Method and device for determining position and orientation of antenna, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for determining the position and orientation of an antenna, a storage medium and a program product. The method and device are used for determining the position and orientation of the antenna on a distributed access point in a distributed communication system. Wherein the distributed communication system comprises a plurality of distributed access points, and antennas arranged on the access points are movable antennas. The distributed communication system further comprises a central processing unit, and the access points are respectively connected with the central processing unit. In the embodiment of the invention, the position and the orientation of the movable antenna on each access point can be determined through the central processing unit, so that the antenna can transmit and receive signals at a lower time delay and a high rate, and the communication quality of the access points is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method, device, storage medium and program product for determining the position and orientation of an antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the explosive growth of network traffic and access devices, network congestion occurs frequently, signal attenuation increases, data transmission delay increases, and communication interruptions occur from time to time. In some remote areas or areas with weak signal coverage such as inside buildings, the problem is more prominent, and the overall communication network quality has significantly declined, making it difficult to meet users' growing demand for high-speed, stable, and reliable communications. Summary of the invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, storage medium, and program product for determining the position and orientation of an antenna, which are used to determine the position and orientation of an antenna to improve the communication quality of a user device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining an antenna position and orientation, which is applied to a central processor, the central processor is communicatively connected to a plurality of access points, the access points are communicatively connected to a plurality of user devices, and at least one movable antenna is disposed on the access points;

[0005] The determination method includes:

[0006] Based on the position and orientation of the antenna, construct a first mathematical model of the access point, the first mathematical model being used to indicate the position and orientation of the antenna on the access point;

[0007] Based on the channel between the access point and the user equipment, construct a second mathematical model of the access point, where the second mathematical model is used to indicate the channel between the access point and the user equipment;

[0008] Obtaining a received signal merging matrix of the access point according to the signal received by the access point, where the signal is sent by multiple user equipments to the access point;

[0009] According to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix, target positions and target directions of antennas on multiple access points are determined.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the first mathematical model includes a position vector matrix and an orientation vector matrix of the antenna;

[0011] The position vector matrix includes antenna position vectors of antennas at multiple access points, and the orientation vector matrix includes antenna orientation vectors of antennas at multiple access points.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the second mathematical model is obtained based on the field response vector coefficients of the antenna, the gain matrix of the antenna, and the field response vector of the antenna.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the received signal combining matrix includes a received signal combining vector of each user equipment;

[0014] The received signal combining vector is obtained according to the decoded signal of the user equipment, the channel vector between the user equipment and the access point, and the noise vector.

[0015] In a possible implementation, determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model, and the received signal combining matrix includes:

[0016] Constructing an objective function corresponding to the access point according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix;

[0017] According to the objective function, target positions and target directions of antennas on multiple access points are determined.

[0018] In a possible implementation, determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to an objective function includes:

[0019] According to the objective function, the initial position vector and the initial orientation vector of the antenna, a target receiving signal combining matrix corresponding to the access point is obtained;

[0020] According to the objective function, the target received signal merging matrix, and the antenna position vector, a target orientation matrix of antennas on multiple access points is obtained, where the target orientation matrix includes the target orientation of the antennas on each access point;

[0021] According to the objective function, the target received signal combining matrix and the antenna orientation vector, a target position matrix of antennas on multiple access points is obtained, and the target position matrix includes the target position of the antenna on each access point.

[0022] In a possible implementation, when the antenna of the access point is at the target position and target orientation, the weight coefficient of the communication system composed of multiple access points is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the equivalent reachability is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining an antenna position and orientation, which is applied to a central processor, the central processor is communicatively connected to a plurality of access points, the access points are communicatively connected to a plurality of user equipments, and a plurality of movable antennas are arranged on the access points;

[0024] The determining device comprises:

[0025] A construction module, configured to construct a first mathematical model of the access point based on the position and orientation of the antenna, wherein the first mathematical model is used to indicate the position and orientation of the antenna on the access point;

[0026] The construction module is further used to construct a second mathematical model of the access point based on the channel between the access point and the user equipment, where the second mathematical model is used to indicate the channel between the access point and the user equipment;

[0027] A processing module, used to obtain a received signal merging matrix of the access point according to a signal received by the access point, where the signal is sent by multiple user equipments to the access point;

[0028] The determination module is used to determine the target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the first mathematical model includes a position vector matrix and an orientation vector matrix of the antenna;

[0030] The position vector matrix includes antenna position vectors of antennas at multiple access points, and the orientation vector matrix includes antenna orientation vectors of antennas at multiple access points.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner, the second mathematical model is obtained based on the field response vector coefficients of the antenna, the gain matrix of the antenna, and the field response vector of the antenna.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the received signal combining matrix includes a received signal combining vector of each user equipment;

[0033] The received signal combining vector is obtained according to the decoded signal of the user equipment, the channel vector between the user equipment and the access point, and the noise vector.

[0034] In a possible implementation, determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model, and the received signal combining matrix includes:

[0035] Constructing an objective function corresponding to the access point according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix;

[0036] According to the objective function, target positions and target directions of antennas on multiple access points are determined.

[0037] In a possible implementation, determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to an objective function includes:

[0038] According to the objective function, the initial position vector and the initial orientation vector of the antenna, a target receiving signal combining matrix corresponding to the access point is obtained;

[0039] According to the objective function, the target received signal merging matrix, and the antenna position vector, a target orientation matrix of antennas on multiple access points is obtained, where the target orientation matrix includes the target orientation of the antennas on each access point;

[0040] According to the objective function, the target received signal combining matrix and the antenna orientation vector, a target position matrix of antennas on multiple access points is obtained, and the target position matrix includes the target position of the antenna on each access point.

[0041] In a possible implementation, when the antenna of the access point is at the target position and target orientation, the weight coefficient of the communication system composed of multiple access points is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the equivalent reachability is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0042] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a central processing unit, including: a memory, a processor;

[0043] Memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0044] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0045] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the first aspect above and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0046] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0047] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method, device, storage medium and program product for determining the position and orientation of an antenna on a distributed access point in a distributed communication system. The distributed communication system includes a plurality of distributed access points, and the antennas arranged on these access points are movable antennas. The distributed communication system also includes a central processor, and each access point is connected to the central processor respectively. In an embodiment of the present application, the position and orientation of the movable antenna on each access point can be determined by the central processor, so that the antenna can send and receive signals at a high rate with lower latency, thereby improving the communication quality of the access point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0049] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the architecture of a distributed communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 1b A schematic diagram of a distributed communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for determining an antenna position and orientation provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG1;

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a method for determining the position and orientation of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0053] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for determining the position and orientation of an antenna provided in the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a central processing unit provided in this application.

[0055] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0057] With the explosive growth of wireless communication traffic and user access devices, limited licensed spectrum resources have restricted the development of applications with low-latency and high-speed communication requirements. Currently, the commonly used cellular communication systems often deploy centralized antennas, facing serious inter-cell interference and poor service quality for users at the cell edge. Distributed antenna systems have the advantages of flexible access node deployment and wide communication coverage, and have become a key solution to the difficulties faced by traditional cellular communications.

[0058] Distributed antenna systems are different from traditional large-scale multiple-input multiple-output systems. In distributed antenna systems, many access points use spatial multiplexing operations to improve communication services for all users on the same time-frequency resources. The main feature of distributed antenna systems is that they use a central processor to connect all access points through backhaul / fronthaul links, thereby enabling information exchange between access points and providing collaborative communication services. Therefore, distributed antenna systems can effectively expand network coverage and coordinate interference between multiple users.

[0059] However, the inventors have found that the existing distributed antenna systems generally use traditional fixed-position and fixed-orientation antennas. The limited spatial freedom leads to the loss of spatial multiplexing and beamforming gain, resulting in a waste of spectrum resources. On the one hand, since the location distribution of users is random and uncertain, being located in an area with poor channel conditions will lead to a decrease in signal strength and the overall spectrum efficiency of the network. On the other hand, the high channel correlation between different users will lead to a decrease in spatial multiplexing performance. Due to the limited spatial isolation achieved by fixed antennas, the spatial division multiple access capability will be impaired. The high correlation of the channel limits the ability to distinguish signals from / to different users, thereby increasing interference between multiple users and reducing the overall data rate.

[0060] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a distributed communication system, which includes multiple distributed access points, and the antennas arranged on these access points are movable antennas. The distributed communication system also includes a central processor, and each access point is connected to the central processor respectively. In the embodiment of the present application, the position and orientation of the movable antenna on each access point can be determined by the central processor, so that the antenna can send and receive signals at a high rate with lower latency, thereby improving the communication quality of the access point.

[0061] Combine the following Figure 1a , Figure 1b The distributed antenna communication system provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application is described in detail.

[0062] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the architecture of a distributed communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, a distributed communication system provided by the present application includes one or more central processors, the central processors are connected to multiple access points via a backhaul link and / or a fronthaul link, and at least one movable antenna is set on each access point.

[0063] Among them, users can establish a wireless communication connection with the antenna through the user equipment to obtain communication network services.

[0064] In some embodiments, the central processor integrates functions such as signal processing, data storage, and data calculation. In terms of signal processing, the central processor can perform a series of complex operations such as receiving, analyzing, filtering, encoding, and decoding signals from various access points to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the signals. In terms of data storage function, the central processor has a large-capacity storage unit that can store a large amount of user information, communication protocols, configuration parameters, and past communication data records. The data calculation function allows the central processor to perform real-time calculations and analysis on various data in the communication system, such as calculating the transmission path loss of the signal, determining the communication quality indicators between different access points and users, etc.

[0065] With the support of the fronthaul link, the CPU exchanges the communication load data between the access points in an efficient manner. For example, when an access point receives a large number of data requests from users, the CPU can quickly coordinate with other access points through the fronthaul link to reasonably allocate data processing tasks and resources, avoid overload of a single access point, and ensure the stable operation of the distributed mobile antenna communication system.

[0066] At the same time, the CPU uses the backhaul link to send precise control information to each access point in a reliable transmission method such as optical fiber, so as to accurately adjust the position and orientation of the movable antenna of each access point. For example, when the CPU detects that the signal interference in a certain area is large or the communication quality of a certain user is reduced, the CPU will conduct a comprehensive analysis and calculation based on the collected information, and then send a control instruction to the movable antenna of the corresponding access point through the backhaul link to adjust its position and orientation so that the antenna can avoid the interference source or better align with the target user, thereby improving the communication quality.

[0067] The access point transmits radio waves to the surrounding space through the antenna, and the user equipment receives the signal to obtain communication services. At the same time, the access point can also receive signals from the user equipment through the antenna and transmit them back to the central processor for subsequent processing. For example, the access point can be a base station or a movable drone base station.

[0068] Each movable antenna has directional gain, which enables the movable antenna to point to the target direction more accurately during signal transmission, reduce signal interference and enhance signal strength. In addition, the movable antenna can be flexibly moved or rotated by means of motors or hydraulic presses, etc. Figure 1b The movable antenna is elaborated in detail.

[0069] Figure 1b A schematic diagram of a distributed communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] In some embodiments, the central processor controls the antenna to move and thus change position.

[0071] For example, Figure 1b As shown, with the access point as the origin O, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed to represent the three-dimensional space. The antenna is located in the three-dimensional space centered on the origin O. The three-dimensional space includes three directions: x, y, and z. The central processing unit controls the antenna to move in the three-dimensional space, thereby changing the relative position of the antenna and the origin O, including the following three situations;

[0072] Case 1: The central processing unit controls the antenna to move in any direction of x, y, or z, thereby changing the one-dimensional spatial position of the antenna relative to the origin O in the corresponding direction.

[0073] Case 2: The central processing unit controls the antenna to move along any two directions of x, y, and z, thereby changing the position of the antenna relative to the origin O in the corresponding two-dimensional space.

[0074] Case 3: The CPU controls the antenna to move along x, y, and z, thereby changing the position of the antenna relative to the origin O in three-dimensional space.

[0075] In some embodiments, the central processor controls the antenna to rotate and adjust at least one of the pitch angle, azimuth angle, and roll angle to change the orientation.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the central processor changes the position and / or orientation of the antenna so that the antenna can transmit and receive signals with lower latency and higher speed, thereby improving the communication quality in the coverage area of ​​the distributed antenna communication system.

[0077] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0078] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the position and orientation of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the execution subject of the embodiment of the present application is a central processing unit. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0079] S201: Construct a first mathematical model of an access point based on the position and orientation of an antenna.

[0080] The first mathematical model is used to indicate the position and orientation of the antenna on the access point.

[0081] In one possible implementation, Figure 1bBased on the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system shown in FIG. 1 , the antenna position vector q at the access point m is constructed. m , expressed as formula (1):

[0082]

[0083] Among them, x m is the position of the antenna along the x direction relative to the origin; y m is the position of the antenna along the y direction relative to the origin; z m is the position of the antenna along the z direction relative to the origin; The area within which the antenna on the access point can move.

[0084] Construct the antenna orientation vector A at access point m m , expressed as formula (2):

[0085] A m =[u m ,v m ] (2)

[0086] Among them, u m is the normal vector of the antenna plane; v m is a unit vector on the antenna plane, u m With v m mutually orthogonal, Heng established.

[0087] In a possible implementation manner, the first mathematical model includes a position vector matrix and a direction vector matrix of the antenna.

[0088] The position vector matrix includes antenna position vectors of antennas on multiple access points, and the orientation vector matrix includes antenna orientation vectors of antennas on multiple access points.

[0089] Exemplarily, the first mathematical model can be represented as an antenna position vector matrix of antennas on multiple access points: And the antenna orientation vector matrix A, expressed as formula (3) and formula (4):

[0090]

[0091] A=[A1,A2,...,A M ] (4)

[0092] in, are the antenna position vectors of access points 1 to M; A1, A2, ..., A M is the antenna direction vector of access points 1 to M, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0093] S202: Construct a second mathematical model of the access point based on a channel between the access point and the user equipment.

[0094] The second mathematical model is used to indicate a channel between the access point and the user equipment.

[0095] Since there are often multiple transmission paths between the user device and the access point, the channel response between the user device and the access point can be regarded as the superposition of multiple path responses. Under far-field conditions, the position of the movable antenna affects the phase of the channel coefficient, while the orientation affects the amplitude of the channel coefficient.

[0096] In some possible implementations, the second mathematical model is obtained based on the field response vector coefficients of the antenna, the gain matrix of the antenna, and the field response vector of the antenna. Exemplarily, the second mathematical model can be obtained based on the channel h between the user equipment k and the access point m. m,k (q m ,A m ), construct the second mathematical model, expressed as formula (5):

[0097]

[0098] in, is the antenna field response vector coefficient f m,k (q m ) is the conjugate transpose of G m,k (A m ) is the gain matrix of the antenna; a m,k is the field response vector of the antenna.

[0099] f m,k (q m ) is used to indicate that the antenna is in position q m and at the origin o of the local coordinate system m =[0,0,0] T The phase difference of signal transmission is expressed as formula (6):

[0100]

[0101] Where λ is the wavelength of the carrier signal, L m,k is the number of paths for signal transmission, is the arrival angle of the signal propagating from the lth path, is the pitch angle, is the azimuth.

[0102] Furthermore, the beam vector can be expressed as formula (7):

[0103]

[0104] For an omnidirectional antenna, the antenna gain of signals incident from different directions is the same, that is, G m,k It can be expressed as a unit matrix. However, for more common directional antennas, the effective aperture and planned loss factor of the antenna are uniquely determined by the orientation of the antenna, thus affecting the gain of the receiving antenna.

[0105] Possibly, according to the Friis transmission formula, the antenna gain corresponding to the lth path can be expressed as formula (8):

[0106]

[0107] in, The square of the free space path loss; d m,k is the distance between access point m and user k; is the effective aperture loss, which indicates the power captured by the receiving antenna from the incident wave in the same polarization state; Antenna polarization loss is used to indicate the mismatch between the receiving antenna and the polarization direction of the wave.

[0108] Possibly, the antenna polarization loss can be defined as the square of the inner product of the polarization vector of the receiving antenna and the electric field vector of the incident wave. is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, so If you set v m is the receiving mode polarization vector of the antenna, then the corresponding antenna polarization loss can be expressed as formula (9):

[0109]

[0110] It is possible that when the signal is incident from the back side of the antenna, it is generally considered that the antenna cannot receive the signal, so the effective aperture of the antenna is zero. For example, the effective aperture loss of the antenna can be expressed as formula (10):

[0111]

[0112] in, is the beam vector.

[0113] It should be noted that, although the radiation lobe patterns of antennas of different models may be different, they can all be expressed as functions related to the angle of arrival. Therefore, the second mathematical model proposed in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to antennas of any model.

[0114] S203: Obtain a received signal combining matrix of the access point according to the signal received by the access point.

[0115] The signal is sent by multiple user equipments to the access point.

[0116] In a possible implementation manner, user equipment k transmits a signal to access point m, and access point m receives a signal r m It can be expressed as formula (11):

[0117]

[0118] Among them, h m,k (q m ,A m ) is the channel between access point m and user equipment k; s k is the user equipment k with power p k The transmitted signal satisfies n m The power at access point m is σ 2 Zero-mean Gaussian white noise.

[0119] Possibly, the transmit power of the user equipment may be the maximum transmit power p, that is, p1=p2=...=p K =p.

[0120] In a possible implementation manner, user equipment k transmits a signal to multiple access points, and the multiple access points transmit the received signals to a central processor for centralized signal processing.

[0121] Among them, w k is the received signal combining vector of user equipment k, Set up a collection of user devices All user devices except user device k;

[0122] is the channel vector between user equipment k and multiple access points, is the noise vector.

[0123] Possibly, for convenience of representation, the channel matrix It can be expressed as formula (13):

[0124]

[0125] in, Each column of represents a channel vector between a user equipment and multiple access points.

[0126] According to the decoded signal of the user equipment Channel vectors between user equipment and access point Noise vector n k , obtain the received signal combining matrix W, expressed as formula (14):

[0127] W=[w1,w2,...,w K ] (14)

[0128] Wherein, each column of W represents a received signal combining vector of a user equipment.

[0129] In a possible implementation manner, based on the received signal combining matrix W, the equivalent reachability rate of user equipment k is obtained: It is expressed as formula (15):

[0130]

[0131] in, is the equivalent signal to interference and noise ratio, which can be expressed as formula (16):

[0132]

[0133] in, is the channel vector between user equipment k and multiple access points; w K is a received signal combining vector of user equipment k; is the normalized noise power.

[0134] S204: Determine target positions and target directions of antennas on multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model, and the received signal combining matrix.

[0135] In a possible implementation, after determining the target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points, the central processor sends control instructions to the multiple access points, where the control instructions are used to instruct the access points to control the antennas to move to the target positions and target orientations.

[0136] In an optional implementation, the central processor periodically implements the method steps shown in S201 to S204 according to a preset period to determine the target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points to ensure the stability and timeliness of antenna communication services.

[0137] In the method for determining the position and orientation of antennas provided in the embodiment of the present application, the central processor constructs a first mathematical model of the access point based on the position and orientation of the antenna; constructs a second mathematical model of the access point based on the channel between the access point and the user equipment; obtains a received signal merging matrix of the access point according to the signal received by the access point; and determines the target position and target orientation of the antennas on multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal merging matrix. In the embodiment of the present application, the central processor determines the position and / or orientation of the antenna so that the antenna can transmit and receive signals with lower latency and higher rate.

[0138] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a method for determining the position and orientation of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 It should be understood that the execution subject of the embodiment of the present application is the central processing unit. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0139] S301: Construct a first mathematical model of an access point based on the position and orientation of an antenna.

[0140] S302: Construct a second mathematical model of the access point based on a channel between the access point and the user equipment.

[0141] S303: Obtain a received signal combining matrix of the access point according to the signal received by the access point.

[0142] It should be noted that, for the specific implementation of steps S301, S302, and S303, reference may be made to the specific implementation of steps S201, S202, and S203 mentioned above, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0143] S304: construct an objective function corresponding to the access point according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix.

[0144] Specifically, according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix, an objective function corresponding to the access point is constructed, which is expressed as formula (17):

[0145]

[0146] Among them, ω k is the weighting coefficient of user equipment k; is the equivalent reachability rate of user equipment k, and user equipment k belongs to the user equipment set

[0147] It is possible that in the objective function, for any access point m, the antenna on the access point can only change its position within the preset area, which is expressed as:

[0148]

[0149] Among them, q m is the position vector of the antenna at access point m; It is the preset area where the antenna on access point m can move.

[0150] Possibly, in the objective function, for any access point m, the orientation vector A of the antenna at the access point m Need to meet:

[0151]

[0152] Where I is the identity matrix.

[0153] S305: Determine target positions and target directions of antennas on multiple access points according to the target function.

[0154] In a possible implementation, the objective function is converted into formula (18) by introducing Lagrange dual transformation and quadratic transformation:

[0155]

[0156] Among them, A k B k For; α k and β k It can be expressed as formula (19) and formula (20):

[0157]

[0158] Among them, ω k is the weighting coefficient of user equipment k; h k is the channel vector between user equipment k and multiple access points; w K is a received signal combining vector of user equipment k; is the normalized noise power.

[0159] Specifically, according to the objective function, determining the target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points includes the following steps:

[0160] S1. Obtain a target receiving signal combining matrix corresponding to the access point according to the objective function, the initial position vector of the antenna, and the initial orientation vector.

[0161] In a possible implementation, according to the objective function, the initial position vector and the initial orientation vector of the antenna, a target received signal combining matrix corresponding to the access point is obtained through a minimum mean square error receiver, which is expressed as formula (21):

[0162]

[0163] in, is the channel matrix; is the normalized noise power; I M is an M-dimensional unit matrix.

[0164] S2. Obtain a target orientation matrix of antennas on multiple access points according to the target function, the target received signal merging matrix, and the antenna position vector. The target orientation matrix includes the target orientation of the antenna on each access point.

[0165] Specifically, according to the objective function, the target received signal combining matrix, and the antenna position vector, alternating iterations are performed. The alternating iterations are used to indicate that in each iterative calculation process, only the target orientation of the antenna on one access point is calculated. Through multiple iterations, the target orientation matrices of the antennas on multiple access points are obtained.

[0166] Exemplarily, taking access point m as an example, the target position of the antenna on access point m is obtained, and access point m is any access point. The objective function can be converted into formula (22):

[0167]

[0168] Among them, h m,k (A m ) is the relationship between user equipment k and access point m m Channel; c m,k Is a constant.

[0169] Due to the non-convex constraints This results in a large amount of computation for directly calculating Formula 22. Note that the above constraints satisfy the definition of Stiefel manifold, expressed as Formula (23):

[0170]

[0171] This means that optimizing the objective function on the Stiefel manifold can naturally satisfy the constraints

[0172] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application is based on the Riemann manifold optimization method, which is used to indicate the conversion of a constrained optimization calculation process into an unconstrained optimization calculation process on a manifold.

[0173] The tangent space of the Stiefel manifold at point A is defined as the set of all tangent matrices at point A, expressed as formula (24):

[0174]

[0175] Among all the tangent matrices, the one that can increase the objective function value the most is defined as the Riemann gradient. For the Stiefel manifold, the Jacobian matrix of the objective function Q is The Riemann gradient grad can be obtained by orthogonalizing the unit A Q, expressed as formula (25):

[0176]

[0177] The Jacobian matrix can be calculated by its numerical definition, expressed as formula (26):

[0178]

[0179] Where n is the iteration index, E u,v Represents a matrix with the uth row and vth column as 1 and the other elements as 0. With the help of Riemann gradient, traditional optimization methods in Euclidean space can be applied to solve popular optimization problems.

[0180] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application is based on the conjugate gradient method, and the objective function value is maximized by updating the search direction, which is expressed as formula (27):

[0181]

[0182] Among them, μ n It is at point A n The search direction, κ n is the Ploack-Ribier parameter to ensure the convergence of the objective function value. n In the cutting space Internal In the cutting space Therefore, a migration operation is introduced to realize the mapping of two tangent matrices in different tangent spaces. The migration of Stiefel manifold can be expressed as formula (28):

[0183]

[0184] Therefore, the update rule of the search direction of the Riemann gradient can be expressed as formula (29):

[0185]

[0186] Among them, the points obtained by searching in the tangent space are not located on the Stiefel manifold. Therefore, a pullback operation is introduced to map the matrix in the tangent space to the Stiefel manifold. Point A on n , the cut matrix τ n μ n The retracement operation can be expressed as formula (30):

[0187]

[0188] Among them, τ n is the search step length, Represents the unit orthogonal matrix in QR decomposition. QR decomposition can decompose a matrix into a unit orthogonal matrix and an upper triangular matrix.

[0189] Based on formula (30), the target orientation is obtained as:

[0190] Retr(0)=An

[0191] S3. Obtain a target position matrix of antennas on multiple access points according to the target function, the target received signal combining matrix, and the antenna orientation vector. The target position matrix includes the target position of the antenna on each access point.

[0192] Specifically, according to the objective function, the target received signal combining matrix, and the antenna position vector, alternating iterations are performed. The alternating iterations are used to indicate that in each iterative calculation process, only the target position of the antenna on one access point is calculated. Through multiple iterations, the target position matrices of the antennas on multiple access points are obtained.

[0193] Exemplarily, taking access point m as an example, the target position of the antenna on access point m is obtained, and access point m is any access point. The objective function can be converted into formula (31):

[0194]

[0195] Among them, h m,k (q m ) is the channel between user k and access point m; c m,k and v m It can be expressed as formula (32) and formula (33):

[0196]

[0197] Among them, w m,k is the element in the mth row and kth column of the received signal combining matrix W, h m,k is the channel matrix The element in the mth row and kth column of k and β k As shown in formula (19) and formula (20).

[0198] By introducing the principalization-minimization method, Formula 31 can be used at the local point Further relaxation at , expressed as formula (34):

[0199]

[0200] Among them, C m,k It can be expressed as Λ m,k It can be expressed as C m,k The largest singular value of G m,k (A m ) is the gain matrix of the antenna; a m,k is the field response vector of the antenna.

[0201] Therefore, maximizing F(q m ) is equivalent to maximizing although It is still a non-convex function, but it can be solved at local points The Taylor second-order expansion approximation is expressed as formula (35):

[0202]

[0203] in, express The gradient vector of m is a positive real number satisfying: The result is a positive semidefinite matrix.

[0204] In summary, the objective function can be equivalently converted to formula (36):

[0205]

[0206] Based on formula (37), the target position of the antenna on access point m is obtained for

[0207]

[0208] in, To ensure q m The optimization will not exceed the boundary of the feasible region, that is,

[0209]

[0210] in, and are respectively the lower and upper bounds of the u-th element of q in the movable preset area.

[0211] It should be noted that the implementation order of the above steps S1, S2, and S3 is not fixed, and they can be implemented in the order of S1, S2, and S3, or in the order of S3, S2, and S1.

[0212] In a possible implementation, when the antenna of the access point is at the target position and target orientation, the weight coefficient of the communication system composed of multiple access points is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the equivalent reachability is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0213] Possibly, if the weighting coefficient of the communication system composed of multiple access points is greater than the first preset value or the equivalent reachability is greater than the second preset value, at least one of steps S1, S2, and S3 is repeated until the antenna of the access point is at the target position and target orientation, the weighting coefficient of the communication system composed of multiple access points is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the equivalent reachability is less than or equal to the second preset value.

[0214] In the method for determining the position and orientation of antennas provided in the embodiment of the present application, the central processing unit constructs a first mathematical model of the access point based on the position and orientation of the antenna; constructs a second mathematical model of the access point based on the channel between the access point and the user equipment; obtains the received signal merging matrix of the access point according to the signal received by the access point; constructs the objective function corresponding to the access point according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal merging matrix; and determines the target position and target orientation of the antennas on multiple access points according to the objective function. In the embodiment of the present application, the central processing unit determines the position and / or orientation of the antenna so that the antenna can transmit and receive signals with lower latency and higher rate.

[0215] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for determining the position and orientation of an antenna provided in the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the antenna position and orientation determination device 400 provided in this embodiment includes:

[0216] A construction module 401 is used to construct a first mathematical model of the access point based on the position and orientation of the antenna, where the first mathematical model is used to indicate the position and orientation of the antenna on the access point;

[0217] The construction module 401 is further used to construct a second mathematical model of the access point based on the channel between the access point and the user equipment, where the second mathematical model is used to indicate the channel between the access point and the user equipment;

[0218] The processing module 402 is used to obtain a received signal combining matrix of the access point according to the signal received by the access point, where the signal is sent by multiple user equipments to the access point;

[0219] The determination module 403 is used to determine the target positions and target directions of the antennas on the multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix.

[0220] In a possible implementation, the first mathematical model includes a position vector matrix and an orientation vector matrix of the antenna;

[0221] The position vector matrix includes antenna position vectors of antennas at multiple access points, and the orientation vector matrix includes antenna orientation vectors of antennas at multiple access points.

[0222] In a possible implementation manner, the second mathematical model is obtained based on the field response vector coefficients of the antenna, the gain matrix of the antenna, and the field response vector of the antenna.

[0223] In a possible implementation, the received signal combining matrix includes a received signal combining vector of each user equipment;

[0224] The received signal combining vector is obtained according to the decoded signal of the user equipment, the channel vector between the user equipment and the access point, and the noise vector.

[0225] In a possible implementation, determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model, and the received signal combining matrix includes:

[0226] Constructing an objective function corresponding to the access point according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix;

[0227] According to the objective function, target positions and target directions of antennas on multiple access points are determined.

[0228] In a possible implementation, determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on multiple access points according to an objective function includes:

[0229] According to the objective function, the initial position vector and the initial orientation vector of the antenna, a target receiving signal combining matrix corresponding to the access point is obtained;

[0230] According to the objective function, the target received signal merging matrix, and the antenna position vector, a target orientation matrix of antennas on multiple access points is obtained, where the target orientation matrix includes the target orientation of the antennas on each access point;

[0231] According to the objective function, the target received signal combining matrix and the antenna orientation vector, a target position matrix of antennas on multiple access points is obtained, and the target position matrix includes the target position of the antenna on each access point.

[0232] In a possible implementation, when the antenna of the access point is at the target position and target orientation, the weight coefficient of the communication system composed of multiple access points is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the equivalent reachability is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0233] The device for determining the antenna position and orientation provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0234] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a central processing unit provided in this application. Figure 5 As shown, the central processor 500 provided in this embodiment includes: at least one processor 501 and a memory 502. Optionally, the device 500 further includes a communication component 503. The processor 501, the memory 502 and the communication component 503 are connected via a bus 504.

[0235] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor 501 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 502, so that at least one processor 501 executes the above method.

[0236] The specific implementation process of the processor 501 can be found in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0237] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the invention may be directly implemented as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0238] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (Non-volatile Memory, NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0239] The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0240] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0241] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the above method is implemented.

[0242] The above-mentioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer.

[0243] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, referred to as: ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist in the device as discrete components.

[0244] The division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0245] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0246] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0247] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0248] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments are executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0249] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed by the present invention, are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining antenna position and orientation, characterized in that: Applied to a central processor, the central processor is communicatively connected to a plurality of access points, the access points are communicatively connected to a plurality of user equipments, and the access points are provided with at least one movable antenna; The method comprises: Based on the position and orientation of the antenna, construct a first mathematical model of the access point, wherein the first mathematical model is used to indicate the position and orientation of the antenna on the access point; constructing a second mathematical model of the access point based on a channel between the access point and the user equipment, wherein the second mathematical model is used to indicate the channel between the access point and the user equipment; Obtaining a received signal merging matrix of the access point according to a signal received by the access point, wherein the signal is sent by a plurality of the user equipments to the access point; The target positions and target orientations of the antennas on the multiple access points are determined according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model, and the received signal combining matrix.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mathematical model includes a position vector matrix and an orientation vector matrix of the antenna; The position vector matrix includes antenna position vectors of antennas on the multiple access points, and the orientation vector matrix includes antenna orientation vectors of antennas on the multiple access points.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The second mathematical model is obtained based on the field response vector coefficients of the antenna, the gain matrix of the antenna, and the field response vector of the antenna.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The received signal combining matrix includes a received signal combining vector of each user equipment; The received signal combining vector is obtained according to the decoded signal of the user equipment, the channel vector between the user equipment and the access point, and the noise vector.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The determining the target positions and target orientations of the antennas on the multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model, and the received signal combining matrix includes: Constructing an objective function corresponding to the access point according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix; According to the objective function, target positions and target orientations of antennas on the multiple access points are determined.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining target positions and target orientations of antennas on the multiple access points according to the objective function includes: Obtaining a target received signal combining matrix corresponding to the access point according to the objective function, the initial position vector and the initial orientation vector of the antenna; Obtaining a target orientation matrix of antennas on the multiple access points according to the objective function, the target received signal combining matrix, and the antenna position vector, wherein the target orientation matrix includes the target orientation of the antennas on each access point; A target position matrix of antennas on the multiple access points is obtained according to the target function, the target received signal combining matrix, and the antenna orientation vector, wherein the target position matrix includes the target position of the antenna on each access point.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When the antennas of the access points are at the target position and target orientation, the weighting coefficient of the communication system composed of the plurality of access points is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the equivalent reachability is less than or equal to the second preset value.

8. A device for determining antenna position and orientation, characterized in that: Applied to a central processor, the central processor is communicatively connected to a plurality of access points, the access points are communicatively connected to a plurality of user equipments, and the access points are provided with at least one movable antenna; The device comprises: A construction module, configured to construct a first mathematical model of the access point based on the position and orientation of the antenna, wherein the first mathematical model is used to indicate the position and orientation of the antenna on the access point; The construction module is further used to construct a second mathematical model of the access point based on the channel between the access point and the user equipment, where the second mathematical model is used to indicate the channel between the access point and the user equipment; A processing module, configured to obtain a received signal merging matrix of the access point according to a signal received by the access point, wherein the signal is sent by a plurality of the user equipments to the access point; A determination module is used to determine the target positions and target orientations of the antennas on the multiple access points according to the first mathematical model, the second mathematical model and the received signal combining matrix.

9. A central processing unit, characterized in that: include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by a processor.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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