Multi-directional backlight type micro-led light field three-dimensional display device

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-direction backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device. The light field three-dimensional display device comprises a MicroLED layer (1), a diffusion microlens array layer (2) and a diffusion layer (3); the MicroLED layer comprises a MicroLED panel (11); a sub-pixel modulation microlens array is further arranged in the MicroLED layer, and a sub-pixel microlens (13) is correspondingly arranged in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array for each light-emitting sub-pixel (111) of the MicroLED panel, the sub-pixel microlens is used for individually modulating a single light-emitting sub-pixel and modulating the direction of light emitted by the light-emitting pixel (111). The light field three-dimensional display device has the advantages of expanded observation visual angle, simplified optical design, high brightness and high contrast, and low manufacturing cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a light field three-dimensional display technology, in particular to a multi-direction backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, light field display technology has attracted widespread attention as a new three-dimensional display technology, with its ability to provide multi-view and glasses-free viewing. Light field display creates realistic three-dimensional images and real viewing angle experiences by simulating light propagation in different directions.

[0003] The existing light field display technology has the following problems:

[0004] 1) Limited viewing angle: the existing light field three-dimensional display technology often has limited viewing angle expansion effect, and cannot provide a wide range of three-dimensional viewing experience;

[0005] 2) Complex structure: the existing light field three-dimensional display technology requires complex optical design and multiple optical elements, resulting in complex system structure and high manufacturing cost;

[0006] 3) Energy efficiency problem: the use of a large number of optical elements in the existing light field three-dimensional display technology may result in low energy efficiency, affecting the brightness and clarity of the display. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-direction backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, which has the advantages of expanding the viewing angle, simplifying the optical design, high brightness and high contrast, and low manufacturing cost.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0009] A multi-direction backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, the light field three-dimensional display device comprising a MicroLED layer, a diffusion microlens array layer and a diffusion layer; the MicroLED layer comprises a MicroLED panel; a sub-pixel modulation microlens array is further provided in the MicroLED layer, and each light-emitting sub-pixel of the MicroLED panel is correspondingly configured with a sub-pixel microlens in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, and the sub-pixel microlens is used for individually modulating a single light-emitting sub-pixel.

[0010] Further, a light guide column is configured for each light-emitting sub-pixel of the MicroLED panel, and the light guide column is arranged between the light-emitting sub-pixel and the sub-pixel microlens.

[0011] Furthermore, all sub-pixel microlenses in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array are arranged in a periodic modulation direction to set the modulation direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the periodic arrangement of the modulation direction is specifically as follows: the periodic arrangement of the modulation direction has a direction change period; in two dimensional directions of the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, all sub-pixel microlenses periodically change the modulation direction according to the direction change period; the modulation directions of all sub-pixel microlenses in the entire sub-pixel modulation microlens array are uniformly distributed; the modulation direction of each unit color is uniformly distributed; for the direction of the sub-pixel RGB arrangement, when the direction change period is a multiple of 3, the modulation directions are staggered.

[0013] Furthermore, the direction change period of the periodic arrangement of the modulation directions ranges from 2 to 7.

[0014] Furthermore, the modulation direction periodic arrangement form is a right-leaning, central-left-leaning periodic arrangement form.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the light field 3D display device of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1) Expanded viewing angle: By modulating the backlight direction of each luminous sub-pixel, the viewing angle of light field display is significantly improved, allowing users to observe the three-dimensional effect from more angles;

[0017] 2) Simplified optical design: By integrating a sub-pixel modulated microlens array on the MicroLED panel and combining it with a diffusion layer, the complexity of the light field 3D display device is reduced, eliminating the need for multi-layer optical components;

[0018] 3) High brightness and high contrast: The high brightness and high contrast of the MicroLED panel itself, combined with the sub-pixel modulated microlens array and diffusion layer, make the light field display effect more vivid and realistic;

[0019] 4) Improved cost-effectiveness: The combined design of MicroLED panel and sub-pixel modulated microlens array effectively reduces manufacturing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a principle diagram of the light field three-dimensional display device of the present invention adopting a right-leaning, central-positive, and left-leaning periodic arrangement form;

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a periodic arrangement of modulation directions using a direction change period of 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with specific embodiments:

[0024] This embodiment provides a multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device, which achieves good display effects through simple structural improvements, especially greatly improving the display viewing angle.

[0025] Before introducing the light field 3D display device of this embodiment, the existing light field 3D display devices are first introduced:

[0026] The existing light field 3D display device mainly includes three components, (refer to Figure 1 ) are display panels (equivalent to Figure 1 MicroLED layer 1), micro lens array (equivalent to Figure 1 The diffusion microlens array layer 2) and the diffusion plate (equivalent to Figure 1 The three are sequentially stacked and combined together to form the overall structure of the light field three-dimensional display device.

[0027] The working principle of existing light field 3D display devices is as follows:

[0028] The display panel provides a light source, and each pixel therein provides a single divergent point light source. The point light source is projected onto the microlens corresponding to the pixel in the microlens array and is focused into directional light. All directional light rays form a light field with different directional information. Since light rays are discrete in space, a diffuser is added to the space to achieve spatial filtering in the angular dimension or plane dimension, making the change of light smoother. In the rendering process, the light field 3D display realizes stereoscopic display by reconstructing the distribution of light emitted by each point in the 3D scene. In this way, the light field 3D display device can achieve a more realistic 3D display effect.

[0029] Next, the light field 3D display device of this embodiment is described in detail:

[0030] The basic structure of the light field 3D display device in this embodiment is essentially the same as that of traditional light field 3D displays. The main difference (and innovation) lies in the configuration of a microlens for each luminous sub-pixel on the MicroLED panel, enabling modulation of each sub-pixel. While traditional light field 3D displays emit diffuse light 180 degrees in space, the light field 3D display device in this embodiment uses a single-pixel microlens to modulate the light and emit backlight with specific directional information.

[0031] Specifically,

[0032] The light field three-dimensional display device of this embodiment includes a MicroLED layer 1 , a diffusion microlens array layer 2 and a diffusion layer 3 .

[0033] The MicroLED layer 1 includes a MicroLED panel 11, and a sub-pixel microlens 13 is correspondingly configured for each luminous sub-pixel 111 of the MicroLED panel 11. The sub-pixel microlens 13 is used to individually modulate the corresponding single luminous sub-pixel 111, mainly modulating the direction of light emitted by the luminous sub-pixel 111, so that the light emitted by the MicroLED layer 1 is directional light, and the units with the same serial number in different periods have the same direction.

[0034] All sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the MicroLED layer 1 are combined together to form a microlens array (two-dimensional array). For the convenience of description, the microlens array is defined as a "sub-pixel modulation microlens array".

[0035] Light emitted by a single luminous sub-pixel 111 passes through the sub-pixel microlens 13 and then enters the diffuse microlens array layer 2 in a predetermined modulation direction. Light rays of the same sequence number at different periods form nearly parallel light clusters. After being modulated by the diffuse microlens array layer 2, the light clusters converge into nearly parallel light rays and are finally focused on the diffuser layer 3, forming a pixel light spot with a certain viewing area. After being modulated by adjacent diffuser microlenses, light clusters in different directions converge on the same pixel light spot in the diffuser layer 3, forming complementary viewing areas.

[0036] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the light emitted by each luminous subpixel 111 is fully modulated by the subpixel microlens 13, a light guide column 12 is provided for each pair of luminous subpixels 111 and subpixel microlens 13. This light guide column 12 is disposed between the luminous subpixel 111 and the subpixel microlens 13. The light guide column 12 acts as a fully internal reflection light guide, similar to an optical fiber. Thus, under the light guiding effect of the light guide column 12, the light emitted by the luminous subpixel 111 is fully modulated by the subpixel microlens 13 and then emitted.

[0037] It should be noted that the modulation directions of the sub-pixel microlenses 13 configured for each luminous sub-pixel 111 are not identical. All sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array are arranged with modulation directions in a specific arrangement. For ease of description, this specific arrangement is defined as a "periodic modulation direction arrangement."

[0038] Specifically, the periodic arrangement of the modulation directions is as follows:

[0039] 1) The periodic arrangement of the modulation direction has a certain period, which is defined as the "direction change period";

[0040] 2) In the longitudinal direction of the array, all sub-pixel microlenses 13 periodically change their modulation directions according to the direction change period, and in the transverse direction of the array, all sub-pixel microlenses 13 periodically change their modulation directions according to the direction change period;

[0041] That is, in the two dimensional directions of the array, all sub-pixel microlenses 13 periodically change their modulation directions according to the direction change period;

[0042] 3) The modulation directions of all sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the entire sub-pixel modulation microlens array are uniformly distributed;

[0043] 4) The modulation direction of each unit color (i.e. R, G, B) is evenly distributed;

[0044] 5) For the sub-pixel RGB arrangement direction, when the direction change period is a multiple of 3, in order to ensure that the unit color is evenly distributed in each modulation direction, the modulation directions cannot be arranged sequentially in the period, but must be staggered in a certain way.

[0045] With this periodic arrangement of modulation directions, light emitted by the luminescent subpixels 111 passes through the subpixel modulation microlens array. Light rays with the same modulation direction at different periods form clusters of nearly parallel rays. Each cluster of rays is modulated by the diffuser microlens array layer 2 and converges onto the diffuser layer 3, forming a luminous point with a defined viewing area. Ultimately, the light rays in each modulation direction correspond to different viewing areas of the light field display, and the discretely distributed viewing areas are seamlessly spliced ​​into a continuous viewing area. As the viewer moves, the light parameters of adjacent modulation periods are matched, achieving a dynamic and smooth transition of viewing angles. Ultimately, a three-dimensional display with a wide viewing angle is formed on the diffuser layer 3. Furthermore, the use of MicroLEDs as the light source offers higher brightness and contrast. Furthermore, by periodically reusing modulation directions, the discretely distributed viewing areas are seamlessly spliced ​​into a continuous viewing area, while maintaining the independence of the light encoding within each viewing area. This achieves the desired effect of combining high resolution with a wide viewing angle, significantly reducing visual fatigue, and supporting multi-user observation with free movement.

[0046] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the modulation direction periodic arrangement adopts a direction change period of three. That is, the sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array are provided with three modulation directions: "right-leaning," "positive," and "left-leaning." For ease of description, this modulation direction periodic arrangement is referred to as a right-leaning, positive-left-leaning periodic arrangement.

[0047] In this periodic arrangement of right-leaning, center-center, and left-leaning, 1 represents right-leaning, 2 represents center-center, and 3 represents left-leaning. Since the period is a multiple of 3, a certain amount of dislocation is added to the arrangement. In the horizontal direction, it is arranged in the order of right-leaning, center-center, and left-leaning. In the vertical direction, it is arranged in the order of right-leaning, left-leaning, center-center. Figure 3 In the display, each monochrome pixel has a different modulation direction, and in the 6×6 display unit, the modulation direction of each unit color is evenly distributed.

[0048] In other embodiments, the direction change period used in the periodic arrangement of the modulation direction can be set according to the required size of the observation area, such as 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, etc. It should be noted that on the same MicroLed screen, as the direction change period increases, the observation area will increase, and the resolution of a single viewpoint in the three-dimensional display will decrease.

[0049] The light field three-dimensional display device of this embodiment has the advantages of:

[0050] 1) Expanded viewing angle: By modulating the backlight direction of each luminous sub-pixel 111, the viewing angle of the light field display is significantly improved, allowing users to observe the three-dimensional effect from more angles;

[0051] 2) Simplified optical design: By integrating a sub-pixel modulated microlens array on the MicroLED panel 11 and combining it with a diffusion layer 3, the complexity of the light field 3D display device is reduced, eliminating the need for multi-layer optical components.

[0052] 3) High brightness and high contrast: The high brightness and high contrast of the MicroLED panel 11, combined with the sub-pixel modulated microlens array and diffusion layer 3, make the light field display effect more vivid and realistic;

[0053] 4) Cost-effectiveness: Due to the combined design of the MicroLED panel 11 and the sub-pixel modulated microlens array, the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced, while the brightness and clarity of the display are improved, achieving a good display effect.

[0054] It should be noted that the diffusion layer 3 mentioned in this embodiment is actually a diffusion plate.

[0055] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, the light field three-dimensional display device comprising a MicroLED layer (1), a diffusion microlens array layer (2) and a diffusion layer (3); the MicroLED layer (1) comprises a MicroLED panel (11); Its characteristics are: A sub-pixel modulation microlens array is also provided in the MicroLED layer (1), wherein each luminous sub-pixel (111) of the MicroLED panel (11) is correspondingly provided with a sub-pixel microlens (13), and the sub-pixel microlens (13) is used to individually modulate a single luminous sub-pixel (111); All sub-pixel microlenses (13) in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array are arranged in a periodic modulation direction to set the modulation direction; The periodic arrangement of the modulation directions is specifically as follows: The periodic arrangement of the modulation directions has a direction change period; In two dimensional directions of the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, all sub-pixel microlenses (13) periodically change their modulation directions according to a direction change period; The modulation directions of all sub-pixel microlenses (13) in the entire sub-pixel modulation microlens array are uniformly distributed; The modulation direction of each unit color is evenly distributed; For the direction of the sub-pixel RGB arrangement, when the direction change period is a multiple of 3, the modulation direction is staggered.

2. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light guide column (12) is configured for each luminous sub-pixel (111) of the MicroLED panel (11), and the light guide column (12) is arranged between the luminous sub-pixel (111) and the sub-pixel microlens (13).

3. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction change period of the periodic arrangement of the modulation directions ranges from 2 to 7.

4. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulation direction periodic arrangement form is a right-leaning, central-left-leaning periodic arrangement form.

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