Full-band liquid crystal antenna and communication system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a full-band liquid crystal antenna and a communication system.The antenna comprises a metal backboard, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure, a plurality of microwave regulation and control units and a plurality of laser regulation and control units; the metal back plate is electrically connected with the microwave regulation and control units and further electrically connected with the laser regulation and control units, the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is arranged on one side of the metal back plate, and the microwave regulation and control units and the laser regulation and control units are arranged on the side, away from the metal back plate, of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure; each microwave regulation and control unit receives and reflects externally input microwave signals; each laser regulation and control unit reflects a laser signal input from the outside; and the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is used for receiving input bias voltage and adjusting the reflection angles of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage. Phase regulation of laser and microwave signals is realized by using dielectric constant change of the liquid crystal when direct current voltage is applied externally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a full-band liquid crystal antenna and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] Existing communication systems usually use microwave or laser communication standards to adapt to different communication scenarios and needs. The two communication standards use independent hardware and software systems to work independently. Therefore, on satellites with very strict space and weight requirements, the current communication mode will inevitably lead to a large occupation of payload resources. On satellite ground stations, there is also a lot of infrastructure work brought about by different communication standards.

[0003] The above contents are only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute an admission that the above contents are prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-band liquid crystal antenna and communication system, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that microwave and laser communication systems cannot be combined to work together, resulting in waste of resources.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a full-band liquid crystal antenna, which includes: a metal backplane, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure, a plurality of microwave control units and a plurality of laser control units;

[0006] The metal backplane is electrically connected to each of the microwave control units, and the metal backplane is also electrically connected to each of the laser control units. The liquid crystal phase modulation structure is arranged on one side of the metal backplane, and each of the microwave control units and each of the laser control units are arranged on a side of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure away from the metal backplane.

[0007] Each of the microwave control units is used to receive and reflect externally input microwave signals;

[0008] Each of the laser control units is used to reflect externally input laser signals;

[0009] The liquid crystal phase modulation structure is used to receive an input bias voltage and adjust the reflection angles of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage.

[0010] Optionally, the liquid crystal phase modulation structure comprises: a first glass substrate, a first orientation layer, an adjustable liquid crystal layer, a second orientation layer and a second glass substrate arranged in sequence from bottom to top;

[0011] A first supporting member is further disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer.

[0012] Optionally, each of the laser control units comprises: an indium phosphide thin film electrode and a reflective layer substrate;

[0013] There is the adjustable liquid crystal layer between the indium phosphide thin film electrode and the reflective layer substrate;

[0014] The indium phosphide thin film electrode is electrically connected to the reflective layer substrate via a first adjustable direct current source.

[0015] Optionally, the reflective layer substrate is disposed inside the adjustable liquid crystal layer, a second support member is disposed between the reflective layer substrate and the first alignment layer, and a length of the second support member is smaller than a length of the first support member.

[0016] Optionally, the reflection angle of the laser signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the first adjustable DC source during the time from when the laser signal enters the adjustable liquid crystal layer to when it exits the adjustable liquid crystal layer and the angular frequency of the laser signal.

[0017] Optionally, each of the microwave control units comprises: a patch resonator and an open-circuit transmission line;

[0018] The patch vibrator and the open transmission line are arranged on the adjustable liquid crystal layer;

[0019] The patch vibrator is electrically connected to the metal back plate via a second adjustable direct current source.

[0020] Optionally, the open transmission line is arranged around the patch oscillator, and the phase difference of the microwave signal reflected from the patch oscillator through the open transmission line back to the patch oscillator is 360°.

[0021] Optionally, the reflection angle of the microwave signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the phase from when the patch oscillator receives the microwave signal to when the second adjustable DC source radiates the microwave and the spacing distance of the patch oscillators.

[0022] Optionally, the adjustable liquid crystal layer uses nematic liquid crystal.

[0023] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention further provides a communication system, which includes the full-band liquid crystal antenna as described above.

[0024] The present invention provides a full-band liquid crystal antenna and communication system, which includes: a metal backplane, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure, a plurality of microwave control units and a plurality of laser control units; the metal backplane is electrically connected to each of the microwave control units, the metal backplane is also electrically connected to each of the laser control units, the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is arranged on one side of the metal backplane, and each of the microwave control units and each of the laser control units are arranged on the side of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure away from the metal backplane; each of the microwave control units is used to receive and reflect an externally input microwave signal; each of the laser control units is used to reflect an externally input laser signal; the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is used to receive an input bias voltage and adjust the reflection angle of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage. The phase control of the laser and microwave signals is achieved by using the change in the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal when a DC voltage is applied. The physical fusion of the microwave antenna and the optical antenna is realized, and the same material and process are shared, and low-cost mass production can be achieved with the help of a mature liquid crystal display panel production line. Compared with the multiple discrete microwave and laser communication systems in traditional satellite communications, it greatly reduces the overall volume and weight, saving valuable satellite payloads and ground station resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the laser control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the laser control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the microwave control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the microwave control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of reflection phase of the reflection surface corresponding to different dielectric constants in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention.

[0033] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0038] The main solution of the embodiment of the present invention is: the full-band liquid crystal antenna includes: a metal backplane, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure, a plurality of microwave control units and a plurality of laser control units; the metal backplane is electrically connected to each of the microwave control units, and the metal backplane is also electrically connected to each of the laser control units, the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is arranged on one side of the metal backplane, and each of the microwave control units and each of the laser control units are arranged on the side of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure away from the metal backplane; each of the microwave control units is used to receive and reflect an externally input microwave signal; each of the laser control units is used to reflect an externally input laser signal; the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is used to receive an input bias voltage and adjust the reflection angles of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage.

[0039] Existing communication systems usually use two communication standards, microwave or laser, to adapt to different communication scenarios and needs. The two communication standards use independent hardware and software systems to work independently. Therefore, on satellites with very strict space and weight requirements, the current communication mode will inevitably lead to a large occupation of payload resources. At satellite ground stations, there is also a lot of infrastructure work brought about by different communication standards. Therefore, if the two communication standards of microwave and laser can be merged into a set of communication systems, both satellite payloads and ground station construction will save a lot of resources, which will bring significant promotion and promotion to satellite communications and even the next generation of 6G communications. The primary requirement for this merger of communication standards is a unified antenna that can work in both microwave and optical frequency bands at the same time, and achieve multiplexing and sharing in physical structure.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the full-band liquid crystal antenna includes: a metal backplane 10, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure 20, a plurality of microwave control units 30 and a plurality of laser control units 40; the metal backplane 10 is electrically connected to each of the microwave control units 30, and the metal backplane 10 is also electrically connected to each of the laser control units 40, the liquid crystal phase modulation structure 20 is arranged on one side of the metal backplane 10, and each of the microwave control units 30 and each of the laser control units 40 are arranged on a side of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure 20 away from the metal backplane 10;

[0041] It should be noted that each of the microwave control units 30 can be used to receive and reflect external microwave signals; each of the laser control units 40 can be used to reflect external laser signals; and the liquid crystal phase modulation structure 20 can be used to receive an input bias voltage and adjust the reflection angles of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage.

[0042] The microwave control unit 30 and the metal back plate 10 can form a power supply circuit (not shown). Figure 1 ) is connected to a DC bias power supply to provide a bias voltage for the full-band liquid crystal antenna. Microwave signals can be emitted by a microwave horn. Since the refractive index of the liquid crystal changes with the voltage applied to the liquid crystal, the phase of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the DC bias voltage, and finally a plane wave front is formed to be reflected from the reflection surface, thereby obtaining a higher gain, and beam scanning and other functions can be achieved through the regulation of the liquid crystal. Similar to microwave signals, laser signals can be emitted by optical fibers or lenses, and beam scanning and other functions can be achieved through the regulation of liquid crystals.

[0043] In this embodiment, the full-band liquid crystal antenna includes: a metal backplane, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure, a plurality of microwave control units and a plurality of laser control units; the metal backplane is electrically connected to each of the microwave control units, the metal backplane is also electrically connected to each of the laser control units, the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is arranged on one side of the metal backplane, and each of the microwave control units and each of the laser control units are arranged on the side of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure away from the metal backplane; each of the microwave control units is used to receive and reflect an externally input microwave signal; each of the laser control units is used to reflect an externally input laser signal; the liquid crystal phase modulation structure is used to receive an input bias voltage and adjust the reflection angle of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage. The phase control of the laser and microwave signals is achieved by using the change in the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal when a DC voltage is applied. The physical fusion of the microwave antenna and the optical antenna is realized, and the same material and process are shared, which can achieve low-cost mass production with the help of mature liquid crystal display panel production lines. Compared with the multiple discrete microwave and laser communication systems in traditional satellite communications, it greatly reduces the overall volume and weight, saving valuable satellite payloads and ground station resources.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the same or similar contents as those of the first embodiment can be referred to the above introduction and will not be described in detail later.

[0045] The liquid crystal phase modulation structure 20 includes: a first glass substrate 201 , a first orientation layer 202 , an adjustable liquid crystal layer 203 , a second orientation layer 204 , and a second glass substrate 205 arranged in sequence from bottom to top; a first support member 206 is also arranged between the first orientation layer 202 and the second orientation layer 204 .

[0046] It should be noted that the glass substrate is a thin glass sheet that constitutes the liquid crystal display device and serves as a support for the liquid crystal phase modulation structure. The orientation layer can be a thin layer of medium where the glass contacts the liquid crystal, so that the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a pre-set direction and angle. The full-band liquid crystal antenna is designed in the form of a reflective surface, and the electromagnetic wave needs to pass through the liquid crystal material twice, which can reduce the size of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure under the same phase modulation range.

[0047] It should be understood that the adjustable liquid crystal layer uses nematic liquid crystals (NLC). Nematic liquid crystals are composed of rod-shaped molecules with a large aspect ratio, and the molecular mass center has no long-range order. It has a fluidity similar to that of ordinary liquids, and the molecules are not arranged in layers. It can slide up and down, left and right, and forward and backward, and only remain parallel or nearly parallel to each other in the direction of the long axis of the molecules. Nematic liquid crystals have high fluidity and voltage control sensitivity. Therefore, a support member needs to be set between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer to maintain the structure.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the top view of the laser control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention. Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a side view of the structure of the laser control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention. Based on the above embodiments, the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention is proposed. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the same or similar contents as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be referred to the above introduction and will not be described in detail later.

[0049] Each of the laser control units 40 includes: an indium phosphide thin film electrode 401 and a reflective layer substrate 402; the controllable liquid crystal layer 203 exists between the indium phosphide thin film electrode 401 and the reflective layer substrate 402; the indium phosphide thin film electrode 401 and the reflective layer substrate 402 are electrically connected via a first adjustable DC source V1.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the reflective layer substrate is disposed inside the adjustable liquid crystal layer, a second support member 403 is disposed between the reflective layer substrate and the first alignment layer, and the length of the second support member is less than the length of the first support member. The reflective layer substrate can also be used as a metal electrode.

[0051] Furthermore, the reflection angle of the laser signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the first adjustable DC source during the time from when the laser signal enters the adjustable liquid crystal layer to when it exits the adjustable liquid crystal layer and the angular frequency of the laser signal.

[0052] It should be understood that when the voltage applied between the indium phosphide thin film electrode and the reflective layer substrate is changed, the orientation of the nematic liquid crystal molecules changes, resulting in a change in the dielectric constant εr or the refractive index n (εr = n 2 ). Assuming that the voltages applied to the adjacent unit electrodes are V1 and V2, and the corresponding refractive indices are n1 and n2, it can be seen that the refractive index change Δn = n2-n1. Correspondingly, the delay change of the laser passing through the liquid crystal unit can be calculated as follows:

[0053] Δt=2h*Δn / (cos(θ2)*c0)

[0054] Where c0 is the speed of light in a vacuum, h is the thickness of the liquid crystal, and θ2 is the angle between the laser and the vertical line of the reflective layer after the laser is reflected by the reflective layer. Δt is the time it takes for the laser signal to pass through the adjustable liquid crystal layer. The beam pointing angle formula (as shown below) can be used to calculate the laser beam pointing θ0 after passing through the adjustable liquid crystal layer:

[0055] -k0d1sin(θ1)+ωΔt+k0d1sin(θ0)=0

[0056] Where k0 is the free space wave number and ω is the angular frequency of the laser signal. At the same time,

[0057] k0 sin(θ1)=k1 sin(θ2)

[0058] Wherein, k1 is the wave number in the liquid crystal. The reflection angle of the laser signal can be changed by changing the amplitude of the first adjustable DC source.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the microwave control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the microwave control unit in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention.

[0060] Each of the microwave control units 30 includes: a patch vibrator 301 and an open transmission line 302; the patch vibrator 301 and the open transmission line 302 are arranged on the adjustable liquid crystal layer 203; the patch vibrator 301 is electrically connected to the metal backplane 10 through a second adjustable DC source V2. The open transmission line is arranged around the patch vibrator, and the phase difference of the microwave signal reflected from the patch vibrator through the open transmission line back to the patch vibrator is 360°. The microwave reflection phase modulation structure of the open transmission line can reduce the length of the transmission line.

[0061] It should be noted that the reflection angle of the microwave signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the phase from the time when the patch oscillator receives the microwave signal to the time when the microwave is radiated by the second adjustable DC source and the spacing distance of the patch oscillators.

[0062] It should be understood that the phase control principle of microwaves is different from that of lasers. The microwave signal is first received by the patch oscillator on the reflective surface, then transmitted to the open end via the open transmission line, and then totally reflected back to the patch oscillator and radiated again. In the process of receiving, reflecting and re-emitting, the phase change caused by the transmission line can be controlled by changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal material under the transmission line.

[0063] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reflection phase of the reflection surface corresponding to different dielectric constants in the third embodiment of the full-band liquid crystal antenna of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the dielectric constant D of the liquid crystal material is taken k The variation range is 2.46~3.28. It can be seen that the reflection phase generated by the reflection surface is arranged from top to bottom. At the center frequency of 14.94GHz, the phase variation range reaches 360° in one cycle. Assuming that the phase variation between adjacent units is Δφ, the beam pointing angle θ0 passing through the microwave reflection surface can be calculated by the beam pointing angle formula (as shown below).

[0064]

[0065] Where k0 is the wave number in vacuum, d is the distance difference of the incident wave when it reaches the reflecting surface, and d2 is the width of the microwave control unit.

[0066] In this embodiment, each of the laser control units includes: an indium phosphide thin film electrode and a reflective layer substrate; the adjustable liquid crystal layer exists between the indium phosphide thin film electrode and the reflective layer substrate; the indium phosphide thin film electrode and the reflective layer substrate are electrically connected through a first adjustable DC source. The reflection angle of the laser signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the first adjustable DC source during the time from when the laser signal enters the adjustable liquid crystal layer to when it exits the adjustable liquid crystal layer and the angular frequency of the laser signal. Each of the microwave control units includes: a patch oscillator and an open transmission line; the patch oscillator and the open transmission line are arranged on the adjustable liquid crystal layer; the patch oscillator is electrically connected to the metal backplane through a second adjustable DC source. The reflection angle of the microwave signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the second adjustable DC source during the time from when the patch oscillator receives the microwave signal to when it radiates the microwave and the spacing distance of the patch oscillator. The physical fusion of microwave antenna and optical antenna is realized, which greatly reduces the overall volume and weight of multiple sets of separate microwave and laser communication systems in traditional satellite communications. It also realizes a purely electrically controlled scanning mode, which can have a faster speed and lower maintenance cost than the traditional mechanical rotation scanning. The microwave and optical antennas can be controlled independently, making the beam pointing more flexible and convenient for aligning microwave and laser loads in different positions.

[0067] In addition, to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the present invention further proposes a communication system. Since the communication system includes the above full-band liquid crystal antenna, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0068] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0071] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-band liquid crystal antenna, characterized in that: The full-band liquid crystal antenna comprises: a metal backplane, a liquid crystal phase modulation structure, a plurality of microwave control units and a plurality of laser control units; The metal backplane is electrically connected to each of the microwave control units, and the metal backplane is also electrically connected to each of the laser control units. The liquid crystal phase modulation structure is arranged on one side of the metal backplane, and each of the microwave control units and each of the laser control units are arranged on a side of the liquid crystal phase modulation structure away from the metal backplane. Each of the microwave control units is used to receive and reflect externally input microwave signals; Each of the laser control units is used to reflect externally input laser signals; The liquid crystal phase modulation structure is used to receive an input bias voltage and adjust the reflection angles of the microwave signal and the laser signal according to the amplitude of the bias voltage.

2. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid crystal phase modulation structure comprises: a first glass substrate, a first orientation layer, an adjustable liquid crystal layer, a second orientation layer and a second glass substrate arranged in sequence from bottom to top; A first supporting member is further disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer.

3. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the laser control units comprises: an indium phosphide thin film electrode and a reflective layer substrate; There is the adjustable liquid crystal layer between the indium phosphide thin film electrode and the reflective layer substrate; The indium phosphide thin film electrode is electrically connected to the reflective layer substrate via a first adjustable direct current source.

4. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflective layer substrate is arranged inside the adjustable liquid crystal layer, a second support member is arranged between the reflective layer substrate and the first alignment layer, and the length of the second support member is smaller than the length of the first support member.

5. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reflection angle of the laser signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the first adjustable DC source during the time from when the laser signal enters the adjustable liquid crystal layer to when it exits the adjustable liquid crystal layer and the angular frequency of the laser signal.

6. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the microwave control units comprises: a patch resonator and an open-circuit transmission line; The patch vibrator and the open transmission line are arranged on the adjustable liquid crystal layer; The patch vibrator is electrically connected to the metal back plate via a second adjustable direct current source.

7. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The open transmission line is arranged around the patch oscillator, and the phase difference of the microwave signal reflected from the patch oscillator through the open transmission line back to the patch oscillator is 360°.

8. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reflection angle of the microwave signal is adjusted based on the amplitude change of the phase from when the second adjustable DC source receives the microwave signal to when the microwave is radiated at the patch oscillator and the spacing distance between the patch oscillators.

9. The full-band liquid crystal antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable liquid crystal layer adopts nematic liquid crystal.

10. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system comprises the full-band liquid crystal antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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