Vegetation concrete ecological base material, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a vegetation concrete ecological base material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The vegetation concrete ecological base material comprises planting soil, cement, an ecological base material, organic fertilizer and the like, the planting soil is used as a main component of the base material and provides a soil physical structure and a microbial environment; the cement provides basic structure strength and erosion resistance of the vegetation concrete, regulates and controls the porosity and slowly releases nutrients; the ecological base material is used for enhancing the water retention capacity of the base material, improving the pore structure and providing necessary nutrient elements; the organic fertilizer provides required organic matters and nutrient elements for vegetation, and enhances the plant growth environment. The vegetation concrete base material is subjected to mixed improvement of organic and inorganic materials, and the water retention capacity, nutrient supply capacity and erosion resistance of the vegetation concrete base material are enhanced, so that the survival rate and growth speed of vegetation are remarkably increased, unification of ecological and engineering functions is achieved, negative effects caused by cement are reduced, and the service life of the vegetation concrete base material is prolonged. The vegetation performance, the mechanical property and the erosion resistance of the base material are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of improved vegetation concrete ecological substrate, and relates to a vegetation concrete ecological substrate, a preparation method and application. Background Art

[0002] Traditional slope protection measures, such as concrete slope protection and gabion mesh, can provide protection in the short term, but cannot achieve long-term ecological restoration and environmental protection.

[0003] In recent years, vegetated concrete technology has been widely used in slope management as a new ecological protection and restoration method. Vegetated concrete is directly attached to the slope by spraying technology through a mixture of materials such as cement, planting soil, organic matter and plant seeds, achieving rapid ecological restoration. The vegetation roots and the substrate form a similar effect to steel bars, which enhances the erosion resistance and stability of the slope, provides beautiful landscape effects, and restores the ecological balance. However, although this technology has shown great potential, there are also some challenges and defects in practical applications. First, the pH value of vegetated concrete using traditional silicate cement as a cementing material is usually greater than 12, which exceeds the alkaline growth environment requirements of plants and is very unfavorable to plant growth. High pH values ​​may inhibit seed germination and seedling growth, especially in the early stages. In addition, over time, the cement substrate may crack, lose strength, and lose nutrients, all of which may limit the long-term stable growth of vegetation. Secondly, the substrate bonding material uses chemical adhesives, which may age over time, resulting in reduced strength and reduced anti-scouring ability of the substrate layer, which in turn causes spalling or landslides. At the same time, the physical and mechanical properties of vegetated concrete, such as porosity and compressive strength, are also key factors affecting plant growth. Ideal vegetated concrete should have appropriate porosity to allow air and water exchange, while maintaining a certain strength to resist environmental pressure. These defects limit the widespread application of vegetated concrete, especially in long-term ecological restoration, where traditional cement substrates are difficult to provide a suitable environment for plant growth.

[0004] Vegetated concrete not only needs to meet the mechanical stability requirements of the slope, but also needs to have good anti-erosion properties and provide suitable growth conditions for plants, which puts higher demands on the versatility of the substrate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vegetation concrete ecological substrate, a preparation method and an application, thereby enhancing its water retention performance, nutrient supply capacity and anti-erosion ability by mixing and improving the vegetation concrete substrate with organic and inorganic materials, thereby significantly improving the survival rate and growth rate of vegetation and realizing the unity of ecological and engineering functions.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A vegetation concrete ecological substrate, comprising planting soil, cement, ecological substrate and organic fertilizer; the ecological substrate comprises desulfurized gypsum, carboxymethyl cellulose and wood fiber; Among them, the mass proportion of each component in the planting soil is 3%-8% cement, 3%-10% desulfurized gypsum, 0.1%-1.0% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2%-1.0% wood fiber, and 5% organic fertilizer.

[0007] Preferably, the particle size of the planting soil is <1 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the organic fertilizer adopts vitality source biological organic fertilizer, which is obtained by adding Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and GG functional agent after peat and humic acid are fermented and matured for a second time.

[0009] The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in slopes includes: The vegetation concrete ecological base material is covered on the slope. When covering the vegetation concrete ecological base material, the slope is covered with a base layer and a surface layer, wherein the amount of vegetation concrete ecological base material used in the surface layer is half of that in the base layer. When covering the surface layer, the vegetation concrete ecological base material is mixed with grass seeds. After the vegetation concrete ecological base material is covered on the slope, maintenance management is carried out, watering is carried out regularly, and the growth of vegetation is observed.

[0010] Preferably, the grass seed is tall fescue.

[0011] Preferably, the slope includes a steep rock slope or a gentle soil slope; For steep rock slopes, when the base layer and the surface layer of the slope are covered with the vegetation concrete ecological base material, compaction treatment is carried out, and a three-dimensional vegetation net is used to connect the base layer and the surface layer in the middle; For gentle soil slopes, the base layer and the surface layer are directly laid on the slope using the vegetation concrete ecological base material, compacted, and then covered with a mesh surface layer.

[0012] Preferably, during compaction treatment, the compaction coefficient of the surface layer is not less than 0.85, and the compaction coefficient of the base layer is not less than 0.90.

[0013] Preferably, for steeper rock slopes, light mechanical equipment is used for compaction; for gentle soil slopes, manual compaction tools are used for manual compaction.

[0014] Preferably, when the base layer and the surface layer are connected in the middle by a three-dimensional vegetation net, rivets are used for reinforcement every 5 m, the thickness of the surface layer is at least 2 cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 6-8 cm.

[0015] A method for preparing an ecological substrate for vegetation concrete comprises mixing planting soil, cement, an ecological substrate and organic fertilizer to obtain an ecological substrate for vegetation concrete; the ecological substrate comprises desulfurized gypsum, carboxymethyl cellulose and wood fiber; and the mixing time is 5 to 10 minutes.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a vegetation concrete substrate, which mainly includes planting soil, cement, ecological substrate and organic fertilizer, etc.; planting soil is the main component of the substrate, providing soil physical structure and microbial environment; cement provides the basic structural strength and anti-erosion ability of the vegetation concrete, regulates porosity and slowly releases nutrients. The ecological substrate is used to enhance the water retention performance of the substrate, improve the pore structure, and provide necessary nutrients; organic fertilizer provides the required organic matter and nutrients for vegetation, and enhances the plant growth environment. The present invention improves the vegetation concrete substrate by mixing organic and inorganic materials to enhance its water retention performance, nutrient supply capacity and anti-erosion ability, thereby significantly improving the survival rate and growth rate of vegetation, realizing the unity of ecological and engineering functions, reducing the negative impact of cement, and enhancing the vegetation performance, mechanical properties and anti-erosion ability of the substrate; wherein, the ecological substrate includes desulfurized gypsum, carboxymethyl cellulose and wood fiber, and desulfurized gypsum is selected to replace part of the cement in conventional vegetation concrete, which plays a gelling role and reduces the pH of vegetation concrete, creating a good habitat for plant growth. By providing sulfate ions to promote the formation of calcium sulfonate, the density and early strength of vegetation concrete are improved, and the water retention and anti-erosion properties are improved. It has stable chemical properties, good calcium sulfate crystal structure, and can participate in the cement hydration process. The calcium sulfonate generated by the reaction has a large volume and can fill the pores in the vegetation concrete, thereby improving the density and impermeability of the vegetation concrete. Ultimately, it can delay the cracking of the substrate, improve the strength of the substrate, and improve the nutrient effect of the vegetation concrete. As a water-retaining agent, carboxymethyl cellulose has good biodegradability and environmental friendliness. By forming a water-retaining film in the soil, it slows down the infiltration of water, increases the water holding capacity of the soil, and improves the aggregate structure of the soil. At the same time, the carboxymethyl cellulose molecule has a high molecular weight and a soft chain structure, which acts as a thickener in the vegetation concrete, reducing the loss and stratification of the vegetation concrete. As a natural polymer environmentally friendly material, wood fiber is added to the vegetation concrete to play a bridging role, so that the vegetation concrete shows better plastic deformation ability during the stress process, thereby improving the impact resistance and toughness of the vegetation concrete. At the same time, it can act as a thickener and stabilizer, and can effectively adjust the rheological properties and viscosity of vegetation concrete. The formed mesh structure has good adsorption, which can adsorb harmful ions in vegetation concrete and reduce the erosion of harmful substances on the vegetation concrete matrix. The fiber network can also effectively disperse stress, reduce stress concentration, significantly improve the crack resistance of vegetation concrete, and reduce the generation and expansion of cracks. Adding organic fertilizer to vegetation concrete is to improve soil structure, enhance plant growth environment, and improve the ecological function of vegetation concrete. The organic matter in organic fertilizer can increase the aggregate structure of soil, improve soil air permeability and water retention, promote the reproduction and activity of microorganisms, and improve the physical and chemical properties of soil. These characteristics contribute to the growth and development of the root system, thereby improving the survival rate and growth rate of vegetation.The addition of organic fertilizer has a certain buffering and regulating ability on the pH value of vegetation concrete, keeping it within a range suitable for plant growth. Organic fertilizer is rich in the main nutrients and trace elements required for plant growth, which can significantly promote the growth and development of plants, increase vegetation coverage and biodiversity. The introduction of organic matter can also absorb a large amount of water, increase the water holding capacity of the soil, and reduce water loss, which is important for the survival and growth of vegetation under drought conditions.

[0017] Furthermore, through the synergistic effect of desulfurized gypsum and carboxymethyl cellulose, the water retention performance of the substrate is significantly improved, and the retention time of water in the soil is prolonged. The addition of wood fiber improves the physical structure of the substrate, increases the porosity of the soil, is conducive to the growth and expansion of plant roots, and effectively enhances the crack resistance of the substrate, preventing cracks from appearing in the substrate under dry or stressed conditions, and maintaining the integrity of its overall structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the nutrient supply was improved, and organic fertilizer and desulfurized gypsum provided the nutrients required for vegetation growth, promoting the growth and development of vegetation roots. After 50 days of maintenance, the germination rate of the improved formula reached more than 85%, the average plant height was 35 cm, and the root length was 30 cm, showing excellent growth performance.

[0019] Furthermore, the ecological and engineering performance is enhanced, the strength and toughness of the improved substrate are improved, the stability of the slope is improved, and the normal growth of vegetation is ensured, realizing the organic combination of ecological restoration and protection engineering. The unconfined compressive strength of the improved vegetation concrete is almost 4 times that of the pure soil sample, which greatly improves the bearing capacity of the substrate. The shear resistance of the substrate is significantly improved, showing a higher internal friction angle (26°~30°) and cohesion (100~120 kPa), which has higher stability in slope applications.

[0020] Furthermore, by utilizing industrial byproducts such as desulfurized gypsum, the amount of cement used can be reduced, carbon emissions can be reduced, and resource recycling can be achieved, which has good environmental benefits. The introduction of desulfurized gypsum also adjusts the pH value of the substrate, avoiding the high alkaline environment caused by cement, thereby providing more suitable growth conditions for plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The figures are comparisons of germination rate and plant height of grass seeds under different treatment groups in the embodiment, wherein (a) is plant height and (b) is germination rate; Figure 2 The germination rate and growth potential of tall fescue under different treatment groups in the embodiment; Figure 3 is the relationship curve between the axial stress and the axial strain of the vegetation concrete substrate in the embodiment; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the growth of the vegetation concrete substrate in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the vegetation effects of the vegetation concrete substrate under different formulations in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the vegetation cycle of improved vegetation concrete under different formulation conditions in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention uses desulfurized gypsum to replace part of the cement in the vegetation concrete, and uses carboxymethyl cellulose and lignocellulose to improve the gelling water retention and mechanical properties of the vegetation concrete. The dosage of each component is expressed as the mass percentage based on the dry mass of the planting soil in the vegetation concrete. The experiment uses Vitality Source biological organic fertilizer, which is a powder product made by adding composite functional bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus and GG functional agent after the organic matter such as peat and humic acid is fully decomposed through secondary fermentation. The fertilizer can significantly activate the soil, improve soil fertility, and improve the survival rate of vegetation. It has a good effect especially when the soil pH is too high, and is used to balance the pH value of the hydration products of the vegetation concrete. The amount of organic fertilizer added between each component is 5% of the mass fraction of the planting soil.

[0025] A total of six gradient levels were set for the improved materials, as shown in Table 1. Orthogonal tests were carried out with cement using the standard orthogonal table L49.7.8. The orthogonal table was modified using the combination method and quasi-horizontal method in combination with preliminary experiments and professional knowledge. A total of 49 test groups with different added materials were set up, as shown in Table 2. Three independent repeated tests were set up for each group.

[0026] Table 1 Improved formula and test ratio of vegetation concrete substrate

[0027] Table 2 Proportions of ecological substrate improved vegetation concrete base

[0028] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, through indoor potted plant experiments, the various components of vegetation concrete substrates were evenly mixed in proportion and placed in a 1.5-gallon planting pot (18 cm in diameter and 19 cm in height). The mixed materials were added in two batches: the base layer and the surface layer. The surface layer substrate ratio was half of the base layer. First, a nearly 15 cm thick base layer was added, and then a 1 cm thick surface layer was sprinkled to cover 250 tall fescue seeds. Finally, the remaining 1 cm thick surface layer material was covered to ensure that the soil compaction coefficient of the base layer was not less than 0.90, and the soil compaction coefficient of the surface layer improved substrate was not less than 0.88. The nutrient change law and vegetation performance of the vegetation concrete under the improvement of each formula ecological substrate were compared and analyzed, and the vegetation concrete formula with excellent growth potential was screened out.

[0029] Based on the vegetation performance, the selected vegetation concrete formula with excellent growth potential was prefabricated into soil blocks. The mechanical properties were systematically studied by unconfined compressive strength test, direct shear test and disintegration test. The research focused on measuring and analyzing the key mechanical properties such as compressive strength, shear strength and disintegration rate under different formulas, and finally selected the optimal formula of vegetation concrete under the improvement of ecological substrate by combining vegetation performance and mechanical properties.

[0030] 1) According to the designed ratio, weigh a certain amount of planting soil with a particle size of less than 1 cm, then accurately weigh cement, desulfurized gypsum, carboxymethyl cellulose, wood fiber and organic fertilizer according to the mass ratio and mix them according to the mass ratio.

[0031] 2) Pour the weighed materials into the mixer and turn on the mixer to mix thoroughly. During the mixing process, ensure that all components are evenly distributed so that the base material forms a uniform and consistent mixture. The mixing time should be adjusted appropriately according to the humidity of the material and the power of the mixer. It is usually recommended to mix for 5 to 10 minutes to ensure that there are no obvious particle agglomerates or unevenness. After mixing, check the moisture content and cohesiveness of the mixture, and add appropriate amount of water to adjust it so that it has good plasticity for subsequent paving and compaction.

[0032] 3) Evenly lay the mixed vegetation concrete substrate in the prepared slope area. Ensure that the thickness of the substrate is uniform during the laying process to provide a stable foundation. Different compaction methods are selected for different types of slopes. For steeper rock slopes, light mechanical equipment is used for compaction to ensure that the substrate can adhere tightly to the steep slope and maintain stability; for gentler slopes, manual compaction tools can be used. During the compaction process, the compaction coefficient of the base soil should not be less than 0.90 to ensure that the substrate has good compactness, so as to improve the substrate's anti-erosion ability and overall structural stability, and ensure the protective performance of the slope.

[0033] 4) According to the type of slope (such as steep rock slope or relatively gentle soil slope) and its characteristics, different vegetation concrete covering methods are selected. Vegetation concrete covering includes two layers of treatment, base layer and surface layer. The ratio of surface layer material is half of the base layer, and the surface layer substrate is evenly mixed with grass seeds (such as tall fescue). For steeper rock slopes, the base layer and surface layer are covered. The base layer and surface layer are connected by a three-dimensional vegetation net in the middle. Rivets are used for reinforcement every 5 m. The thickness of the surface layer is kept at least 2 cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 6~8 cm; for relatively gentle soil slopes, the vegetation concrete surface layer is directly laid and covered with a hanging net to improve the adhesion and stability between the base layer and the slope. During compaction treatment, the compaction coefficient of the surface soil should be no less than 0.85 to enhance the fixation of grass seeds and improve the germination rate.

[0034] One of the preferred implementations is to use a three-dimensional vegetation net for connection, and use rivets for reinforcement every 5 m, with the surface layer thickness maintained at 4 cm and the base layer thickness at 8 cm; One of the preferred implementations is to use a three-dimensional vegetation net for connection, and use rivets for reinforcement every 5 m, with the surface layer thickness maintained at 2 cm and the base layer thickness at 6 cm; One of the preferred implementations is to use a three-dimensional vegetation net for connection, and to use rivets for reinforcement every 5 m, with the surface layer thickness maintained at 3 cm and the base layer thickness at 7 cm; 5) After the vegetation concrete covering slope is completed, follow-up maintenance management should be carried out in time. Water regularly during the initial maintenance to ensure the moisture of the substrate to promote the rapid germination of grass seeds. Water once in the morning and evening every day to avoid excessive evaporation of water or excessive drying of the soil. Increase the frequency of watering in high temperature or dry environment. In addition to watering, it is also necessary to regularly inspect the slopes and observe the growth of vegetation. If areas with uneven vegetation coverage or slow growth are found, grass seeds can be appropriately sown or watering strategies can be adjusted. At the same time, attention should be paid to the nutrient supply on the slope surface. If necessary, fertilization should be used to enhance the growth potential of plants and ensure the long-term stability of vegetation.

[0035] Specific test: The research planting soil uses typical cultivated soil in a certain area, which is collected by five-point sampling method, removed from the surface soil, and mixed evenly. Cement uses Jinyu Jidong Cement, which implements the standard GB / T3183-2017 "Masonry Cement", which has the characteristics of good frost resistance, low alkali content, and good durability. Desulfurized gypsum is mixed with cement in proportion to form an organic-inorganic composite gel to replace part of the cement, so as to reduce the pH of the substrate, delay the cracking of the substrate, improve the strength of the substrate, and improve the nutrient effect of vegetation concrete. Carboxymethyl cellulose uses Tianjin Komio reagent, which is neutral in pH, with a degree of substitution ≥0.6 and a drying vector ≤10%. It implements the standard Q / 12HB 4276-2018. It is white fine particles, insoluble in water, but can swell in water. Wood fiber uses Chuangsheng Building Materials Chemical Materials, which uses natural high molecular polymers extracted from wood. It is yellow in color and presents a slender fiber form with a high length-to-width ratio and a length of about 0.5~3mm. We chose the Vitality Source biological organic fertilizer, which is a powder product made by adding complex functional bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus and GG functional agent after the organic matter such as peat and humic acid is fully decomposed through secondary fermentation using a special process.

[0036] Through grass seed screening and comparison tests, such as Figure 1 As shown, the experimental example uses tall fescue, the comparative example uses ryegrass, and the tall fescue of slope protection grass produced by Tai'an Qixuan New Materials Co., Ltd. Boqi Seed Industry is selected. After inspection, the purity is above 98% and the moisture content is less than 13%.

[0037] like Figure 1 Different capital letters indicate significant differences between different treatments of the same grass species (P<0.05); lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different grass species in the same treatment (P<0.05). Among them, P indicates significance. When the P value is less than 0.05, it is generally considered that the difference between the observed data and the null hypothesis is significant. CK indicates a blank control group without added substrate (pure planting soil), A1 indicates that 6% cement is added to the planting soil, B1 indicates that 0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose is added to the planting soil, B2 indicates that 1% wood fiber is added to the planting soil, and C1 indicates that 5% desulfurized gypsum is added to the planting soil.

[0038] Through indoor potted plant trials, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the growth potential of vegetation concrete under the co-addition of ecological substrate is concentrated at 35%, and the germination rate is higher than 80% on average; when the cement content is high at 8%, the co-addition of desulfurized gypsum can significantly improve the growth potential and germination rate of tall fescue; the high addition of 1% CMC inhibits the growth of tall fescue, which is far below the average level. The addition of appropriate amount of CMC provides reliable guarantee for the final germination of plants; the introduction of desulfurized gypsum can significantly improve the growth potential and germination rate of tall fescue with added cement, which are higher than the average level when the cement content is high at 4%~5%.

[0039] According to the comprehensive analysis of the vegetation test, the following proportions were selected for mechanical testing with reference to Table 2. The dosage of each material was expressed as a mass percentage based on the dry mass of the planting soil in the vegetation concrete, as shown in Table 3.

[0040] Table 3 Mechanical mix ratio of vegetation concrete under ecological substrate improvement

[0041] Based on the formula in Table 2, the following mix ratios were screened for shear tests. In the direct shear test of the vegetation concrete improved by the ecological substrate, as shown in Table 4, the results showed that the internal friction angle of the improved vegetation concrete ranged from 20° to 30°, while the cohesion was mainly concentrated between 40 and 120 kPa. Through the vegetation test, the concrete of each group was screened, and it was found that as the curing days were extended from 7 days to 28 days, the cohesion of the vegetation concrete gradually increased. This phenomenon shows that the extension of curing time is helpful to improve the mechanical properties of vegetation concrete. In addition, the compounding of desulfurized gypsum and cement significantly enhanced the shear resistance of vegetation concrete, further enhancing its application potential in slope ecological restoration.

[0042] Table 4 Internal friction angle and cohesion of vegetation concrete under ecological substrate improvement

[0043] Through systematic indoor tests, the mechanical properties and ecological vegetation performance of vegetation concrete substrates with different proportions were comprehensively evaluated. The effectiveness of the improved substrate in practical applications was verified, and typical formulas with excellent performance were screened out to facilitate subsequent engineering applications and promotion.

[0044] After comparative analysis, three typical formulas were selected, as follows: Formula A: The cement content in the planting soil is 5%, desulfurized gypsum 4%, carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3%, wood fiber 0.4%, and organic fertilizer 5%. After 50 days of maintenance, the germination rate of this formula reached more than 80%, the average plant height was 35 cm, and the root length was 30 cm, showing excellent growth potential.

[0045] Formula B: Cement content is 6%, desulfurized gypsum is 5%, carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.5%, wood fiber is 0.6%, and organic fertilizer is 5%. The cohesion of this formula reached 120 kPa after 28 days of curing, and the plants grew well, the biomass increased significantly, the substrate did not crack, and the mechanical properties were excellent.

[0046] Formula C: Cement content is 8%, desulfurized gypsum is 5%, carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.3%, wood fiber is 0.2%, and organic fertilizer is 5%. This formula has outstanding shear resistance, and the internal friction angle reaches 27.92°, providing good stability for the slope.

[0047] Through the above examples, the effectiveness of the improved formula of the vegetation concrete substrate in indoor experiments and slope ecological restoration was verified. The three typical formulas selected not only improved the mechanical properties of the vegetation concrete, but also provided good environmental conditions for the growth of plants.

[0048] Enhanced ecological and engineering performance, improved strength and toughness of the base material improves the stability of the slope, while ensuring the normal growth of vegetation, and realizing the organic combination of ecological restoration and protection engineering. The unconfined compressive strength of the improved vegetation concrete is almost 4 times that of pure soil samples, which greatly improves the bearing capacity of the base material. The shear resistance of the base material is significantly improved, showing a higher internal friction angle (26°~30°) and cohesion (100~120 kPa), which has higher stability in slope applications.

[0049] By utilizing industrial byproducts such as desulfurized gypsum, the amount of cement used can be reduced, carbon emissions can be reduced, and resource recycling can be achieved, which has good environmental benefits. The introduction of desulfurized gypsum also adjusts the pH value of the substrate, avoiding the high alkaline environment caused by cement, thereby providing more suitable growth conditions for plants.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vegetation concrete ecological substrate, characterized in that: Including planting soil, cement, ecological substrate and organic fertilizer; the ecological substrate includes desulfurized gypsum, carboxymethyl cellulose and wood fiber; Among them, the mass proportion of each component in the planting soil is 3%-8% cement, 3%-10% desulfurized gypsum, 0.1%-1.0% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2%-1.0% wood fiber, and 5% organic fertilizer.

2. The vegetation concrete ecological substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the planting soil is less than 1 cm.

3. The vegetation concrete ecological substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer adopts the vitality source biological organic fertilizer, which is obtained by adding Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and GG functional agent after peat and humic acid are fermented and matured for a second time.

4. The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in a slope according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized in that: include, The vegetation concrete ecological base material is covered on the slope. When covering the vegetation concrete ecological base material, the slope is covered with a base layer and a surface layer, wherein the amount of vegetation concrete ecological base material used in the surface layer is half of that in the base layer. When covering the surface layer, the vegetation concrete ecological base material is mixed with grass seeds. After the vegetation concrete ecological base material is covered on the slope, maintenance management is carried out, watering is carried out regularly, and the growth of vegetation is observed.

5. The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in a slope according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The grass species used is tall fescue.

6. The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in a slope according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The slope includes a steep rock slope or a gentle soil slope; For steep rock slopes, when the base layer and the surface layer of the slope are covered with the vegetation concrete ecological base material, compaction treatment is carried out, and a three-dimensional vegetation net is used to connect the base layer and the surface layer in the middle; For gentle soil slopes, the base layer and the surface layer are directly laid on the slope using the vegetation concrete ecological base material, compacted, and then covered with a mesh surface layer.

7. The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in a slope according to claim 6 is characterized in that: During compaction treatment, the compaction coefficient of the surface layer shall not be less than 0.85, and the compaction coefficient of the base layer shall not be less than 0.

90.

8. The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in a slope according to claim 6 is characterized in that: For steeper rock slopes, light mechanical equipment is used for compaction; for gentle soil slopes, manual compaction tools are used for manual compaction.

9. The application of a vegetation concrete ecological substrate in a slope according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the base layer and the surface layer are connected in the middle by a three-dimensional vegetation net, rivets are used for reinforcement every 5 m. The thickness of the surface layer is at least 2 cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 6-8 cm.

10. The method for preparing a vegetation concrete ecological substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The planting soil, cement, ecological base material and organic fertilizer are stirred and mixed to obtain the vegetation concrete ecological base material; the ecological base material includes desulfurized gypsum, carboxymethyl cellulose and wood fiber; the stirring time is 5 to 10 minutes.

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