High-speed satellite communication system suitable for microminiature unmanned aircraft end

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine unmanned aircraft high-speed satellite communication, and relates to a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a microminiature unmanned aircraft end, which comprises a communication cabin and a satellite communication antenna unit arranged on a bottom plate of the communication cabin, the receiving and transmitting module is used for receiving and transmitting Tiantong first satellite signals and Beidou short message signals and receiving Beidou navigation signals. The communication cabin is used for realizing high-speed data communication between the micro-miniature unmanned aircraft and a shore base by taking a Tiantong satellite I as a relay node; the system is used for realizing short message communication between a miniature unmanned vehicle and a shore base by taking a Beidou short message network as a relay node in an area which cannot be covered by Tiantong satellite beams or when a Tiantong satellite communication link is unstable, and is also used for receiving navigation and positioning information, determining the position of the system, and transmitting the navigation and positioning information to the shore base in real time, so that the navigation and positioning information is transmitted to the shore base. And accurate positioning is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of high-speed satellite communication for unmanned marine vehicles, and in particular relates to a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a micro-sized unmanned marine vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of ocean observation data, the demand for offshore micro-buoys to transmit data to ships / shore bases in real time and at high speed is becoming increasingly urgent. At present, my country's offshore micro-buoys mainly rely on the Iridium network, Argos satellite network, International Maritime Satellite and Beidou satellite to communicate with ships / shore bases, but the communication rate does not exceed 10kbps, which cannot meet the demand for high-speed data transmission. In addition, based on information security issues, priority is given to the use of domestic satellite resources to realize maritime relay communication services and ensure the security of data transmission.

[0003] my country has completed the establishment of the Tiantong-1 satellite mobile communication network in 2021, with a maximum data transmission rate of 384kbps. At present, the Tiantong satellite communication network is gradually being applied to maritime relay data services, but the signal beam coverage of the Tiantong-1 satellite network is limited and cannot cover some deep sea areas.

[0004] Considering the internal space limitations of micro-unmanned aerial vehicles, satellite communication systems must be miniaturized. At the same time, micro-unmanned aerial vehicles are powered by internal batteries with limited power and need to maintain long-term communication operations. The satellite communication system also has strict requirements on power consumption in design. Under the dual limitations of space and energy consumption, the traditional servo mechanism combined with directional antenna is no longer applicable. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for micro-unmanned aerial vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and propose a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention discloses a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a micro-sized unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: a communication cabin and a satellite communication antenna unit installed on the bottom plate of the antenna cabin, wherein:

[0007] The satellite communication antenna unit is used to send and receive Tiantong-1 satellite signals, Beidou short message signals and receive Beidou navigation signals;

[0008] The communication cabin is used to realize high-speed data communication between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases using the Tiantong-1 satellite as a relay node; it is used to realize short message communication between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases using the Beidou short message network as a relay node in areas that cannot be covered by the Tiantong satellite beam or when the Tiantong satellite communication link is unstable; it is also used to receive navigation and positioning information to determine its own position, and transmit the navigation and positioning information to the shore base in real time to achieve precise positioning.

[0009] Preferably, the satellite communication antenna unit includes: a Tiantong transceiver antenna, a Beidou short message transmitting antenna, a Beidou short message receiving antenna and a Beidou / GPS positioning and navigation antenna.

[0010] Preferably, all antennas adopt a four-arm helical antenna design with a beam width of 140° in the S band; all antennas adopt a watertight design, enhance the waterproof performance of the inner cavity through a potting process, and use TC4 titanium alloy material.

[0011] Preferably, the communication cabin includes a Tiantong-1 transceiver RF front end, a Beidou short message transceiver RF front end, a duplexer and a communication signal processing module; wherein,

[0012] The Tiantong transceiver antenna is connected to a duplexer through a radio frequency cable. The duplexer is used to separate the transmission and reception of the Tiantong-1 satellite signal. The transmission signal is amplified to a set power by the communication signal processing module through the Tiantong-1 transceiver radio frequency front end and then output to the duplexer. The reception signal is amplified by the Tiantong-1 transceiver radio frequency front end and then input to the communication signal processing module;

[0013] The Beidou short message receiving antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting antenna are respectively connected to the Beidou short message transceiver radio frequency front end through radio frequency cables, and the Beidou short message transceiver radio frequency front end realizes data communication with the communication signal processing module through the RSS422 serial port.

[0014] Preferably, the processing process of the communication signal processing module includes:

[0015] Modify the TCP port number and Beidou short message card number;

[0016] Send a power-on command;

[0017] In normal mode, the satellite search starts. If the Tiantong-1 satellite is successfully searched, the Tiantong-1 satellite is used as a relay node to realize data communication and navigation and positioning information transmission between the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle and the shore base; otherwise, the Beidou short message network is used as a relay node to realize short message communication and navigation and positioning information transmission between the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle and the shore base;

[0018] In emergency mode, the Beidou short message network is used as a relay node to realize short message communication and navigation and positioning information transmission between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases;

[0019] When the data transmission is completed, send a shutdown command.

[0020] Preferably, the communication signal processing module includes: a signal processing submodule and an application processing submodule, wherein:

[0021] The signal processing submodule is used to process the Tiantong-1 satellite signal, realize data packet transmission in the Tiantong mobile communication network by integrating the 3G mobile communication protocol stack, and is also used to realize the switching of communication modes under the control of the application processing submodule;

[0022] The application processing submodule is used to send AT commands to the signal processing submodule, control the signal processing submodule to complete the communication mode switching, and is also used to frame data and send the framed data to the Beidou short message transceiver RF front end through the RS422 serial port.

[0023] Preferably, the system further includes a heat dissipation structure and a power conversion module; wherein,

[0024] The heat dissipation structure is used to transfer the heat inside the communication cabin to the external sealing structure, and then take away the heat through seawater to achieve internal temperature balance;

[0025] The power conversion module is used to convert the input power supply voltage to 28V, 12V and 5V, and provide it to each module in the communication cabin.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention discloses a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle. The compact design significantly reduces the size of the device, making it easy to integrate into a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle with limited space. The system integrates multi-mode communication functions into one system through the optimization of the internal structure, which not only improves the space utilization, but also improves energy efficiency. In addition, this integrated design simplifies the system maintenance process, reduces the complexity of operation, and enhances the overall performance and reliability of the system, providing an efficient and stable communication platform for unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0028] The system achieves high-speed data transmission capability by accessing the Tiantong-1 mobile communication satellite. This capability is essential for marine vehicles to transmit large amounts of data in real time when performing missions. The wide signal coverage and high data transmission rate provided by the Tiantong-1 satellite system ensure the continuity and stability of communications even in harsh marine environments, providing a reliable communication guarantee for unmanned vehicles.

[0029] The system's multi-mode communication capability significantly improves the reliability of the communication link. The present invention can flexibly switch between Tiantong-1 satellite communication and Beidou-3 short message communication, and select the most appropriate communication mode according to mission requirements and environmental conditions. Whether using Tiantong-1 satellite for long-distance data transmission or Beidou-3 short message communication in an emergency, it can ensure the timely transmission and reception of information, enhancing the flexibility and reliability of satellite communications.

[0030] Combining these advantages, the present invention provides a more efficient and reliable solution for the field of maritime satellite communications, which is particularly suitable for the communication needs of micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and promotes the development of related technologies. Through this innovative communication system, micro-unmanned aerial vehicles can maintain stable high-speed satellite communication connections in extreme sea conditions and perform complex maritime tasks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is the block diagram and signal flow diagram of the high-speed satellite communication system;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the antenna cabin;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the data interface inside the communication signal processing module and between external modules;

[0034] Figure 4 It is the main working flow chart of satellite communication system control software. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Aiming at the demand for high-speed data transmission between a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle and a ship / shore base under level 4 sea conditions, the present invention proposes a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle-side high-speed satellite communication system (hereinafter referred to as "high-speed satellite communication system"). The high-speed satellite communication system needs to meet the function of adaptively establishing a satellite communication link under level 4 sea conditions.

[0036] The high-speed satellite communication system uses my country's Tiantong-1 mobile communication satellite network (referred to as "Tiantong satellite communication network") as a relay point to provide 384kbps data communication capability between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and ships / shore bases. When the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle surfaces beyond the coverage of the Tiantong-1 satellite network signal beam or the communication link is unstable, the data communication requirements between the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle and the ship / shore base still need to be guaranteed at a certain code rate. Therefore, the high-speed satellite communication system uses the Beidou-3 short message network (hereinafter referred to as "Beidou short message") to achieve data communication with the shore base at a code rate of 77B / min, ensuring that key data can be transmitted to the ship / shore base through Beidou short messages. In addition, the high-speed satellite communication system also has the function of receiving Beidou positioning and navigation data, and transmitting these data to the ship / shore base through a satellite communication link.

[0037] In addition, the high-speed satellite communication system also has the ability to receive Beidou / GPS navigation and positioning information, assisting micro-unmanned aerial vehicles to determine their own positions, and transmit this information to the shore in real time through the satellite network to achieve precise positioning.

[0038] Under level 4 sea conditions, a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle may perform random motion within a roll angle range of -50° to +50°, which may cause the satellite antenna beam to deviate. In order to overcome the influence of waves, the present invention uses a four-arm helical antenna with a beam width of about 140° to ensure that the antenna can support the satellite communication system to quickly establish a stable communication link under conditions of random motion at a large roll angle. Compared with traditional mechanical directional antennas, this design does not require a servo mechanism to track the satellite beam, saving energy while reducing the volume, meeting the space limitations and low power consumption requirements of micro-unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Example

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle, which uses two satellite communication networks, the Tiantong-1 mobile communication satellite network and the Beidou short message network, as relay nodes to achieve two-way data communication with a ship / shore base. The Tiantong-1 mobile communication satellite network signal covers my country's land, surrounding waters, the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific region, and can support micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and ships / shore bases to establish a real-time communication link with a maximum code rate of 384kbps. Outside the coverage of the Tiantong-1 signal, the Beidou short message supports a maximum data transmission rate of 77byte / min, which can meet the low-code rate data transmission requirements under level 4 sea conditions, and ensure that key data and positioning information can be transmitted to the shore base. Through the collaborative work of the dual satellite networks, the system can meet the requirements for communication rate and reliability between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases under level 4 sea conditions.

[0042] The system also supports receiving Beidou positioning and navigation information, and transmitting the positioning and navigation information to ships / shore bases through satellite communications for positioning micro-unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0043] The system block diagram and signal flow diagram are as follows Figure 1 The satellite communication antenna unit is installed on the bottom plate of the antenna cabin. The schematic diagram of the structure inside the antenna cabin is shown in Figure 2 As shown. The key components such as the communication signal processing module, Tiantong-1 transceiver RF front end, Beidou short message transceiver RF front end, duplexer, heat dissipation structure and power conversion module are all installed in the communication cabin through a compact structural design. The internal dimensions of the entire communication cabin are controlled within a diameter of Φ140mm×height of 200mm.

[0044] The satellite communication antenna unit (hereinafter referred to as the "antenna unit") includes four antennas: Tiantong transceiver antenna, Beidou short message transmission antenna, Beidou short message receiving antenna and Beidou / GPS positioning and navigation antenna. Under level 4 sea conditions, the antenna unit will move randomly with the micro-unmanned vehicle within the roll angle range of -50° to +50°. This movement may cause the satellite antenna beam to deviate, causing the communication link to be unstable, and then leading to data communication interruption.

[0045] In order to overcome the influence of sea waves and ensure the stability of communication, all antennas adopt a four-arm helical antenna design. This design enables the antenna to have a beam width of 140° in the S band, and can simultaneously support the transmission and reception of my country's Tiantong-1 satellite signals, Beidou short message signals, and the reception of Beidou navigation signals. The design without servo mechanism not only realizes the miniaturization of the system, but also meets the requirements of low power consumption.

[0046] Considering that the antenna unit will be immersed in water, the antenna adopts a watertight design, and the waterproof performance of the inner cavity is enhanced through the potting process. In addition, the antenna structure is processed with TC4 titanium alloy material, which not only ensures the structural strength of the antenna, but also has good corrosion resistance.

[0047] The Tiantong transceiver antenna is connected to the duplexer in the communication cabin through an RF cable. The duplexer separates the transmission and reception of the Tiantong-1 satellite signal. The transmission signal is amplified to 30W by the Tiantong-1 transceiver RF front end by the communication signal processing module and then output to the duplexer. The reception signal is amplified by the Tiantong-1 transceiver RF front end and then input to the communication signal processing module.

[0048] The Beidou short message receiving and transmitting antennas are directly connected to the Beidou short message transceiver RF front end through RF cables. The Beidou short message RF front end realizes data communication with the communication signal processing module through the RSS422 serial port.

[0049] Whether it is the high-speed communication mode of Tiantong-1 or the low-speed communication mode of Beidou short message, the final communication signal processing module realizes data communication with the internal part of the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle through the RS422 serial interface.

[0050] The communication signal processing module consists of a signal processing submodule and an application processing submodule. The signal processing submodule is responsible for processing the Tiantong-1 satellite signal, integrating the 3G mobile communication protocol stack to realize data packet transmission in the Tiantong mobile communication network, and realizing the switching of communication modes. The application processing submodule mainly includes functions such as controlling the signal processing submodule to complete communication mode switching, sending AT (attention) instructions to the signal processing submodule, and sending the framed data to the Beidou short message transceiver RF front end. In addition, the application processing submodule transmits and receives data with the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle through the RS422 serial port, and completes data framing inside the module. For a schematic diagram of the data interface within the communication signal processing module and between external modules, see Figure 3 .

[0051] The satellite communication system control software installed in the communication signal processing module is mainly responsible for managing and executing the key functions of the high-speed satellite communication system. The main workflow of the software is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The software controls the activation and access process of the high-speed satellite communication system, and uses the Tiantong-1 satellite or Beidou short message for uplink and downlink data transmission. At the same time, the software processes the GPS / Beidou positioning data, completes the framing and sends it to the ship / shore through satellite communication. The software also has additional functions such as measuring the real-time code rate of the Tiantong-1 satellite data transmission, modifying the TCP port number and the Beidou short message card number. In addition, the software can switch the communication mode by controlling the power supply of the transceiver RF front end.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions of the present invention does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed satellite communication system suitable for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: include: A communication cabin and a satellite communication antenna unit installed on the bottom plate of the antenna cabin, wherein: The satellite communication antenna unit is used to send and receive Tiantong-1 satellite signals, Beidou short message signals and receive Beidou navigation signals; The communication cabin is used to realize high-speed data communication between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases using the Tiantong-1 satellite as a relay node; it is used to realize short message communication between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases using the Beidou short message network as a relay node in areas that cannot be covered by the Tiantong satellite beam or when the Tiantong satellite communication link is unstable; it is also used to receive navigation and positioning information to determine its own position, and transmit the navigation and positioning information to the shore base in real time to achieve precise positioning.

2. The high-speed satellite communication system for a micro-sized unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The satellite communication antenna unit includes: Tiantong transceiver antenna, Beidou short message transmitting antenna, Beidou short message receiving antenna and Beidou / GPS positioning and navigation antenna.

3. The high-speed satellite communication system for a micro-sized unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: All antennas adopt a four-arm helical antenna design with a beam width of 140° in the S band; all antennas adopt a watertight design, enhance the waterproof performance of the inner cavity through a potting process, and use TC4 titanium alloy material.

4. The high-speed satellite communication system for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication cabin includes the Tiantong-1 transceiver RF front end, the Beidou short message transceiver RF front end, a duplexer and a communication signal processing module; wherein, The Tiantong transceiver antenna is connected to a duplexer through a radio frequency cable. The duplexer is used to separate the transmission and reception of the Tiantong-1 satellite signal. The transmission signal is amplified to a set power by the communication signal processing module through the Tiantong-1 transceiver radio frequency front end and then output to the duplexer. The reception signal is amplified by the Tiantong-1 transceiver radio frequency front end and then input to the communication signal processing module; The Beidou short message receiving antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting antenna are respectively connected to the Beidou short message transceiver radio frequency front end through radio frequency cables, and the Beidou short message transceiver radio frequency front end realizes data communication with the communication signal processing module through the RSS422 serial port.

5. The high-speed satellite communication system for a micro-sized unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The processing process of the communication signal processing module includes: Modify the TCP port number and Beidou short message card number; Send a power-on command; In normal mode, the satellite search starts. If the Tiantong-1 satellite is successfully searched, the Tiantong-1 satellite is used as a relay node to realize data communication and navigation and positioning information transmission between the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle and the shore base; otherwise, the Beidou short message network is used as a relay node to realize short message communication and navigation and positioning information transmission between the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle and the shore base; In emergency mode, the Beidou short message network is used as a relay node to achieve short message communication and navigation and positioning information transmission between micro-unmanned aerial vehicles and shore bases; When the data transmission is completed, send a shutdown command.

6. The high-speed satellite communication system for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The communication signal processing module includes: a signal processing submodule and an application processing submodule, wherein: The signal processing submodule is used to process the Tiantong-1 satellite signal, realize data packet transmission in the Tiantong mobile communication network by integrating the 3G mobile communication protocol stack, and is also used to realize the switching of communication modes under the control of the application processing submodule; The application processing submodule is used to send AT commands to the signal processing submodule, control the signal processing submodule to complete the communication mode switching, and is also used to frame data and send the framed data to the Beidou short message transceiver RF front end through the RS422 serial port.

7. The high-speed satellite communication system for a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The system also includes a heat dissipation structure and a power conversion module; wherein, The heat dissipation structure is used to transfer the heat inside the communication cabin to the external sealing structure, and then take away the heat through seawater to achieve internal temperature balance; The power conversion module is used to convert the input power supply voltage to 28V, 12V and 5V, and provide it to each module in the communication cabin.

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