A strike-slip fault identification method, system, device and medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to a strike-slip fault identification method, system, device, and medium. The strike-slip fault identification method comprises the following steps: calculating a three-dimensional seismic data volume based on a multi-scale calculation window to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume; establishing a flattened ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive fault data volume; and performing spatial rotational scanning on the flattened ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data, thereby obtaining possible fault connection paths and identifying strike-slip faults. The present invention performs full calculations in different time windows at different scales and comprehensively utilizes the calculation results to infer the presence or absence of faults, clearly predicting the fault location and achieving excellent results in strike-slip fault detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration, and in particular relates to a strike-slip fault identification method, system, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] Strike-slip faults are a common fault pattern found throughout China and around the world. They are a special form of strike-slip faults, in which the primary movement of the fault blocks on either side of the fault is relative strike-slip displacement. Research has shown that strike-slip faults are intrinsically linked to oil and gas accumulation and play a crucial role in oil and gas enrichment. They control the tectonic structure of basins, provide effective oil and gas traps, serve as important pathways for oil and gas transport, facilitate hydrocarbon generation, and significantly improve reservoir properties. The identification of strike-slip faults is fundamental to their study. Using seismic data to identify strike-slip faults facilitates a macroscopic understanding of their spatial distribution. However, significant breakthroughs in the study of strike-slip faults have remained elusive. Key factors are that strike-slip faults appear to be alternating in profile, with spatially varying longitudinal throws, undulating vertically, and tilting left and right along the fault strike. The longitudinal throw is highly variable, with some areas approaching zero. Detection results are intermittent, with poor continuity and unclear geometric features. At present, research is generally in its infancy and mature strike-slip fault identification technology has not yet been produced, but a large number of scholars are continuing research in this area. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a strike-slip fault identification method, system, device and medium in order to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A strike-slip fault identification method comprises the following steps:

[0006] Calculate the 3D seismic data volume based on the multi-scale calculation window to obtain the comprehensive fault data volume;

[0007] establishing a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive fault data volume;

[0008] By performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data, possible connection paths of the faults can be obtained, thereby realizing the identification of strike-slip faults.

[0009] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the specific process of calculating the 3D seismic data volume based on the multi-scale calculation window to obtain the comprehensive fault data volume is as follows:

[0010] Perform multi-scale spatial division on the 3D seismic data volume to form seismic data volumes of various scales;

[0011] For the seismic data volume of each scale, a three-dimensional calculation window of a corresponding scale is established;

[0012] Based on the seismic data volume of each scale, fault identification is performed in the three-dimensional calculation window of the corresponding scale to form fault data volumes of multiple scales;

[0013] The fault data volumes at various scales are fused to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume.

[0014] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the fault identification method based on the seismic data volume of each scale in the three-dimensional calculation window of the corresponding scale adopts a coherent or artificial intelligence fault identification algorithm.

[0015] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the fault data volumes of various scales are fused by linear superposition to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume.

[0016] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the formula for establishing a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive tomographic data volume is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Where a and b represent the equatorial radius of the ellipsoid, and c represents the polar radius.

[0019] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the specific process of performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced tomographic data is as follows:

[0020] The flat ellipsoidal beam is subjected to spatial rotation scanning, and the formula is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, θ is the inclination angle and α is the azimuth angle;

[0023] By calculating the mean value of the fault attributes within the flat ellipsoidal bundle and obtaining enhanced fault data, the connection path of the fault can be obtained, and then the presence of a strike-slip fault at the local zero fault throw can be inferred, thereby achieving effective identification of the strike-slip fault.

[0024] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, statistics are collected on the connection paths of faults calculated at different scales, and the places with more occurrences are inferred to be more likely to be faults.

[0025] A strike-slip fault identification system, comprising:

[0026] A calculation module is used to calculate the three-dimensional seismic data volume based on a multi-scale calculation window to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume;

[0027] A model building module, configured to build a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the integrated fault data volume;

[0028] The scanning module is used to perform spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data, thereby obtaining possible connection paths of the faults and identifying strike-slip faults.

[0029] An electronic device comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0030] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0031] The processor is configured to implement the strike-slip fault identification method when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0032] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which implements a strike-slip fault identification method when executed by a processor.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] The present invention performs full calculations in different time windows on ranges of different scales, and comprehensively utilizes the calculation results to infer whether a fault exists, thereby clearly predicting the fault location and achieving good results in strike-slip fault detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a diagram of a multi-scale fault detection pattern in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a display and three-view drawing of a flat ellipsoidal bundle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of conventional fault attributes and their connection paths in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional effect comparison diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the original seismic section; Figure 5 (b) is the coherence algorithm detection diagram; Figure 5 (c) Schematic diagram of the prediction effect of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a plan view of a strike-slip fault in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein Figure 6 (a) is the plane diagram of strike-slip fault using coherence algorithm; Figure 6 (b) is a plan view of the strike-slip fault predicted by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the system structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a strike-slip fault identification method includes the following steps:

[0045] Calculate the 3D seismic data volume based on the multi-scale calculation window to obtain the comprehensive fault data volume;

[0046] establishing a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive fault data volume;

[0047] By performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data, possible connection paths of the faults can be obtained, thereby realizing the identification of strike-slip faults.

[0048] The specific process of calculating the 3D seismic data volume based on the multi-scale calculation window to obtain the comprehensive fault data volume is as follows:

[0049] Perform multi-scale spatial division on the 3D seismic data volume to form seismic data volumes of various scales;

[0050] For the seismic data volume of each scale, a three-dimensional calculation window of a corresponding scale is established;

[0051] Based on the seismic data volume of each scale, fault identification is performed under the three-dimensional calculation window of the corresponding scale. The identification method can adopt a series of algorithms such as coherence or artificial intelligence fault identification to form fault data volumes of multiple scales;

[0052] The fault data volumes of each scale are fused by linear superposition to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume.

[0053] The formula for establishing a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive tomographic data volume is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Where a and b represent the equatorial radius of the ellipsoid (along the x-axis and y-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system, respectively), and c represents the polar radius (along the z-axis).

[0056] The specific process of performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced tomographic data is as follows:

[0057] The flat ellipsoidal beam is subjected to spatial rotation scanning, and the formula is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, θ is the inclination angle, α is the azimuth angle;

[0060] By calculating the mean value of the fault attributes within the flat ellipsoidal bundle and obtaining enhanced fault data, the connection path of the fault can be obtained, and then the presence of a strike-slip fault at the local zero fault throw can be inferred, thereby achieving effective identification of the strike-slip fault.

[0061] Statistics are taken of the connection paths of faults calculated at different scales, and the places where they appear more often are inferred to be more likely to be faults.

[0062] In this embodiment,

[0063] First, multi-scale fault calculation is performed to obtain fault properties at different scales. Multi-scale spatial division is performed on the three-dimensional seismic data volume to form seismic data volumes of various scales. For each scale seismic data volume, a three-dimensional calculation window of the corresponding scale is established, such as Figure 2 As shown, there are four different sizes of squares, each representing a different time window, meaning there are four different scales of time windows. The fault morphology within the time windows of different sizes is calculated. Different time windows yield different morphologies, and the fault locations they depict naturally differ. For strike-slip faults, the displacement disappears in certain areas, making them ineffective for small windows to identify. However, from a global perspective, if two faults are detected near that area, with similar strikes and roughly coplanar cross-sections, then in three-dimensional space, it is possible to infer the presence of a strike-slip fault at the local zero displacement location, allowing for effective identification. Linearly superimposing multi-scale data yields comprehensive fault data.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention proposes a multi-scale three-dimensional ellipsoid scanning method for low-throw or zero-throw strike-slip faults. A flat ellipsoid beam modeling method is invented, an ellipsoid beam rotation formula is established, and the ellipsoid beam three-dimensional rotation scanning is realized. The formula for establishing the flat ellipsoid beam model is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Where a and b represent the equatorial radius of the ellipsoid (along the x-axis and y-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system, respectively), and c represents the polar radius (along the z-axis).

[0067] The formula for 3D scanning is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Where θ is the inclination angle and α is the azimuth angle.

[0070] A point in the integrated fault data is selected as the center of the ellipsoidal beam rotation. The mean fault attribute within the flattened ellipsoidal beam is calculated and assigned to the center of the ellipsoidal beam rotation space. By sequentially calculating all three-dimensional data points in the integrated fault data, the possible fault connection paths can be obtained, thus effectively identifying strike-slip faults.

[0071] The present invention is significantly different from the fault calculation method of the coherent algorithm using a variable time window. The present invention performs full calculations of different time windows on different scales and uses the calculation results to infer whether the fault exists. The coherent algorithm using a variable time window only calculates once based on information such as the frequency of the seismic data. Figure 4 As shown, it is difficult to achieve good results in strike-slip fault detection.

[0072] This section shows the use of this invention to identify strike-slip faults in seismic data of a certain work area and the comparison with the traditional coherence algorithm. Figure 5 As shown. It can be seen that Figure 5 The seismic profile in a shows that there is a strike-slip fault, but the fault throw is small and the coherence algorithm detection effect is not obvious ( Figure 5 b) After fault attribute scanning and prediction, it can be seen that the fault prediction results are obtained. Compared with the coherence algorithm, the cross-sectional characteristics of the strike-slip fault are more obvious. Figure 6 By comparing the strike-slip fault plan view with the conventional coherent method, it can be seen that the strike-slip fault part that cannot be identified by conventional coherence is clearly predicted by the present invention, which further illustrates the effectiveness of this technology.

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a strike-slip fault identification system, comprising:

[0074] A calculation module 11 is used to calculate the three-dimensional seismic data volume based on a multi-scale calculation window to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume;

[0075] A model building module 12 is used to build a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive fault data volume;

[0076] The scanning module 13 is used to perform spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data, thereby obtaining possible connection paths of the faults and identifying strike-slip faults.

[0077] The implementation process of the functions and effects of each module in the above system is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] For the system embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The system embodiment described above is only illustrative, wherein the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without paying any creative work.

[0079] In the above embodiment, any number of all modules can be combined into one module for implementation, or any one of the modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least some of the functions of one or more of these modules can be combined with at least some of the functions of other modules and implemented in one module. At least one of all modules can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by hardware or firmware such as any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or implemented in any one of the three implementation modes of software, hardware and firmware or in a suitable combination of any of them. Alternatively, at least one of all modules can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can perform the corresponding function when the computer program module is run.

[0080] See also Figure 8 The electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 1110, a communication interface 1120, a memory 1130 and a communication bus 1140, wherein the processor 1110, the communication interface 1120, and the memory 1130 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1140;

[0081] Memory 1130, for storing computer programs;

[0082] The processor 1110 is configured to implement the strike-slip fault identification method shown below when executing the program stored in the memory 1130 .

[0083] The communication bus 1140 can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The communication bus 1140 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, the figure shows only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0084] The communication interface 1120 is used for communication between the electronic device and other devices.

[0085] The memory 1130 may include a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. Alternatively, the memory 1130 may be at least one storage device located away from the processor 1110.

[0086] The above-mentioned processor 1110 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0087] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described strike-slip fault identification method.

[0088] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the device / apparatus described in the above embodiments, or may exist independently and not be incorporated into the device / apparatus. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed, implement the strike-slip fault identification method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as, but not limited to, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0090] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A strike-slip fault identification method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Calculating a three-dimensional seismic data volume based on a multi-scale calculation window to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume, including: performing multi-scale spatial division on the three-dimensional seismic data volume to form seismic data volumes of multiple scales; establishing a three-dimensional calculation window of a corresponding scale for the seismic data volume of each scale; performing fault identification on the seismic data volume of each scale under the three-dimensional calculation window of the corresponding scale to form fault data volumes of multiple scales; and fusing the fault data volumes of each scale to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume; establishing a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive fault data volume; Performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data can obtain possible connection paths of the faults, thereby identifying strike-slip faults, including: performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam, the formula is as follows: ； Among them, θ is the inclination angle, α is the azimuth angle; By calculating the mean value of the fault attributes within the flat ellipsoidal bundle and obtaining enhanced fault data, the connection path of the fault can be obtained, and then the presence of a strike-slip fault at the local zero fault throw can be inferred, thereby achieving effective identification of the strike-slip fault.

2. The strike-slip fault identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault identification method based on the seismic data volume of each scale in the three-dimensional calculation window of the corresponding scale adopts a coherent or artificial intelligence fault identification algorithm.

3. The strike-slip fault identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault data volumes of each scale are fused by linear superposition to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume.

4. The strike-slip fault identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for establishing a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the comprehensive tomographic data volume is as follows: ； Where a and b represent the equatorial radius of the ellipsoid, and c represents the polar radius.

5. The strike-slip fault identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Statistics are taken of the connection paths of faults calculated at different scales, and the places where they appear more often are inferred to be more likely to be faults.

6. A strike-slip fault identification system, characterized in that: include: A calculation module is used to calculate the three-dimensional seismic data volume based on the multi-scale calculation window to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume, including: performing multi-scale spatial division on the three-dimensional seismic data volume to form seismic data volumes of multiple scales; establishing a three-dimensional calculation window of corresponding scale for the seismic data volume of each scale; performing fault identification based on the seismic data volume of each scale under the three-dimensional calculation window of corresponding scale to form fault data volumes of multiple scales; and fusing the fault data volumes of each scale to obtain a comprehensive fault data volume. A model building module, configured to build a flat ellipsoidal beam model based on the integrated fault data volume; The scanning module is used to perform spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam to obtain enhanced fault data, thereby obtaining possible connection paths of the faults and identifying strike-slip faults. The scanning module includes: performing spatial rotation scanning on the flat ellipsoidal beam, and the formula is as follows: ； Among them, θ is the inclination angle, α is the azimuth angle; By calculating the mean value of the fault attributes within the flat ellipsoidal bundle and obtaining enhanced fault data, the connection path of the fault can be obtained, and then the presence of a strike-slip fault at the local zero fault throw can be inferred, thereby achieving effective identification of the strike-slip fault.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The processor, the communication interface, the memory and the communication bus are connected to each other via the communication bus. Memory for storing computer programs; The processor is configured to implement the strike-slip fault identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the program stored in the memory.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the strike-slip fault identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

Images