Connector and optical communication system

Abstract

The invention provides a connector and an optical communication system, and the connector comprises an adapter which is provided with a plurality of optical channels which are distributed at intervals and arranged in a row, the adapter is provided with a first side and a second side which are oppositely distributed, and the optical channels penetrate through the first side and the second side to form a first optical port and a second optical port respectively; the waveguide device is connected to the adapter and provided with a third side and a fourth side which are oppositely distributed, a plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides which do not interfere with each other and do not intersect with each other are arranged in the waveguide device, and the three-dimensional optical waveguides are arranged in at least one line on the surface of the fourth side; and the first insertion structure is arranged on the waveguide device, and the first insertion structure is used for being in insertion fit with the second insertion structure of the insertion core. The alignment difficulty of the assembly mode is low, so that the requirement on precision is low; moreover, the connector has the flexible characteristics of being pluggable and reconfigurable, so that the coupling assembly requirement between the optical chip and the insertion core is reduced, and the assembly flexibility and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a connector and an optical communication system. Background Art

[0002] Data centers have a growing demand for bandwidth and increasingly stringent requirements for energy consumption. Co-packaged optics (CPO) integrates optical chips with electrical chips in the same package to achieve high-speed, low-power optical interconnection. This integration can reduce signal transmission delays, increase data transmission rates, and reduce system power consumption.

[0003] In the related art, the coupling assembly of silicon photonic integrated circuit (PIC) and mechanical transfer ferrule (MT), especially in terms of edge coupling, relies on directly attaching the optical fiber of MT to the V-groove on PIC. In order to accurately locate the end face of MT optical fiber, the coupling surface accuracy of the V-groove is required to be high. Moreover, since the ferrule needs to be installed in the V-groove, the operation cannot be reworked. Once an error occurs, it will lead to the loss of the entire package, resulting in high requirements for the coupling assembly between PIC and MT. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a connector and an optical communication system, aiming to solve the problem of high coupling assembly requirements between PIC and MT in the related art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a connector in a first aspect, comprising:

[0006] An adapter seat is provided with a plurality of optical channels which are spaced apart and arranged in a row, the adapter seat is provided with a first side and a second side which are relatively distributed, the optical channel passes through the first side and the second side to form a first optical port and a second optical port respectively, the first optical port is used to be aligned with the third optical port of the optoelectronic module;

[0007] A waveguide device is connected to the adapter and is provided with a third side and a fourth side that are relatively distributed. A plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides that do not interfere with each other and do not cross each other are provided in the waveguide device. The plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides are arranged in a row on the surface of the third side and are aligned one-to-one with the plurality of second optical ports, and are aligned one-to-one with the plurality of optical fibers of the ferrule on the surface of the fourth side. The three-dimensional optical waveguides are arranged in at least one row on the surface of the fourth side; and,

[0008] The first plug-in structure is arranged on the waveguide device, and the first plug-in structure is used for plugging and matching with the second plug-in structure of the ferrule.

[0009] Optionally, in the direction from the third side toward the fourth side, the waveguide device is provided with a first straight waveguide region, a curved waveguide region, and a second straight waveguide region which are distributed in sequence and in succession; wherein the lengths of the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the first straight waveguide region and the second straight waveguide region are perpendicular to the coupling interface between the waveguide device and the ferrule, and the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide region is bent relative to the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the first straight waveguide region and the second straight waveguide region.

[0010] Optionally, the bending loss of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide region satisfies the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, a t is the bending loss of the three-dimensional optical waveguide, a is the bending loss coefficient of the three-dimensional optical waveguide, R is the curvature radius of the three-dimensional optical waveguide, L is the length of the curved waveguide region, and S is the transition function of the curved waveguide region.

[0013] Optionally, the transition function of the curved waveguide region satisfies the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Wherein, x(t) is the transition function in the horizontal direction, A1 is the horizontal axis distribution of the relative displacement of the cross sections at both ends of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide region.

[0016] Optionally, the length of the first straight waveguide area ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, the length of the curved waveguide area ranges from 8 mm to 15 mm, and the length of the first straight waveguide area ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the intervals between the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the first straight waveguide region are non-uniformly distributed, and the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the same row in the second straight waveguide region are equidistantly distributed.

[0018] Optionally, one of the first plug-in structure and the second plug-in structure is a plug-in component, and the other is a plug-in slot.

[0019] Optionally, a first step is provided on the second side of the adapter, and a second step is provided on the third side of the waveguide component, and the first step is assembled with the second step.

[0020] Optionally, the adapter is further provided with a fifth side respectively connected to the first side and the second side, the third side is connected to the second side, the waveguide device is at least partially arranged on the fifth side, and a third step for assembling with the optoelectronic module is provided between the third side and the fifth side.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides an optical communication system, comprising:

[0022] The optoelectronic module is provided with a plurality of third optical ports;

[0023] The connector as described in any one of the above, the optoelectronic module is connected to the first side, and the plurality of third optical ports are arranged in one-to-one alignment with the plurality of first optical ports; and

[0024] A core is connected to the fourth side, the core is provided with a plurality of optical fibers, and the plurality of optical fibers are aligned with the plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides.

[0025] Compared with the related art, the connector and optical communication system in the present invention have the following beneficial effects: during the assembly process of the connector and the optical chip, it is only necessary to align the multiple first optical ports of the adapter with the multiple third optical ports of the optical chip one by one, so that the coupling between the connector and the optical chip can be achieved; during the assembly process of the connector and the ferrule, it is only necessary to align the multiple three-dimensional optical waveguides of the waveguide device with the multiple optical fibers of the ferrule one by one, so that the coupling between the connector and the ferrule can be achieved, thereby achieving the coupling between the optical chip and the ferrule. This assembly method has a lower alignment difficulty, so that the accuracy requirement is lower; moreover, during the assembly process, only the first optical port of the connector is aligned with the optical chip, and the optical chip will not be damaged in the event of an operational error. The plug-in assembly between the connector and the ferrule makes the connector have the flexible characteristics of being pluggable and reconfigurable, thereby reducing the coupling assembly requirements between the optical chip and the ferrule and improving the flexibility and reliability of assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3is a top view of a connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is an exploded view of a connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of partitioning of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals represent: 1. adapter; 11. optical channel; 12. first side; 13. second side; 14. first optical port; 15. second optical port; 16. first step; 17. fifth side; 2. waveguide device; 21. third side; 22. fourth side; 23. three-dimensional optical waveguide; 24. second step; 3. connector; 4. third step; 10. optoelectronic module; 101. substrate; 102. optical chip; 20. connector; 30. ferrule; 301. base; 302. optical fiber; A. first straight waveguide area; B. curved waveguide area; C. second straight waveguide area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "circumferential", "radial" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] Example:

[0037] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides an optical communication system, including an optoelectronic module 10, a connector 20 and a ferrule 30, wherein the connector 20 is bonded to the optoelectronic module 10, and the ferrule 30 is detachably connected to the connector 20. The optoelectronic module 10 includes a substrate 101 and an optical chip 102, wherein the optical chip 102 is arranged on the board surface of the substrate 101, and the optical chip 102 is provided with a plurality of third optical ports which are distributed at intervals and arranged in a row; the ferrule 30 includes a base 301, an optical fiber 302 and a second plug-in structure, wherein the optical fiber 302 is arranged on the base 301, and the optical fiber 302 is provided with a plurality of optical fibers, and the second plug-in structure is arranged on the base 301.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 5 The connector 20 includes an adapter 1, a waveguide device 2 and a first plug-in structure. The adapter 1 is provided with a plurality of optical channels 11 which are spaced and arranged in a row, and the adapter 1 is provided with a first side 12 and a second side 13 which are relatively distributed. The optical channel 11 passes through the first side 12 and the second side 13 to form a first optical port 14 and a second optical port 15 respectively. The first optical port 14 is used to align with the third optical port of the optoelectronic module 10; the waveguide device 2 is connected to the adapter 1 and is provided with a third side 21 and a fourth side 22 which are relatively distributed. A plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 which do not interfere with each other and do not cross each other are provided in the waveguide device 2. The plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 are arranged in a row on the surface of the third side 21 and are aligned one by one with the plurality of second optical ports 15, and are aligned one by one with the plurality of optical fibers 302 of the ferrule 30 on the surface of the fourth side 22. The three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 are arranged in at least one row on the surface of the fourth side 22; the first plug-in structure is provided on the waveguide device 2, and the first plug-in structure is used to be plugged and matched with the second plug-in structure of the ferrule 30.

[0039] During the assembly process of the connector 20 and the optical chip 102, it is only necessary to align the multiple first optical ports 14 of the adapter 1 with the multiple third optical ports of the optical chip 102 one by one, so as to achieve the coupling between the connector 20 and the optical chip 102; during the assembly process of the connector 20 and the ferrule 30, it is only necessary to align the multiple three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 of the waveguide device 2 with the multiple optical fibers 302 of the ferrule 30 one by one, so as to achieve the coupling between the connector 20 and the ferrule 30, thereby achieving the coupling between the optical chip 102 and the ferrule 30. This assembly method has a lower alignment difficulty, so that the requirement for precision is lower; moreover, during the assembly process, only the first optical port 14 of the connector 20 is aligned with the optical chip 102, so that the optical chip 102 will not be damaged in the event of an operation error, and the plug-in assembly between the connector 20 and the ferrule 30 makes the connector 20 have the flexible characteristics of being pluggable and reconfigurable, thereby reducing the coupling assembly requirements between the optical chip 102 and the ferrule 30, and improving the flexibility and reliability of assembly.

[0040] It should be noted that the light emitted by the optical chip 102 enters the optical channel 11 through the third optical port and the first optical port 14, and the light in the optical channel 11 is emitted from the second optical port 15 and enters the waveguide device 2 through end face coupling, undergoes three-dimensional spatial transformation through the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the waveguide device 2, and enters the optical fiber 302 of the ferrule 30 through end face coupling and is transmitted, thereby achieving low-loss and efficient coupling. Among them, the design of multiple three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 in the waveguide device 2 can allow complex optical signal transmission paths and multi-wavelength applications, thereby providing greater design flexibility; moreover, it can improve the integration and miniaturization of optical communication systems, which is conducive to the realization of optoelectronic integration.

[0041] It should be understood that, due to the reciprocity of light, the optical path of the connector 20 is reversible, and the light emitted from the ferrule 30 can also enter the optical chip 102 via the same optical path, so that the connector 20 has the function of transmitting and receiving in one.

[0042] See also Figure 3 In the present invention, the number of optical channels 11 is set according to actual needs. For example, the optical channels 11 may be provided with twelve, and the first optical ports 14 and the second optical ports 15 are provided with twelve corresponding ones, and the waveguide device 2 is provided with twelve three-dimensional optical waveguides 23; wherein the second optical ports 15 are arranged in a row on the second side 13, and the three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 are arranged in two rows on the surface of the fourth side 22, so that the waveguide device 2 maps 1*12 light to 2*6 light output. Alternatively, the waveguide device 2 maps 1*16 light to 2*8 light output, and maps 1*9 light to 3*3 light output.

[0043] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 , in the direction from the third side 21 to the fourth side 22, the waveguide device 2 is provided with a first straight waveguide area A, a curved waveguide area B, and a second straight waveguide area C which are sequentially and continuously distributed; wherein the length of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the first straight waveguide area A and the second straight waveguide area C is perpendicular to the coupling interface between the waveguide device 2 and the ferrule 30, and a redundancy can be reserved for subsequent grinding and polishing. The three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the curved waveguide area B is bent relative to the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the first straight waveguide area A and the second straight waveguide area C. The three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the curved waveguide area B can change the three-dimensional distortion of the optical path, thereby remapping the light port distribution, which helps to solve the coupling problem caused by mode field and structural adaptation, and realize low-loss and low-crosstalk changes in the position of the light beam.

[0044] In the present invention, in order to determine the position of the optical chip 102 and the ferrule 30, the spot size and the optical path layout, optical design software is used for simulation and optimization to ensure that the optical path meets the performance requirements. The path, bend, branch and coupling area of ​​the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 are designed to ensure that the optical signal can be effectively transmitted.

[0045] In some embodiments, in order to optimize the bending loss caused by the bending of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23, it is necessary to optimize the curvature radius and length of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23. To this end, the bending loss of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the curved waveguide region B satisfies the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, a t is the bending loss of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23, a is the bending loss coefficient of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23, R is the curvature radius of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23, R can be approximated as |1 / S″|, L is the length of the curved waveguide region B, and S is the transition function of the curved waveguide region B.

[0048] It should be understood that the bending loss of S-shaped three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 such as cosine, sine, power function, and arc can be simulated and calculated according to the above bending loss formula, so as to optimize the curvature radius and length of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 and reduce the overall insertion loss of the waveguide device 2. The additional bending loss introduced does not exceed 0.5 dB, so that the connector 20 has the characteristic of low bending loss.

[0049] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 is formed by performing femtosecond laser direct writing processing on the waveguide device 2. When the bending curve of the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the bending waveguide region B is processed, the transition function of the bending waveguide region B satisfies the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, x(t) is the transition function in the horizontal direction, A1 is the horizontal component of the relative displacement of the cross-sections at both ends of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide area, y(t) is the transition function in the vertical direction, A2 is the vertical component of the relative displacement of the cross-sections at both ends of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide area.

[0052] It should be understood that the femtosecond laser performs scanning direct writing processing according to the curved curve trajectory that satisfies the above formula, which can optimize the overall transmission loss of the waveguide device 2. During processing, relative to the zero point position of the femtosecond laser direct writing processing, the horizontal axis coordinate of the real-time position satisfies the transition function x(t), and the vertical axis coordinate satisfies the transition function y(t).

[0053] Since the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 is formed by performing femtosecond laser direct writing processing on the waveguide device 2, a precise three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 can be formed inside the glass material without damaging the surface of the material. The stability and heat resistance of the glass material enable the connector 20 to work stably under various environmental conditions, thereby being used for three-dimensional directional optical signal transmission. Of course, the waveguide device 2 can also be made of different transparent materials such as lithium niobate, polymers or various crystal materials.

[0054] In some embodiments, the femtosecond laser processing device includes: a femtosecond laser in the near-infrared or visible light band, an objective lens, and a three-dimensional electric translation stage. Before processing, a glass material suitable for laser processing is selected. This material should have sufficient transparency and appropriate optical properties to allow laser pulses to propagate and absorb inside. A femtosecond laser is used, which can generate ultrashort pulses (femtosecond level) with high peak power, which can produce nonlinear optical effects inside the material. The femtosecond laser is focused inside the glass through an objective lens. The focusing position and scanning path of the light beam are precisely controlled to form the desired three-dimensional structure. When the femtosecond laser pulse is focused inside the glass, due to its high peak power, a nonlinear absorption effect can be generated in the focusing area, resulting in permanent changes in the glass material in the local area (such as changes in the refractive index). By precisely controlling the movement and repeated scanning of the laser beam, the refractive index inside the glass is changed point by point, and a three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 is gradually constructed. Using the three-dimensional processing capability of the femtosecond laser, complex three-dimensional paths can be created inside the glass, including structures such as bends, branches, and intersections, without damaging the glass surface. According to the test results, it may be necessary to adjust the laser processing parameters, optimize and iterate to achieve the best performance. The coupling loss of the processed waveguide is <0.35dB / surface, and the transmission loss is <0.15dB / cm (straight waveguide or large bending radius waveguide), so this processing method has the advantages of low loss and high efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments, the length of the first straight waveguide region A ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, for example, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, etc. The length of the curved waveguide region B ranges from 8 mm to 15 mm, for example, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm The length of the first straight waveguide region A ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, for example, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, etc.

[0056] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the spacing between the three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 in the first straight waveguide area A is non-uniformly distributed. For example, the spacing between two adjacent three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 in the first straight waveguide area A may be 127um or an integer multiple thereof, 250um or an integer multiple thereof. The three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 in the same row in the second straight waveguide area C are equidistantly distributed, and the spacing between two adjacent three-dimensional optical waveguides 23 in the second straight waveguide area C may be 80um or an integer multiple thereof, 127um or an integer multiple thereof, 250um or an integer multiple thereof.

[0057] It should be noted that the spacing between each three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the first straight waveguide area A matches the spacing between each second optical port 15, the spacing between each three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the second straight waveguide area C matches the spacing between each optical fiber 302, and the diameter of each three-dimensional optical waveguide 23 in the second straight waveguide area C matches the diameter of each optical fiber 302.

[0058] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, one of the first plug-in structure and the second plug-in structure is a plug-in component 3, and the other is a plug-in slot. For example, the first plug-in structure may be a plug-in component 3, and the second plug-in structure may be a plug-in slot, and the plug-in component 3 is plugged and matched with the plug-in slot; wherein, two plug-ins 3 may be provided, and the two plug-ins 3 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the fourth side 22 of the waveguide device 2.

[0059] It should be noted that the first plug-in structure may also be a plug-in slot, and the second plug-in structure may also be a plug-in component 3 .

[0060] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 The second side 13 of the adapter 1 is provided with a first step 16, and the third side 21 of the waveguide device 2 is provided with a second step 24. The first step 16 and the second step 24 are assembled. The first step 16 and the second step 24 can be used to achieve accurate positioning of the adapter 1 and the waveguide device 2, and facilitate rapid alignment of the second optical port 15 and the three-dimensional optical waveguide 23. Among them, two second steps 24 can be provided, and the adapter 1 and the waveguide device 2 can be fixed by bonding.

[0061] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 The adapter 1 is also provided with a fifth side 17 respectively connected to the first side 12 and the second side 13, the third side 21 is connected to the second side 13, the waveguide device 2 is at least partially arranged on the fifth side 17, and a third step 4 for assembling with the optoelectronic module 10 is provided between the third side 21 and the fifth side 17, wherein the third step 4 is assembled with the substrate 101, which can realize the rapid alignment of the first optical port 14 and the third optical port, and at the same time, the connector 20 can be bonded and fixed on the substrate 101 to avoid damaging the optical chip 102.

[0062] It should be noted that after the connector 20 is bonded and fixed on the substrate 101, the first side 12 of the adapter 1 is fitted with the side of the optical chip 102 provided with the third optical port; after the ferrule 30 is plugged into the waveguide device 2, the fourth side 22 of the waveguide device 2 is fitted with the side of the ferrule 30 provided with the end face of the optical fiber 302, thereby achieving precise end face coupling between the connector 20 and the optical chip 102, and between the connector 20 and the ferrule 30, improving the coupling efficiency of the optical signal, reducing the loss of the optical signal, low transmission loss, and mode field matching. Moreover, the connector 20 can also be seamlessly integrated into the optical chip 102.

[0063] During the assembly process of the optoelectronic module 10, the connector 20 and the ferrule 30, a multi-dimensional electric or manual translation stage can be used to couple the optoelectronic module 10, the connector 20 and the ferrule 30. Use a vacuum adsorption fixture to fix the optoelectronic module 10 and the connector 20, and adjust the position of the optoelectronic module 10 and the connector 20 under the real-time observation of a high-definition camera. After confirming the coupling condition and performing preliminary alignment, use the real-time monitoring of the optical power meter to feedback the position deviation. After fine adjustment, use ultraviolet glue for curing, and use ultraviolet glue with good light transmittance for end face coupling to reduce the effect of curing deformation on the coupling loss of the device. Insert the ferrule 30 into the connector 20 and fix it with glue. After the device is processed and coupled, the loss per channel does not exceed 1.5dB, and the typical value is 1.0dB.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A connector, characterized in that: include: An adapter seat is provided with a plurality of optical channels which are spaced apart and arranged in a row, the adapter seat is provided with a first side and a second side which are relatively distributed, the optical channel passes through the first side and the second side to form a first optical port and a second optical port respectively, the first optical port is used to be aligned with the third optical port of the optoelectronic module; A waveguide device is connected to the adapter and is provided with a third side and a fourth side that are relatively distributed. A plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides that do not interfere with each other and do not cross each other are provided in the waveguide device. The plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides are arranged in a row on the surface of the third side and are aligned one-to-one with the plurality of second optical ports, and are aligned one-to-one with the plurality of optical fibers of the ferrule on the surface of the fourth side. The three-dimensional optical waveguides are arranged in at least one row on the surface of the fourth side; and, The first plug-in structure is arranged on the waveguide device, and the first plug-in structure is used for plugging and matching with the second plug-in structure of the ferrule.

2. The connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the direction from the third side toward the fourth side, the waveguide device is provided with a first straight waveguide region, a curved waveguide region, and a second straight waveguide region which are distributed in sequence and continuously; wherein the lengths of the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the first straight waveguide region and the second straight waveguide region are perpendicular to the coupling interface between the waveguide device and the ferrule, and the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide region is bent relative to the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the first straight waveguide region and the second straight waveguide region.

3. The connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bending loss of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide region satisfies the following formula: Among them, a t is the bending loss of the three-dimensional optical waveguide, a is the bending loss coefficient of the three-dimensional optical waveguide, R is the curvature radius of the three-dimensional optical waveguide, L is the length of the curved waveguide region, and S is the transition function of the curved waveguide region.

4. The connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transition function of the curved waveguide region satisfies the following formula: Among them, x(t) is the transition function in the horizontal direction, A1 is the horizontal component of the relative displacement of the cross-sections at both ends of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide area, y(t) is the transition function in the vertical direction, A2 is the vertical component of the relative displacement of the cross-sections at both ends of the three-dimensional optical waveguide in the curved waveguide area.

5. The connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the first straight waveguide area ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm, the length of the curved waveguide area ranges from 8mm to 15mm, and the length of the first straight waveguide area ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm.

6. The connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intervals between the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the first straight waveguide region are non-uniformly distributed, and the three-dimensional optical waveguides in the same row in the second straight waveguide region are equidistantly distributed.

7. The connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the first plug-in structure and the second plug-in structure is a plug-in component, and the other is a plug-in slot.

8. The connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first step is provided on the second side of the adapter, a second step is provided on the third side of the waveguide component, and the first step is assembled with the second step.

9. The connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter is also provided with a fifth side respectively connected to the first side and the second side, the third side is connected to the second side, the waveguide device is at least partially arranged on the fifth side, and a third step for assembling with the optoelectronic module is provided between the third side and the fifth side.

10. An optical communication system, characterized in that: include: The optoelectronic module is provided with a plurality of third optical ports; The connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the optoelectronic module is connected to the first side, and the plurality of the third optical ports are arranged in one-to-one alignment with the plurality of the first optical ports; and A core is connected to the fourth side, the core is provided with a plurality of optical fibers, and the plurality of optical fibers are aligned with the plurality of three-dimensional optical waveguides.

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