Water-retaining and soil-loosening rice bulk blending fertilizer and preparation method thereof
By adding specific ratios of potassium fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, nitrogen fertilizer complexes and other components to the rice fertilizer, as well as nanocarbon tubes, amino acid silica fertilizer, potassium polyaspartate, tourmaline and sodium silicate/soil yeast complexes, rice blended fertilizer with high water absorption and soil loosening effects is formed, which solves the problem of poor water retention performance of existing fertilizers during the whole growth period of rice, and significantly improves soil water retention capacity and rice yield.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510091854.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing rice fertilizers are insufficient in sustainability, making it difficult to maintain stable water retention performance during the whole growth period of rice, and the soil structure is poorly improved, resulting in poor soil water retention capacity.
A water-retaining soil loosening rice blended fertilizer is used, which consists of potassium fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, nitrogen fertilizer complex, nanocarbon tubes, silica amino acid fertilizer, potassium polyaspartate, tourmaline and sodium silicate/soil yeast complex. Through specific ratios and preparation methods, fertilizers with high water absorption and soil loosening effects are formed.
It significantly improves the soil's water-holding ability and soil porosity, reduces the soil bulk weight, promotes the growth of rice roots, enhances the stress resistance of plants, and improves yield and quality.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] The current status of fertilizers commonly used in rice cultivation, such as insufficient fertilizer sustainability, poor improvement of soil structure (easy to compact, etc.), poor water retention performance, etc. Some water-retaining ingredients, such as ordinary polyacrylamide water-retaining agents, have significant water absorption and water retention effects in the early stage, but with the influence of factors such as soil dry-wet alternation and microbial decomposition, the water retention capacity will be greatly reduced after a few months, making it difficult to ensure stable water retention throughout the rice growth period. Summary of the invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer and a preparation method thereof in view of the defects in the above-mentioned prior art.
[0004] A water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Potassium fertilizer 20-30 parts Diammonium phosphate 25-35 parts 40-50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound.
[0005] Preferably, the preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer compound is: ammonium chloride, lauryl ethoxy ammonium sulfate, ionic polyacrylamide, polycarboxylic acid water reducer, and super absorbent resin are mixed in a mass ratio of (90-93): (1.0-1.3): (2.0-2.4): (1.0-1.3): 3.3 to form a mixture, and the mixture is evenly stirred and extruded into particles.
[0006] Preferably, the highly water-absorbent resin is a mixture of any one or more of polyacrylamide resin, sodium polyacrylate resin, starch graft copolymer resin, and cellulose graft copolymer resin.
[0007] Preferably, the potash fertilizer is a mixture of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
[0008] A water-retaining soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer also includes the following component raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of carbon nanotubes Amino acid silicon fertilizer 2-4 parts Potassium polyaspartate 0.2-0.4 parts 3-5 parts tourmaline powder 5-8 parts of sodium silicate / soil yeast mixture.
[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound is: T1. Add sodium silicate powder into sterile water while stirring to prepare a sodium silicate solution with a mass fraction of 10%-30%, heat and maintain the temperature at 40-60°C, and continue stirring for 30-60 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved to obtain a clear and transparent sodium silicate solution; T2. According to the instructions for use of the soil yeast agent, dilute and activate the agent with sterile water, control the dilution multiple to 5-10 times, and activate it at 25-35°C for 1-2 hours to revive the dormant bacteria and enter an active growth state to obtain a soil yeast solution; T3. Add the activated soil yeast solution to the sodium silicate solution at a volume ratio of 2 to 1, control the stirring speed at 200-400 r / min, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and mix thoroughly and evenly. During the stirring period, add glucose solution and yeast extract solution to supplement nutrients for the soil yeast and maintain activity; T4. Add diatomaceous earth as a filler to the mixed solution of T3, stir evenly, and make particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm through an extrusion granulator. Spread the obtained particles in a ventilated and dry environment, and dry them at a constant temperature of 40-50° C. for 4-6 hours until the moisture content is less than 10%, thereby obtaining the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound.
[0010] Preferably, the glucose solution in T3 is a glucose solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%-1%, and the yeast extract solution is a yeast extract solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%-0.5%.
[0011] Preferably, the following weight proportions of the raw materials are included: Potassium fertilizer 25 parts 30 parts of diammonium phosphate 45 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound 2 parts of carbon nanotubes Amino acid silicon fertilizer 3 parts 0.3 parts of potassium polyaspartate 4 parts tourmaline powder 6 parts of sodium silicate / soil yeast mixture.
[0012] A preparation method of a water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing carbon nanotubes, amino acid silicon fertilizer, potassium polyaspartate and tourmaline powder, adding water, stirring evenly, forming particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm by an extrusion granulator, and drying under a constant temperature environment of 40-50°C until the moisture content is less than 10%; then mixing with potassium fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, a nitrogen fertilizer compound and a sodium silicate / soil yeast compound according to the above weight proportions, stirring evenly, and obtaining the water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer.
[0013] A method for applying a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer, which is buried in the soil of a rice field as a base fertilizer three days before planting seedlings, with an application amount of 40-50kg / mu.
[0014] The invention has the advantages of loosening the connection between rice planting soil particles and increasing soil porosity. After using this fertilizer, the soil bulk density will be reduced due to the improved soil structure. The lower soil bulk density is conducive to the easier growth and extension of rice roots in the soil, reducing the resistance to root growth. It can enhance the soil water retention capacity, improve the fertilizer utilization rate, promote the root system to absorb nutrients, promote the growth and development of rice, enhance the plant's stress resistance, increase yield and improve quality.
[0015] The added sodium silicate / soil yeast compound has excellent water retention and soil loosening properties. Sodium silicate forms silica gel when it meets water. Silica gel has strong water absorption and water retention, locking water to prevent seepage and loss; extracellular polysaccharides and other substances produced by soil yeast metabolism can absorb water and create a moist microenvironment for rice roots. Sodium silicate can react with some acidic substances in the soil to generate gas, increasing soil pores; soil yeast is active in the soil, constantly turning and loosening the surrounding soil, promoting soil ventilation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] <Example 1> A water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Potassium fertilizer 20 parts 25 parts of diammonium phosphate 40 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound.
[0017] The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer compound comprises the following steps: mixing ammonium chloride, lauryl ethoxy ammonium sulfate, ionic polyacrylamide, polycarboxylic acid water reducer and super absorbent resin in a mass ratio of 90:1.0:2.0:1.0:3.3 to form a mixture, and evenly stirring and extruding the mixture into particles.
[0018] The highly water-absorbent resin is a mixture of any one or more of polyacrylamide resin, sodium polyacrylate resin, starch graft copolymer resin, and cellulose graft copolymer resin.
[0019] The potash fertilizer is a mixture of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
[0020] A method for applying a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer is to bury it in the soil of a rice field as a base fertilizer three days before planting rice seedlings, with an application amount of 40kg / mu.
[0021] <Example 2> A water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Potassium fertilizer 30 parts 35 parts of diammonium phosphate 50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound 3 parts of carbon nanotubes Amino acid silicon fertilizer 4 parts 0.4 parts of potassium polyaspartate 5 parts tourmaline powder 8 parts of sodium silicate / soil yeast mixture.
[0022] The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer compound comprises the following steps: mixing ammonium chloride, lauryl ethoxy ammonium sulfate, ionic polyacrylamide, polycarboxylic acid water reducer and super absorbent resin in a mass ratio of 93:1.3:2.4:1.3:3.3 to form a mixture, and evenly stirring and extruding the mixture into particles.
[0023] The highly water-absorbent resin is a mixture of any one or more of polyacrylamide resin, sodium polyacrylate resin, starch graft copolymer resin, and cellulose graft copolymer resin.
[0024] The potash fertilizer is a mixture of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
[0025] The preparation method of the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound is as follows: T1. Add sodium silicate powder into sterile water while stirring to prepare a sodium silicate solution with a mass fraction of 10%, heat and maintain the temperature at 40°C, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved to obtain a clear and transparent sodium silicate solution; T2. According to the instructions for use of the soil yeast agent, dilute and activate the agent with sterile water, control the dilution multiple to 5 times, and activate it at 25°C for 1 hour to revive the dormant bacteria and enter an active growth state to obtain a soil yeast solution; T3. Add the activated soil yeast solution to the sodium silicate solution at a volume ratio of 2 to 1, control the stirring speed at 200 r / min, continue stirring for 1 hour, and mix thoroughly and evenly. During the stirring period, add glucose solution and yeast extract solution to supplement nutrients for the soil yeast and maintain activity; T4. Add diatomaceous earth as a filler to the mixed solution of T3, stir evenly, and make particles with a diameter of 2 mm through an extrusion granulator. Spread the obtained particles in a ventilated and dry environment, and dry them at a constant temperature of 40° C. for 4 hours until the moisture content is less than 10%, thereby obtaining the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound.
[0026] The glucose solution in T3 is a 0.5% by mass glucose solution, and the yeast extract solution is a 0.2% by mass yeast extract solution.
[0027] A preparation method of a water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing carbon nanotubes, amino acid silicon fertilizer, potassium polyaspartate and tourmaline powder, adding water, stirring evenly, forming particles with a diameter of 2 mm by an extrusion granulator, and drying under a constant temperature environment of 40°C until the moisture content is less than 10%; then mixing with potassium fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, a nitrogen fertilizer compound and a sodium silicate / soil yeast compound according to the above weight proportions, stirring evenly, and obtaining the water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer.
[0028] A method for applying a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer is to bury the fertilizer in the soil of a rice field as a base fertilizer three days before planting rice seedlings, with an application amount of 50kg / mu.
[0029] <Specific Example 3> A water-retaining soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer comprises the following component raw materials in parts by weight: Potassium fertilizer 25 parts 30 parts of diammonium phosphate 45 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound 2 parts of carbon nanotubes Amino acid silicon fertilizer 3 parts 0.3 parts of potassium polyaspartate 4 parts tourmaline powder 6 parts of sodium silicate / soil yeast mixture.
[0030] The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer compound is as follows: ammonium chloride, lauryl ethoxy ammonium sulfate, ionic polyacrylamide, polycarboxylic acid water reducer and super absorbent resin are mixed in a mass ratio of 92.3:1.1:2.2:1.1:3.3 to form a mixture, and the mixture is evenly stirred and extruded into particles.
[0031] The highly water-absorbent resin is a mixture of any one or more of polyacrylamide resin, sodium polyacrylate resin, starch graft copolymer resin, and cellulose graft copolymer resin.
[0032] The preparation method of the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound is as follows: T1. Add sodium silicate powder into sterile water while stirring to prepare a sodium silicate solution with a mass fraction of 30%, heat and maintain the temperature at 60°C, and continue stirring for 60 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved to obtain a clear and transparent sodium silicate solution; T2. According to the instructions for use of the soil yeast agent, dilute and activate the agent with sterile water, control the dilution multiple to 10 times, and activate it at 35°C for 2 hours to revive the dormant bacteria and enter an active growth state to obtain a soil yeast solution; T3. Add the activated soil yeast solution to the sodium silicate solution at a volume ratio of 2 to 1, control the stirring speed at 400 r / min, continue stirring for 2 hours, and mix thoroughly and evenly. During the stirring period, add glucose solution and yeast extract solution to supplement nutrients for the soil yeast and maintain activity; T4. Add diatomaceous earth as a filler to the mixed solution of T3, stir evenly, and make particles with a diameter of 3 mm through an extrusion granulator. Spread the obtained particles in a ventilated and dry environment, and dry them at a constant temperature of 50° C. for 6 hours until the moisture content is less than 10%, thereby obtaining the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound.
[0033] The glucose solution in T3 is a 1% by mass glucose solution, and the yeast extract solution is a 0.5% by mass yeast extract solution.
[0034] A preparation method of a water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing carbon nanotubes, amino acid silicon fertilizer, potassium polyaspartate and tourmaline powder, adding water, stirring evenly, forming particles with a diameter of 3 mm by an extrusion granulator, and drying under a constant temperature environment of 50°C until the moisture content is less than 10%; then mixing with potassium fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, a nitrogen fertilizer compound and a sodium silicate / soil yeast compound according to the above weight proportions, stirring evenly, and obtaining the water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer.
[0035] A method for applying a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice mixed fertilizer is to bury the fertilizer in the soil of a rice field as a base fertilizer three days before planting rice seedlings, with an application amount of 50kg / mu.
[0036] <Control experiment> Rice varieties for testing: The common high-yield rice variety "Yongyou 1540" was selected.
[0037] Fertilizer setting: an experimental group and a control group were set up. The experimental group used the independently developed water-retaining and soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer of <Example 3>; the control group used a common commercially available rice blended fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
[0038] Experimental field: Select rice fields with medium soil fertility and good irrigation and drainage conditions, divide them into multiple plots of equal area, each plot is 30m×20m, and set up 3 replications.
[0039] Experimental methods Fertilization plan: According to the amount of base fertilizer per mu, the experimental group applied 50 kg of water-retaining and soil-loosening mixed fertilizer, and the control group applied 50 kg of ordinary rice mixed fertilizer; the topdressing period and amount remained consistent for the two groups, and 10 kg / mu of urea was applied during the tillering stage and booting stage of rice respectively.
[0040] Planting management: unified sowing and transplanting, the transplanting density is 30cm×15cm, field water management, pest and disease control and other agricultural operations are carried out in accordance with local standards and specifications.
[0041] Data measurement: During different growth stages of rice (greening stage, tillering stage, booting stage, and maturity stage), the soil moisture content, soil bulk density, rice plant height, number of effective tillers, number of grains per panicle, thousand-grain weight, and yield indicators were measured.
[0042] 2. Experimental Results Soil physical properties Soil moisture content: During the greening period, the average soil moisture content of the experimental group was 32%, while that of the control group was 28%; during the tillering period, the experimental group reached 35%, while that of the control group was 30%; during the booting period, the experimental group reached 38%, while that of the control group was 32%; during the maturity period, the experimental group still maintained 30%, while that of the control group dropped to 25%. It can be seen that water-retaining and soil-loosening fertilizers significantly improved the soil's water holding capacity, and the average soil moisture content during the entire growth period was 4-5 percentage points higher than that of the control group.
[0043] Soil bulk density: Before the experiment, the soil bulk density of each plot was about 1.3g / cm³. At maturity, the soil bulk density of the experimental group decreased to 1.1g / cm³, and that of the control group was 1.25g / cm³. This shows that the additives in the fertilizer played a role in reducing soil compaction, making the soil more loose and breathable.
[0044] Agronomic traits of rice Plant height: During the tillering stage, the average plant height of rice in the experimental group was 45.3 cm, while that in the control group was 42.1 cm; during the booting stage, the average plant height of rice in the experimental group was 85.5 cm, while that in the control group was 80.2 cm; during the maturity stage, the average plant height of rice in the experimental group was 105.8 cm, while that in the control group was 98.2 cm. The plant height of rice in the experimental group was higher than that of rice in the control group throughout the whole process.
[0045] Number of effective tillers: According to the investigation during the tillering period, the average number of effective tillers in the experimental group was 18 per plant, and that in the control group was 15 per plant. The final number of ears was 16 per plant in the experimental group and 13 per plant in the control group. The experimental group had a clear advantage in effective tillers.
[0046] Number of grains per ear: At the booting stage, the average number of grains per ear in the experimental group was 182, while that in the control group was 161.
[0047] Thousand-grain weight: measured at maturity, the thousand-grain weight of the experimental group was 28.5g, and that of the control group was 26.3g.
[0048] Production performance The final yield measurement results showed that the average yield of rice in the experimental group was 782.5 kg per mu, and the average yield in the control group was 670.6 kg per mu. The yield of the experimental group increased by about 16.7% over that of the control group.
[0049] The above implementation cases are only for illustrating the technical solutions and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to implement them better. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention, and those not described in detail are prior art.
Claims
1. A water-retaining and soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer, characterized in that: The components include the following parts by weight: Potassium fertilizer 20-30 parts Diammonium phosphate 25-35 parts 40-50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound.
2. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer compound comprises the following steps: mixing ammonium chloride, lauryl ethoxy ammonium sulfate, ionic polyacrylamide, polycarboxylic acid water reducer and super absorbent resin in a mass ratio of (90-93): (1.0-1.3): (2.0-2.4): (1.0-1.3): 3.3 to form a mixture, and evenly stirring and extruding the mixture into particles.
3. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The highly water-absorbent resin is a mixture of any one or more of polyacrylamide resin, sodium polyacrylate resin, starch graft copolymer resin, and cellulose graft copolymer resin.
4. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potash fertilizer is a mixture of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
5. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following components are also included in the following weight proportions: 1-3 parts of carbon nanotubes Amino acid silicon fertilizer 2-4 parts Potassium polyaspartate 0.2-0.4 parts 3-5 parts tourmaline powder 5-8 parts of sodium silicate / soil yeast mixture.
6. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound is as follows: T1. Add sodium silicate powder into sterile water while stirring to prepare a sodium silicate solution with a mass fraction of 10%-30%, heat and maintain the temperature at 40-60°C, and continue stirring for 30-60 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved to obtain a clear and transparent sodium silicate solution; T2. According to the instructions for use of the soil yeast agent, dilute and activate the agent with sterile water, control the dilution multiple to 5-10 times, and activate it at 25-35°C for 1-2 hours to revive the dormant bacteria and enter an active growth state to obtain a soil yeast solution; T3. Add the activated soil yeast solution to the sodium silicate solution at a volume ratio of 2 to 1, control the stirring speed at 200-400 r / min, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and mix thoroughly and evenly. During the stirring period, add glucose solution and yeast extract solution to supplement nutrients for the soil yeast and maintain activity; T4. Add diatomaceous earth as a filler to the mixed solution of T3, stir evenly, and make particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm through an extrusion granulator. Spread the obtained particles in a ventilated and dry environment, and dry them at a constant temperature of 40-50° C. for 4-6 hours until the moisture content is less than 10%, thereby obtaining the sodium silicate / soil yeast compound.
7. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The glucose solution in T3 is a glucose solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%-1%, and the yeast extract solution is a yeast extract solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%-0.5%.
8. The water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The components include the following parts by weight: Potassium fertilizer 25 parts 30 parts of diammonium phosphate 45 parts of nitrogen fertilizer compound 2 parts of carbon nanotubes Amino acid silicon fertilizer 3 parts 0.3 parts potassium polyaspartate 4 parts tourmaline powder 6 parts of sodium silicate / soil yeast mixture.
9. The method for preparing a water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The carbon nanotubes, amino acid silicon fertilizer, potassium polyaspartate and tourmaline powder are mixed with water, stirred evenly, formed into particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm by an extrusion granulator, and dried at a constant temperature of 40-50°C until the moisture content is less than 10%. The mixture is then mixed with potassium fertilizer, diammonium phosphate, nitrogen fertilizer compound and sodium silicate / soil yeast compound in the above weight proportions, stirred evenly, and a water-retaining soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer is obtained.
10. The method for applying a water-retaining and soil-loosening rice blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three days before planting the seedlings, bury it in the rice field soil as base fertilizer, with an application rate of 40-50kg / mu.