Three-dimensional search and localization in wireless communication system

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A first wireless device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) or a network entity) may identify a set of multiple distance estimates for multiple devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device. The first wireless device may identify a possible location using a pair of coordinate values for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. Based on the set of distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the first wireless device may determine a set of parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process, the set of parameters including an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The first wireless device may communicate with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following relates to wireless communications, including three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each of which supports wireless communication of a communication device, which may be referred to as a user equipment (UE).

[0003] A transmitting device (e.g., a UE or a network entity) may perform beamforming with a receiving device. Performing three-dimensional beamforming may include focusing a beam in a near field using a depth parameter. In some cases, a receiving wireless device may be located near other wireless devices and reflectors, and the transmitting wireless device may not be able to distinguish a single receiving wireless device from numerous other wireless devices or reflections unless the receiving wireless device is within line of sight. Therefore, some wireless communication systems may not be able to support wireless devices performing three-dimensional beamforming when the receiving wireless device is not within line of sight of the transmitting device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices and apparatuses that support three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems. For example, the described technology supports a sender device and a receiver device to perform three-dimensional beamforming, and the receiver device can be in line of sight or out of line of sight. The sender device (e.g., a network entity or a base station) can identify the focus depth and then run a focus Fourier transform, which is a modified Fourier transform with depth compensation, to accurately estimate the position and distance of the receiver device (e.g., user equipment (UE)) to perform three-dimensional beamforming. In some cases, such as in a downlink-centric method, the network entity can scan multiple distances and positions by sending multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals, each of which goes to a different distance or position. When the UE receives one of the reference signals sent, the UE can measure the beam reception quality and report feedback measurement results to the network entity.

[0005] Alternatively, in an uplink-centric method, the UE may send a reference signal to the network entity, and the network entity may estimate the position of the UE using a focused Fourier transform based on the received reference signal. In either option, the network entity may then use the determined distance and location information to generate three-dimensional beamforming. In both the downlink-centric method and the uplink-centric method, the sender device may use various methods to estimate the distance. For example, in a search-based method, the sender device may find the peak energy by running cross-correlation at different times. As another example, the sender device may perform a phase-based method that measures the relative phase between segments of the received waveform. As another example, the receiver device may perform a scanning and feedback method by providing feedback on the received signal strength to the sender device. After determining the distance, the sender device may perform a focused Fourier transform on the distance to identify the expected object from a set of objects and then perform three-dimensional beamforming.

[0006] A method for wireless communication at a first wireless device is described. The method may include: identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for multiple devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first wireless device is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: identify a set of multiple distance estimates for multiple devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; identify a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determine a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and communicate with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first wireless device is described. The apparatus may include: means for identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for multiple devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; means for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; means for determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and means for communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first wireless device is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: identify a set of multiple distance estimates for multiple devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; identify a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determine a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and communicate with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0010] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the three-dimensional beamforming process using at least one parameter of the determined set of multiple parameters during wireless communication between the first wireless device and the second wireless device.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing the three-dimensional beamforming process may include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining the set of multiple parameters for sending a three-dimensional beam using an estimated channel response.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: performing the three-dimensional beamforming process may be associated with a channel estimate signal-to-noise ratio satisfying a threshold.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: identifying the possible location of the second wireless device includes performing a Fourier transform using the coordinate value of the first direction as input.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the focused Fourier transform can be performed using a simplified approach that improves angular resolution.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, at least one distance estimate in the set of multiple distance estimates corresponds to a reflection of the second wireless device.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of multiple parameters includes one or more antenna phases in a set of multiple antenna phases for corresponding one or more antenna elements in a set of multiple antenna elements at the first wireless device.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, identifying the possible location of the second wireless device may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending a set of multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals at a set of multiple locations and a set of multiple distances based on the set of multiple distance estimates; and receiving a corresponding indication of a corresponding signal in the set of multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals from a set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device, the corresponding signal in the set of multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals being associated with a peak received energy at each signal source in the set of multiple signal sources, wherein the corresponding location of the set of multiple signal sources can be identified based on the corresponding indication.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, identifying the possible location of the second wireless device may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving one or more reference signals from a set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device; and estimating corresponding locations of the set of multiple signal sources based on relative phase differences of the one or more reference signals received at different antenna elements of the first wireless device.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, estimating the respective positions of the set of the plurality of signal sources may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing a Fourier transform based on the one or more reference signals and the identified distance estimate to identify the relative phase difference of the one or more reference signals.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, determining the set of multiple parameters may include operations, features, components, or instructions for separating one or more phase terms from the Fourier transform, where the one or more phase terms may be included in the set of multiple parameters.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for identifying a set of multiple signal sources based on identifying the corresponding positions of the set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device, wherein the set of multiple signal sources includes a physical object or a set of multiple physical objects and a reflection or a set of multiple reflections in the set of multiple physical objects.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, identifying the possible location of the second wireless device may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: identifying corresponding locations of a set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device based on outputs from a neural network.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first wireless device and the second wireless device may not be within line of sight of each other.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of multiple distance estimates can be used to characterize the reflector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0026] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0027] Figure 3 An example of a process flow for supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0028] Figure 4 and Figure 5 A block diagram of a device supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 6 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 7 A diagram of a system including a UE supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 8 A diagram of a system including network entities supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0032] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In some wireless communication systems, a wireless device may perform three-dimensional beamforming. A wireless device (e.g., a network entity or user equipment (UE)) may utilize a holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system to transmit one or more beams with three-dimensional beamforming. In three-dimensional beamforming, in addition to two-dimensional beamforming parameters, the wireless device may also use depth parameters to focus the beam toward a receiving wireless device (e.g., a network entity or UE) at a specific location in the near field. In some cases, the receiving wireless device may be located near other wireless devices, and the sending wireless device may not be able to distinguish a single receiving wireless device from many other wireless devices unless the receiving wireless device is within line of sight. Therefore, when the receiving wireless device is not within line of sight of the sending device, some wireless communication systems may not be able to support the wireless device to perform three-dimensional beamforming.

[0034] The techniques, apparatuses, and methods described herein support a transmitter device to aim at a receiver device among many other signal sources (e.g., wireless devices or reflectors) for three-dimensional beamforming. Specifically, the transmitter device may identify a focus depth, and may use the focus depth to determine the position of one or more wireless devices. The focus depth may refer to a measure of the position of the plane of the receiver device relative to the many other signal sources. For example, when estimating the position of a specific receiver wireless device, the transmitter wireless device may identify a distance estimate set of coordinate values ​​of the distance along a first direction between the transmitter device and the receiver device. The transmitter device may identify a possible position of the receiver device, and may use the distance estimate set and the possible position to determine the parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process to the receiver device. The transmitter device may then use at least one of the determined parameters to perform a three-dimensional beamforming process during wireless communication with the receiver device. In one aspect, the transmitter device may rely on an uplink reference signal from the receiver device to estimate the position of the receiver device. On the other hand, the transmitter device may rely on a downlink reference signal to estimate the position of the receiver device. The transmitting device can use the reference signal and the focus depth to perform a focused Fourier transform to accurately estimate the position and distance of the receiving device to perform three-dimensional beamforming. Based on this calculation, the transmitting device can determine the three-dimensional beamforming parameters for communicating with the receiving device.

[0035] Aspects of the present disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to additional wireless communication systems, process flows, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow diagrams related to three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems.

[0036] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a long term evolution (LTE) network, an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a new radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies (including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein).

[0037] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and may include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, the network entities 105 may be referred to as network elements, mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, the network entities 105 and the UE 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, the network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) within which the UE 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area within which the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may support signal communications according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0038] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or both stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communication with various types of devices, such as Figure 1 Communicate with other UEs 115 or network entities 105) as shown.

[0039] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the node may be a UE 115. As another example, the node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, etc. may include disclosure of UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, etc. as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that the first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0040] In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, with each other, or both. For example, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., according to a midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., according to a fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc. or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155 .

[0041] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a transceiver base station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home Node B, a Home Evolved Node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, the network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, stand-alone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0042] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 105 in the decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of the decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0043] The functional split between CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between CU 160 and DU 165 such that CU 160 may support one or more layers of a protocol stack and DU 165 may support one or more different layers of a protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 may host higher protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DUs 165 and RUs 170, such that the DUs 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the RUs 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DUs 165 may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, the functional split between CU 160 and DU 165 or between DU 165 and RU 170 may be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer may be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by different ones of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, midhaul communication link 162 or fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on interfaces (eg, channels) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that communicate via those communication links.

[0044] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be controlled in part by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a collection of independent antennas for relaying communications with the UE 115, or may share the same antenna of the IAB node 104 (e.g., of the RU 170) for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0045] In the case where the techniques described herein are applied to the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture may be configured to support three-dimensional search and positioning in the wireless communication system described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be additionally or alternatively performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0046] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where a "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0047] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 shown.

[0048] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 may use resources associated with one or more carriers to wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links). The term "carrier" may refer to a collection of RF spectrum resources having a physical layer structure defined to support the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communications with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, the UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between the network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between a device and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of the network entity 105. For example, the terms "send," "receive," or "communicate" when referring to the network entity 105 may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0049] The signal waveform transmitted via the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system using MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), so that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively high order modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers, beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0050] The time interval for the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, which may be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, for which Δf max It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. The time intervals of the communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each radio frame having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0051] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended in front of each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, the time slot may be further divided into a plurality of micro time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0052] A subframe, a time slot, a mini-time slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0053] Physical channels may be multiplexed according to various techniques in order to communicate using a carrier. For example, physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed using one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique to signal via a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across a system bandwidth of a carrier or a subset of that system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE115 may monitor or search a control region to obtain control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level of a control channel candidate may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to a plurality of UEs 115 , and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0054] In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) may be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0055] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). The UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communications and may be supported by one or more services (such as push-to-talk, video or data). Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0056] In some examples, the UE 115 may be configured to support communication directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in a group that are performing D2D communication may be within a coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside of the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0057] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity for managing access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity for routing packets or interconnecting to an external network (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW)), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access layer (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the IP service 150 of one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0058] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands that may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). In general, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is about one decimeter to one meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves may be sufficient to penetrate structures so that macro cells provide services to UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using lower frequencies and longer wavelengths of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0059] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band). When operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration combined with component carriers operating using licensed bands (e.g., LAA). Operations performed using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0060] The network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals sent via the antenna ports.

[0061] The network entity 105 or UE 115 may use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by sending or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technology may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may be sent, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, the multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO technology includes single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to the same receiving device; in multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), multiple spatial layers are sent to multiple devices.

[0062] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that may be used at a sender device or a receiver device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the sender device and the receiver device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals conveyed via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating along a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals conveyed via antenna elements may include the sender device or the receiver device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the sender device or the receiver device or relative to some other orientation).

[0063] The network entity 105 or the UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the network entity 105 (e.g., the base station 140, the RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be sent multiple times by the network entity 105 along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may send signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmission along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as the network entity 105), or by a receiving device (such as the UE 115)) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.

[0064] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be sent by a sending device (e.g., a sending network entity 105, a sending UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device (such as a receiving network entity 105 or a receiving UE 115)). In some examples, a beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals sent along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals sent by network entity 105 along different directions, and may report to network entity 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0065] In some examples, transmission by a device (e.g., by network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Network entity 105 may send a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), which may be precoded or not precoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel codebook, a linear combination codebook, a port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals sent along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), UE 115 may use similar techniques to send signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115), or to send signals along a single direction (e.g., to send data to a receiving device).

[0066] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform reception operations according to multiple reception configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a receiving device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device may perform reception according to multiple reception directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays, processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, receiving according to different reception beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or processing received signals according to different reception beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different reception configurations or reception directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single reception configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). A single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0067] Some wireless communication systems may be configured to use beamforming techniques that can support both direction discrimination and distance discrimination. For example, a sender device (e.g., a network entity or UE) may be configured to perform a three-dimensional beamforming technique, in which the sender device may use different antenna panels to form a three-dimensional transmit beam to a receiver device, and the receiver device may distinguish between the direction and distance between the receiver device and the sender device. Therefore, the sender device may focus the transmit beam toward a point to the user in the diffraction near field, rather than transmitting the signal in a general direction as in two-dimensional beamforming. In particular, a three-dimensional beam differs from a two-dimensional beam in that the three-dimensional beam may include a depth parameter. Specifically, the sender device may use distance and target position as parameters for three-dimensional beamforming. However, if the depth parameter is not accurately determined, the efficiency of the three-dimensional beam may be low. In some cases, the sender device may be able to perform three-dimensional beamforming within the line of sight of the receiver device.

[0068] In optics, reflections from mirror-like surfaces can produce virtual images. In some cases, there may be multiple reflections, thereby producing multiple virtual images. In this way, virtual images may be perceived as real objects or sources. Therefore, identifying multiple reflections may not accurately locate the real source because two reflections may be mistakenly identified as a source image pair. Similarly, in wireless communications, a wireless transmitter (e.g., a transmitter device) may perceive multiple objects as potential receivers (e.g., a receiver device) and may distinguish multiple objects to identify the target receiver. According to the present disclosure, a transmitter device may identify multiple distance estimates along a first direction (e.g., a Z direction) of the distance between a transmitter device and a receiver device. In some cases, the transmitter device may determine the position of the receiver device by calculating the Fourier transform of the received waveform. The received waveform may be based on a reference signal sent to the receiver device. For example, the transmitter device may send multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals to multiple positions and distances based on multiple distance estimates.

[0069] The receiving device may receive one or more of the reference signals, measure the beam reception quality, and send an indication corresponding to the reference signal associated with the peak received energy. The sending device may use the received distance estimate indication to identify the possible location of the receiving device. Additionally or alternatively, one or more receiving devices may send one or more reference signals, which are received by the sending device. The sending device may perform a Fourier transform based on the received one or more reference signals, and may use the identified distance to identify the relative phase difference of the one or more reference signals.

[0070] Therefore, the sender device can estimate the position of one or more receiver devices based on the relative phase difference between the received reference signals. Using relative phase can provide the benefit of avoiding signal degradation due to phase noise. However, in some cases, unless the distance is compensated, the result of the Fourier transform calculation may be useless (for example, because the sender device may not be able to use the energy of the Fourier transform to estimate the position of the source or object). The distance compensation can be calculated based on the assumption that the receiver antenna has a radius R of finite size, so that the Fourier transform calculated using the phase of the antenna can produce a finite energy value. Therefore, the focused Fourier transform using distance compensation can improve the accuracy of the method for estimating the position and distance of multiple objects. Although the sender device can accurately identify multiple objects and estimate the position using Fourier transform, the sender device may make mistakes when pairing each identified object with its corresponding estimated position. In order to mitigate such errors when pairing between the estimated position and the identified object, the sender device can pair the strongest point (for example, the point corresponding to the strongest received energy) or the point with the shortest distance with each identified object. For example, the sending device may identify multiple distance estimates between the sending device and possible receiving devices along a direction. The sending device may also identify possible locations of the receiving device (e.g., coordinate pairs of the second direction and the third direction), and determine a set of parameters for three-dimensional beamforming based on the distance estimates and the possible locations of the receiving device. The sending device may use the set of parameters to perform a three-dimensional beamforming process with the receiving device.

[0071] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 can be implemented by one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless device 105-a and the wireless device 115-a can each be as described in reference Figure 1 105-a and 115-a may be examples of UE 115 or network entity 105, and either device may be a sender device or a receiver device. For purposes of illustration, wireless communication system 200 may assume that wireless device 105-a is an example of network entity 105 and wireless device 115-a is an example of UE 115. Wireless device 105-a and wireless device 115-a may communicate via communication link 220. Wireless device 105-a and wireless device 115-a may be outside of line of sight of each other and communicate using three-dimensional beamforming.

[0072] In some cases, the wireless device 115-a may be one of a number of objects (M) within the receiving range of the wireless device 105-a. The wireless device 115-a may be located at coordinates (x m ,y m, z m )处。 In the two-dimensional x-z plane, each object may have coordinates (x m , z m ), where m = 0, 1,..., (M - 1). Although the equations described herein may be defined in two dimensions, it may be assumed that the y component can be treated in the same manner as the x component, and thus the equations described herein can be extended to the third dimension in a similar manner. As Figure 2 illustrated, the wireless device 115-a may be located at (x, 0). The wireless device 105-a may receive waveforms from multiple objects or M sources, and the waveform may be (e.g., in the far field) paraxially approximated as:

[0073]

[0074] The received signal amplitude A(x) from the Mth source can be further defined in Equation (4).

[0075]

[0076] The wireless device 105-a may perform a Fourier transform by using the coordinate value of the first direction (e.g., the z coordinate) as an input to process the received signal A(x), as shown in Equation (5).

[0077]

[0078] However, without compensating for the distance, the result obtained from Equation (5) may not be optimal. In some cases, the Fourier transform of the received signal phase determined in this way may result in infinite frequencies. Additionally or alternatively, the depth and frequency (e.g., angular) resolutions may not be optimal because x m <R. To overcome such limitations, the wireless device 105-a may utilize distance estimation to focus and achieve a finer resolution of the vertical plane located at that distance. Such resolution can be achieved by incorporating the phase term into the received waveform A m (x) as shown in Equation (4). This can be regarded as a spherical wave converging or focusing at a distance In some cases, if z m is unknown, the wireless device 105-a may estimate or compensate for this term. For example, if z in Equation (4) m is unknown, the wireless device 105-a may use a predefined value for the z m term. In some cases, the phase term may be referred to as a distance focusing term. The distance focusing term can be applied to each of the sources and multiple objects in the received waveform. Therefore, Equation (5) can be modified to Equation (6) including the phase term. This with depth compensation (such as for z mThe Fourier transform method of compensating the term) or the distance focusing term can be called "focused Fourier transform".

[0079]

[0080] The result of equation (6) is It can be approximated as In addition, if The frequency (eg, angular) resolution can be further improved. m With a good estimate of and depth compensation term, the angular resolution of equation (6) can be significantly improved. m Based on the estimate, wireless device 105-a can use z m It should be noted that the above example uses the paraxial approximation as an example to illustrate how depth compensation can be performed. It can be easily understood that the methodology applied in this example is also applicable to other use cases, that is, additionally introducing depth compensation to improve the depth and / or angular resolution of beamforming.

[0081] For z m In one implementation, the wireless device 105-a may use a searcher or cross-correlation based timing estimate to estimate the distance z of the wireless device 115-a. m The wireless device 105-a may use the total delay to estimate the distance, which may be related to The wireless device 105-a may calculate the peak energy associated with each estimated distance and select the distance associated with the highest peak energy. For example, the wireless device 105-a may run cross-correlation at different time periods to find different peak energies and may determine the highest peak energy from the multiple peak energies. The resolution of the search may be a fraction of the chip duration, which may be defined as 1 / bandwidth, where the bandwidth may be the bandwidth of the reference signal. Such a resolution may be sufficient to determine z m In some cases, wireless device 105-a and wireless device 115-a may not be synchronized, in which case a round trip time (RTT) estimate may be used to estimate the one-way propagation delay. Thus, wireless device 115-a and wireless device 105-a may perform signaling to switch transmitter and receiver roles so that wireless device 115-a may measure the one-way delay based on the signal received from wireless device 105-a.

[0082] In another implementation, the wireless device 105 - a may use the phase of the received waveform to estimate the distance z of the wireless device 115 - a. mSpecifically, the wireless device 105-a may measure segments in the waveforms received from the plurality of objects. For example, the wireless device 105-a may identify the segments in the received waveforms and measure the relative phases of the received waveforms. In some cases, the relative phase may be more stable than the absolute phase of the waveform. The wireless device 105-a may repeatedly measure the relative phase of multiple received waveforms at different locations. In some cases, the wireless device 105-a may attempt to measure multiple segments within the received waveform because the number of sources or the locations of the sources may be unknown. The wireless device 105-a may use the relative phase to avoid degradation due to phase noise.

[0083] In another implementation, the wireless device 105 - a may estimate the distance z of the wireless device 115 - a by scanning and receiving feedback. m . Both a sending device (e.g., wireless device 105-a) and a receiving device (e.g., wireless device 115-a) may perform scanning. For example, in a downlink-centric process, wireless device 105-a may use beam 205 to scan across multiple distances and locations. Wireless device 105-a may use beam 205 to send multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals at multiple locations and multiple distances based on distance estimation, thereby identifying possible locations using a pair of coordinate values ​​in a second direction and a third direction. A receiving device (e.g., wireless device 115-a) may receive one or more beams in beam 205 and perform measurements on beam 205, such as beam reception quality. Wireless device 115-a may send a corresponding feedback message 225 to wireless device 105-a, the feedback message including an indication of the beam measurement results. Wireless device 105-a may determine which beam in beam 205 may correspond to the highest peak energy based on feedback message 225, and use the beam to estimate distance z. m In other cases, the wireless device 115-a may perform an uplink-centric process in which the wireless device 115-a transmits a reference signal to the wireless device 105-a using one or more beams 215. The wireless device 105-a may determine the highest peak energy corresponding to the received reference signal and estimate the distance z based on the received reference signal. m Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 105-a may be configured to communicate with the wireless device 105-a based on the RTT or by applying a m Assume that , make an initial distance estimate for this distance.

[0084] The wireless device 105-a may use the estimated distance z mThe wireless device 105-a may perform a focused Fourier transform (e.g., focusing a beam in a near field using the estimated depth parameter) to obtain an estimate of a position of each of the plurality of objects. The wireless device 105-a may identify one or more signal sources including the wireless device 115-a based on identifying the positions of the plurality of objects. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 105-a may identify a relative phase difference of one or more reference signals used for the focused Fourier transform.

[0085] The wireless device 105-a may determine one or more parameters for performing three-dimensional beamforming based on the estimated positions of the multiple objects. These parameters may include one or more antenna phases of one or more antenna phases of the corresponding one or more antenna elements of the wireless device 105-a, and define the direction and actual focusing depth of the three-dimensional beamforming process. In some cases, the wireless device 105-a may use the estimated receiver channel response for three-dimensional beamforming weights, such as in low data rate transmissions (e.g., control information transmissions), where the wireless device 105-a uses the estimated channel response as a matched filter for transmission. However, in other cases, such as in high data rate transmissions, the wireless device 105-a may use a single strong spot to focus energy, thereby improving performance.

[0086] The wireless device 105-a may use the beam 210 to perform three-dimensional beamforming with the wireless device 115-a, which may be defined by the determined parameters. In some implementations, the wireless device 105-a may also use the results of the focused Fourier transform for applications other than three-dimensional beamforming, such as characterizing reflections. For example, the wireless device 105-a may calculate reflection losses. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 105-a may classify a reflector as a diffuse reflector if a cluster of energy is identified rather than a clear source point.

[0087] In some aspects, an artificial intelligence model (e.g., a neural network-based pattern recognition algorithm) may replace the focused Fourier transform. Thus, the wireless device 105-a may train the artificial intelligence model using the phase in the received signal and effectively fit the phase using an estimate of the number of sources, each of which may be located at a different location. Thus, the artificial intelligence may be a nonlinear equation solver of equation (7), where m, x m ,y m and z m It can be unknown.

[0088]

[0089] Figure 3 An example of a process flow 300 for supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 300 may be implemented as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 described above may be implemented by or in accordance with the present invention. For example, the process flow 300 may be implemented by the wireless device 105-b (which may be as described in reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 105) and wireless device 115-b (which may be an example of a network entity 105 as described above) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The example of UE 115 described above is implemented.

[0090] Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 105-b may be an example of a UE 115, and the wireless device 115-b may be an example of a network entity 105, as described with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the following description of process flow 300, operations between wireless device 105-b and wireless device 115-b may be sent in an order different from the example order shown, or operations performed by wireless device 105-b and wireless device 115-b may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 300, and other operations may be added to process flow 300.

[0091] At 305, the wireless device 105-b may identify a plurality of distance estimates of coordinate values ​​of distances between the wireless device 105-b and the wireless device 115-b along a first direction (e.g., a z-direction). In some cases, at least one distance estimate in the set of distance estimates may correspond to a reflection of the wireless device 115-b, and the wireless device 105-b may use the distance estimates to characterize the reflector.

[0092] At 310, the wireless device 105-b may optionally send a set of reference signals to the wireless device 115-b. At 315, the wireless device 115-b may optionally send an indication to the wireless device 105-b. The indication may be based on the set of reference signals received at 310.

[0093] At 320, the wireless device 105-b may identify a possible location of the wireless device 115-b using a pair of coordinate values ​​in the second direction and a third direction (e.g., the x-direction and the y-direction). The wireless device 105-b may identify the location by performing a focused Fourier transform using the coordinate values ​​in the first direction as input. In some cases, the location identified at 320 may optionally be based on an indication received from the wireless device 115-b at 315. The wireless device 115-b may send the indication at 315 based on receiving the reference signal from the wireless device 105-b at 310. Specifically, the wireless device 105-b may send a plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals to a plurality of locations and distances based on the plurality of distances estimated at 305. At 315, the wireless device 105-b may receive corresponding indications of corresponding signals in the plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals from a plurality of wireless devices including the wireless device 115-b. In some cases, the corresponding signals in the set of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals may be associated with peak energies received at the plurality of wireless devices, and the wireless device 105 - b may identify possible locations at 320 based at least in part on the indication received at 315 .

[0094] At 325, the wireless device 105-b may determine a plurality of parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the plurality of distance estimates and the possible location of the wireless device 115-b. The parameters may be the location of the wireless device 115-b and the determined distance, and the wireless device 105-b may use the parameters as input to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0095] At 330, the wireless device 105-b may perform a three-dimensional beamforming process during wireless communications with the wireless device 115-b using at least one of the parameters determined at 325. In some cases, the wireless device 105-b may also perform a three-dimensional beamforming process using the estimated channel response as a matched filter to determine a plurality of parameters for transmitting the three-dimensional beam. In some cases, the wireless device 105-b may perform the three-dimensional beamforming process in association with a channel estimate signal-to-noise ratio satisfying a threshold.

[0096] Figure 4 A block diagram 400 of a device 405 supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 405 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communication manager 420. The device 405 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0097] Receiver 410 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems). The information may be passed to other components of device 405. Receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0098] Transmitter 415 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 405. For example, transmitter 415 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems). In some examples, transmitter 415 may be co-located with receiver 410 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0099] The communication manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, the communication manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0100] In some examples, the communication manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured as or otherwise supports components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, the processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0101] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0102] In some examples, communication manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with receiver 410, transmitter 415, or both. For example, communication manager 420 may receive information from receiver 410, transmit information to transmitter 415, or be integrated in conjunction with receiver 410, transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0103] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 420 can support wireless communications at a first wireless device. For example, the communication manager 420 can be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device. Figure 2 As described, the communication manager 420 may support a component for estimating distance using a searcher or cross-correlation based timing estimate, a phase or scan of a received waveform. The communication manager 420 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The communication manager 420 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The communication manager 420 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0104] By including or configuring a communication manager 420 according to examples as described herein, a device 405 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, a communication manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficiently utilizing communication resources.

[0105] Figure 5A block diagram 500 of a device 505 supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of the device 405, UE 115, or network entity 105 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communication manager 520. The device 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0106] Receiver 510 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems). The information may be passed to other components of device 505. Receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0107] The transmitter 515 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to three-dimensional search and positioning in wireless communication systems). In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with the receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0108] Device 505 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, communication manager 520 may include distance estimate identifier component 525, location identifier component 530, parameter component 535, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 520 may be an example of various aspects of communication manager 420 as described herein. Figure 2 As described, the communication manager 520 may support components for estimating distance using a searcher or cross-correlation based timing estimate, a phase of a received waveform, or a scan. In some examples, the communication manager 520 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communication manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, transmit information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0109] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 520 may support wireless communication at a first wireless device. The distance estimate identifier component 525 may be configured to or otherwise support means for identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device. The location identifier component 530 may be configured to or otherwise support means for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The parameter component 535 may be configured to or otherwise support means for determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The parameter component 535 may be configured to or otherwise support means for communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0110] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a communication manager 620 supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 620 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 420, the communication manager 520, or both as described herein. The communication manager 620 or its various components can be examples of components for performing various aspects of three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, the communication manager 620 may include a distance estimation identifier component 625, a location identifier component 630, a parameter component 635, a beamformer component 640, a reference signal transmitter component 645, a reference signal receiver component 650, a location estimator component 655, a device identification component 660, a location identification component 665, a matched filter component 670, a Fourier transform performer component 675, a phase term separation component 680, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), which communication may include communication within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communication associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with the network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with the network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0111] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 can support wireless communications at a first wireless device. The distance estimate identifier component 625 can be configured as or otherwise support means for identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device. Figure 2As described, the communication manager 620 may be configured to estimate the distance using a searcher or cross-correlation based timing estimate, a phase or scan of the received waveform. The location identifier component 630 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The parameter component 635 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The parameter component 635 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0112] In some examples, the beamformer component 640 may be configured to or otherwise support components for performing the three-dimensional beamforming process using at least one parameter in the determined set of multiple parameters during wireless communication between the first wireless device and the second wireless device. In some examples, to support performing the three-dimensional beamforming process, the matched filter component 670 may be configured to or otherwise support components for determining the set of multiple parameters for sending a three-dimensional beam using the estimated channel response.

[0113] In some examples, performing the three-dimensional beamforming process is associated with a channel estimation signal-to-noise ratio that satisfies a threshold. In some examples, identifying the possible location of the second wireless device includes performing a Fourier transform using the coordinate value of the first direction as input.

[0114] In some examples, the Fourier transform is performed using an approximation of the x-coordinate that improves angular resolution. In some examples, at least one distance estimate in the set of multiple distance estimates corresponds to a reflection of the second wireless device. In some examples, the set of multiple parameters includes one or more antenna phases in a set of multiple antenna phases for corresponding one or more antenna elements in a set of multiple antenna elements at the first wireless device.

[0115] In some examples, to support identifying the possible location of the second wireless device, the reference signal transmitter component 645 may be configured to or otherwise support means for transmitting a set of multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals at a set of multiple locations and at a set of multiple distances based on the set of multiple distance estimates. In some examples, to support identifying the possible location of the second wireless device, the reference signal receiver component 650 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving a corresponding indication of a corresponding signal in the set of multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals from a set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device, the corresponding signal in the set of multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals being associated with a peak received energy at each signal source in the set of multiple signal sources, wherein the corresponding location of the set of multiple signal sources is identified based on the corresponding indication.

[0116] In some examples, to support identifying the possible location of the second wireless device, the reference signal receiver component 650 may be configured or otherwise support components for receiving one or more reference signals from a set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device. In some examples, to support identifying the possible location of the second wireless device, the position estimator component 655 may be configured or otherwise support components for estimating respective locations of the set of multiple signal sources based on relative phase differences of the one or more reference signals received at different antenna elements of the first wireless device.

[0117] In some examples, to support estimating the respective positions of the set of multiple signal sources, the Fourier transform performer component 675 may be configured as or otherwise support components for performing a Fourier transform based on the one or more reference signals and the identified distance estimate to identify the relative phase difference of the one or more reference signals.

[0118] In some examples, to support determining the set of multiple parameters, the phase term separation component 680 may be configured or otherwise support components for separating one or more phase terms from the Fourier transform, where the one or more phase terms are included in the set of multiple parameters.

[0119] In some examples, the device identification component 660 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of multiple signal sources based on identifying the corresponding locations of the set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device, wherein the set of multiple signal sources includes a physical object or a set of multiple physical objects and a reflection or a set of multiple reflections in the set of multiple physical objects.

[0120] In some examples, to support identifying the possible location of the second wireless device, the location identification component 665 may be configured as or otherwise support components for identifying corresponding locations of a set of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device based on outputs from a neural network.

[0121] In some examples, the first wireless device and the second wireless device are not within line of sight of each other.In some examples, the set of multiple distance estimates is used to characterize a reflector.

[0122] Figure 7 A diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 705 may be an example of a device 405, a device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein or include components thereof. The device 705 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof (e.g., wirelessly). The device 705 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller 710, a transceiver 715, an antenna 725, a memory 730, a code 735, and a processor 740. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 745).

[0123] I / O controller 710 can manage input signals and output signals of device 705. I / O controller 710 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 705. In some cases, I / O controller 710 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 710 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 740). In some cases, a user may interact with device 705 via I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 710.

[0124] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna 725. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna 725, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 725, a wired or wireless link, as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715 or the transceiver 715 and the one or more antennas 725 may be examples of the transmitter 415, the transmitter 515, the receiver 410, the receiver 510, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0125] The memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 735 including instructions that, when executed by the processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the processor 740, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 730 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0126] The processor 740 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 740. The processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 730) to enable the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system). For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include a processor 740 and a memory 730 coupled to or coupled to the processor 740, and the processor 740 and the memory 730 are configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0127] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at a first wireless device. For example, the communication manager 720 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device. The communication manager 720 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The communication manager 720 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The communication manager 720 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0128] By including or configuring a communication manager 720 according to examples as described herein, the device 705 can support techniques for improving communication reliability, more efficiently utilizing communication resources, and improving coordination between devices.

[0129] In some examples, the communication manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 720 may be supported or performed by the processor 740, the memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system as described herein, or the processor 740 and the memory 730 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0130] Figure 8A diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of a device 405, a device 505, or a network entity 105 as described herein or include components thereof. The device 805 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, which may include communication through one or more wired interfaces, through one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 805 may include components that support output and acquisition of communications, such as a communication manager 820, a transceiver 810, an antenna 815, a memory 825, a code 830, and a processor 835. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 840).

[0131] The transceiver 810 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both, as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 810 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 810 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 805 may include one or more antennas 815, which may be capable of (e.g., concurrently) sending or receiving wireless transmissions. The transceiver 810 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal, providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 815, via a wired transmitter), receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 815, from a wired receiver), and demodulating the signal. In some implementations, the transceiver 810 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 815 configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 815 configured to support various sending or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 810 may include or be configured to be coupled to one or more processors or memory components, which are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 810 or the transceiver 810 and one or more antennas 815 or the transceiver 810 and one or more antennas 815 and one or more processors or memory components (e.g., processor 835 or memory 825 or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly installed in the device 805. In some examples, the transceiver may be operable to support communications via one or more communication links (eg, communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0132] The memory 825 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 825 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 830 including instructions that, when executed by the processor 835, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 830 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 830 may not be directly executable by the processor 835, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 825 may also include a BIOS, etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0133] The processor 835 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 835 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 835. The processor 835 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 825) to enable the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system). For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include a processor 835 and a memory 825 coupled to the processor 835, and the processor 835 and the memory 825 are configured to perform various functions described herein. The processor 835 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, a virtual machine, or a container instance), which may host functions (e.g., by executing code 830) to perform functions of the device 805. The processor 835 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 805 (such as in the memory 825). In some specific implementations, the processor 835 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to a system or a series of machines or components that receive inputs and process these inputs to produce an output set (which may be passed to, for example, other systems or components of the device 805). For example, the processing system of the device 805 may refer to a system including various other components or subcomponents of the device 805 (such as the processor 835 or the transceiver 810 or the communication manager 820, or other components or combinations of components of the device 805). The processing system of the device 805 may be docked with other components of the device 805, and may process information (such as input or signals) received from other components or output information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of the device 805 may include a processing system and one or more interfaces for outputting information or for obtaining information or both. One or more interfaces may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to obtain information, or the same interface configured to output information and obtain information, among other implementations. In some implementations, one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between a processing system of a chip or modem and a transmitter, so that the device 805 can send information output from the chip or modem. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between a processing system of a chip or modem and a receiver, so that the device 805 can obtain information or signal input, and the information can be passed to the processing system.One of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the first interface may also obtain information or signal input, and the second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0134] In some examples, bus 840 may support communications of protocol layers (e.g., within protocol layers) of a protocol stack. In some examples, bus 840 may support communications associated with logical channels of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of device 805, or communications performed between different components of device 805 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where device 805 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 820, transceiver 810, memory 825, code 830, and processor 835 may be located in one component of different components or divided between different components).

[0135] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may manage aspects of communications with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communication manager 820 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 820 may manage communications with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UEs 115 in collaboration with the other network entities 105. In some examples, the communication manager 820 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between network entities 105.

[0136] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at a first wireless device. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and the second wireless device. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising an input to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0137] By including or configuring a communication manager 820 according to examples as described herein, the device 805 can support techniques for improving communication reliability, more efficiently utilizing communication resources, and improving coordination between devices.

[0138] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 810, one or more antennas 815 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 820 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 810, the processor 835, the memory 825, the code 830, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 830 may include instructions executable by the processor 835 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system as described herein, or the processor 835 and the memory 825 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0139] Fig. 9 A flowchart illustrating a method 900 for supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 or network entity described may be performed. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0140] At 905, the method may include identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between a first wireless device and a second wireless device. The operation of 905 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. Specifically, Figure 2 The method may include estimating the distance using a searcher or cross-correlation based timing estimate, a phase of the received waveform, or a scan. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 905 may be described with reference to Figure 6 The distance estimation identifier component 625 is used to perform the above operation.

[0141] At 910, the method may include identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​of the second direction and the third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The operation of 910 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein (including describing the use of an estimated distance to perform a Fourier transform Figure 2) is performed. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 910 may be performed by reference to Figure 6 The location marker component 630 is executed.

[0142] At 915, the method may include determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The operations of 915 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 915 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 6 The parameter component 635 is used to execute.

[0143] At 920, the method may include communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The operations of 920 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 920 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 6 The parameter component 635 is used to execute.

[0144] Fig.10 A flowchart illustrating a method 1000 for supporting three-dimensional search and positioning in a wireless communication system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 or network entity described may be performed. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0145] At 1005, the method may include identifying a set of multiple distance estimates for a set of devices in a first direction between a first wireless device and a second wireless device. The operations of 1005 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. Specifically, Figure 2 As described, operation 1005 may include estimating the distance using a searcher or cross-correlation based timing estimate, the phase of the received waveform, or performing a scan to estimate the distance. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1005 may be described with reference to Figure 6 The distance estimation identifier component 625 is used to perform the above operation.

[0146] At 1010, the method may include identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​of the second direction and the third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device. The operations of 1010 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be described with reference to Figure 6The location marker component 630 is executed.

[0147] At 1015, the method may include determining a set of multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based on the set of multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the set of multiple parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process. The operations of 1015 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1015 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 6 The parameter component 635 is used to execute.

[0148] At 1020, the method may include performing the three-dimensional beamforming process using at least one parameter in the determined set of multiple parameters during wireless communication between the first wireless device and the second wireless device. The operations of 1020 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1020 may be performed as described with reference to Figure 6 The beamformer component 640 is used to perform the above.

[0149] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0150] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a first wireless device, the method comprising: identifying multiple distance estimates for multiple devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​for a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is the location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determining multiple parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based at least in part on the multiple distance estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the multiple parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

[0151] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, further comprising: performing the three-dimensional beamforming process using at least one parameter of the determined plurality of parameters during wireless communication between the first wireless device and the second wireless device.

[0152] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein performing the three-dimensional beamforming process further comprises: using the estimated channel response to determine the plurality of parameters for transmitting the three-dimensional beam.

[0153] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 3, wherein performing the three-dimensional beamforming process is associated with a channel estimation signal-to-noise ratio satisfying a threshold.

[0154] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device comprises performing a Fourier transform using the coordinate values ​​of the first direction as input.

[0155] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 5, wherein the focused Fourier transform is performed using an approximation of the x-coordinate that improves angular resolution.

[0156] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, wherein at least one distance estimate of the plurality of distance estimates corresponds to a reflection of the second wireless device.

[0157] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises one or more antenna phases of a plurality of antenna phases of corresponding one or more antenna elements of a plurality of antenna elements at the first wireless device.

[0158] Aspect 9: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein identifying the possible position of the second wireless device further includes: sending multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals at multiple positions and multiple distances based at least in part on the multiple distance estimates; and receiving corresponding indications of corresponding signals in the multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals from multiple signal sources including the second wireless device, the corresponding signals in the multiple three-dimensional beamforming reference signals being associated with peak received energy at each of the multiple signal sources, wherein the corresponding positions of the multiple signal sources are identified at least in part based on the corresponding indications.

[0159] Aspect 10: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device also includes: receiving one or more reference signals from multiple signal sources including the second wireless device; and estimating the corresponding positions of the multiple signal sources based at least in part on the relative phase differences of the one or more reference signals received at different antenna elements of the first wireless device.

[0160] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein estimating the respective positions of the plurality of signal sources further comprises: performing a Fourier transform based on the one or more reference signals and the identified distance estimate to identify the relative phase difference of the one or more reference signals.

[0161] Aspect 12: The method according to aspect 11, wherein determining the plurality of parameters further comprises: separating one or more phase terms from the Fourier transform, wherein the one or more phase terms are included in the plurality of parameters.

[0162] Aspect 13: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 12, the method also includes: identifying the multiple signal sources based at least in part on identifying the corresponding positions of the multiple signal sources including the second wireless device, wherein the multiple signal sources include one or more physical objects and one or more reflections of the multiple physical objects.

[0163] Aspect 14: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device further comprises: identifying corresponding locations of multiple signal sources including the second wireless device based at least in part on outputs from a neural network.

[0164] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14, wherein the first wireless device and the second wireless device are not within line of sight of each other.

[0165] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15, wherein the plurality of distance estimates are used to characterize a reflector.

[0166] Aspect 17: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a first wireless device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16.

[0167] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first wireless device, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0168] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0169] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the various operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0170] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0171] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0172] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0173] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium, or sent using one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or a combination of any of these items. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located at different locations, including being distributed so that the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0174] Computer-readable medium includes both non-transient computer storage medium and communication medium, and the communication medium includes any medium that promotes computer program to be transferred from one position to another position.Non-transient storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer.By way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage device, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing desired program code parts and can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer or general or special-purpose processor in the form of instruction or data structure Any other non-transient medium.Moreover, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable medium.For example, if software is sent from website, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. As used herein, disks and optical disks include CDs, laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks. Disks can reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks can reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0175] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0176] The term "determining" encompasses a variety of actions, and thus, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, database or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Furthermore, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in a memory), etc. Additionally, "determining" may include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0177] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference label. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label to distinguish between the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference label, regardless of the second reference label or other subsequent reference labels.

[0178] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "having advantages over other examples." The specific embodiments include specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0179] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a first wireless device, the method comprising: identifying a plurality of distance estimates for a plurality of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​of a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determining a plurality of parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based at least in part on the plurality of range estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the plurality of parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and Communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The three-dimensional beamforming process is performed during wireless communication between the first wireless device and the second wireless device using at least one parameter of the determined plurality of parameters.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein performing the three-dimensional beamforming process further comprises: The plurality of parameters for transmitting the three-dimensional beam are determined using the estimated channel response. 4 . The method of claim 2 , wherein performing the three-dimensional beamforming process is associated with a channel estimate signal-to-noise ratio satisfying a threshold.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of distance estimates corresponds to a reflection of the second wireless device.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device comprises performing a Fourier transform using the coordinate values ​​of the first direction as input.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the Fourier transform is performed using an approximation of the x-coordinate that improves angular resolution.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises one or more of a plurality of antenna phases for corresponding one or more of a plurality of antenna elements at the first wireless device.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device further comprises: transmitting a plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals at a plurality of locations and at a plurality of distances based at least in part on the plurality of range estimates; as well as Receiving respective indications of corresponding signals in the plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals from a plurality of signal sources including the second wireless device, the corresponding signals in the plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals being associated with a peak received energy at each of the plurality of signal sources, wherein the respective positions of the plurality of signal sources are identified based at least in part on the respective indications.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device further comprises: receiving one or more reference signals from a plurality of signal sources including the second wireless device; as well as Respective positions of the plurality of signal sources are estimated based at least in part on relative phase differences of the one or more reference signals received at different antenna elements of the first wireless device.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein estimating the respective positions of the plurality of signal sources further comprises: A Fourier transform is performed based on the one or more reference signals and the identified range estimate to identify the relative phase difference of the one or more reference signals.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the plurality of parameters further comprises: One or more phase terms are separated from the Fourier transform, wherein the one or more phase terms are included in the plurality of parameters.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: A plurality of signal sources are identified based at least in part on identifying the respective locations of a plurality of signal sources including the second wireless device, wherein the plurality of signal sources include one or more physical objects and one or more reflections of the plurality of physical objects.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device further comprises: Respective locations of a plurality of signal sources including the second wireless device are identified based at least in part on the output from the neural network.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the first wireless device and the second wireless device are not within line of sight of each other.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of distance estimates are used to characterize a reflector.

17. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: identifying a plurality of distance estimates for a plurality of devices in a first direction between a first wireless device and a second wireless device; identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​of a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determining a plurality of parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based at least in part on the plurality of range estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the plurality of parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and Communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The three-dimensional beamforming process is performed during wireless communication between the first wireless device and the second wireless device using at least one parameter of the determined plurality of parameters.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions for performing the three-dimensional beamforming process are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The plurality of parameters for transmitting the three-dimensional beam are determined using the estimated channel response.

20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein performing the three-dimensional beamforming process is associated with a channel estimate signal-to-noise ratio satisfying a threshold.

21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein at least one of the plurality of distance estimates corresponds to a reflection of the second wireless device.

22. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein identifying the possible location of the second wireless device comprises performing a Fourier transform using the coordinate values ​​of the first direction as input.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the Fourier transform is performed using an approximation of the x-coordinate that improves angular resolution.

24. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises one or more of a plurality of antenna phases for corresponding one or more of a plurality of antenna elements at the first wireless device.

25. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the instructions for identifying the possible location of the second wireless device are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: transmitting a plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals at a plurality of locations and at a plurality of distances based at least in part on the plurality of range estimates; and Receiving respective indications of corresponding signals in the plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals from a plurality of signal sources including the second wireless device, the corresponding signals in the plurality of three-dimensional beamforming reference signals being associated with a peak received energy at each of the plurality of signal sources, wherein the respective positions of the plurality of signal sources are identified based at least in part on the respective indications.

26. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the instructions for identifying the possible location of the second wireless device are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receiving one or more reference signals from a plurality of signal sources including the second wireless device; and Respective positions of the plurality of signal sources are estimated based at least in part on relative phase differences of the one or more reference signals received at different antenna elements of the first wireless device.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the instructions for estimating respective positions of the plurality of signal sources are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: A Fourier transform is performed based on the one or more reference signals and the identified range estimate to identify the relative phase difference of the one or more reference signals.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the instructions for determining the plurality of parameters are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: One or more phase terms are separated from the Fourier transform, wherein the one or more phase terms are included in the plurality of parameters.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first wireless device, the apparatus comprising: means for identifying a plurality of distance estimates for a plurality of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; means for identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​of a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; means for determining a plurality of parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based at least in part on the plurality of range estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the plurality of parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and Communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

30. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to: identifying a plurality of distance estimates for a plurality of devices in a first direction between the first wireless device and a second wireless device; identifying a possible location using a pair of coordinate values ​​of a second direction and a third direction, wherein the possible location is a location of the second wireless device relative to the first wireless device; determining a plurality of parameters for a three-dimensional beamforming process based at least in part on the plurality of range estimates and the possible location of the second wireless device, the plurality of parameters comprising inputs to the three-dimensional beamforming process; and Communicating with the second wireless device according to the three-dimensional beamforming process.

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