0087] Step 5: For the real-time entropy evaluation quantum random number generator, this embodiment needs to rigorously measure its security and find possible security vulnerabilities. This embodiment performs a system performance test on data transmission and executes a complete workflow. The security vulnerability time includes the specific consumption time of random number transmission, software reconstruction of quantum state distribution, and matrix size feedback adjustment in the real-time entropy evaluation quantum random number system. The time bottleneck in the real-time evaluation feedback process of quantum entropy source is identified and minimized. In order to test the randomness of the real-time generated random numbers, the extracted random numbers are tested for offline randomness on a computer, and the quality of the post-processed random numbers is evaluated. This embodiment uses the NIST-provided randomness test suite, the DieHard test suite, and the Test U01 test suite as shown in Figure 6 , the random numbers generated by the real-time entropy evaluation quantum random number generator of this embodiment can all pass the test, indicating that the random numbers generated in this embodiment have excellent randomness.

[0088] The embodiment realizes real-time quantum state monitoring based on a heterodyne detection system, real-time entropy evaluation feedback, and real-time post-processing of a Toeplitz matrix scale based on FPGA. High-speed quantum random number generators are realized through double-component detection and multi-channel parallelism. Randomly collected original true random sequences are used to reconstruct the distribution of the vacuum state Husimi function in phase space, and the relative entropy is used to measure the deviation. When the relative entropy exceeds the threshold, the minimum entropy is re-evaluated, and the evaluation results are fed back to the post-processing module in real time. The real-time Toeplitz matrix scale is adjusted, so that the system can still generate credible and secure random numbers based on pure quantum state measurement under the condition of quantum attack or unsafe entropy source. Based on rigorous security considerations, the security vulnerabilities of the system are comprehensively calculated, and the security and practicality of the quantum random number generator are improved.

[0089] The above merely illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A self-evaluating quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection, characterized in that, The superheterodyne detection system and a host computer connected with the superheterodyne detection system are included. The superheterodyne detection system includes a laser, an optical mixer, a balanced homodyne detector and a host computer. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path.

2. A self-evaluating quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path.

3. A self-evaluating quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path.

4. A self-evaluating quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path.

5. A self-evaluating quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path.

6. A self-evaluation quantum random number generation method based on heterodyne detection, applied to the self-evaluation quantum random number generation system based on heterodyne detection in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. 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The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The laser is used for emitting laser, and the optical mixer is arranged on the laser emitting light path. The The Toeplitz matrix in the FPGA module is updated and the side information is removed based on the relative entropy within a preset safety range, to obtain an updated FPGA module; The original random sequence is post-processed according to the updated FPGA module, and a safe quantum random number is output.

7. The self-assessed quantum random number generation method based on heterodyne detection according to claim 6, wherein, The constructing data stream specifically comprises: Randomly extracting part of the original random number, and constructing a data stream according to a preset proportion between the extracted original random number and the true random number.

8. The self-assessed quantum random number generation method based on heterodyne detection according to claim 6, wherein, The quantum state reconstruction and quantum entropy content calculation specifically comprise: Reconstructing the phase space Husimi distribution of the vacuum state based on the randomly extracted original random number; Calculating the distance between the reconstructed phase space Husimi distribution of the vacuum state and the ideal distribution, to obtain the relative entropy.

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