An electric cell and battery system

Abstract

The application discloses an electric core and a battery system, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The electric core comprises a first tab, a first pole piece, the first pole piece being capable of leading out an electrode through the first tab, and a first switch piece, the first switch piece having a first form in a first temperature range, the first tab and the first pole piece being in conductive connection, and the first switch piece having a second form in a second temperature range, the first tab and the first pole piece being in non-conductive connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery cell and battery system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, the safety of battery cells is receiving increasing attention. In existing technologies, to prevent short circuits in either the battery cell or the electrical device, which could damage both, a fuse is connected between them. When a short circuit occurs, the current flowing through the fuse increases, causing the fuse's temperature to rise. The fuse then melts at this high temperature, breaking the circuit and protecting both the battery cell and the electrical device.

[0003] However, fuses are for single use only. If a short circuit occurs and the fuse blows, it needs to be replaced, causing great inconvenience in use and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a battery cell and battery system to solve, or at least partially solve, the problems existing in the prior art, such as fuses being usable only once, short circuits, and the need to replace fuses after they blow, which cause great inconvenience in use and maintenance.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a battery cell, the battery cell comprising: a first tab; a first electrode, the first electrode having an electrode led out through the first tab; a first switching element, wherein in a first temperature range, the first switching element has a first configuration, and the first tab and the first electrode are electrically connected; and in a second temperature range, the first switching element has a second configuration, and the first tab and the first electrode are non-conductively connected.

[0007] Optionally, at least a portion of the first switch element is made of a shape memory alloy.

[0008] Optionally, the first switching element includes: a first contact terminal connected to the first electrode tab; a second contact terminal connected to the first electrode plate; the first contact terminal and / or the second contact terminal are made of shape memory alloy.

[0009] Optionally, the resistance of the first contact end is R1 = ρ1*L1 / S1, where the length of the first contact end is L1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first contact end is S1, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact end is ρ1; and / or, the resistance of the second contact end is R2 = ρ2*L2 / S2, where the length of the second contact end is L2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second contact end is S2, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact end is ρ2.

[0010] Optionally, the resistance of the first contact terminal is R3 = c3 * m3 * ΔT3 / I3 * t3, where the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact terminal is c3, the mass of the first contact terminal is m3, the temperature change of the first contact terminal is ΔT3, the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal is I3, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal is t3; and / or, the resistance of the second contact terminal is R4 = c4 * m4 * ΔT4 / I4 * t4, where the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact terminal is c4, the mass of the second contact terminal is m4, the temperature change of the second contact terminal is ΔT4, the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal is I4, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal is t4.

[0011] Optionally, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is c5 = R5 * I5² * t5 / m5 * ΔT5, where the mass of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is m5, the temperature change of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is ΔT5, the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is I5, the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is t5, and the resistance of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is R5.

[0012] Optionally, the resistance R6 of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is ρ6*L6 / S6, where the length of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is L6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is S6, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is ρ6.

[0013] Optionally, the first switch has a first initial state, and when the temperature value of the first switch is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the first switch switches from the first initial state to the first state.

[0014] Optionally, the first preset temperature is less than or equal to 45 degrees Celsius.

[0015] Optionally, the first switch has a first initial state, and when the temperature value of the first switch is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the first switch switches from the first initial state to the second state.

[0016] Optionally, the second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 150 degrees.

[0017] Optionally, the battery cell further includes: a second tab; a second electrode, wherein an electrode is led out from the second tab through the second electrode; and an insulating layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0018] Optionally, a second switching element is connected between the second tab and the second electrode; in a third temperature range, the second switching element has a third configuration, and the second tab and the second electrode are electrically connected; in a fourth temperature range, the second switching element has a fourth configuration, and the second tab and the second electrode are non-conductively connected.

[0019] Optionally, at least a portion of the second switch is made of a shape memory alloy.

[0020] Optionally, the second switching element includes: a third contact terminal connected to the second electrode tab; and a fourth contact terminal connected to the second electrode plate; wherein the third contact terminal and / or the fourth contact terminal are made of shape memory alloy.

[0021] Secondly, this application also discloses a battery system, the battery system comprising: an electrical device; and the battery cell described in the first aspect, wherein the electrical device is electrically connected to the first electrode tab.

[0022] This application discloses a battery cell and a battery system. The battery cell includes a first tab; a first electrode, the first electrode having an electrode led out through the first tab; and a first switching element. In a first temperature range, the first switching element has a first configuration, and the first tab and the first electrode are electrically connected. In a second temperature range, the first switching element has a second configuration, and the first tab and the first electrode are non-conductively connected.

[0023] The battery cell disclosed in this application includes a first tab, a first electrode, and a first switching element. The first electrode leads out an electrode through the first tab. Within a first temperature range, the first switching element has a first configuration to electrically connect the first tab and the first electrode. Within a second temperature range, the first switching element has a second configuration to non-conductively connect the first tab and the first electrode. This configuration allows the first tab and the first electrode to switch between conductive and non-conductive connections, thereby protecting the battery cell.

[0024] Furthermore, the first switching element can switch between a first configuration and a second configuration to either make the first electrode and the first tab electrically connected or non-conductively connected. In other words, the first switching element can be reused, which helps reduce inconvenience in the use and maintenance of the battery cell and improves the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the working principle of the battery system described in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell described in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the first or second switch in the embodiments of this application in a closed state;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the first or second switch in the embodiment of this application in an open state.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 10: Battery cell; 11: First electrode; 12: First tab; 13: Second electrode; 14: Second tab; 15: Battery cell body; 16: Housing; 17: Separator;

[0031] 20: First switching element; 21: First contact terminal; 22: Second contact terminal;

[0032] 30: Insulation layer;

[0033] 40: Electrical equipment;

[0034] 50: Second switching element; 51: Third contact terminal; 52: Fourth contact terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the working principle of the battery system described in the embodiments of this application; refer to Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the battery cell described in an embodiment of this application is shown; refer to Figure 3 This shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first or second switch in a closed state according to an embodiment of this application; refer to Figure 4 The diagram shows a schematic diagram of the first or second switch in the embodiment of this application when it is in the off state.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a battery cell 10 is disclosed. The battery cell 10 includes a first tab 12; a first electrode 11, the first electrode 11 having an electrode led out through the first tab 12; and a first switch 20. In a first temperature range, the first switch 20 has a first configuration, and the first tab 12 and the first electrode 11 are electrically connected. In a second temperature range, the first switch 20 has a second configuration, and the first tab 12 and the first electrode 11 are non-conductively connected.

[0039] This application discloses a battery cell 10, which includes a first electrode 11. The first electrode 11 can be either the positive or negative electrode of the battery cell 10. In this application embodiment, there are no excessive restrictions on whether the first electrode 11 is the positive or negative electrode of the battery cell 10. In practical applications, technicians can configure it as needed.

[0040] The following will use the first electrode 11 as the positive electrode of the battery cell 10 as an example to illustrate the relevant embodiments of this application.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the first electrode 11 can lead out an electrode through the first tab 12. It can be understood that the first tab 12 is exposed to the battery cell 10, and the first electrode 11 leads out the positive terminal of the battery cell 10 through the first tab 12, so as to connect the battery cell 10 to the electrical device 40 through the first tab 12 to supply power to the electrical device 40.

[0042] In this embodiment, a first switching element 20 is disposed between the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12. The first switching element 20 can switch between a first state and a second state according to its own temperature value. The first state and the second state refer to different forms of the first switching element 20. When the first switching element 20 is within a first temperature range, it has the first state, and the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12 are electrically connected. When the first switching element 20 is within a second temperature range, it has the second state, and the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12 are not electrically connected.

[0043] It should be noted that the first and second forms of the first switch 20 in this embodiment are different. For example, the first form can be a closed form, and the second form can be an open form. The first form can be planar, and the second form can be curved. In this embodiment, no excessive restrictions are placed on the specific structures of the first and second forms. The following will use a closed first form and an open second form as an example to describe the embodiments of this application.

[0044] At least a portion of the first switching element 20 can sense its own temperature and switch between a closed state and an open state based on its own temperature value. When the first switching element 20 is within a first temperature range, the first switching element 20 is in the closed state, and the first switching element 20 connects the first electrode 11 and the first electrode tab 12, making the first electrode 11 and the first electrode tab 12 conductive. When the first switching element 20 is within a second temperature range, the first switching element 20 is in the open state, and the first electrode 11 and the first electrode tab 12 are not conductive.

[0045] It should be noted that the non-conductive connection between the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12 in this embodiment means that there is no electrical connection between the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12. In other words, any method that enables a non-conductive connection between the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12 falls within the scope of protection of this application. For example, the first tab 11 and the first tab 12 are disconnected. The following will use the disconnection of the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12 as an example to illustrate this application.

[0046] The first temperature range and the second temperature range can be the temperature range of the first switching element itself, or the temperature range of the environment surrounding the first switching element or the temperature range of the battery cell. This embodiment preferably uses the temperature range of the first switching element itself.

[0047] For example, the first switch 20 includes a first contact terminal 21 and a second contact terminal 22. The first contact terminal 21 is made of a common conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. The second contact terminal 22 is made of a shape memory alloy material. The first contact terminal 21 is connected to the first electrode tab 12, and the second contact terminal 22 is connected to the first electrode plate 11.

[0048] In the first initial state, the second contact end 22 is away from the first electrode 11, and the first switch 20 is in the open state. When the current flowing through the second contact end 22 changes, and the second contact end 22 senses that its own temperature is less than or equal to the first preset temperature, the second contact end 22 deforms and comes into contact with the first electrode 11, thereby causing the first switch 20 to switch to the closed state.

[0049] In the first initial state, the second contact end 22 abuts against the first electrode 11, and the first switch 20 is in the closed state. When the current flowing through the second contact end 22 changes, and the second contact end 22 senses that its own temperature value is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, the second contact end 22 deforms and moves away from the first electrode 11, thereby causing the first switch 20 to switch to the open state.

[0050] It should be noted that the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature in this embodiment are set by a technician as needed. In this embodiment, no excessive restrictions are placed on the specific temperature values ​​of the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature.

[0051] The battery cell 10 disclosed in this application includes a first tab 12, a first electrode 11, and a first switching element 20. The first electrode 11 has electrodes led out from the first tab 12. Within a first temperature range, the first switching element 20 has a first configuration to electrically connect the first tab 12 and the first electrode 11. Within a second temperature range, the first switching element 20 has a second configuration to non-conductively connect the first tab 12 and the first electrode 11. Through this configuration, the first tab 12 and the first electrode 11 can switch between conductive and non-conductive connections to protect the battery cell 10.

[0052] Furthermore, the first switching element 20 can switch between a first configuration and a second configuration to either make the first electrode 11 and the first tab 12 electrically connected or non-conductively connected. In other words, the first switching element 20 can be reused, which helps reduce the inconvenience of using and maintaining the battery cell 10 and improves the user experience.

[0053] Optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, at least a portion of the first switch 20 in this embodiment is made of shape memory alloy.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, at least a portion of the first switching element 20 is made of shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloy (SMA) is an alloy material that can completely eliminate the deformation that occurred at a lower temperature after heating and restore its original shape before deformation, i.e., an alloy with a "memory" effect.

[0055] For example, the shape memory alloy in the embodiments of this application can be a TiNi-based shape memory alloy, a copper-based shape memory alloy, an iron-based shape memory alloy, etc. In the embodiments of this application, no excessive restrictions are placed on the specific type of shape memory alloy. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select according to their needs.

[0056] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first switch 20 in this embodiment includes a first contact terminal 21 and a second contact terminal 22. The first contact terminal 21 is made of a common conductive material, and the second contact terminal 22 is made of a shape memory alloy. Alternatively, the first contact terminal 21 is made of a shape memory alloy, and the second contact terminal 22 is made of a common conductive material. Alternatively, both the first contact terminal 21 and the second contact terminal 22 are made of shape memory alloy.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, by making at least a portion of the first switching element 20 into a shape memory alloy, the shape memory alloy of the first switching element 20 can be reused repeatedly during the switching process between the closed and open states, thereby helping to reduce the inconvenience of the battery cell 10 in use and maintenance and improving the user experience.

[0058] Optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first switch 20 in this embodiment includes a first contact end 21, which is connected to the first electrode tab 12; and a second contact end 22, which is connected to the first electrode plate 11; the first contact end 21 and / or the second contact end 22 are made of shape memory alloy.

[0059] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the first switching element 20 in this embodiment includes a first contact end 21 and a second contact end 22, both of which are conductive. Exemplarily, the first contact end 21 is made of a common conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. The second contact end 22 is made of a shape memory alloy. Because the second contact end 22 is made of a shape memory alloy, it can switch its shape according to its temperature. When the temperature of the second contact end 22 is within a first temperature range, it switches to a closed state, abutting against the first electrode 11. When the temperature of the second contact end 22 is within a second temperature range, it switches to an open state, moving away from the first electrode 11.

[0060] For example, the first contact end 21 is made of a shape memory alloy, and the second contact end 22 is made of a common conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. Because the first contact end 21 is made of a shape memory alloy, it can switch its shape according to its temperature. When the temperature of the first contact end 21 is within a first temperature range, it switches to a closed state, abutting against the first tab 12. When the temperature of the first contact end 21 is within a second temperature range, it switches to an open state, moving away from the first tab 12.

[0061] Of course, both the first contact end 21 and the second contact end 22 can also be made of shape memory alloy. Further details will not be provided here.

[0062] Optionally, in this embodiment, the resistance of the first contact end 21 is R1, the length of the first contact end 21 is L1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first contact end 21 is S1, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact end 21 is ρ1, satisfying R1=ρ1*L1 / S1; and / or, the resistance of the second contact end 22 is R2, the length of the second contact end 22 is L2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second contact end 22 is S2, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact end 22 is ρ2, satisfying R2=ρ2*L2 / S2.

[0063] In this embodiment, the resistance of the first contact terminal 21 is set to R1, the length of the first contact terminal 21 is set to L1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first contact terminal 21 is set to S1, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact terminal 21 is set to ρ1, satisfying R1 = ρ1 * L1 / S1. Once the specific type of shape memory alloy used in the first contact terminal 21 is determined, the resistivity ρ1 of the shape memory alloy can be determined, and the relationship between the length L1 and the cross-sectional area S1 of the first contact terminal 21 can be determined according to R1 = ρ1 * L1 / S1, thereby determining the specific structure of the first contact terminal 21.

[0064] Similarly, the resistance of the second contact terminal 22 is set to R2, the length of the second contact terminal 22 is set to L2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second contact terminal 22 is set to S2, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact terminal 22 is set to ρ2, satisfying R2 = ρ2 * L2 / S2. Once the specific type of shape memory alloy used in the second contact terminal 22 is determined, the resistivity ρ2 of the shape memory alloy can be determined, and the relationship between the length L2 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second contact terminal 22 can be determined according to R2 = ρ2 * L2 / S2, thereby determining the specific structure of the second contact terminal 22.

[0065] Optionally, the resistance of the first contact terminal 21 is R3, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact terminal 21 is c3, the mass of the first contact terminal 21 is m3, the temperature change of the first contact terminal 21 is ΔT3, the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal 21 is I3, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal 21 is t3, satisfying R3=c3*m3*ΔT3 / I3 2 *t3; and / or, the resistance of the second contact terminal 22 is R4, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact terminal 22 is c4, the mass of the second contact terminal 22 is m4, the temperature change of the second contact terminal 22 is ΔT4, the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal 22 is I4, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal 22 is t4, satisfying R4=c4*m4*ΔT4 / I4 2 *t4.

[0066] To cause the first contact terminal 21 to deform at a second preset temperature, moving it away from the first electrode 12 and placing it in an open state, in this embodiment, the resistance of the first contact terminal 21 is set to R3, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact terminal 21 is set to c3, the mass of the first contact terminal 21 is set to m3, the temperature change of the first contact terminal 21 is set to ΔT3, the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal 21 is set to I3, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal 21 is set to t3, satisfying R3=c3*m3*ΔT3 / I3 2 *t3. Through the above settings, the first contact end 21 can deform at the second preset temperature to move away from the first tab 12 and be in an open state, thereby protecting the battery cell 10.

[0067] Similarly, to ensure that the second contact terminal 22 deforms at a second preset temperature, moving away from the first electrode 11 and remaining in an open state, in this embodiment, the resistance of the second contact terminal 22 is set to R4, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact terminal 22 is set to c4, the mass of the second contact terminal 22 is set to m4, the temperature change of the second contact terminal 22 is set to ΔT4, the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal 22 is set to I4, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal 22 is set to t4, satisfying R4=c4*m4*ΔT4 / I4 2 *t4. Through the above settings, the second contact end 22 can deform at the second preset temperature to move away from the first electrode 11 and be in an open state, thereby protecting the cell 10.

[0068] Optionally, in this embodiment, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is c5, the mass of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is m5, the temperature change of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is ΔT5, the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is I5, the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is t5, and the resistance of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is R5, satisfying c5=R5*I52*t5 / m5*ΔT5.

[0069] In this embodiment, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to c5, the mass of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to m5, the temperature change of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to ΔT5, the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to I5, the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to t5, and the resistance of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to R5, satisfying c5 = R5 * I5² * t5 / m5 * ΔT5. Through the above settings, the specific heat capacity c5 of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is determined, thereby facilitating the determination of the specific type of shape memory alloy.

[0070] Optionally, the resistance R6 of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is ρ6*L6 / S6, where the length of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is L6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is S6, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is ρ6.

[0071] In this embodiment, the resistance of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to R6, the length of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to L6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to S6, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 is set to ρ6, satisfying R6=ρ6*L6 / S6. Once the specific type of shape memory alloy selected in the first switching element 20 is determined, the resistivity ρ6 of the shape memory alloy can be determined. Based on R6=ρ6*L6 / S6, the relationship between the length L6 and the cross-sectional area S6 of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20 can be determined, thereby determining the specific structure of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element 20.

[0072] Optionally, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first switch 20 in this embodiment has a first initial state. When the temperature value of the first switch 20 is less than or equal to the first preset temperature, the first switch 20 switches from the first initial state to the first state.

[0073] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first switch 20 has a first initial state, which can be either a closed state or an open state.

[0074] For example, when the first initial state of the first switch 20 is the open state, when the temperature value of the first switch 20 itself is less than or equal to the first preset temperature, the first switch 20 switches from the open state to the closed state, and the first tab 12 is electrically connected to the first electrode 11 so that the battery cell 10 can work normally.

[0075] For example, when the first contact end 21 is made of a common conductive material and the second contact end 22 is made of a shape memory alloy, in the first initial state, the second contact end 22 is in an open state away from the first electrode 11. When the temperature of the second contact end 22 is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the second contact end 22 switches from the open state away from the first electrode 11 to a closed state abutting against the first electrode 11, making the first tab 12 conductively connected to the first electrode 11 so that the battery cell 10 can work normally.

[0076] It should be noted that the first preset temperature in this application embodiment is designed by technicians according to actual needs during the design process. In this application embodiment, no specific restrictions are placed on the value of the first preset temperature. For example, the first preset temperature can be 40 degrees, 43 degrees, 45 degrees, 47 degrees, 50 degrees, etc.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the first switching element 20 is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the first switching element 20 can switch from a first initial state to a first state. This allows the first switching element 20 to be used repeatedly, thereby helping to reduce the inconvenience of using and maintaining the battery cell 10 and improving the user experience.

[0078] Preferably, the first preset temperature in this embodiment is less than or equal to 45 degrees Celsius.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the first preset temperature is set to less than or equal to 45 degrees Celsius. Exemplarily, the first preset temperature can be 45 degrees Celsius, 43 degrees Celsius, or 40 degrees Celsius. Of course, the first preset temperature in this embodiment can also be any other value less than or equal to 45 degrees Celsius. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this; in practical applications, those skilled in the art can set the temperature as needed.

[0080] Optionally, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first switch 20 has a first initial state. When the temperature value of the first switch 20 is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the first switch 20 switches from the first initial state to the second state.

[0081] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first switch 20 has a first initial state, which can be either a closed state or an open state.

[0082] For example, when the first initial state of the first switch 20 is closed, when the temperature value of the first switch 20 itself is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, the first switch 20 switches from the closed state to the open state to disconnect the first tab 12 from the first electrode 11, thereby protecting the battery cell 10.

[0083] For example, when the first contact end 21 is made of a common conductive material and the second contact end 22 is made of a shape memory alloy, in the first initial state, the second contact end 22 is in a closed state abutting against the first electrode 11. When the temperature of the second contact end 22 is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the second contact end 22 switches from the closed state abutting against the first electrode 11 to an open state away from the first electrode 11, so that the first tab 12 is disconnected from the first electrode 11, thereby protecting the battery cell 10.

[0084] It should be noted that the second preset temperature in this embodiment is designed by a technician based on actual needs during the design process. In this embodiment, no specific value for the second preset temperature is limited. For example, the second preset temperature can be 145 degrees, 147 degrees, 150 degrees, 153 degrees, 155 degrees, etc.

[0085] In this embodiment of the application, when the temperature value of the first switching element 20 is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, the first switching element 20 switches from the first initial state to the second state, so that the first electrode tab 12 is disconnected from the first electrode plate 11, thereby protecting the battery cell 10.

[0086] Preferably, the second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 150 degrees.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the second preset temperature is set to be greater than or equal to 150 degrees Celsius. Exemplarily, the second preset temperature can be 150 degrees Celsius, 153 degrees Celsius, or 155 degrees Celsius. Of course, the second preset temperature in this embodiment can also be any value greater than or equal to 150 degrees Celsius. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this; in practical applications, those skilled in the art can set it as needed.

[0088] The following will use an example where the first contact end 21 is made of a common conductive material, the second contact end 22 is made of a shape memory alloy, the first preset temperature is 45 degrees, and the second preset temperature is 150 degrees to illustrate the embodiments of this application.

[0089] When the battery cell 10 is operating normally, its temperature is less than or equal to 45 degrees Celsius. The second contact terminal 22 of the first switching element 20 abuts against the first electrode 11, and the first switching element 20 is in a closed state. If an abnormality occurs inside the battery cell 10, the current flowing through the second contact terminal 22 increases. Due to the resistance of the second contact terminal 22 itself, it heats up, and its temperature rises sharply. When the temperature of the second contact terminal 22 reaches 150 degrees Celsius, the second contact terminal 22 deforms, moving away from the first electrode 11, and the first switching element 20 is in an open state to protect the battery cell 10. After the abnormality inside the battery cell 10 is resolved, the current flowing through the second contact terminal 22 decreases, and the temperature of the second contact terminal 22 gradually decreases. When the temperature drops to 45 degrees Celsius, the second contact terminal 22 deforms again, abutting against the first electrode 11, and the first switching element 20 is in a closed state, allowing the battery cell 10 to continue operating normally.

[0090] Optionally, such as Figure 2As shown, the battery cell 10 disclosed in this application embodiment also includes a second tab 14; a second electrode 13, the second electrode 13 having electrodes led out through the second tab 14; and an insulating layer 30 disposed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 13.

[0091] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell 10 disclosed in this application embodiment further includes a second electrode 13. When the first electrode 11 is the positive electrode of the battery cell 10, the second electrode 13 is the negative electrode of the battery cell 10. When the first electrode 11 is the negative electrode of the battery cell 10, the second electrode 13 is the positive electrode of the battery cell 10.

[0092] The following will use the first electrode 11 as the positive electrode of the battery cell 10 and the second electrode 13 as the negative electrode of the battery cell 10 as an example to illustrate the embodiments of this application.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first electrode 11 is capable of storing and releasing charge, and the active material is generally lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, or lithium iron phosphate, depending on the type of the battery cell 10. The second electrode 13 is used to store charge and is generally made of graphite.

[0094] like Figure 2 As shown, the first electrode 11 leads out the positive terminal of the battery cell 10 through the first tab 12, and the second electrode 13 leads out the negative terminal of the battery cell 10 through the second tab 14. Both the first tab 12 and the second tab 14 are exposed outside the battery cell 10, so that the battery cell 10 can be connected to the electrical device 40 through the first tab 12 and the second tab 14 to supply power to the electrical device 40.

[0095] In this embodiment, an insulating layer 30 is provided between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 13 to block the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 13 and prevent leakage of the battery cell 10.

[0096] It should be noted that the insulating layer 30 in this embodiment has insulating properties. For example, the insulating layer 30 can be an insulating adhesive layer. Of course, in this embodiment, there are no excessive restrictions on the specific material of the insulating layer 30. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs.

[0097] Optionally, in this embodiment, a second switching element 50 is connected between the second tab 14 and the second electrode 13; within a third temperature range, the second switching element 50 has a third configuration, and the second tab 14 and the second electrode 13 are electrically connected; within a fourth temperature range, the second switching element 50 has a fourth configuration, and the second tab 14 and the second electrode 13 are non-conductively connected.

[0098] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the second electrode 13 can lead out an electrode through the second tab 14. It can be understood that the second tab 14 is exposed to the battery cell 10, and the second electrode 13 leads out the negative terminal of the battery cell 10 through the second tab 14, so as to connect the battery cell 10 to the electrical device 40 through the second tab 14 to supply power to the electrical device 40.

[0099] In this embodiment, a second switching element 50 is provided between the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14. The second switching element 50 can switch between a third form and a fourth form according to its own temperature value. The third form and the fourth form are different forms of the first switching element 20.

[0100] When the second switching element 50 is in a third temperature range, the second switching element 50 has a third configuration, and the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14 are electrically connected. When the second switching element 50 is in a fourth temperature range, the second switching element 50 has a fourth configuration, and the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14 are non-conductively connected.

[0101] It should be noted that the third and fourth forms of the second switch 50 in this embodiment are different. For example, the third form can be a closed form, and the fourth form can be an open form. The third form can be planar, and the fourth form can be curved. In this embodiment, no excessive restrictions are placed on the specific structures of the third and fourth forms. The following will use a closed third form and an open fourth form as an example to describe the embodiments of this application.

[0102] At least a portion of the second switching element 50 can sense its own temperature and switch between a closed and open state based on its temperature value. When the second switching element 50 is within a third temperature range, it is in a closed state, connecting the second electrode 13 and the second tab 14, thus conducting electricity. When the second switching element 50 is within a fourth temperature range, it is in an open state, disconnecting the connection between the second electrode 13 and the second tab 14, thus preventing electricity from flowing between them.

[0103] It should be noted that the non-conductive connection between the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14 in this embodiment means that there is no electrical connection between the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14. In other words, any method that enables a non-conductive connection between the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14 falls within the scope of protection of this application. For example, the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14 are disconnected. The following will use the disconnection of the second electrode 13 and the second electrode tab 14 as an example to illustrate this application.

[0104] It should be noted that the third and fourth preset temperatures in this application embodiment are set by technicians as needed. In this application embodiment, no excessive restrictions are placed on the specific temperature values ​​of the third and fourth preset temperatures.

[0105] In this embodiment, the second electrode 13 leads out an electrode through the second tab 14. Within a third temperature range, the second switching element 50 has a third configuration to electrically connect the second tab 14 and the second electrode 13. Within a second temperature range, the second switching element 50 has a fourth configuration to non-conductively connect the second tab 14 and the second electrode 13. Through this configuration, the second tab 14 and the second electrode 13 can switch between conductive and non-conductive connections to protect the battery cell 10.

[0106] Furthermore, the second switching element 50 can switch between a third and a fourth configuration to either electrically connect the second electrode 13 and the second tab 14 or to make them non-conductively connected. In other words, the second switching element 50 can be reused, which helps reduce inconvenience in the use and maintenance of the battery cell 10 and improves the user experience.

[0107] Optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, at least a portion of the second switch 50 in this embodiment is made of shape memory alloy.

[0108] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, at least a portion of the second switching element 50 is made of shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloy (SMA) is an alloy material that can completely eliminate the deformation that occurred at a lower temperature after heating and restore its original shape before deformation, i.e., an alloy with a "memory" effect.

[0109] For example, the shape memory alloy in the embodiments of this application can be a TiNi-based shape memory alloy, a copper-based shape memory alloy, an iron-based shape memory alloy, etc. In the embodiments of this application, no excessive restrictions are placed on the specific type of shape memory alloy. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select according to their needs.

[0110] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the second switch 50 in this embodiment includes a third contact terminal 51 and a fourth contact terminal 52. The third contact terminal 51 is made of a common conductive material, and the fourth contact terminal 52 is made of a shape memory alloy. Alternatively, the third contact terminal 51 is made of a shape memory alloy, and the fourth contact terminal 52 is made of a common conductive material. Alternatively, both the third contact terminal 51 and the fourth contact terminal 52 are made of shape memory alloy.

[0111] In this embodiment, by using shape memory alloy to make at least a portion of the second switch 50, the shape memory alloy of the second switch 50 can be reused repeatedly during the switching process between the closed and open states, thereby helping to reduce the inconvenience of the battery cell 10 in use and maintenance and improving the user experience.

[0112] Optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the second switch 50 in this embodiment includes a third contact end 51, which is connected to the second electrode tab 14; and a fourth contact end 52, which is connected to the second electrode plate 13; the third contact end 51 and / or the fourth contact end 52 are made of shape memory alloy.

[0113] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the second switch 50 in this embodiment includes a third contact terminal 51 and a fourth contact terminal 52, both of which are conductive. Exemplarily, the third contact terminal 51 is made of a common conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. The fourth contact terminal 52 is made of a shape memory alloy. Because the fourth contact terminal 52 is made of a shape memory alloy, it can switch its shape according to its temperature. When the temperature of the fourth contact terminal 52 is within a third temperature range, it switches to a closed state, abutting against the second electrode 13. When the temperature of the fourth contact terminal 52 is within a fourth temperature range, it switches to an open state, moving away from the second electrode 13.

[0114] For example, the third contact terminal 51 is made of a shape memory alloy, and the fourth contact terminal 52 is made of a common conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. Because the third contact terminal 51 is made of a shape memory alloy, it can switch its shape according to its temperature. When the temperature of the third contact terminal 51 is within a third temperature range, it switches to a closed state, abutting against the second tab 14. When the temperature of the third contact terminal 51 is within a second temperature range, it switches to an open state, moving away from the second tab 14.

[0115] Of course, both the third contact end 51 and the fourth contact end 52 can also be made of shape memory alloy. Further details will not be provided here.

[0116] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell 10 in this embodiment includes a battery cell body 15 and a housing 16, with the housing 16 covering the outside of the battery cell body 15.

[0117] like Figure 2As shown, the battery cell 10 in this embodiment includes a battery cell body 15 and a housing 16. The housing 16 is disposed on the outside of the battery cell body 15, and the housing 16 encapsulates the battery cell body 15 to protect the internal structure of the battery cell body 15.

[0118] It should be noted that the housing 16 in this embodiment can be made of metal, for example, aluminum. The housing 16 can also be made of plastic, for example, polyethylene. Of course, this embodiment does not impose excessive restrictions on the specific material of the housing 16; in practical applications, those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs.

[0119] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a separator 17 is also provided inside the battery cell body 15. The separator 17 is a specially shaped polymer film with a microporous structure, allowing ions to pass through freely.

[0120] This application discloses a battery cell and a battery system. The battery cell includes a first tab; a first electrode, the first electrode having an electrode led out through the first tab; and a first switching element. In a first temperature range, the first switching element has a first configuration, and the first tab and the first electrode are electrically connected. In a second temperature range, the first switching element has a second configuration, and the first tab and the first electrode are non-conductively connected.

[0121] The battery cell disclosed in this application includes a first tab, a first electrode, and a first switching element. The first electrode leads out an electrode through the first tab. Within a first temperature range, the first switching element has a first configuration to electrically connect the first tab and the first electrode. Within a second temperature range, the first switching element has a second configuration to non-conductively connect the first tab and the first electrode. This configuration allows the first tab and the first electrode to switch between conductive and non-conductive connections, thereby protecting the battery cell.

[0122] Furthermore, the first switching element can switch between a first configuration and a second configuration to either make the first electrode and the first tab electrically connected or non-conductively connected. In other words, the first switching element can be reused, which helps reduce inconvenience in the use and maintenance of the battery cell and improves the user experience.

[0123] This application also discloses a battery system, which includes an electrical device 40 and a battery cell 10 as described in the above embodiments. The electrical device 40 is electrically connected to a first electrode 12.

[0124] like Figure 1As shown, this application discloses a battery system including the battery cell 10 and the electrical device 40 described in the above embodiments. One end of the electrical device 40 is electrically connected to the first tab 12 of the battery cell 10, and the other end of the electrical device 40 is electrically connected to the second tab 14 of the battery cell 10. The battery cell 10 and the electrical device form a circuit.

[0125] It should be noted that the battery system disclosed in this application includes the same structure as the battery cell 10 described in the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are also the same or similar. Further details will not be provided here.

[0126] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0127] Although alternative embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the alternative embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or terminal device that includes that element.

[0129] The technical solution provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the principle and implementation of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: First pole ear; The first electrode plate has an electrode that can be led out through the first electrode tab to connect the battery cell to the electrical device. A first switching element, comprising: a first contact terminal connected to a first electrode tab; and a second contact terminal connected to a first electrode plate; the first contact terminal and / or the second contact terminal are made of a shape memory alloy; when the current flowing through the second contact terminal changes, and the second contact terminal senses that its own temperature is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the second contact terminal deforms and abuts against the first electrode plate, thereby causing the first switching element to switch to a closed state; when the current flowing through the second contact terminal changes, and the second contact terminal senses that its own temperature is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the second contact terminal deforms and moves away from the first electrode plate, thereby causing the first switching element to switch to an open state; Wherein, at least a portion of the first switching element is made of shape memory alloy, the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is c5 = R5 * I5² * t5 / m5 * ΔT5, the mass of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is m5, the temperature change of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is ΔT5, the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is I5, the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is t5, and the resistance of the shape memory alloy in the first switching element is R5.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance of the first contact end is R1 = ρ1 * L1 / S1, where the length of the first contact end is L1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first contact end is S1, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact end is ρ1. And / or, the resistance of the second contact end is R2 = ρ2 * L2 / S2, where the length of the second contact end is L2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second contact end is S2, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact end is ρ2.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance of the first contact terminal is R3 = c3 * m3 * ΔT3 / I3² * t3, where the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the first contact terminal is c3, the mass of the first contact terminal is m3, the temperature change of the first contact terminal is ΔT3, the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal is I3, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the first contact terminal is t3. And / or, the resistance of the second contact terminal is R4 = c4 * m4 * ΔT4 / I4² * t4, where the specific heat capacity of the shape memory alloy in the second contact terminal is c4, the mass of the second contact terminal is m4, the temperature change of the second contact terminal is ΔT4, the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal is I4, and the duration of the short-circuit current flowing through the second contact terminal is t4.

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance R6 of the shape memory alloy in the first switching device is R6 = ρ6 * L6 / S6, where the length of the shape memory alloy in the first switching device is L6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the shape memory alloy in the first switching device is S6, and the resistivity of the shape memory alloy in the first switching device is ρ6.

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset temperature is less than or equal to 45 degrees Celsius.

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 150 degrees.

7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes: Second pole ear; The second electrode plate, the second electrode plate can lead out an electrode through the second electrode tab; An insulating layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second switching element is connected between the second electrode tab and the second electrode plate; Within a third temperature range, the second switching element has a third configuration, wherein the second tab and the second electrode are electrically connected; Within a fourth temperature range, the second switching element has a fourth configuration, wherein the second tab and the second electrode are non-conductively connected.

9. The battery cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least a portion of the second switch is made of shape memory alloy.

10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second switching element includes: The third contact end is connected to the second electrode tab; The fourth contact terminal is connected to the second electrode plate; The third contact end and / or the fourth contact end are made of shape memory alloy.

11. A battery system, characterized in that, include: Electrical equipment; The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the electrical device is electrically connected to the first tab.

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