Fabricated module soil for vertical wall greening and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses assembly type module soil for vertical wall greening and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wall greening, the assembly type module soil comprises the following raw materials by weight: 15-20 parts of planting soil, 40-60 parts of peat soil, 0.8-2.4 parts of a slow release fertilizer, 8-15 parts of modified plant fiber, 8-15 parts of a perlite composite material, and 5-8 parts of a polyurethane emulsion; the perlite composite material is prepared from expanded perlite and a composite phase change material through a vacuum impregnation method; the mass ratio of the composite phase-change material to the expanded perlite is 1: (0.8-1.2), the composite phase-change material is composed of lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol according to the mass ratio of 46: 5: 9, and the assembled module soil for vertical wall greening is high in water retention rate, not prone to soil scattering, good in forming degree, capable of planting most greening plants, especially good in high and low temperature resistance and capable of being used for greening the vertical wall. The service life is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wall greening, and in particular relates to an assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the green space in cities is gradually decreasing, and vertical greening, as an innovative greening method, has received more and more attention. Vertical greening can not only beautify the urban environment, but also improve air quality, reduce noise, and regulate urban microclimate.

[0003] A large amount of cultivation soil is needed in the process of vertical wall greening. Therefore, the production of artificial soil materials can well solve the problem of cultivation soil, especially the use of solidified fiber soil. For example, Chinese patent CN105367216B discloses a plastic fiber cultivation soil and a preparation method thereof, including 15-35% base soil, 5-35% plant fiber, 10-50% perlite, 5-15% peat soil, and 5-15% two-component hot-melt bonding composite fiber. The composite fiber is formed by composite spinning of two thermoplastic polymers in a skin-core structure. It has the characteristics of high air permeability and strong moisture retention, but requires high-temperature curing (130-400°C), strict requirements for heating temperature control and mixed material matching, special equipment is required, and low-melting-point materials such as existing water-retaining agents cannot be freely added. The practicality is low, and the plasticity of the hot-melt bonding composite fiber mixed with the cultivation soil matrix is ​​not stable, and it is easy to disperse and crack. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of harsh preparation conditions and poor stability of the existing assembled modular soil for greening.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 15-20 parts of planting soil, 40-60 parts of peat soil, 0.8-2.4 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 8-15 parts of modified plant fiber, 8-15 parts of perlite composite material, and 5-8 parts of polyurethane emulsion.

[0008] Furthermore, the perlite composite material is prepared by vacuum impregnation of expanded perlite and a composite phase change material, and the composite phase change material is composed of lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol in a mass ratio of 46:5:9.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the pearlite composite material comprises the following steps:

[0010] Add lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol into a stirring container, stir evenly at 65-70° C. to obtain a composite phase change material, and keep the temperature for later use;

[0011] Add expanded perlite into a vacuum reactor, control the temperature at 65-70°C, evacuate to -0.05MPa, open the feed valve and add the composite phase change material, stir for 3 minutes, continue to evacuate to -0.095MPa, continue to stir for 40-60 minutes, then stop the reaction and cool to room temperature to obtain a perlite composite material.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above process, the mass ratio of the composite phase change material to the expanded perlite is 1:0.8-1.2.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified plant fiber comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step a, pretreating the plant fiber to obtain pretreated plant fiber;

[0015] Step b, adding the pretreated fiber to a sodium periodate aqueous solution, then adding isopropanol, reacting at 20-60° C. in the dark for 4-12 hours, after the reaction is completed, adding ethylene glycol solution and continuing the reaction for 0.5 hours, filtering, washing the filter cake with deionized water for 3-5 times, and freeze-drying to obtain the aldehyde-modified plant fiber;

[0016] Step c, dispersing the formaldehyde-modified plant fiber in anhydrous ethanol, adding aminosulfonic acid compounds and stirring to mix evenly, adding glacial acetic acid dropwise, heating to reflux for reaction for 24 hours, after the reaction is completed, washing the product with anhydrous ethanol, filtering and drying to obtain an intermediate product, adding the intermediate product to a copper chloride solution, stirring at 80° C. for reaction for 24 hours, filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified plant fiber.

[0017] Furthermore, in step a, at least one of the pretreatment steps of grinding, shearing homogenization and steam explosion is used to improve the reactivity of the plant fiber.

[0018] Furthermore, the plant fiber is at least one of wood fiber, non-wood fiber and straw.

[0019] Furthermore, the non-wood fibers are hemp fibers and / or herbaceous plant fibers.

[0020] Furthermore, in step b, the dosage ratio of the pretreated fiber, sodium periodate aqueous solution, isopropanol and ethylene glycol solution is 4g:200mL:12.6mL:10-20mL, the concentration of the sodium periodate aqueous solution is 0.035-0.105mol / L, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution is 0.1mol / L.

[0021] Furthermore, in step c, the dosage ratio of the formaldehyde-modified plant fiber, anhydrous ethanol, aminosulfonic acid compound and glacial acetic acid is 1 g: 40-60 mL: 1.1-2.4 g: 0.24 mL.

[0022] Furthermore, the aminosulfonic acid compound is at least one of 3-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]propanesulfonic acid, N-(2-acetylamino)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, sodium 2-aminoethylaminoethanesulfonate, and sodium diaminobenzenesulfonate, preferably sodium 2-aminoethylaminoethanesulfonate.

[0023] Furthermore, in step c, the usage ratio of the intermediate product to the copper chloride solution is 1 g: 10-20 mL, and the mass fraction of the copper chloride solution is 10%.

[0024] Furthermore, the planting soil is any one of common landscaping soil, vegetable garden soil and farming soil, and its aggregate size is 0.5-3mm and its pH value is 5.5-8.0.

[0025] Furthermore, the particle size of the peat soil is less than 6 mm, the pH value is 5.0-7.0, and the organic matter content is 45-55%.

[0026] Furthermore, the slow-release fertilizer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer.

[0027] Further, the polyurethane emulsion preparation process is as follows:

[0028] Calculated by weight, 5-10 parts of polyether polyol and 15-30 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone are mixed, and then 0.3-0.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.5-1 parts of trimethylolpropane and 0.5-1.5 parts of N-methyldiethanolamine are added. The mixture is stirred at 60-65°C for 2-3 hours. Then, the temperature is raised to 70-80°C, 4-8 parts of isophorone diisocyanate are added, and the mixture is stirred for 1.5-2 hours.

[0029] The method for preparing the above-mentioned assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening comprises the following steps:

[0030] Add isophorone diisocyanate and water to the polyurethane emulsion, stir at a speed of 60-100 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain an adhesive emulsion, then mix the adhesive emulsion, planting plants, peat soil, slow-release fertilizer, modified plant fiber, and perlite composite material evenly, transfer it to a convex template with a cavity, heat-treat it at 80-90° C. for 30-40 minutes, cool it to room temperature, and obtain assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening.

[0031] Furthermore, in the above process, the mass ratio of polyurethane emulsion, isophorone diisocyanate and water is 0.5-1.5:6-12:1-3.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] 1. The present invention provides an assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening, which is obtained by mixing polyurethane emulsion as an adhesive with plants, peat soil, slow-release fertilizer, modified plant fiber, and perlite composite material through foaming treatment. The modular soil has high porosity and water absorption performance, high water holding rate, soil is not easy to scatter, has good molding degree, can plant most green plants, especially has good high and low temperature resistance and long service life.

[0034] 2. Expanded perlite has high porosity, large specific surface area and good thermal stability, is a good carrier of phase change materials, and has high water absorption characteristics, and is a common raw material for fiber soil. The present invention uses a composite phase change material composed of lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol to prepare a composite material of the two by vacuum impregnation. The capillary force and surface tension between the two effectively prevent the leakage of the phase change material. After thermal physical property analysis, the initial phase change temperature of the perlite composite material is 25.2°C. It is applied to modular soil and absorbs or releases heat through the phase change process, which can delay temperature changes and adjust the temperature, which is beneficial to reducing the cracking and deformation of the assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening in winter and summer due to thermal expansion and contraction, and is also beneficial to the growth of green plants, ensuring a good greening effect.

[0035] 3. Since the surface of untreated plant fibers is relatively smooth and has poor bonding with other components of the module soil matrix, it is difficult to effectively play a skeleton role. Therefore, the present invention first treats them, then converts the surface hydroxyl groups into aldehyde groups through sodium periodate oxidation, and then prepares an intermediate product carrying a Schiff base structure and a sulfonate structure on the surface through a condensation reaction between the amino group and the aldehyde group. The intermediate product is then immersed in a cupric chloride solution to obtain a modified plant fiber carrying a Schiff base-copper complex. After the modification treatment, on the one hand, the surface roughness of the plant fiber is improved and the bonding between it and other matrices of the module soil is strengthened. On the other hand, hydrophilic sulfonate groups are introduced to enhance the water absorption and water retention properties of the module soil. In addition, the Schiff base-copper complex has a good antibacterial effect, can effectively inhibit bacteria, and reduce the damage of bacteria to the fiber soil and plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation rules, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the implementation rules of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0038] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial number of each process does not mean the order of execution, some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the implementation regulations of this application.

[0039] The weight of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiment description of the present application can not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components is proportionally enlarged or reduced according to the embodiment description of the present application, it is within the scope disclosed in the embodiment description of the present application. Specifically, the mass in the embodiment description of the present application can be μg, mg, g, kg and other mass units known in the chemical industry.

[0040] The planting soil in this application is ordinary landscaping soil, with a particle size of 0.5-3mm and a pH value of 5.5-8.0. The particle size of peat soil is less than 6mm, the pH value is 5.0-7.0, and the organic matter content is 45-55%. The slow-release fertilizer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer, and the manufacturer of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer is Shandong Ruizhaoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0041] The technical solution of the present application is illustrated below through specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0042] Preparation Example 1

[0043] The method for preparing modified plant fiber comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step a, treating sisal fibers with a length of 1-2 cm by using a continuous screw extrusion flash explosion device to destroy the bundle structure thereof, thereby obtaining pretreated plant fibers;

[0045] Step b, adding 4 g of pretreated fiber to 200 mL of a 0.035 mol / L sodium periodate aqueous solution, and then adding 12.6 mL of isopropanol, reacting at 20° C. in the dark for 4 h, after the reaction is completed, adding 10 mL of a 0.1 mol / L ethylene glycol solution and continuing the reaction for 0.5 h, filtering, washing the filter cake with deionized water 3 times, and freeze-drying to obtain aldehyde-modified plant fiber;

[0046] Step c, disperse 1g of the formaldehyde-modified plant fiber in 40mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 1.1g of sodium 2-aminoethylaminoethanesulfonate and stir to mix evenly, add 0.24mL of glacial acetic acid dropwise, heat to reflux and react for 24h, after the reaction is completed, wash the product with anhydrous ethanol, filter and dry to obtain an intermediate product, add 1g of the intermediate product to 10mL of 10wt% copper chloride solution, stir at 80°C for 24h, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified plant fiber.

[0047] Preparation Example 2

[0048] The method for preparing modified plant fiber comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step a, treating sisal fibers with a length of 1-2 cm by using a continuous screw extrusion flash explosion device to destroy the bundle structure thereof, thereby obtaining pretreated plant fibers;

[0050] Step b, adding 4 g of pretreated fiber to 200 mL of a 0.105 mol / L sodium periodate aqueous solution, and then adding 12.6 mL of isopropanol, reacting at 60° C. in the dark for 12 h, after the reaction is completed, adding 20 mL of a 0.1 mol / L ethylene glycol solution and continuing the reaction for 0.5 h, filtering, washing the filter cake with deionized water 5 times, and freeze-drying to obtain aldehyde-modified plant fiber;

[0051] Step c, disperse 1g of the formaldehyded plant fiber in 60mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 2.4g of sodium 2-aminoethylaminoethanesulfonate and stir to mix evenly, add 0.24mL of glacial acetic acid dropwise, heat to reflux and react for 24h, after the reaction is completed, wash the product with anhydrous ethanol, filter and dry to obtain an intermediate product, add 1g of the intermediate product to 20mL of 10wt% copper chloride solution, stir at 80°C for 24h, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified plant fiber.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Compared with Preparation Example 1, the modified plant fiber preparation method not only includes the copper chloride solution immersion treatment, that is, this control example is an intermediate product, and the preparation process of the intermediate product is the same as that of Preparation Example 1.

[0054] The antibacterial performance of the modified plant fibers obtained in Preparation Example 1, Preparation Example 2 and Control Example 1 was tested, and the test process was as follows:

[0055] The antibacterial properties of each group of fibers against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were tested by bacterial counting method. Mature colonies were selected and placed in 5 mL of liquid culture medium prepared with broth, cultured at 37°C for 6-8 hours until the optical density (OD600) at a wavelength of 600 nm was 0.5, and the bacterial solution was diluted with phosphate buffer with a pH of 7.4 to a bacterial count of 10 6CFU / mL, take 5mL of diluted bacterial solution in a 12mL shaking bacterial tube, weigh 10mg of modified plant fiber and soak it in the bacterial solution for 24h. After the culture is completed, dilute the bacterial solution by 10 5 After smearing in LB medium, the modified plant fibers were cultured at 37 °C for 18 h and counted as the sample group. The control group was the one without modified plant fibers. The antibacterial rate was calculated by the following formula:

[0056] Inhibition rate (%) = (N1×D1-N0×D0) / (N0×D0), where N1 and N0 are the colony counts of the sample group and the control group, respectively, and D1 and D0 are the dilution multiples of the bacterial solution of the sample group and the control group, respectively, both of which are 10 5 times;

[0057] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0058] Table 1

[0059] project Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Escherichia coli inhibition rate (%) 85.4 91.2 80.6 Staphylococcus aureus inhibition rate (%) 81.5 86.7 74.3

[0060] It can be seen from the data recorded in Table 1 that the antibacterial properties of the modified plant fibers obtained in Preparation Example 1 and Preparation Example 2 are better than those in Control Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] This control example is aldehyde-modified plant fiber, and the preparation process of the aldehyde-modified plant fiber is the same as that of Preparation Example 2.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] An assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0065] 15 parts of planting soil, 40 parts of peat soil, 0.8 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 8 parts of modified plant fiber of Preparation Example 1, 8 parts of perlite composite material, and 5 parts of polyurethane emulsion.

[0066] The preparation method of the pearlite composite material comprises the following steps:

[0067] Add lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol in a mass ratio of 46:5:9 into a stirring container, stir evenly at 65°C to obtain a composite phase change material, and keep warm for later use;

[0068] 10 g of expanded perlite was added into a vacuum reactor, the temperature was controlled at 65°C, and the mixture was evacuated to -0.05 MPa. At the same time, the feed valve was opened and 8 g of composite phase change material was added. The mixture was stirred for 3 min, and the mixture was evacuated to -0.095 MPa. The mixture was stirred for 40 min, and the reaction was stopped. The mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain a perlite composite material.

[0069] The preparation process of polyurethane emulsion is as follows:

[0070] Calculated by weight, 5 parts of polyether polyol 310 and 15 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed, and then 0.3 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.5 parts of trimethylolpropane and 0.5 parts of N-methyldiethanolamine were added. The mixture was stirred at 60°C for 2 hours, and then the temperature was raised to 70°C, 4 parts of isophorone diisocyanate were added, and the mixture was stirred for 1.5 hours.

[0071] The method for preparing the above-mentioned assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening comprises the following steps:

[0072] Add isophorone diisocyanate and water to polyurethane emulsion, the mass ratio of polyurethane emulsion, isophorone diisocyanate and water is 0.5:6:1, stir at a speed of 60-100r / min for 30 minutes to obtain bonding emulsion, then mix the bonding emulsion, planting plants, peat soil, slow-release fertilizer, modified plant fiber and perlite composite material evenly, transfer to a convex template with a cavity, keep warm at 80°C for 30 minutes, cool to room temperature, and obtain assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] An assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0075] 18 parts of planting soil, 50 parts of peat soil, 1.4 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 10 parts of modified plant fiber of Preparation Example 2, 10 parts of perlite composite material, and 7 parts of polyurethane emulsion.

[0076] The preparation method of the pearlite composite material comprises the following steps:

[0077] Add lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol in a mass ratio of 46:5:9 into a stirring container, stir evenly at 68°C to obtain a composite phase change material, and keep warm for later use;

[0078] 10 g of expanded perlite was added into a vacuum reactor, the temperature was controlled at 68°C, and the mixture was evacuated to -0.05 MPa. At the same time, the feed valve was opened and 10 g of composite phase change material was added. The mixture was stirred for 3 min, and the mixture was evacuated to -0.095 MPa. The mixture was stirred for 50 min, and the reaction was stopped. The mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain a perlite composite material.

[0079] The preparation method of the polyurethane emulsion and the assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening is the same as that in Example 1.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] An assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0082] 20 parts of planting soil, 60 parts of peat soil, 2.4 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 15 parts of modified plant fiber of Preparation Example 2, 15 parts of perlite composite material, and 8 parts of polyurethane emulsion.

[0083] The preparation method of the perlite composite material, polyurethane emulsion and assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening is the same as that in Example 1.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, is different in that the perlite composite material preparation method is different. The preparation method of the perlite composite material in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0086] Add lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol in a mass ratio of 46:5:9 into a stirring container, stir evenly at 70° C. to obtain a composite phase change material, and keep warm for later use;

[0087] 10 g of expanded perlite was added into a vacuum reactor, the temperature was controlled at 70°C, and the mixture was evacuated to -0.05 MPa. At the same time, the feed valve was opened and 12 g of composite phase change material was added. The mixture was stirred for 3 min, and the mixture was evacuated to -0.095 MPa. The mixture was stirred for 60 min, and the reaction was stopped. The mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain a perlite composite material.

[0088] Example 5

[0089] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the polyurethane emulsion preparation method is different. The polyurethane emulsion preparation process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0090] Calculated by weight, 8 parts of polyether polyol 310 and 20 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed, and then 0.4 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.8 parts of trimethylolpropane and 1.2 parts of N-methyldiethanolamine were added. The mixture was stirred at 63°C for 2.5 hours, then the temperature was raised to 75°C, 6 parts of isophorone diisocyanate were added, and the mixture was stirred for 1.8 hours.

[0091] Example 6

[0092] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the polyurethane emulsion preparation method is different. The polyurethane emulsion preparation process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0093] Calculated by weight, 10 parts of polyether polyol 310 and 30 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed, and then 0.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of trimethylolpropane and 1.5 parts of N-methyldiethanolamine were added. The mixture was stirred at 65°C for 3 hours, and then the temperature was raised to 80°C, 8 parts of isophorone diisocyanate were added, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours.

[0094] Example 7

[0095] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, is different in that, during the preparation process of the prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, the mass ratio of polyurethane emulsion, isophorone diisocyanate and water is controlled to be 1:10:2.

[0096] Example 8

[0097] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, is different in that, during the preparation process of the prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, the mass ratio of polyurethane emulsion, isophorone diisocyanate and water is controlled to be 1.5:12:3.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the modified plant fiber in Example 1 is replaced by the product prepared in Control Example 1 of equal quality.

[0100] Comparative Example 2

[0101] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the modified plant fiber in Example 1 is replaced by the product prepared in Control Example 2 of equal quality.

[0102] Comparative Example 3

[0103] A prefabricated modular soil for vertical wall greening, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the perlite composite material in Example 1 is replaced by expanded perlite of equal mass.

[0104] The performance test of the assembled modular soil obtained from Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was carried out, and the test process was as follows:

[0105] Water absorption performance: Add tap water to each group of assembled module soil and saturate the adsorbent. After filtering out excess water, weigh the material. The water absorption rate is calculated according to the formula: Q 吸 =(m2-m1) / m1 calculation, Q 吸 is the water absorption ratio, m1 is the mass of the product before water absorption, and m2 is the mass after water absorption. The soaked and balanced assembled module soil is then placed at room temperature to dry naturally for 2 days and weighed as m3. The water retention rate is calculated according to the following formula: Q 保 =(m3-m1) / m1;

[0106] High and low temperature dimensional stability: Cut each group of assembled modular soil into samples of 100mm×100mm×100mm (length×width×height), use a vernier caliper to test the size of the sample before the experiment, and conduct high and low temperature tests in a 401-type environmental temperature test box (Shanghai Experimental Instrument Factory), with a high temperature of 50°C and a low temperature of -20°C. Adjust the temperature in the test box, place the samples horizontally on the metal net in the box, with a sample interval of 25mm, and blow air to maintain air circulation. Take out the samples after 24 hours, and place them at a temperature of 23 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 45%-55% for 1 hour. Measure the size after the experiment, and calculate the length change rate before and after the test according to the following formula:

[0107] △L(%)=(L1-L0) / L O , where L O , L1 are the average lengths of the specimens before and after the test, respectively;

[0108] The results are shown in Table 2:

[0109] Table 2

[0110]

[0111] It can be seen from the data recorded in Table 2 that compared with Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, the assembled modular soil prepared in Examples 1 to 8 has good water absorption performance, water retention performance and high and low temperature resistance.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0113] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening, characterized in that: It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of planting soil, 40-60 parts of peat soil, 0.8-2.4 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 8-15 parts of modified plant fiber, 8-15 parts of perlite composite material, 5-8 parts of polyurethane emulsion; The perlite composite material is prepared by vacuum impregnation of expanded perlite and a composite phase change material; the mass ratio of the composite phase change material to the expanded perlite is 1:0.8-1.2, and the composite phase change material is composed of lauric acid, palmitic acid and tetradecanol in a mass ratio of 46:5:

9.

2. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for preparing modified plant fiber comprises the following steps: The aldehyde-modified plant fiber is dispersed in anhydrous ethanol, an aminosulfonic acid compound is added and stirred to mix evenly, glacial acetic acid is added dropwise, the temperature is raised to reflux for reaction for 24 hours, washed, filtered and dried to obtain an intermediate product, the intermediate product is added to a cupric chloride solution, stirred at 80°C for reaction for 24 hours, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a modified plant fiber.

3. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The dosage ratio of the aldehyde-modified plant fiber, anhydrous ethanol, aminosulfonic acid compound and glacial acetic acid is 1g:40-60mL:1.1-2.4g:0.24mL.

4. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The aminosulfonic acid compound is at least one of 3-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]propanesulfonic acid, N-(2-acetylamino)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, sodium 2-aminoethylaminoethanesulfonate, and sodium diaminobenzenesulfonate.

5. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The usage ratio of the intermediate product and the copper chloride solution is 1g:10-20mL, and the mass fraction of the copper chloride solution is 10%.

6. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing aldehyde-modified plant fiber comprises the following steps: Step a, pretreating the plant fiber to obtain pretreated plant fiber; Step b, adding the pretreated fiber to a sodium periodate aqueous solution, then adding isopropanol, reacting at 20-60° C. in the dark for 4-12 hours, after the reaction is completed, adding ethylene glycol solution and continuing the reaction for 0.5 hours, filtering, washing the filter cake with deionized water for 3-5 times, and freeze-drying to obtain formaldehyde-modified plant fiber.

7. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step b, the dosage ratio of the pretreated fiber, sodium periodate aqueous solution, isopropanol and ethylene glycol solution is 4g:200mL:12.6mL:10-20mL, the concentration of the sodium periodate aqueous solution is 0.035-0.105mol / L, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution is 0.1mol / L.

8. The assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pretreatment step in step a is at least one of grinding, shearing homogenization, and steam explosion.

9. A method for preparing assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Add isophorone diisocyanate and water to the polyurethane emulsion, stir at a speed of 60-100 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain an adhesive emulsion, then mix the adhesive emulsion, planting plants, peat soil, slow-release fertilizer, modified plant fiber, and perlite composite material evenly, transfer it to a convex template with a cavity, heat-treat it at 80-90° C. for 30-40 minutes, cool it to room temperature, and obtain assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening.

10. The method for preparing assembled modular soil for vertical wall greening according to claim 9, characterized in that: The mass ratio of polyurethane emulsion, isophorone diisocyanate and water is 0.5-1.5:6-12:1-3.

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