Cable monitoring system and cable

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable monitoring system and a cable, the cable monitoring system comprises a temperature sensing unit, a vibration sensing unit, a strain sensing unit and a processor, the temperature sensing unit is used for detecting the temperature in the cable, the vibration sensing unit is used for detecting the vibration of the cable, and the strain sensing unit is used for detecting the strain of the cable. The processor is in communication connection with the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit and the strain sensing unit, and evaluates the health state of the cable according to signals fed back by the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit and the strain sensing unit. According to the cable monitoring system, the temperature information, the vibration information and the strain information of the cable can be acquired in time by using the processor, so that the fault risk of the cable can be acquired more accurately, and the health state of the cable can be evaluated more comprehensively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cable working condition monitoring, and in particular to a cable monitoring system and a cable. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the cable, the conductor will generate heat. Under the influence of factors such as excessive load, local defects, and external environment, the insulating material will rapidly age and become brittle. The insulation will be broken down, causing a short circuit or even a fire, resulting in serious accidents.

[0003] When an abnormal condition occurs in a cable, the temperature of the cable often changes significantly. Therefore, a temperature detection system is often used to detect the cable temperature and evaluate the health of the cable. The existing cable temperature monitoring device can be found in the patent application number CN202311504048.1, which is set on the outer periphery of the cable and detects the temperature of the cable through a temperature sensor. However, evaluating the health of the cable only by temperature is often inaccurate and it is easy to misjudge the cause of the cable failure.

[0004] Therefore, how to comprehensively evaluate the health status of cables is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, propose a cable monitoring system and a cable, and solve the technical problem of how to comprehensively evaluate the health status of the cable in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cable monitoring system, comprising: A temperature sensing unit, which is used to detect the temperature inside the cable; A vibration sensing unit for detecting vibration of the cable; A strain sensing unit for detecting the strain of the cable; The processor is communicatively connected with the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit and the strain sensing unit respectively, and evaluates the health status of the cable according to the signals fed back by the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit and the strain sensing unit.

[0007] In some embodiments, the temperature sensing unit comprises: A first hard sleeve having a first receiving cavity therein; a temperature sensing optical fiber, the temperature sensing optical fiber having a first sensing section passing through the first receiving cavity, the first sensing section being capable of generating strain according to temperature changes; and The first grating is sleeved on the first sensing section, and the first grating changes the adjustment signal in the temperature sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the first sensing section.

[0008] In some embodiments, the temperature sensing optical fiber has a plurality of the first sensing segments along its length direction, and there are a plurality of the first gratings, and the plurality of the first gratings are sleeved on the plurality of the first sensing segments in a one-to-one correspondence; The cable temperature measuring unit also includes a positioning member, both ends of the first sensing segment are fixedly connected to the positioning member, and the distance between the fixing points at both ends of the first sensing segment is smaller than the length of the first sensing segment, so that the first sensing segment is bent and has an arc.

[0009] In some embodiments, the vibration sensing unit comprises: A second hard sleeve having a second receiving cavity therein, and the second receiving cavity is filled with fiber paste; A vibration sensing optical fiber, wherein the vibration sensing optical fiber has a curved second sensing section, and the second sensing section is inserted into the fiber paste; A second grating, which is sleeved on the second sensing segment, and the second grating changes the adjustment signal in the vibration sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the second sensing segment; When vibration occurs, the fiber paste pushes the second sensing section to generate strain.

[0010] In some embodiments, the vibration sensing optical fiber has a plurality of second sensing segments along its length direction, and there are a plurality of second gratings, and the plurality of second gratings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence on the plurality of second sensing segments.

[0011] In some embodiments, the strain sensing unit includes an outer sleeve, an elastic sleeve, a strain sensing optical fiber and a plurality of third gratings, the outer sleeve is sleeved on the outer circumference of the elastic sleeve, the strain sensing optical fiber is passed through the elastic sleeve, and the strain sensing optical fiber has a plurality of fixed points fixed to the elastic sleeve in its length direction, the strain sensing optical fiber and the third sensing segments are spaced apart from each other at the plurality of fixed points, the third gratings are sleeved on the third sensing segments in a one-to-one correspondence, and the third gratings change the adjustment signal in the strain sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the third sensing segment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the strain sensing unit includes a tight cladding layer, and the tight cladding layer is sleeved on the outer circumference of the strain sensing optical fiber.

[0013] In some embodiments, the strain sensing unit includes a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is inserted into the outer sleeve.

[0014] In another aspect, the present invention provides a cable in which the above-mentioned cable monitoring system is arranged.

[0015] In some embodiments, the cable includes a first twisted layer, a second twisted layer and a reinforcing core from the outside to the inside, the temperature sensing unit and the vibration sensing unit are both embedded in the second twisted layer, and the strain sensing unit is embedded in the reinforcing core.

[0016] The temperature inside the cable is detected by the temperature sensing unit, the vibration of the cable is detected by the vibration sensing unit, and the strain of the cable is detected by the strain sensing unit. Since the processor is respectively connected to the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit, and the strain sensing unit, the processor can obtain the temperature information, vibration information, and strain information of the cable in a timely manner, so as to more accurately know the failure risk of the cable and further more comprehensively evaluate the health status of the cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cable monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature sensing unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration sensing unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a strain sensing unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of the accompanying drawings: temperature sensing unit 100, first hard sleeve 110, first receiving cavity 111, first sensing optical fiber 120, first sensing segment 121, first grating 130, positioning piece 140, vibration sensing unit 200, second hard sleeve 210, second receiving cavity 211, vibration sensing optical fiber 220, second sensing segment 221, second grating 230, strain sensing unit 300, outer sleeve 310, elastic sleeve 320, strain sensing optical fiber 330, third sensing segment 331, third grating 340, reinforcement rib 360, first twisted layer b, second twisted layer c, reinforcement core d. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In order to solve the technical problem of how to comprehensively evaluate the health status of a cable, the present invention provides a cable monitoring system and a cable, which can obtain the temperature information, vibration information and strain information of the cable, so as to more accurately know the failure risk of the cable and further more comprehensively evaluate the health status of the cable.

[0020] It should be noted that the cable monitoring system of the present invention is used for but not limited to cables, etc. For the convenience of explanation, in the present invention, only the application of the cable monitoring system to cables is used as an example for explanation. The principles of applying the cable monitoring system to other types of equipment are essentially the same as those applied to cables, and will not be repeated here.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cable monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention. The cable monitoring system includes a temperature sensing unit 100, a vibration sensing unit 200, a strain sensing unit 300 and a processor. The temperature sensing unit 100 is used to detect the temperature inside the cable, the vibration sensing unit 200 is used to detect the vibration of the cable, and the strain sensing unit 300 is used to detect the strain of the cable. The processor is communicated with the temperature sensing unit 100, the vibration sensing unit 200 and the strain sensing unit 300 respectively, and evaluates the health status of the cable according to the signals fed back by the temperature sensing unit 100, the vibration sensing unit 200 and the strain sensing unit 300.

[0022] In this embodiment, the temperature inside the cable is detected by the temperature sensing unit 100, the vibration of the cable is detected by the vibration sensing unit 200, and the strain of the cable is detected by the strain sensing unit 300. Since the processor is respectively connected to the temperature sensing unit 100, the vibration sensing unit 200, and the strain sensing unit 300, the processor can obtain the temperature information, vibration information, and strain information of the cable in a timely manner, so as to more accurately obtain the fault risk of the cable, and then more comprehensively evaluate the health status of the cable.

[0023] The temperature sensing unit 100 includes a first hard sleeve 110, a first sensing optical fiber 120 and a first grating 130. The first hard sleeve 110 has a first receiving cavity 111. The first sensing optical fiber 120 has a first sensing segment 121 that penetrates the first receiving cavity 111. The first sensing segment 121 can generate strain according to temperature changes, and the optical sleeve is arranged on the first sensing segment 121. The first grating 130 changes the adjustment signal in the first sensing optical fiber 120 according to the strain of the first sensing segment 121.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first hard sleeve 110 is first embedded in the cable, and the first sensing optical fiber 120 is connected to the signal conditioning instrument. Since the first sensing segment 121 of the first sensing optical fiber 120 is inserted into the first hard sleeve 110, the first hard sleeve 110 can prevent the first sensing segment 121 from being squeezed by the core. When the temperature inside the cable changes, the first sensing segment 121 will produce strain due to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction. At this time, the first grating 130 sleeved on the first sensing segment 121 will change the adjustment signal in the first sensing optical fiber 120, and then the temperature information inside the cable can be obtained according to the change of the adjustment signal. The temperature inside the cable can be detected by the above-mentioned temperature sensing unit 100, so that the risk of temperature-related accidents can be accurately assessed.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first sensing optical fiber 120 has a plurality of first sensing segments 121 along its length direction, and there are a plurality of first gratings 130, and the plurality of first gratings 130 are sleeved in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first sensing segments 121. Each group of first sensing segments 121 and first gratings 130 can be regarded as a sampling point, and data collected from a plurality of sampling points at the same time can be analyzed to exclude abnormal data, so that the inferred temperature information is more accurate.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first sensing segment 121 has a curvature.

[0027] In this embodiment, the first sensing segment 121 is made to have an arc, so that the first sensing segment 121 has a longer length in a limited layout space, which correspondingly increases the strain amplitude of the first sensing segment 121 during the temperature change process, and the change of the adjustment signal in the first sensing optical fiber 120 is more obvious, thereby ultimately improving the sensitivity of the temperature sensing unit 100.

[0028] Any implementation that can keep the first sensing segment 121 bent is feasible. In some embodiments, the temperature sensing unit 100 further includes a positioning member 140, both ends of the first sensing segment 121 are fixedly connected to the positioning member 140, and the distance between the fixing points at both ends of the first sensing segment 121 is smaller than the length of the first sensing segment 121, so that the first sensing segment 121 is bent and has an arc.

[0029] On the basis of the above embodiments, in some of the embodiments, the positioning member 140 includes an optical fiber with a strip, the optical fiber with a strip is stretched and passed through the first receiving cavity 111, and both ends of the first sensing section 121 are glued to the optical fiber with a strip.

[0030] In this embodiment, the optical fiber with ribbons is tensioned so that the optical fiber with ribbons can serve as a positioning reference for the first sensing segment 121, so that the distance between the fixed points at both ends of the first sensing segment 121 is kept stable, thereby maintaining the temperature of the bending arc of the first sensing segment 121, so that the strain of the first sensing segment 121 is only affected by temperature changes.

[0031] In some embodiments, the arcs of the first sensing segments 121 are the same.

[0032] In this embodiment, the curvatures of the first sensing segments 121 are made the same, so as to eliminate the influence of curvature differences on the strain of the first sensing segments 121 , thereby making the detection result of the temperature sensing unit 100 more accurate.

[0033] In some embodiments, there is a gap between the first sensing section 121 and the inner wall of the first hard sleeve 110 .

[0034] In this embodiment, since there is a gap between the first sensing section 121 and the inner wall of the first hard sleeve 110 , the first sensing section 121 can be prevented from contacting the first hard sleeve 110 to generate strain, thereby eliminating potential signal interference factors.

[0035] In some embodiments, the cable includes, from outside to inside, a first twisted layer b, a second twisted layer c and a reinforcing core d, and the temperature sensing unit 100 is embedded in the second twisted layer c.

[0036] In some embodiments, the vibration sensing unit 200 includes a second hard sleeve 210, a vibration sensing optical fiber 220, and a second grating 230. The second hard sleeve 210 has a second receiving cavity 211, and the second receiving cavity 211 is filled with fiber paste. The vibration sensing optical fiber 220 has a curved second sensing segment 221, and the second sensing segment 221 is inserted into the fiber paste. The second grating 230 is sleeved on the second sensing segment 221, and the second grating 230 changes the adjustment signal in the vibration sensing optical fiber 220 according to the strain of the second sensing segment 221. When vibration occurs, the fiber paste pushes the second sensing segment 221 to generate strain.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fiber paste is fine and soft. When vibration occurs, the fiber paste squeezes the second sensing segment 221, causing the second sensing segment 221 to be strained. The grating changes the adjustment signal in the vibration sensing optical fiber 220 according to the strain of the second sensing segment 221.

[0038] In some embodiments, the vibration sensing optical fiber 220 has a plurality of second sensing segments 221 along its length direction, and there are a plurality of second gratings 230 , and the plurality of second gratings 230 are sleeved on the plurality of second sensing segments 221 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0039] Each group of the second sensing segment 221 and the second grating 230 can be regarded as a sampling point. Collecting data from multiple sampling points simultaneously can analyze and exclude abnormal data, so that the vibration information derived is more accurate.

[0040] In some of the embodiments, the strain sensing unit 300 includes a jacket 310, an elastic sleeve 320, a strain sensing optical fiber 330 and a plurality of third gratings 340. The jacket 310 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the elastic sleeve 320. The strain sensing optical fiber 330 is passed through the elastic sleeve 320. The strain sensing optical fiber 330 has a plurality of fixed connection points fixed to the elastic sleeve 320 in its length direction. The strain sensing optical fiber 330 and the plurality of fixed connection points are spaced apart from each other. The third gratings 340 are sleeved on the third sensing segments 331 in a one-to-one correspondence. The third gratings 340 change the adjustment signal in the strain sensing optical fiber 330 according to the strain of the third sensing segment 331.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the external cable is pulled and strained, the third sensing segment 331 of the strain sensing unit 300 will also be strained accordingly, and the third grating 340 changes the adjustment signal in the strain sensing optical fiber 330 according to the strain of the third sensing segment 331 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the strain sensing unit 300 includes a tight cladding layer, which is sleeved around the outer circumference of the strain sensing optical fiber 330 .

[0043] In some of the embodiments, the strain sensing unit 300 includes a reinforcing rib 360 , and the reinforcing rib 360 is disposed inside the outer casing 310 .

[0044] In another aspect, the present invention provides a cable in which the above-mentioned cable monitoring system is arranged.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cable includes, from outside to inside, a first twisted layer b, a second twisted layer c and a reinforcing core d, the temperature sensing unit 100 and the vibration sensing unit 200 are both embedded in the second twisted layer c, and the strain sensing unit 300 is embedded in the reinforcing core d.

[0046] It is understandable that the conductor has a "skin effect", and the current in the conductor is more distributed on the periphery of the conductor, and the corresponding conductor generates more electric heat on the periphery. Therefore, the temperature of the first twisted layer b can most directly reflect the risk of temperature-related accidents, and the temperature of the first twisted layer b is also of the most monitoring significance. The temperature sensing unit 100 is embedded in the second twisted layer c. On the one hand, the temperature sensing unit 100 can be in direct contact with the first twisted layer b, and then obtain the temperature of the first twisted layer b. On the other hand, the temperature sensing unit 100 is kept away from the periphery to eliminate the influence of external temperature on the monitoring results.

[0047] In addition, since the conductor has a “skin effect”, the vibration sensor unit 200 is embedded in the second twisted layer c, which can prevent the vibration sensor unit 200 from occupying the space of the first twisted layer b.

[0048] Since the strain of the reinforcing core d can better reflect the strain of the cable, the strain sensing unit 300 is embedded in the reinforcing core d, so that the strain sensing unit 300 can monitor the strain of the reinforcing core d more accurately.

[0049] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 4 The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: The temperature inside the cable is detected by the temperature sensing unit 100, the vibration of the cable is detected by the vibration sensing unit 200, and the strain of the cable is detected by the strain sensing unit 300. Since the processor is respectively connected to the temperature sensing unit 100, the vibration sensing unit 200 and the strain sensing unit 300, the processor can obtain the temperature information, vibration information and strain information of the cable in time, so as to more accurately obtain the fault risk of the cable and further more comprehensively evaluate the health status of the cable.

[0050] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A temperature sensing unit, which is used to detect the temperature inside the cable; A vibration sensing unit for detecting vibration of the cable; A strain sensing unit for detecting the strain of the cable; The processor is communicatively connected with the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit and the strain sensing unit respectively, and evaluates the health status of the cable according to the signals fed back by the temperature sensing unit, the vibration sensing unit and the strain sensing unit.

2. The cable monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensing unit comprises: A first hard sleeve having a first receiving cavity therein; a temperature sensing optical fiber, the temperature sensing optical fiber having a first sensing section passing through the first receiving cavity, the first sensing section being capable of generating strain according to temperature changes; and The first grating is sleeved on the first sensing section, and the first grating changes the adjustment signal in the temperature sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the first sensing section.

3. The cable monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature sensing optical fiber has a plurality of the first sensing segments along its length direction, and there are a plurality of the first gratings, and the plurality of the first gratings are sleeved on the plurality of the first sensing segments in a one-to-one correspondence; The cable temperature measuring unit also includes a positioning member, both ends of the first sensing segment are fixedly connected to the positioning member, and the distance between the fixing points at both ends of the first sensing segment is smaller than the length of the first sensing segment, so that the first sensing segment is bent and has an arc.

4. The cable monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration sensing unit comprises: A second hard sleeve having a second receiving cavity therein, and the second receiving cavity is filled with fiber paste; A vibration sensing optical fiber, wherein the vibration sensing optical fiber has a curved second sensing section, and the second sensing section is inserted into the fiber paste; A second grating, which is sleeved on the second sensing segment, and the second grating changes the adjustment signal in the vibration sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the second sensing segment; When vibration occurs, the fiber paste pushes the second sensing section to generate strain.

5. The cable monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration sensing optical fiber has a plurality of second sensing segments along its length direction, and there are a plurality of second gratings, and the plurality of second gratings are sleeved on the plurality of second sensing segments in a one-to-one correspondence.

6. The cable monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain sensing unit includes an outer sleeve, an elastic sleeve, a strain sensing optical fiber and a plurality of third gratings. The outer sleeve is sleeved on the outer circumference of the elastic sleeve, the strain sensing optical fiber is passed through the elastic sleeve, and the strain sensing optical fiber has a plurality of fixed points fixed to the elastic sleeve in the length direction. The strain sensing optical fiber and the third sensing segments are spaced apart from each other at the plurality of fixed points. The third gratings are sleeved on the third sensing segments in a one-to-one correspondence. The third gratings change the adjustment signal in the strain sensing optical fiber according to the strain of the third sensing segment.

7. The cable monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The strain sensing unit comprises a tight cladding layer, and the tight cladding layer is sleeved on the outer circumference of the strain sensing optical fiber.

8. The cable monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The strain sensing unit includes a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is penetrated into the outer sleeve.

9. A cable, characterized in that: A cable monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged therein.

10. The cable according to claim 9, characterized in that The cable comprises a first twisted layer, a second twisted layer and a reinforcing core in sequence from outside to inside; the temperature sensing unit and the vibration sensing unit are both embedded in the second twisted layer; and the strain sensing unit is embedded in the reinforcing core.

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