Aeration drip irrigation device and method for crops in saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil crop oxygenation drip irrigation device and method.The saline-alkali soil crop oxygenation drip irrigation device comprises a tank body arranged on a support, the tank body is of a hollow structure, multiple media are contained in the tank body, multiple pipeline assemblies are installed on the side wall of the tank body, and the multiple pipeline assemblies comprise a water inlet pipeline and a fertilizer supply pipeline; the water inlet pipeline and the fertilizer supply pipeline are detachably connected with the tank body, the oxygen supply system is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer supply pipeline, the output end of the oxygen supply system is connected with the tank body, one end of the mixing pipeline is provided with an irrigation assembly located in the saline-alkali soil, and the irrigation assembly is communicated with the interior of the tank body through the mixing pipeline. According to the application, the pipeline assembly and the oxygen supply system are matched with each other, so that water, fertilizer and oxygen three-in-one accurate regulation and uniform mixing are realized, the water and air environment of saline-alkali soil crop root zone soil can be effectively improved, the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali soil water resources and fertilizers is remarkably improved, nutrients and respirability of crop roots are ensured, and dry matter accumulation and yield of crops are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and in particular to a device and method for oxygenating crops in saline-alkali land by drip irrigation. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to land with excessive accumulation of salt and alkaline substances in the soil. It usually has poor water permeability and low fertility, which seriously affects the growth of crops. With the increasingly serious global climate change and water shortage problems, irrigation and land management of saline-alkali land have become an important issue in agricultural production.

[0003] In the relevant technology, in order to improve the yield and quality of crops in saline-alkali land, drip irrigation devices are widely used. Drip irrigation devices can accurately deliver water and fertilizer to the vicinity of the roots of crops, reduce water evaporation and fertilizer loss, and improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and fertilizers. Chinese invention patent CN201820607948.7 relates to a drip irrigation device for saline-alkali land. By increasing the oxygen content of the liquid in the water tank of the drip irrigation device, the absorption capacity of plant roots and stems for water and fertilizer is improved, and the ability to transport liquid over long distances is also improved.

[0004] However, traditional drip irrigation devices and methods do not have oxygen enrichment settings when used in saline-alkali land, resulting in limited effective oxygen content reaching the roots of crops, and are unable to significantly improve the hypoxic conditions of saline-alkali soil. In addition, the mixture of introduced gas (oxygen or air) and fertilizer is unstable. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that there is no oxygen enrichment device, resulting in limited effective oxygen content reaching the roots of crops, the hypoxia of saline-alkali soil cannot be significantly improved, and the mixing of introduced gas (oxygen or air) and fertilizer is unstable, the present invention provides a saline-alkali land crop oxygen enrichment drip irrigation device and method, and the technical scheme adopted is as follows: According to the first aspect of the present application, the present application provides a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device, comprising: Bracket; A tank body is arranged on the bracket, the tank body is a hollow structure, and a plurality of media are contained in the tank body; A plurality of pipeline assemblies are installed on the side wall of the tank body, wherein the plurality of pipeline assemblies include a water inlet pipeline and a fertilizer supply pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline and the fertilizer supply pipeline are both detachably connected to the tank body; An oxygen supply system is installed on the side of the fertilizer supply pipeline, and the output end of the oxygen supply system is connected to the tank body; A mixing pipe is located at a side of the tank body away from the oxygen supply system. An irrigation component located in the saline-alkali land is installed at one end of the mixing pipe. The irrigation component is communicated with the interior of the tank body through the mixing pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device also includes a jet device, which is located between the pipeline assembly and the tank body, and the input end of the jet device is connected to the water inlet pipeline, the fertilizer supply pipeline and the oxygen supply system, and the output end is connected to the interior of the tank body.

[0007] Preferably, a gas-liquid mixing pump is installed between the jet device and the tank body, and the gas-liquid mixing pump is used to collect and mix the multiple media.

[0008] Preferably, the water inlet pipeline comprises a water tank, a first pipe fitting and a water regulating valve, the water tank is connected to the jet device through the first pipe fitting, and the water regulating valve is installed on the first pipe fitting; The fertilizer supply pipeline includes a fertilizer supply box, a second pipe fitting and a fertilizer supply regulating valve. The fertilizer supply box is connected to the jet device through the second pipe fitting, and the fertilizer supply regulating valve is installed on the second pipe fitting.

[0009] Preferably, the oxygen supply system comprises an oxygen supply box and a third pipe fitting, the oxygen supply box is connected to the jet device through the third pipe fitting, and the third pipe fitting is provided with an oxygen supply regulating valve and a flow meter for monitoring various oxygen parameters.

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a control system, and the control system is electrically connected to the gas-liquid mixing pump and the flow meter. Preferably, the irrigation assembly comprises a main irrigation pipe and a plurality of branch irrigation pipes, the main irrigation pipe is provided with a plurality of through holes at intervals, and the plurality of branch irrigation pipes are connected to the mixing pipe through the through holes; and / or the mixing pipe is provided with a plurality of openings; Wherein, a mixing regulating valve for adjusting various values ​​of the mixed medium is installed on the mixing pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, a stirring device is arranged inside the tank body, and the stirring device includes a motor, a stirring shaft and stirring blades. The motor is located at the top of the tank body, the output end of the motor is connected to the stirring shaft, and the stirring blades are arranged around the axial direction of the stirring shaft.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present application, the present application provides a method for oxygenating crops in saline-alkali land by drip irrigation, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1 Variety and soil selection: Select Liyuan 296 corn variety and use Dongying coastal saline-alkali soil as potting soil or plant in the field; Step 2 Fertilization operation: When using potted plants, apply urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride as base fertilizer to each pot. After fully dissolved, use a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device to spray evenly. After application, turn the soil to make the fertilizer sink to the soil layer below 10cm. After fertilization, water to replenish moisture so that the volume moisture content of the 0-10cm soil layer of each pot is maintained at 25%-30%; Step 3: Seeding treatment: Before sowing, germinate the full and complete seeds at 28℃, select seeds with a germination length between 0.5-1cm, and sow them. Draw furrows when sowing, with four rows in each pot and a depth of 2cm. Sow 8 seeds in each row, a total of 32 seeds in one pot. When the corn grows to one leaf and one heart, remove the seedlings, leaving 8 seedlings in each pot; Step 4: Drip irrigation and aeration treatment: drip irrigation was used to control the volumetric moisture content of the potted soil at about 25%. Two aeration treatments were performed during the V6 period of corn. The dissolved oxygen content of the irrigation water in the aeration treatment was set as control (no aeration) and aeration (15 mg / L). Each treatment was repeated four times. The dissolved oxygen content of the soil was measured once before the aeration treatment. Step 5 Plant sampling and measurement: At the beginning of the V7 period of corn, 8 corn plants with uniform growth were selected for plant sampling to measure the root morphology and aboveground dry matter weight.

[0013] Preferably, when farmland planting is adopted, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: adopt an equal row spacing planting mode, with a row spacing of 60 cm, a spacing of 23 cm, a planting density of 4,800 plants per mu, and a pipe laying mode in which one pipe is laid in one row at a distance of 10 cm from the corn; Step 2: setting up non-oxygen treatment and oxygen treatment, and each treatment was repeated four times; Step 3: Calculate the amount of fertilizer according to the nutrient balance method and sow seeds and fertilizers simultaneously; Step 4: before and after corn harvest, all irrigation components in the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device are removed and recycled.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advances: The present invention cooperates with the pipeline assembly and the oxygen supply system to achieve precise regulation and uniform mixing of water, fertilizer and oxygen three-in-one, which can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and fertilizers and reduce waste, thereby ensuring the nutrients and respiration of the roots of crops, thereby improving the soil environment of saline-alkali land and promoting the healthy growth of crops, thereby improving the growth efficiency and yield of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0016] In the attached picture: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a drip irrigation device for increasing oxygen for crops in saline-alkali land according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a drip irrigation device for increasing oxygen for crops in saline-alkali land in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a drip irrigation device for increasing oxygen for crops in saline-alkali land according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a tank body in another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a bar graph of the dissolved oxygen content in the soil during the V6 period of the present invention during the oxygenated drip irrigation.

[0017] In the figure: 1. bracket; 2. tank body; 3. pipeline assembly; 31. water inlet pipeline; 311. water tank; 312. first pipe fitting; 313. water regulating valve; 32. fertilizer supply pipeline; 321. fertilizer supply box; 322. second pipe fitting; 323. fertilizer supply regulating valve; 4. oxygen supply system; 41. oxygen supply box; 42. third pipe fitting; 43. oxygen supply regulating valve; 44. flow meter; 5. mixing pipeline; 51. opening; 52. mixing regulating valve; 6. irrigation assembly; 61. main irrigation pipe; 62. branch irrigation pipe; 7. jet equipment; 8. gas-liquid mixing pump; 9. stirring equipment; 91. motor; 92. stirring shaft; 93. stirring blade; 10. check valve; 11. control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device, including a bracket 1, a tank body 2, a pipeline assembly 3, an oxygen supply system 4 and a mixing pipe 5, wherein the bracket 1 is used to support the entire oxygenation drip irrigation device with stability, so that the entire device can remain firm and durable in the environment of saline-alkali land, the tank body 2 is arranged on the bracket 1, the tank body 2 is a hollow structure, and a variety of media (such as fertilizer, water and oxygen) are contained in the tank body 2, and the shape of the tank body 2 can be a cylindrical hollow structure, a square hollow structure, etc., and can be adaptively set as required. In one example, the tank body 2 is a cylindrical hollow structure and is made of stainless steel. The stainless steel material has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high strength. During the use of the device, the tank body 2 can adapt to the corrosiveness of the saline-alkali environment, thereby effectively preventing the accumulation of salt and facilitating subsequent cleaning. In one example, an air valve is installed on the upper part of the tank body 2 to remove unmixed gas.

[0020] A plurality of pipeline assemblies 3 are installed on the side wall of the tank body 2. The plurality of pipeline assemblies 3 include a water inlet pipeline 31 and a fertilizer supply pipeline 32. The water inlet pipeline 31 is used to introduce a water source into the tank body 2. The fertilizer supply pipeline 32 is used to introduce a fertilizer solution into the tank body 2, thereby ensuring that the fertilizer and water are fully mixed and evenly distributed. In the assembled state, the water inlet pipeline 31 and the fertilizer supply pipeline 32 are both detachably connected to the tank body 2, so that the operator can perform maintenance, cleaning, installation and replacement. Among them, an oxygen supply system 4 is provided on the side of the fertilizer supply pipeline 32. The oxygen supply system 4 can provide oxygen through an air compressor or an oxygen generator. , and the output end of the oxygen supply system 4 is connected to the tank body 2. During the use of the device, the oxygen supply system 4 can adjust the oxygen flow rate according to demand, so as to ensure that oxygen is provided while irrigating crops, thereby improving the breathing efficiency of the roots of crops and promoting the growth and development of the root system. A mixing pipe 5 is provided on the side of the tank body 2 away from the oxygen supply system 4. The mixing pipe 5 is used to fully mix oxygen, fertilizer and water to ensure that oxygen and nutrients in the irrigation water are evenly distributed. An irrigation component 6 located in the saline-alkali land is installed at one end of the mixing pipe 5, and the irrigation component 6 is connected to the interior of the tank body 2 through the mixing pipe 5.

[0021] During the use of the oxygen-enhancing irrigation device, the operator first checks the connection status of the water inlet pipeline 31 and the fertilizer supply pipeline 32 with the tank body 2 to ensure that the connection is firm to prevent water or fertilizer leakage, and at the same time starts the oxygen supply system 4, checks the working status of the oxygen generator or compressor, and ensures that the oxygen system 4 can provide oxygen normally, then starts the water inlet pipeline 31 and the fertilizer supply pipeline 32, introduces the water source and the fertilizer solution into the tank body 2 for mixing, and at the same time starts the oxygen supply system 4, injects oxygen into the tank body 2, and fully contacts and evenly distributes with the water source and the fertilizer solution to form a mixed solution, and finally distributes the mixed solution in the tank body 2 through the mixing pipe 5 and the irrigation component 6 to the soil with crops, so as to ensure the nutrients and respiration of the roots of the crops, thereby improving the soil environment of the saline-alkali land and improving the growth efficiency and yield of the crops.

[0022] Preferably, continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3 The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device also includes a jet device 7, which is located between the pipeline assembly 3 and the tank body 2. The input end of the jet device 7 is connected to the water inlet pipeline 31, the fertilizer supply pipeline 32 and the oxygen supply system 4, and the output end is connected to the interior of the tank body 2. The jet device 7 has a strong thrust and sprays high-speed airflow, sprays oxygen, water and fertilizer at high speed and stirs them into the tank body 2 with a mixing device to achieve mixing, and at the same time, the solubility of oxygen is significantly improved, and the water flow transportation effect is improved, the waste of fertilizer is avoided, and the problem of component and system blockage is reduced.

[0023] Preferably, Figure 1 and 2As shown, a gas-liquid mixing pump 8 is installed between the jet device 7 and the tank body 2. The gas-liquid mixing pump 8 mixes multiple media through the principle of fluid dynamics to form a stable and uniform mixed medium. During use, oxygen, water and fertilizer are sprayed into the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 at high speed through the jet device 7 and form a strong vortex, thereby achieving mixing. The mixed medium processed by the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 is transported to the tank body 2 to ensure the continuous supply of oxygen, fertilizer and water, thereby improving the subsequent irrigation effect.

[0024] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the water inlet pipeline 31 includes a water tank 311, a first pipe fitting 312 and a water regulating valve 313. The water tank 311 is connected to the jet device 7 through the first pipe fitting 312. The first pipe fitting 312 serves as a conveying channel to convey the water in the water tank 311 to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 through the jet device 7. The water regulating valve 313 is installed on the first pipe fitting 312 to control the water flow rate and adjust the water supply speed so that the operator can adjust the water flow speed and flow rate through the water regulating valve 313 as needed.

[0025] The fertilizer supply pipeline 32 includes a fertilizer supply box 321, a second pipe 322 and a fertilizer supply regulating valve 323. The fertilizer supply box 321 is connected to the jet device 7 through the second pipe 322. The second pipe 322 transports the fertilizer solution in the fertilizer supply box 321 to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 through the jet device 7 to mix with the water source. The fertilizer supply regulating valve 323 is installed on the second pipe 322 to adjust the flow rate and flow of the fertilizer solution as required. In one example, the first pipe 312 and the second pipe 322 are both provided with a check valve 10, and the check valve 10 is located between the water tank 311 and the water regulating valve 313, and between the fertilizer supply box 321 and the fertilizer supply regulating valve 323, so as to effectively prevent the backflow of the water source and the fertilizer solution.

[0026] Preferably, the oxygen supply system 4 includes an oxygen supply box 41 and a third pipe fitting 42. The oxygen supply box 41 is the source of oxygen in the system, and stores and supplies the required oxygen. The oxygen supply box 41 is connected to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 through the third pipe fitting 42. The third pipe fitting 42 is provided with an oxygen supply regulating valve 43 for accurately adjusting the oxygen supply. By adjusting the oxygen supply regulating valve 43, the oxygen input can be flexibly adjusted according to the growth needs of crops and soil conditions to ensure the balance of oxygen supply and avoid excessive or insufficient oxygen supply to affect crop growth. The third pipe fitting 42 is also provided with a flow meter 44, which is used to monitor and display oxygen flow and other related parameters in real time, such as oxygen concentration, pressure, etc. The operator can clearly understand the oxygen supply situation and make adjustments according to actual needs, thereby improving the oxygen enrichment effect of crops.

[0027] Preferably, a control system 11 is also included, and the control system 11 is electrically connected to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8, the flow meter 44 and the motor 91, so that the operator can monitor and control various parameters of the equipment in real time.

[0028] Preferably, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device irrigates crops through an irrigation assembly 6. In one example, the irrigation assembly 6 includes a main irrigation pipe 61 and a plurality of branch irrigation pipes 62. A plurality of through holes 611 are arranged at intervals on the main irrigation pipe 61. The plurality of branch irrigation pipes 62 are connected to the mixing pipe 61 through the through holes 611. The mixed medium of water, fertilizer and oxygen can flow from the main irrigation pipe 61 to each branch irrigation pipe 62 through the through holes 611, ensuring that the water, fertilizer and oxygen supply of each branch irrigation pipe 62 is balanced and covers each crop area. The branch irrigation pipe 62 evenly distributes the mixed medium to the roots of the crops, thereby achieving precise irrigation to avoid water and fertilizer waste and improve irrigation efficiency. In another example, a plurality of openings 51 are arranged on the mixing pipe 5. When in use, the mixing pipe 5 can be directly placed in a field with crops. The mixed medium can be flexibly sprayed according to the needs of the crops through the openings 51 on the mixing pipe 5, ensuring that each crop area is evenly irrigated. Among them, a mixing regulating valve 52 for adjusting various values ​​of the mixed medium is installed on the mixing pipe 51. The mixing regulating valve 52 is mainly used to adjust various parameters of the mixed medium (such as water, fertilizer and oxygen), such as flow, pressure and concentration. The operator flexibly adjusts the flow of the mixed medium according to factors such as soil type, crop growth stage and environmental changes to make it more suitable for the needs of crops, thereby helping crops to better absorb nutrients and water and promote root health.

[0029] Preferably, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a stirring device 9 is provided inside the tank body 2. The stirring device 9 mixes the water, fertilizer, oxygen and other media stored in the tank body 2 to form a suitable mixed medium to supply to the roots of the crops. The stirring device 9 includes a motor 91, a stirring shaft 92 and stirring blades 93. The motor 91 is located at the top of the tank body 2 so as to provide sufficient power to drive the stirring shaft 82. The output end of the motor 91 is connected to the stirring shaft 92. The stirring blades 93 are arranged around the axial direction of the stirring shaft 92 to ensure uniform stirring of the mixed medium. During use, the water inlet pipeline 31 and the fertilizer supply pipeline 32 transport water and fertilizer to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 at high speed through the jet device 7. At the same time, the oxygen in the oxygen supply system 4 is also transported to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 through the jet device 7 as needed, and then enters the tank body 2 through the pipeline for subsequent mixing and removal of unmixed gases. The operator turns on the motor 91 to make the stirring shaft 92 drive the stirring blade 93 to rotate, so that water, fertilizer and gas are mixed to form a stable mixed medium, and then the mixed medium is flowed into the field of crops through the mixing pipe or irrigation component, thereby realizing oxygen-enhanced irrigation of crops.

[0030] The working principle of a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device provided in this application is: like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, first assemble the various components, and the operator checks the connection status of the water inlet pipeline 31 and the fertilizer supply pipeline 32 with the tank body 2 to ensure that the connection is firm to prevent water or fertilizer leakage. At the same time, start the oxygen supply system 4, check the working status of the oxygen generator or compressor, and ensure that the oxygen system 4 can provide oxygen normally.

[0031] Afterwards, the water inlet pipeline 31, the fertilizer supply pipeline 32 and the oxygen supply system 4 are started, and the water source, the fertilizer solution and the oxygen flow into the jet device 7 through the first pipe fitting 312, the second pipe fitting 322 and the third pipe fitting 42. The jet device 7 then transports the water source, the fertilizer solution and the oxygen to the gas-liquid mixing pump 8 at high speed for mixing, thereby forming a mixed medium and injecting it into the tank body 2. Alternatively, the jet device 7 transports the water source, the fertilizer solution and the oxygen to the tank body 2 at high speed, and the stirring blades 93 in the tank body 2 rotate the water flow to further mix the water source, the fertilizer solution and the oxygen, and remove the unmixed gas from the top, thereby forming a stable mixed medium.

[0032] Finally, the mixed medium in the tank 2 is distributed to the soil with crops through the mixing pipe 5 or the irrigation component 6, and oxygenated irrigation is performed to ensure the nutrients and respiration of the roots of the crops, thereby improving the soil environment of the saline-alkali land and increasing the growth efficiency and yield of the crops.

[0033] The present application provides a method for oxygenating crops in saline-alkali land by drip irrigation, which can be used in different planting modes. Example

[0034] Step 1 Variety and soil selection: The crop selected in this application is the Liyuan 296 corn variety, and the Dongying coastal saline-alkali soil is used as potting soil for planting.

[0035] In this application, the crop selected is the Liyuan 296 corn variety, which has excellent stress resistance. The potting soil used for planting is Dongying coastal saline-alkali soil, which has a high salt content and alkaline characteristics, and can simulate actual saline-alkali land conditions to provide a real growth environment for the experiment.

[0036] Step 2 Fertilization operation: When using potted plants, apply urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride as base fertilizer to each pot. After fully dissolved, use a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device to spray evenly. After application, turn the soil to make the fertilizer sink to the soil layer below 10cm. After fertilization, water to replenish moisture so that the volume moisture content of the 0-10cm soil layer of each pot is maintained at 25% - 30%; According to the required base fertilizer, an appropriate ratio can be selected. For example, in the base fertilizer, 35.73g of urea, 8.50g of monoammonium phosphate, and 30.50g of potassium chloride are used and evenly mixed with an appropriate amount of water in a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device to ensure dissolution. Then, the mixed solution is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the potted soil using the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device. After fertilization, the soil is plowed to allow the fertilizer to penetrate into the soil layer below 10cm to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly distributed in the root growth area. After fertilization, water is applied to ensure that the volume moisture content of the 0-10cm soil layer in each pot is maintained at 25%-30%, thereby meeting the growth needs of corn and avoiding the effects of insufficient or excessive water.

[0037] Step 3: Seeding treatment: Before sowing, germinate the complete and full seeds at 28℃, and select seeds with a sprout length between 0.5-1cm for sowing. Draw furrows when sowing, with four rows in each pot and a depth of 2cm per row. Sow 8 seeds in each row, a total of 32 seeds in one pot. When the corn grows to one leaf and one heart, remove the seedlings, leaving 8 seedlings in each pot; The full corn seeds were placed in a 28°C environment for germination for 48 hours, which helped to promote the germination and development of the seeds. Seeds with a germination length of 0.5-1 cm were selected for sowing. When sowing, a furrow was made in each pot, with four rows in each pot, and the depth of each row was 2 cm. Eight seeds were sown in each row, and a total of 32 seeds were sown in each pot. When the corn grew to one leaf and one heart, thinning was carried out, and eight well-growing seedlings were retained in each pot.

[0038] Step 4: Drip irrigation and aeration treatment: drip irrigation was used to control the volumetric moisture content of the potted soil at about 25%. Two aeration treatments were performed during the V6 period of corn. The dissolved oxygen content of the irrigation water in the aeration treatment was set as control (no aeration) and aeration (15 mg / L). Each treatment was repeated four times. The dissolved oxygen content of the soil was measured once before the aeration treatment. A saline-alkali crop oxygenation drip irrigation device was used to control the volume moisture content of the potted soil at around 25% to ensure that the soil moisture was suitable for corn growth. Two oxygenation treatments were carried out in the V6 growth stage of corn. A control group (no oxygenation) and an oxygenation group (15 mg / L dissolved oxygen) were set up. Each treatment was repeated four times to ensure the reliability of the data. A preliminary measurement of the dissolved oxygen content in the soil was performed before the oxygenation treatment. The soil dissolved oxygen content was measured every 8 hours after the oxygenation treatment. The monitoring was continued for 48 hours to ensure that the effect of the oxygenation treatment on the soil dissolved oxygen was accurately recorded.

[0039] Step 5 Plant sampling and measurement: At the beginning of the V7 period of corn, 8 corn plants with uniform growth were selected for plant sampling to measure the root morphology and aboveground dry matter weight.

[0040] Eight corn plants with consistent growth were selected from each pot for sampling to reduce the error caused by growth differences. The root morphology and aboveground dry matter weight of the sampled plants were measured. The evaluation of root morphology included root surface area, stem dry matter mass, leaf dry matter mass, etc. to judge the development of the root system and water absorption capacity. The measurement of aboveground dry matter weight helps to understand the growth status of corn and the accumulation of aboveground dry matter.

[0041] According to the effects of different treatments on the dissolved oxygen content in the soil of the maize root zone, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, after aeration drip irrigation at V6, the dissolved oxygen content in the soil under aeration treatment increased by 12.84% compared with the control treatment. This shows that after aeration drip irrigation, the dissolved oxygen content in the soil increased and the soil environment in the root zone was improved.

[0042] According to the effects of different treatments on soil enzyme activities in the maize root zone, as shown in Table 1, after aeration drip irrigation at V6, the activities of catalase, sucrase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase in the aeration treatment soil increased by 63.71%, 159.7%, 8.54%, and 29.13% respectively compared with the control, indicating that aeration drip irrigation can improve the soil environment in the root zone and increase soil enzyme activities.

[0043] Table 1 Effects of oxygenated drip irrigation on soil enzyme activities in the maize root zone

[0044] According to the effects of different treatments on the root morphology and dry matter accumulation of corn, as shown in Table 2, after aeration drip irrigation at V6, the root length of the aeration treatment increased by 47.71% compared with the control treatment; the root surface area increased by 43.93% compared with the control treatment; the stem, leaf, sheath and total dry matter weight increased by 167.65%, 71.06%, 61.48% and 74.7% compared with the control treatment, respectively. This shows that aeration drip irrigation can alleviate the root hypoxia problem caused by saline-alkali soil compaction, promote root growth, thereby increasing the accumulation of aboveground dry matter and promoting corn growth.

[0045] Table 2 Effects of oxygenated drip irrigation on maize root system and dry matter accumulation

[0046] In the second embodiment, when farmland planting is adopted, the method for oxygenating crops in saline-alkali land by drip irrigation comprises the following steps: Step 1: adopt an equal row spacing planting mode, with a row spacing of 60 cm, a spacing of 23 cm, a planting density of 4,800 plants per mu, and a pipe laying mode in which one pipe is laid in one row at a distance of 5 cm from the corn; An equal row spacing planting mode is adopted, with the row spacing set at 60 cm and the spacing at 23 cm, to ensure that the corn has sufficient growth space and light during the growth process. 4,800 corns are planted per acre. The reasonable planting density can ensure that there is enough resource allocation between the crops during the growth process. During the planting process, the irrigation components in the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device are laid in a "one pipe one row" manner, that is, a branch irrigation pipe of the irrigation component is laid above each row of crops to ensure that each corn can directly receive water, nutrients and oxygen supply. The drip irrigation pipe is located about 5 cm away from the corn row, which can ensure that water, fertilizer and oxygen can directly act on the roots of crops and maximize the irrigation effect.

[0047] Step 2: setting up non-oxygen treatment and oxygen treatment, and each treatment was repeated four times; In the experimental design, two different treatment modes were set up: non-oxygen treatment and oxygenated treatment. Each treatment was repeated four times to ensure the reliability and scientificity of the data. The non-oxygenated treatment was the control group, which was mainly used to observe the growth performance of corn in saline-alkali land without the use of oxygenated measures. The oxygenated treatment added additional oxygen to the irrigation water, and promoted root respiration and water absorption through the oxygenated drip irrigation system, thereby improving the growth vitality and stress resistance of the crop. Each treatment experimental group included multiple repeated experiments to evaluate the effect differences under different treatment conditions.

[0048] Step 3: The amount of fertilizer to be applied is calculated according to the nutrient balance method, and the seeds and fertilizers are sown simultaneously in one shot; The amount of fertilizer is determined by the "nutrient balance method", that is, every 100 kg of grain produced absorbs 2.25 kg of nitrogen, 0.7 kg of phosphorus, and 1.8 kg of potassium. The amount of fertilizer (kg / 667 square meters) = (nutrient absorption per unit yield of crop × target yield - soil measurement value × 0.15 × soil effective nutrient correction coefficient) / (fertilizer nutrient content × fertilizer utilization rate). The simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizers can ensure that the fertilizer acts directly on the roots in the early stage of corn planting, which helps the roots to quickly absorb nutrients and avoids fertilizer loss and waste. In addition, through the irrigation components in the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device, fertilizer can be accurately delivered to the crop root system together with the water flow, thereby improving the utilization rate of fertilizer.

[0049] Step 4: Before and after corn harvest, all irrigation components in the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device are removed and recycled.

[0050] Before and after corn harvest, all irrigation components in the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device need to be removed and recycled. Before harvest, the irrigation components are cleaned, inspected and repaired to ensure that they can continue to be used in the next round of planting. After proper treatment, the recycled components can be put back into use to save resources and reduce costs.

[0051] According to the effects of different treatments on the photosynthetic physiological indicators of corn, in one example, a photosynthetic instrument is used to measure the photosynthetic physiological indicators of ear leaves. The instrument must be prepared and calibrated first, and the measurement parameters must be set according to the plant conditions. The ear leaves that are well developed and free of pests and diseases must be accurately found and selected. After removing the moisture from the leaves, they must be fixed in the leaf chamber for measurement. The following table shows the various parameters of the effects of oxygenated drip irrigation on the photosynthetic physiological indicators of corn.

[0052] Table 3 Effects of oxygenated drip irrigation on photosynthetic physiological parameters of corn

[0053] As shown in Table 3 above, the results show that the net photosynthetic rate of corn cob leaves in the oxygenated treatment was significantly increased by 18.54% compared with that in the non-oxygenated treatment, and its transpiration rate was significantly increased by 54.67% compared with that in the non-oxygenated treatment. The chlorophyll b content of corn cob leaves in the oxygenated treatment was significantly increased by 34.12% compared with that in the non-oxygenated treatment. There was no significant difference in stomatal conductance and chlorophyll a content between the oxygenated treatment and the non-oxygenated treatment.

[0054] According to the effects of different treatments on corn yield, as shown in Table 4, Table 4 shows the various parameters of the effects of oxygenated drip irrigation on corn yield. After oxygenated drip irrigation, the corn yield of the oxygenated treatment was significantly increased by 24.12% compared with the non-oxygenated treatment. This shows that oxygenated drip irrigation can effectively alleviate the problems of poor physical structure and poor water permeability of saline-alkali land, promote the growth of corn plants, and thus increase corn yield.

[0055] Table 4 Effect of oxygenated drip irrigation on corn yield

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drip irrigation device for increasing oxygen for crops in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: include: Bracket; A tank body is arranged on the bracket, the tank body is a hollow structure, and a plurality of media are contained in the tank body; A plurality of pipeline assemblies are installed on the side wall of the tank body, wherein the plurality of pipeline assemblies include a water inlet pipeline and a fertilizer supply pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline and the fertilizer supply pipeline are both detachably connected to the tank body; An oxygen supply system is installed on the side of the fertilizer supply pipeline, and the output end of the oxygen supply system is connected to the tank body; A mixing pipe is located at a side of the tank body away from the oxygen supply system. An irrigation component located in the saline-alkali land is installed at one end of the mixing pipe. The irrigation component is communicated with the interior of the tank body through the mixing pipe.

2. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device also includes a jet device, which is located between the pipeline assembly and the tank body. The input end of the jet device is connected to the water inlet pipeline, the fertilizer supply pipeline and the oxygen supply system, and the output end is connected to the interior of the tank body.

3. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gas-liquid mixing pump is installed between the jet device and the tank body, and the gas-liquid mixing pump is used to collect and mix the multiple media.

4. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water inlet pipeline includes a water tank, a first pipe and a water regulating valve, the water tank is connected to the jet device through the first pipe, and the water regulating valve is installed on the first pipe; The fertilizer supply pipeline includes a fertilizer supply box, a second pipe fitting and a fertilizer supply regulating valve. The fertilizer supply box is connected to the jet device through the second pipe fitting, and the fertilizer supply regulating valve is installed on the second pipe fitting.

5. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oxygen supply system comprises an oxygen supply box and a third pipe fitting, wherein the oxygen supply box is connected to the jet device through the third pipe fitting, and the third pipe fitting is provided with an oxygen supply regulating valve and a flow meter for monitoring various oxygen parameters.

6. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the gas-liquid mixing pump and the flow meter.

7. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation assembly comprises a main irrigation pipe and a plurality of branch irrigation pipes, the main irrigation pipe is provided with a plurality of through holes at intervals, and the plurality of branch irrigation pipes are connected with the mixing pipe through the through holes; and / or the mixing pipe is provided with a plurality of openings; Wherein, a mixing regulating valve for adjusting various values ​​of the mixed medium is installed on the mixing pipeline.

8. The saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring device is arranged inside the tank body, and the stirring device includes a motor, a stirring shaft and stirring blades. The motor is located at the top of the tank body, the output end of the motor is connected to the stirring shaft, and the stirring blades are arranged around the axial direction of the stirring shaft.

9. A method for oxygenating crops in saline-alkali land by drip irrigation, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1 Variety and soil selection: Select Liyuan 296 corn variety and use Dongying coastal saline-alkali soil as potting soil or plant in the field; Step 2 Fertilization operation: When using potted plants, apply urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride as base fertilizer to each pot. After fully dissolved, use a saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device to spray evenly. After application, turn the soil to make the fertilizer sink to the soil layer below 10cm. After fertilization, water to replenish moisture so that the volume moisture content of the 0-10cm soil layer of each pot is maintained at 25%-30%; Step 3: Seeding treatment: Before sowing, germinate the full and complete seeds at 28℃, select seeds with a sprout length between 0.5 and 1cm, and sow them. Draw furrows when sowing, with four rows in each pot and a depth of 2cm. Sow 8 seeds in each row, a total of 32 seeds in one pot. When the corn grows to one leaf and one heart, remove the seedlings, leaving 8 seedlings in each pot; Step 4: Drip irrigation and aeration treatment: drip irrigation was used to control the volumetric moisture content of the potted soil at about 25%. Two aeration treatments were performed during the V6 period of corn. The dissolved oxygen content of the irrigation water in the aeration treatment was set as control (no aeration) and aeration (15 mg / L). Each treatment was repeated four times. The dissolved oxygen content of the soil was measured once before the aeration treatment. Step 5 Plant sampling and measurement: At the beginning of the V7 period of corn, 8 corn plants with uniform growth were selected for plant sampling to measure the root morphology and aboveground dry matter weight.

10. The method for oxygenating crops in saline-alkali land by drip irrigation according to claim 9, characterized in that: When farmland planting is adopted, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use an equal row spacing planting mode, with a row spacing of 60 cm, a spacing of 23 cm, a planting density of 4,800 plants per mu, and a pipe laying mode in which one pipe is laid in one row at a distance of 10 cm from the corn; Step 2: setting up non-oxygen treatment and oxygen treatment, and each treatment was repeated four times; Step 3: Calculate the amount of fertilizer according to the nutrient balance method and sow seeds and fertilizers simultaneously; Step 4: before and after corn harvest, all irrigation components in the saline-alkali land crop oxygenation drip irrigation device are removed and recycled.

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