Carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection spatial optimization method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

This application provides a spatial optimization method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services. The method includes: determining carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned based on the correlation between carbon sink values ​​and at least one ecosystem service; determining the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned; acquiring the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned, including carbon sink values, values ​​of carbon-related ecosystem services, and values ​​of non-carbon-related ecosystem services; aggregating cells based on their ecological characteristics and the protection targets of preset planning characteristics; determining the carbon-sensitive risks of the aggregated spatial partitions based on the carbon-sensitive risk distribution; and determining the target spatial partitions of the space to be planned after spatial planning based on the carbon-sensitive risks. Therefore, this solution can improve the effectiveness of spatial planning by combining ecosystem services and carbon sink benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of land and space planning technology, and in particular to a spatial optimization method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change, enhancing carbon sink efficiency has become a crucial task in territorial spatial planning. However, existing technologies often neglect the synergistic protection of ecosystem services, failing to maximize carbon sink efficiency and multiple ecological benefits. Therefore, how to achieve dual protection of ecosystem services and carbon sink efficiency in the spatial planning process is a problem that this application urgently needs to address. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a spatial optimization method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services, in order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services is provided, comprising: determining carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned based on the correlation between carbon sink values ​​and at least one ecosystem service in the space to be planned; determining the carbon sensitivity risk distribution in the space to be planned; obtaining the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned, the ecological characteristics including carbon sink values, values ​​of the carbon-related ecosystem services, and values ​​of non-carbon-related ecosystem services; aggregating the cells according to the ecological characteristics of each cell and the protection targets of preset planning characteristics; determining the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial partitions according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution; and determining the target spatial partitions of the space to be planned after spatial planning based on the carbon sensitivity risk.

[0005] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a spatial optimization device for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services is provided, comprising: a first determining module, configured to determine carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned based on the correlation between carbon sink values ​​and at least one ecosystem service in the space to be planned; a second determining module, configured to determine the carbon sensitivity risk distribution in the space to be planned; an acquiring module, configured to acquire the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned, the ecological characteristics including carbon sink values, values ​​of the carbon-related ecosystem services, and values ​​of non-carbon-related ecosystem services; and a zoning planning module, configured to aggregate the cells according to the ecological characteristics of each cell and preset planning feature protection targets, determine the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial zoning according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution, and determine the target spatial zoning after spatial planning according to the carbon sensitivity risk.

[0006] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus; the memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction causes the processor to perform the operation corresponding to the spatial optimization method for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection described in any of the above claims.

[0007] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, it implements the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services as described above.

[0008] According to the spatial optimization method for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection provided in the embodiments of this application, carbon-related ecosystem services are determined based on the correlation between carbon sink values ​​and ecosystem services in the space to be planned. This introduces ecosystem services into spatial planning, further determining the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned, such as carbon sink values, values ​​of carbon-related ecosystem services, and values ​​of non-carbon-related ecosystem services. By determining the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned, the cells are aggregated by comprehensively considering carbon sink benefits and ecological characteristics in the subsequent spatial planning process. Conditional constraints are imposed on the aggregated cells based on carbon-sensitive risks, so that the planned target spatial partition achieves multiple ecological benefits with minimal carbon-sensitive risks. This enables the planned target space to provide dual protection for ecosystem services and carbon sink benefits, improving the effectiveness of spatial planning. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services according to an embodiment of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a spatial optimization device for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services according to an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Spatial optimization methods for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services

[0014] This application provides a spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services. This method can achieve dual protection of ecosystem services and carbon sink benefits, thereby improving the effectiveness of spatial planning.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 101: Determine the carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned based on the correlation between the carbon sink value and at least one ecosystem service.

[0017] In some embodiments, ecological data of the space to be planned can be acquired. This ecological data may include solar radiation distribution data, precipitation distribution data, temperature distribution data, vegetation type distribution data, and vegetation index distribution data, which can be normalized.

[0018] In some embodiments, the carbon sink distribution of the planned area can be determined based on normalized ecological data, combined with a light energy utilization model, such as the CASA (Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach, a remote sensing method based on light energy utilization rate) model. The carbon sink can be used to indicate the carbon absorption capacity of vegetation at different locations within the planned area. For example, the carbon sink value can be determined as the difference between the total organic carbon fixed by plants through photosynthesis and the carbon consumed by plant respiration in the planned area, or it can be determined based on information such as vegetation biomass, soil carbon storage, and the decomposition rate of dead vegetation in the planned area.

[0019] In some embodiments, the spatial distribution of ecosystem services in the area to be planned can be calculated using an ecological model. Ecosystem services include at least one of regulatory services, support services, provisioning services, and cultural services.

[0020] In some embodiments, the space to be planned can be divided into several cells, with each cell corresponding one-to-one with a region within the space to be planned. Based on the spatial distribution of carbon sinks and ecosystem services in the area to be planned, further extraction and analysis can be performed to obtain the carbon sink value and ecosystem service value in each cell. The ecosystem service value of the area to be planned can be determined by the total value of various types of ecosystem services in the area, and the value of each type of ecosystem service can be determined by existing ecosystem service assessment models.

[0021] The correlation coefficient between the ecosystem service value and the carbon sink value in each cell can be calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient or the Spearman correlation coefficient. This correlation measures the dependence between the two variables. Ecosystem service types corresponding to ecosystem service values ​​with correlation coefficients greater than a preset threshold can be identified as carbon-related ecosystem services. For example, if the correlation coefficient r ranges from -1 to 1, a larger correlation coefficient indicates a stronger positive correlation between ecosystem service values ​​and carbon sink values; a smaller correlation coefficient indicates a stronger negative correlation. 0 indicates no correlation between ecosystem service values ​​and carbon sink values. A preset threshold of 0.7 can be set, and ecosystem services corresponding to ecosystem service values ​​with correlation coefficients greater than 0.7 can be identified as carbon-related ecosystem services, meaning that the relationship between the ecosystem service value and carbon sink value of carbon-related ecosystem services is a positive correlation.

[0022] Ecosystem services other than carbon-related ecosystem services can be identified as non-carbon-related ecosystem services.

[0023] Step 102: Determine the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned.

[0024] In some embodiments, the space to be planned can be divided into administrative regions, and the carbon emissions of each administrative region of the space to be planned can be obtained for at least two years.

[0025] In some embodiments, if the number of years obtained is two, the carbon-sensitive risk in each administrative region can be determined based on formula (1).

[0026]

[0027] In formula (1), RI represents the carbon-sensitive risk of the administrative region, and CE A This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year A, CE B This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year B. Year B is earlier than year A.

[0028] In some embodiments, if the number of years obtained is greater than or equal to three, the method for determining carbon-sensitive risk can be based on the following formula (2).

[0029]

[0030] In formula (2), RI represents the carbon-sensitive risk of the administrative region, n represents the number of years, i represents the i-th year, and CE i This represents the carbon emissions of an administrative region in year i. Year i-1 is earlier than year i.

[0031] In some embodiments, the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned can be determined based on the carbon-sensitive risks corresponding to each administrative region.

[0032] In some embodiments, the method for obtaining the carbon emissions of each administrative region of the space to be planned for at least two years may be as follows:

[0033] The planning space can be based on administrative divisions to obtain the construction land area and non-construction land area in each administrative region in each year. The non-construction land area can include at least one of forest land, grassland, cultivated land and water area.

[0034] The direct carbon emissions corresponding to non-construction land in an administrative region can be calculated based on formula (3).

[0035]

[0036] In formula (3), Q represents the total direct carbon emissions within the administrative region; i represents each land use type; Q i V represents the carbon emissions of the i-th land use type; i E represents the area occupied by the i-th land use type. i Let represent the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th land use type. The direct carbon emissions of the administrative region can be determined by summing the products of the occupied area of ​​each land use type in the non-construction land area of ​​the administrative region and the carbon emission factor of that land use type.

[0037] Indirect carbon emissions from construction land areas in each administrative region for each year can be calculated based on formula (5).

[0038]

[0039] In formula (5), Q b Q represents the total indirect carbon emissions within an administrative region, where i represents the type of energy consumed within that region. iThe carbon emissions of the i-th energy type, B i E represents the energy consumption of the i-th energy type. i F represents the carbon emission factor for the i-th energy type. i This represents the standard coal energy conversion factor for the i-th energy type. The indirect carbon emissions of an administrative region can be determined by summing the products of the carbon emission factor for each energy type, the energy consumption for each energy type, and the standard coal energy conversion factor for each energy type within the region's construction land area. The standard coal energy conversion factor can be determined based on the energy type; it is the conversion factor for each energy type to be converted into standard coal equivalent.

[0040] The total carbon emissions of an administrative region can be determined by summing its direct and indirect carbon emissions. The carbon emission distribution of administrative regions in the planned space can be determined based on the total carbon emissions of each administrative region.

[0041] In some embodiments, the method for determining the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned may also be as follows:

[0042] At least one of the following can be determined in the space to be planned: land cover change rate, population growth rate, building land ratio, road network density, and population density. After normalizing these data, the pressure index of the space to be planned can be obtained.

[0043] We can determine at least one of the following in the planned space: landscape area ratio, maximum landscape patch index, carbon footprint intensity, and per capita carbon footprint. After normalizing these data, we can obtain the sensitive indicators of the planned space.

[0044] The ecological support index, forest ratio, and vegetation normalization in the space to be planned can be determined, and these data can be used as elasticity indicators for the space to be planned.

[0045] The carbon sensitivity risk distribution in the space to be planned is obtained by weighting and superimposing each pressure indicator, each sensitivity indicator, and each flexibility indicator. The pressure indicators, sensitivity indicators, and flexibility indicators can also be determined according to actual circumstances; this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0046] Step 103: Obtain the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned.

[0047] In some embodiments, the space to be planned can be divided into cells. For example, the space to be planned can be divided into cells based on a fishing net grid, or in the form of geometric units or any basic unit based on the natural or social characteristics of the space, with each cell corresponding to an area in the space to be planned.

[0048] In some embodiments, ecological characteristics corresponding to each cell of the space to be planned can be obtained. Ecological characteristics may include carbon sink values, values ​​of carbon-related ecosystem services, and values ​​of non-carbon-related ecosystem services.

[0049] Specifically, the value of carbon-related ecosystem services in this cell can be the sum of the ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to the carbon-related ecosystem services in that cell, and the value of non-carbon-related ecosystem services in this cell can be the sum of the ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to the non-carbon-related ecosystem services in that cell; alternatively, the value of carbon-related ecosystem services in this cell can be the set of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to each type of carbon-related ecosystem service in that cell, and the value of non-carbon-related ecosystem services in this cell can be the set of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to each type of non-carbon-related ecosystem service in that cell; alternatively, the value of carbon-related ecosystem services in this cell can be the percentage of the ecosystem service value corresponding to each type of carbon-related ecosystem service in that cell that represents the ecosystem service value of that type of ecosystem service. The value of a service is a set of percentages of the total sum of ecosystem service values. The value of a non-carbon-related ecosystem service in a cell can be the set of percentages of the ecosystem service value corresponding to each type of non-carbon-related ecosystem service in that cell relative to the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to that type of ecosystem service. Alternatively, the value of a carbon-related ecosystem service in a cell can be the percentage of the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to each type of carbon-related ecosystem service in that cell relative to the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to all ecosystem services in the space to be planned. The value of a non-carbon-related ecosystem service in a cell can be the percentage of the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to each type of non-carbon-related ecosystem service in that cell relative to the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to all ecosystem services in the space to be planned.

[0050] Step 104: Aggregate cells according to the ecological characteristics and protection targets of the preset planning characteristics of each cell, determine the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial partitions according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution, and determine the target spatial partitions of the space to be planned after spatial planning according to the carbon sensitivity risk.

[0051] In some embodiments, protection targets for preset ecological characteristics can be obtained. These targets may include a target carbon sink value corresponding to a preset planning zone in the planned space, a first target value for carbon-related ecosystem services, and a second target value for non-carbon-related ecosystem services. Specifically, the target carbon sink value may be the sum of carbon sink values ​​corresponding to all cells in the preset planning zone of the planned space; the first target value may be the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to carbon-related ecosystem services corresponding to all cells in the preset planning zone of the planned space; and the second target value may be the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to non-carbon-related ecosystem services corresponding to all cells in the preset planning zone of the planned space. Alternatively, the first target value may be the percentage of the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to carbon-related ecosystem services in all cells of the preset planning zone of the planned space to the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to carbon-related ecosystem services in the planned space; and the second target value may be the percentage of the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to non-carbon-related ecosystem services in all cells of the preset planning zone of the planned space to the total sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to non-carbon-related ecosystem services in the planned space.

[0052] In some embodiments, cells can be aggregated based on protection objectives. This aggregation process can be implemented using a simulated annealing algorithm, with carbon-sensitive risk as a constraint, dividing the space to be planned into several spatial partitions. The first carbon sink value, the first ecosystem service value, and the second ecosystem service value are obtained within the aggregated spatial partitions. The first carbon sink value indicates the sum of carbon sink values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition; the first ecosystem service value indicates the sum of carbon-related ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition; and the second ecosystem service value indicates the sum of non-carbon-related ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition.

[0053] If the difference between the first carbon sink value and the target carbon sink value is within a first threshold, the difference between the first ecosystem service value and the first target value is within a second threshold, and the difference between the second ecosystem service value and the second target value is within a third threshold, then the spatial partition is determined as a candidate spatial partition. The first, second, and third thresholds can be determined based on actual circumstances.

[0054] One method for aggregating cells is to set the number of target spatial partitioning schemes generated by the simulated degradation algorithm and the number of iterations for each partitioning scheme, perform spatial iteration calculations, and finally select the spatial partitioning scheme with the smallest objective function from all partitioning schemes as the candidate spatial partitioning scheme.

[0055] As an example, the objective function for aggregating cells based on their ecological characteristics and preset planning target values ​​can be shown in formula (4).

[0056]

[0057] In formula (4), ∑ PUs Cost represents the cost factor of spatial partitioning, i.e., the carbon sensitivity risk of the spatial partition corresponding to the aggregated cell, which can be determined by the carbon sensitivity risk distribution; the edge length adjustment coefficient BLM represents the boundary factor, ∑ PUs Boundary represents the total boundary length corresponding to the spatial partition, FeaturePenalty represents the ecological feature, and FPF represents the penalty value. BLM and FPF can be determined through pre-training. f represents the objective function value corresponding to the planned spatial partition; the smaller the f value, the better the solution for the spatial partition. A preset threshold can be set for f, and spatial partitions corresponding to solutions that satisfy the formula f can be identified as candidate spatial partitions.

[0058] In some embodiments, the partitioning schemes of candidate spatial partitions obtained after each iteration can be acquired. Based on the distribution of carbon sensitivity risks in the space to be planned, the carbon sensitivity risk value of each candidate spatial partition in the partitioning scheme is determined. The candidate spatial partition with the lowest carbon sensitivity risk value in the partitioning scheme is identified as the target spatial partition. The optimal partitioning scheme corresponding to the target spatial partition is spatially visualized in a geographic information system, completing the spatial planning based on the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services.

[0059] The pre-defined spatial partitions can include three types: ecological protection zones, ecological buffer zones, and sustainable development zones. As an example, if the protection targets of the pre-defined planning features are as shown in Table 1, the protection targets for the ecological protection zones include a target carbon sink value of 75%, a first target value of 75%, and a second target value of 0%. After aggregating the cells, the three spatial partitions must all meet the protection targets of the pre-defined planning features, while ensuring that the carbon sensitivity risk corresponding to each partition is sufficiently low.

[0060] Table 1. Planning Features and Protection Objectives of Pre-defined Spatial Zoning

[0061] Preset planning features Ecological Protection Area Ecological buffer zone Sustainable Development Zone Target carbon sink value 75％ 25％ 0％ First target value 75％ 25％ 0％ Second target value 0％ 75％ 25％

[0062] In this embodiment, by correlating the carbon sink value and at least one ecosystem service in the planned space, carbon-related and non-carbon-related ecosystem services in the planned space can be determined, thereby enabling accurate assessment of the ecosystem service value and carbon sink value of each cell in the planned space. In determining the carbon sensitivity risk distribution in the planned space, the distribution can be determined by the change in the sum of indirect carbon emissions from built-up land areas and direct carbon emissions from non-built-up land areas in each administrative region over at least two years, or by weighted superposition of pressure indicators, sensitivity indicators, and resilience indicators in the planned space. This allows for the determination of the degree of carbon sensitivity risk in different areas of the planned space. By aggregating the cells based on their ecological characteristics and the protection targets of the pre-defined planning characteristics, and iteratively determining the optimal target spatial partition based on the carbon sensitivity risk distribution among multiple schemes of the aggregated spatial partitioning, the dual protection of carbon sink benefits and ecosystems in spatial planning can be improved, thus enhancing the effectiveness of spatial planning.

[0063] Spatial optimization device for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services

[0064] Corresponding to the above-described embodiments of spatial optimization methods for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a spatial optimization device for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services according to an embodiment of this application is shown, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the spatial optimization device 200 for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services includes:

[0065] The first determining module 201 is used to determine carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned based on the correlation between carbon sink values ​​in the space to be planned and at least one ecosystem service.

[0066] The second determining module 202 is used to determine the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned;

[0067] The acquisition module 203 is used to acquire the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned. The ecological characteristics include carbon sink value, carbon-related ecosystem service value and non-carbon-related ecosystem service value.

[0068] The zoning planning module 204 is used to aggregate the cells according to the ecological characteristics and the protection targets of the preset planning characteristics of each cell, determine the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial zoning according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution, and determine the target spatial zoning of the space to be planned after spatial planning according to the carbon sensitivity risk.

[0069] It should be noted that the spatial optimization device for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection in this embodiment is used to implement the corresponding spatial optimization method for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection in the aforementioned method embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0070] electronic devices

[0071] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. The specific embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation of the electronic device.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 302, a communications interface 304, a memory 306, and a communications bus 308.

[0073] in:

[0074] The processor 302, communication interface 304, and memory 306 communicate with each other via communication bus 308.

[0075] Communication interface 304 is used to communicate with other electronic devices or servers.

[0076] The processor 302 is used to execute program 310, specifically to execute the relevant steps in the above-described embodiment of the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services.

[0077] Specifically, program 310 may include program code that includes computer operation instructions.

[0078] Processor 302 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application. The smart device may include one or more processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or it may include processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0079] Memory 306 is used to store program 310. Memory 306 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0080] Specifically, program 310 can be used to cause processor 302 to perform the following operations:

[0081] In an optional implementation, program 310 is further configured to ensure that the processor 302 performs each step in program 310. The specific implementation details can be found in the corresponding steps and apparatus descriptions in the above-described embodiments of the spatial optimization method for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for ease of description and brevity, the specific working processes of the described devices and modules can be referred to the corresponding process descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0082] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions that instruct a computing device to perform operations corresponding to any of the spatial optimization methods for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection in the above-described multiple method embodiments.

[0083] It should be noted that, depending on the implementation needs, the various components / steps described in the embodiments of this application can be broken down into more components / steps, or two or more components / steps or parts of the operation of components / steps can be combined into new components / steps to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application.

[0084] The methods described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium (such as CD ROM, RAM, floppy disk, hard disk, or magneto-optical disk), or as computer code downloaded over a network that is originally stored in a remote recording medium or a non-transitory machine-readable medium and will be stored in a local recording medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be stored as software processing on a recording medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware (such as an ASIC or FPGA). It is understood that the computer, processor, microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes storage components (e.g., RAM, ROM, flash memory, etc.) capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, it implements the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services described herein. Furthermore, when a general-purpose computer accesses code for implementing the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services shown herein, the execution of the code transforms the general-purpose computer into a dedicated computer for executing the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services shown herein.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0086] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the embodiments of this application, and the patent protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A spatial optimization method for carbon sink and carbon-related ecosystem service protection, characterized in that, The method includes: The carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned are determined based on the correlation between the carbon sink value in the space to be planned and at least one ecosystem service. Determine the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned; The ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned are obtained. The ecological characteristics include carbon sink value, carbon-related ecosystem service value and non-carbon-related ecosystem service value. The cell is obtained by dividing the space to be planned, and the region corresponding to each cell corresponds one-to-one with the region in the space to be planned. The cells are aggregated based on their ecological characteristics and the protection objectives of the preset planning characteristics. The carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial partition is determined based on the carbon sensitivity risk distribution. The target spatial partition of the space to be planned is determined based on the carbon sensitivity risk. The determination of the carbon-sensitive risk distribution in the space to be planned includes: dividing the space to be planned into administrative regions, and obtaining the carbon emissions of each administrative region of the space to be planned in at least two years; if the number of years is two, then the carbon-sensitive risk of the administrative region is determined based on the following formula: In the above formula, RI represents the carbon-sensitive risk of the administrative region. This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year A. This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year B, where year B is earlier than year A; if the number of such years is greater than or equal to three, the carbon sensitivity risk of the administrative region is determined based on the following formula: In the above formula, n represents the total number of years, and i represents the i-th year. This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year i, where year i-1 is earlier than year i; the distribution of carbon sensitivity risks in the space to be planned is determined based on the carbon sensitivity risks of the administrative region. Alternatively, determining the carbon-sensitive risk distribution in the space to be planned includes: determining a stress indicator for the space to be planned based on at least one of land cover change rate, population growth rate, building land ratio, road network density, and population density; determining a sensitivity indicator for the space to be planned based on at least one of landscape area ratio, maximum landscape patch index, carbon footprint intensity, and per capita carbon footprint; determining a resilience indicator for the space to be planned based on at least one of ecological support index, forest ratio, and vegetation normalization; and weighting and superimposing the stress indicator, the sensitivity indicator, and the resilience indicator to obtain the carbon-sensitive risk distribution corresponding to the space to be planned. The process of aggregating the cells based on their ecological characteristics and the protection targets of the preset planning characteristics, determining the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial partitions based on the carbon sensitivity risk distribution, and determining the target spatial partitions of the space to be planned after spatial planning based on the carbon sensitivity risk includes: obtaining the protection targets of the preset planning characteristics, which include the target carbon sink value corresponding to all cells in the preset planning partitions of the space to be planned, a first target value of the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to carbon-related ecosystem services, and a second target value of the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to non-carbon-related ecosystem services; aggregating the cells to obtain the first carbon sink value, the first ecosystem service value, and the second ecosystem service value within the aggregated spatial partitions, wherein the first carbon sink value... The first ecosystem service value is used to indicate the sum of carbon sink values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition, and the second ecosystem service value is used to indicate the sum of non-carbon-related ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition. If the difference between the first carbon sink value and the target carbon sink value is within a first threshold, the difference between the first ecosystem service value and the first target value is within a second threshold, and the difference between the second ecosystem service value and the second target value is within a third threshold, then the spatial partition is determined as a candidate spatial partition. The total carbon sensitivity risk of the candidate spatial partition is determined according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution. The candidate spatial partition with the smallest total carbon sensitivity risk is determined as the target spatial partition.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned, based on the correlation between carbon sink values ​​and at least one ecosystem service, includes: The space to be planned is divided into cells, and the area corresponding to each cell corresponds one-to-one with the area in the space to be planned. Determine the correlation coefficient between the carbon sink value in the cell and the ecosystem service value corresponding to the ecosystem service; Ecosystem services whose correlation coefficients are greater than a preset threshold are identified as carbon-related ecosystem services.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the carbon emissions of the administrative region of the space to be planned for at least two years includes: The space to be planned is divided based on the administrative regions, and the construction land area and non-construction land area in the administrative regions are obtained in each year; The indirect carbon emissions of the administrative region are determined by summing the products of the carbon emission factor corresponding to each energy type, the energy consumption of each energy type, and the standard coal energy conversion factor corresponding to each energy type in the construction land area. The sum of the products of the occupied area of ​​each land use type in the non-construction land area and the carbon emission factor of the land use type is determined as the direct carbon emission of the administrative region; wherein, the land types in the non-construction land area include at least one of forest land, grassland, cultivated land and water area; The sum of the indirect carbon emissions and the direct carbon emissions of the administrative region is determined as the carbon emissions of the administrative region in each year.

4. A spatial optimization device for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services, characterized in that, include: The first determining module is used to determine the carbon-related ecosystem services in the space to be planned based on the correlation between the carbon sink value in the space to be planned and at least one ecosystem service. The second determining module is used to determine the distribution of carbon-sensitive risks in the space to be planned; The acquisition module is used to acquire the ecological characteristics of each cell in the space to be planned. The ecological characteristics include carbon sink value, carbon-related ecosystem service value and non-carbon-related ecosystem service value. The cell is obtained by dividing the space to be planned, and the region corresponding to each cell corresponds one-to-one with the region in the space to be planned. The zoning planning module is used to aggregate the cells according to the ecological characteristics and preset planning characteristics protection targets of each cell, determine the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial zoning according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution, and determine the target spatial zoning of the space to be planned after spatial planning according to the carbon sensitivity risk. The determination of the carbon-sensitive risk distribution in the space to be planned includes: dividing the space to be planned into administrative regions, and obtaining the carbon emissions of each administrative region of the space to be planned in at least two years; if the number of years is two, then the carbon-sensitive risk of the administrative region is determined based on the following formula: In the above formula, RI represents the carbon-sensitive risk of the administrative region. This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year A. This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year B, where year B is earlier than year A; if the number of such years is greater than or equal to three, the carbon sensitivity risk of the administrative region is determined based on the following formula: In the above formula, n represents the total number of years, and i represents the i-th year. This represents the carbon emissions of the administrative region in year i, where year i-1 is earlier than year i; the distribution of carbon sensitivity risks in the space to be planned is determined based on the carbon sensitivity risks of the administrative region. Alternatively, determining the carbon-sensitive risk distribution in the space to be planned includes: determining a stress indicator for the space to be planned based on at least one of land cover change rate, population growth rate, building land ratio, road network density, and population density; determining a sensitivity indicator for the space to be planned based on at least one of landscape area ratio, maximum landscape patch index, carbon footprint intensity, and per capita carbon footprint; determining a resilience indicator for the space to be planned based on at least one of ecological support index, forest ratio, and vegetation normalization; and weighting and superimposing the stress indicator, the sensitivity indicator, and the resilience indicator to obtain the carbon-sensitive risk distribution corresponding to the space to be planned. The process of aggregating the cells based on their ecological characteristics and the protection targets of the preset planning characteristics, determining the carbon sensitivity risk of the aggregated spatial partitions based on the carbon sensitivity risk distribution, and determining the target spatial partitions of the space to be planned after spatial planning based on the carbon sensitivity risk includes: obtaining the protection targets of the preset planning characteristics, which include the target carbon sink value corresponding to all cells in the preset planning partitions of the space to be planned, a first target value of the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to carbon-related ecosystem services, and a second target value of the sum of ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to non-carbon-related ecosystem services; aggregating the cells to obtain the first carbon sink value, the first ecosystem service value, and the second ecosystem service value within the aggregated spatial partitions, wherein the first carbon sink value... The first ecosystem service value is used to indicate the sum of carbon sink values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition, and the second ecosystem service value is used to indicate the sum of non-carbon-related ecosystem service values ​​corresponding to all cells in the spatial partition. If the difference between the first carbon sink value and the target carbon sink value is within a first threshold, the difference between the first ecosystem service value and the first target value is within a second threshold, and the difference between the second ecosystem service value and the second target value is within a third threshold, then the spatial partition is determined as a candidate spatial partition. The total carbon sensitivity risk of the candidate spatial partition is determined according to the carbon sensitivity risk distribution. The candidate spatial partition with the smallest total carbon sensitivity risk is determined as the target spatial partition.

5. An electronic device, comprising: The processor, memory, communication interface, and communication bus are provided, wherein the processor, memory, and communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus. The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform operations corresponding to the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services as described in any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the program being executed by a processor to implement the spatial optimization method for the protection of carbon sinks and carbon-related ecosystem services as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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