Bidirectional radiating antenna device, wireless communication system and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a bidirectional radiation antenna device, a wireless communication system and electronic equipment, the antenna device comprises a first metal layer, a second metal layer, a third metal layer, at least two first conductive structures and a first feed circuit, and the first metal layer is connected to the third metal layer to realize grounding. The first feed circuit is in coupling connection with the second metal layer and is used for providing in-phase excitation for the second metal layer, the first conductive structure and the first metal layer. An electromagnetic wave opening is defined by the first metal layer, the at least two first conductive structures and the part, opposite to the first metal layer, of the third metal layer in the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device, so that electromagnetic waves are radiated on the two sides of the opening in the second direction. According to the invention, electromagnetic waves can be restrained among the first metal layer, the third metal layer and the two first conductive structures, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted at the two sides of the opening along the second direction, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation, expanding the coverage range of the electromagnetic waves, and improving the radiation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a bidirectional radiation antenna device, a wireless communication system and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] At present, millimeter wave antennas used in electronic products such as mobile phones can generally only achieve unidirectional radiation and perform beam scanning in half space, with a small coverage range. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a bidirectional radiation antenna device, a wireless communication system and an electronic device to realize the bidirectional radiation of the millimeter wave antenna and improve the coverage capability.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a bidirectional radiating antenna device, comprising:

[0005] A first metal layer, a second metal layer and a third metal layer are arranged at intervals, wherein the first metal layer is electrically connected to the third metal layer for grounding;

[0006] At least two first conductive structures, one end of the at least two first conductive structures is connected to the first metal layer at intervals along the first direction, the other end of the at least two first conductive structures is connected to the second metal layer at intervals along the first direction, the first metal layer, the at least two first conductive structures and the third metal layer are surrounded by a portion opposite to the first metal layer along the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device to form an electromagnetic wave opening, the opening is penetrated along the second direction, so that the electromagnetic wave is radiated on both sides of the opening along the second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device;

[0007] A first feeding circuit, coupled to the second metal layer, and configured to provide in-phase excitation for the second metal layer, the first conductive structure, and the first metal layer;

[0008] The first metal layer, the second metal layer, at least a portion of the third metal layer, the first conductive structure, and the first feeding circuit constitute a first polarized antenna unit.

[0009] In the present application, the first metal layer, the third metal layer and the two first conductive structures can constrain electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted along the second direction on both sides of the opening, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation, expanding the coverage range of the electromagnetic waves, and improving the radiation performance.

[0010] In a possible design, a dielectric material is filled between the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer, a first metallized via is provided on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the first metallized via is the first conductive structure, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are coupled and connected through the first metallized via. By providing the first metallized via on the dielectric material, the reliability of the coupling connection between the first metal layer and the second metal layer can be ensured, the space occupied can be reduced, and processing and manufacturing are also facilitated.

[0011] In a possible design, a second metallized via is provided on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, and the first metal layer and the third metal layer are coupled and connected through the second metallized via. The second metallized via can ensure the reliability of the electrical connection between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, thereby ensuring effective grounding, while also reducing space occupation and facilitating processing and manufacturing.

[0012] In a possible design, the electrical length of the first metal layer along the first direction is between 1 / 4λ and 1 / 2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength, which is conducive to the first polarized antenna unit resonating in the millimeter wave frequency band.

[0013] In a possible design, slots are provided at both ends of the third metal layer along the second direction; the bidirectional radiation antenna device further includes a fourth metal layer and a second feeding circuit, the fourth metal layer is coupled and connected to the second feeding circuit, and both ends of the fourth metal layer are coupled and connected to the slots at both ends of the third metal layer, respectively, for providing reverse excitation for the slots at both ends of the third metal layer; the fourth metal layer, at least part of the third metal layer and the second feeding circuit constitute a second polarized antenna unit. Among them, the second feeding circuit can provide reverse excitation for the slots at both ends of the third metal sheet through the fourth metal layer, which is conducive to realizing the horizontal polarization of the antenna unit, that is, the second polarized antenna unit can be constituted as a horizontally polarized antenna unit. Among them, the slots distributed at both ends of the third metal layer can radiate in the second direction, thereby realizing the bidirectional radiation of the second polarized antenna unit. In other words, the first polarized antenna unit and the second polarized antenna unit can be constructed on the third metal layer, and the bidirectional radiation of the two polarized antenna units can be realized, thereby improving the coverage capability of millimeter waves and expanding the bandwidth.

[0014] In a possible design, the second polarized antenna unit and the first polarized antenna unit are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and adjacent first polarized antenna units and second polarized antenna units form a dual-polarized antenna.

[0015] In a possible design, a plurality of the first polarized antenna units and a plurality of the second polarized antenna units are provided, and the plurality of the first polarized antenna units and the plurality of the second polarized antenna units are alternately distributed in the first direction.

[0016] In a possible design, the electrical length between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas is between 1 / 3λ and 2 / 3λ, where λ is the operating wavelength, thereby ensuring good isolation between the two dual-polarized antennas, being beneficial to the design of S parameters, and ensuring that the dual-polarized antennas have a larger scanning range and improving radiation performance.

[0017] In a possible design, the third metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the fourth metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the third metal layer. That is to say, the first metal layer, the fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in sequence. The first conductive structure can be coupled and connected with the second metal layer after passing through the third metal layer, and is insulated from the third metal layer. The first polarized antenna unit is formed between the first metal layer, the third metal layer and at least two first conductive structures, and the second polarized antenna unit is formed between the fourth metal layer and the third metal layer, and the second polarized antenna unit is integrated in the area between the first metal layer and the third metal layer of the first polarized antenna unit, thereby improving the integration of the dual-polarized antenna, reducing the antenna volume, and helping to reduce the space occupied in the electronic device.

[0018] In one possible design, the second metal layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, so as to facilitate the construction of the first polarized antenna unit. The fourth metal layer may not be disposed between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, so as to reduce the interference of the fourth metal layer to the first polarized antenna unit.

[0019] In a possible design, the fourth metal layer includes a connection portion, a first feed portion and a second feed portion, wherein the first feed portion and the second feed portion are respectively connected to the two ends of the connection portion and are respectively located on both sides of the connection portion along the first direction. Along the thickness direction, at least part of the projection of the first feed portion overlaps with the projection of the slot at one end of the third metal layer, and at least part of the projection of the second feed portion overlaps with the projection of the slot at the other end of the third metal layer, thereby improving the efficiency of the first feed portion and the second feed portion feeding the corresponding slots, reducing energy loss, and facilitating the efficiency of the slot radiating electromagnetic waves to the outside. The second feed circuit feeds the slot at one end of the third metal layer through the first feed portion. The second feed circuit feeds the slot at the other end of the third metal layer through the second feed portion. Among them, the fourth metal layer constitutes an approximately "S"-shaped structure, and the first feed portion and the second feed portion extend in opposite directions, which is conducive to providing reverse excitation for the slots at both ends of the third metal layer to achieve horizontal polarization.

[0020] In a possible design, the lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder in the first direction are both greater than or equal to the width of the slot in the first direction, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the first feeder and the second feeder feeding the corresponding slot, reducing energy loss, and improving radiation efficiency.

[0021] In a possible design, the electrical lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder in the first direction are between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 3λ, where λ is the operating wavelength. Thus, a horizontally polarized planar monopole mode can be provided by the first feeder and the second feeder, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0022] In a possible design, the slot includes a plurality of first slots and a plurality of second slots, at least two of the plurality of first slots are respectively arranged at the two ends of the third metal layer along the second direction, one end of the fourth metal layer is coupled and connected to the first slot at one end of the third metal layer, and the other end of the fourth metal layer is coupled and connected to the first slot at the other end of the third metal layer. The first slot is arranged between two adjacent second slots distributed along the first direction. Among them, by coupling and feeding the first slot through the fourth metal layer, the second polarized antenna unit can operate in the millimeter wave frequency band, ensuring the radiation performance of the second polarized antenna unit in the millimeter wave frequency band. In addition, the first slot is arranged between two adjacent second slots distributed along the first direction, and the isolation between the two adjacent first polarized antenna units and the second polarized antenna unit can be improved through the second slot, and a new resonance can be provided for horizontal polarization, thereby expanding the working mode of the antenna.

[0023] In a possible design, the electrical length of the slot in the second direction is 1 / 5λ to 1 / 2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the resonance position so that the resonance frequency is within the required millimeter wave frequency band.

[0024] In one possible design, the third metal layer is integrally formed, that is, the third metal layer can be a whole metal sheet, or a continuous metal layer etched on a dielectric plate. A part of the third metal layer can be used as a floor of the first polarized antenna unit, and the other part can be used as a floor of the second polarized antenna unit, that is, the first polarized antenna unit and the second polarized antenna unit can share a floor, thereby reducing the overall volume of the antenna device and facilitating a miniaturized design.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a wireless communication system, which includes the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the wireless communication system provided in the second aspect of the present application.

[0027] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application on an electronic device;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A side view of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application (with dielectric material hidden);

[0032] Figure 4 A simulation effect diagram of the radiation direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application when used in an electronic device;

[0033] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a radiating antenna device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG8( a ) is a return loss curve diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG8( b ) is a return loss curve diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG8( c ) is an isolation curve diagram of a bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG8( d ) is another isolation curve diagram of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG9( a ) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is vertically polarized at a first frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0041] FIG9( b ) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is horizontally polarized at a first frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0042] FIG9( c ) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is vertically polarized at a second frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0043] FIG9( d ) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is horizontally polarized at a second frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0044] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a radiating antenna device at a viewing angle provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of a radiating antenna device from another perspective provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.12 A side view of a radiating antenna device provided in another embodiment of the present application (with dielectric material hidden);

[0047] Fig.13 A partial cross-sectional view of a radiating antenna device provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 01- Bidirectional radiating antenna device;

[0050] 02-Electronic equipment;

[0051] 100-dual polarization antenna;

[0052] 110-a first polarized antenna unit;

[0053] 120-a second polarized antenna unit;

[0054] 1-first metal layer;

[0055] 2- second metal layer;

[0056] 3-third metal layer;

[0057] 31-slot;

[0058] 31a-first groove;

[0059] 31b - second groove;

[0060] 4-a first conductive structure;

[0061] 5- first feeding circuit;

[0062] 6- a second conductive structure;

[0063] 7- fourth metal layer;

[0064] 71- a first power feeder;

[0065] 72- second feeder;

[0066] 73-connecting part;

[0067] 8- second feeding circuit;

[0068] 9- Dielectric material;

[0069] 10-Opening;

[0070] X-first direction;

[0071] Y-second direction;

[0072] Z-thickness direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0075] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0076] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0077] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "plurality" refers to two or more; the terms "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or a coupled connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0078] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0079] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "coupled connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor.

[0080] Grounding: refers to coupling with the above-mentioned ground / floor through a grounding structure and / or a grounding circuit. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding (or physical ground) at a specific position on the frame through some structural members of the middle frame. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding through devices such as capacitors / inductors / resistors connected in series or in parallel (or device ground).

[0081] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band.

[0082] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in the air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light / frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3×108 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Among them, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" may also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0083] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The strongest point of resonance can be called the resonance point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0084] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0085] Antenna return loss can be expressed by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the quality of the antenna transmission efficiency.

[0086] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram in the portion less than -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the antenna return loss is, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself is, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna is; the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the antenna return loss is, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna is.

[0087] It should be noted that the S11 value of -4dB can be used as a standard. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally. It should be understood that the S11 value of -6dB can also be used as a standard in engineering. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is good.

[0088] Isolation: refers to the ratio of the signal received by another antenna when an antenna transmits a signal to the signal of the transmitting antenna. Isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of mutual coupling between antennas. Assuming that two antennas form a two-port network, the isolation between the two antennas is the S21 and S12 between the antennas. Antenna isolation can be represented by the S21 and S12 parameters, which are also a type of S parameters. The S21 and S12 parameters are usually negative numbers. The smaller the S21 and S12 parameters are, the greater the isolation between the antennas and the smaller the mutual coupling between the antennas; the larger the S21 and S12 parameters are, the smaller the isolation between the antennas and the greater the mutual coupling between the antennas. The isolation of the antenna depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance between the antennas, the antenna gain, etc.

[0089] At present, millimeter wave antennas used in electronic products such as mobile phones can generally only achieve unidirectional radiation. For example, beam scanning is only performed on the screen side of the mobile phone, but not on the side of the mobile phone away from the screen, resulting in a small radiation coverage range.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application provides a bidirectional radiating antenna device, which can be applied to high-frequency wireless communication systems, such as 5G millimeter wave systems, IEEE 802.11.ad (60GHz WiGig) systems, IEEE 802.11.aj (45GHz Q-Link-Pan) systems, etc. The high-frequency wireless communication system can be applied to electronic devices, and the electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, smart homes, smart bracelets, smart watches, smart helmets, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a public land mobile network (PLMN) that will evolve in the future, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the bidirectional radiation antenna device 01 provided in an embodiment of the present application on the electronic device 02, Figure 1 02 is a mobile phone, and the bidirectional radiating antenna device 01 can be installed in the non-display area on the top of the mobile phone. Of course, in some embodiments, the bidirectional radiating antenna device 01 can also be installed in other positions of the electronic device 02, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0091] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 2The bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 2 and a third metal layer 3 arranged at intervals, and the first metal layer 1 is electrically connected to the third metal layer 3 for grounding. Among them, the first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3 can be metal layers on a printed circuit board (PCB), that is, corresponding metal layers for realizing different functions can be directly formed during the processing of the printed circuit board PCB. The printed circuit board PCB can adopt a flame retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame retardant material, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. The metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any dielectric board in the PCB. Exemplarily, the metal layer can be but not limited to a copper layer.

[0092] Figure 3 A side view of a radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application (with dielectric material 9 hidden), referring to Figure 3 The bidirectional radiating antenna device further comprises at least two first conductive structures 4, which may be metallized vias opened in a PCB dielectric board, or may be transmission lines, etc. One end of at least two first conductive structures 4 is connected to the first metal layer 1 at intervals along the first direction X, and the other end of at least two first conductive structures 4 is connected to the second metal layer 2 at intervals along the first direction X. The first metal layer 1, at least two first conductive structures 4, and the third metal layer 3 are surrounded by a portion opposite to the first metal layer 1 along the thickness direction Z of the bidirectional radiating antenna device to form an opening 10 for transmitting electromagnetic waves (refer to Figure 3 ), the opening 10 is connected along the second direction Y, so that the electromagnetic wave radiates along the second direction Y on both sides of the opening 10. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X and the thickness direction Z of the bidirectional radiation antenna device. The first metal layer 1, the third metal layer 3 and the two first conductive structures 4 can constrain the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted along the second direction Y on both sides of the opening 10, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation. Exemplarily, Figure 4 This is a simulation effect diagram of the radiation direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application when it is used in an electronic device, refer to Figure 4 Taking the antenna device applied to a mobile phone as an example, the screen and back cover of the mobile phone are Figure 4 The Y direction distribution shown in the figure is the second direction Y of the antenna device. Therefore, the antenna device can realize electromagnetic radiation on the screen side of the mobile phone and the side away from the screen, thereby expanding the coverage range of electromagnetic waves and improving the radiation performance.

[0093] Among them, refer to Figure 3The antenna device further includes a first feeding circuit 5. The first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2, at least part of the third metal layer 3, the first conductive structure 4 and the first feeding circuit 5 constitute a first polarized antenna unit 110. The first feeding circuit 5 is coupled to the second metal layer 2 to provide in-phase excitation for the second metal layer 2, the first conductive structure 4 and the first metal layer 1, so that a vertically polarized antenna unit can be constructed, that is, the first polarized antenna unit 110 is a vertically polarized antenna unit.

[0094] In one embodiment, Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 5 , a dielectric material 9 is filled between the first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3, a first metallized via is provided on the dielectric material 9 between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2, the first metallized via is the aforementioned first conductive structure 4, the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2 are coupled and connected through the first metallized via, and the coupling connection can be a direct electrical connection. As described above, the first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3 can be directly formed during the PCB forming process, for example, by etching metal on a dielectric board, and the material of the dielectric board between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2 is the dielectric material 9. A first metallized via can be provided on the dielectric material 9, which can ensure the reliability of the coupling connection between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2, can also reduce the space occupied, and is also convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0095] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 can be connected through the second conductive structure 6. For example, a second metallized via is provided on the dielectric material 9 between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3. The second metallized via is the second conductive structure 6. The first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 are coupled and connected through the second metallized via. As described above, by providing the second metallized via, the reliability of the electrical connection between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 can be ensured, thereby ensuring effective grounding, while also reducing space occupation and facilitating processing and manufacturing. In addition, the second conductive structure 6 can also be a transmission line, etc.

[0096] In one embodiment, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first polarized antenna unit 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 6 The electrical length H1 of the first metal layer 1 along the first direction X is between 1 / 4λ and 1 / 2λ, where λ is the working wavelength, which is conducive to the first polarized antenna unit 110 resonating in the millimeter wave frequency band. The specific value of the electrical length H1 of the first metal layer 1 along the first direction X can be set according to the working frequency band.

[0097] In one embodiment, Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of the second polarized antenna unit 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 7 , grooves 31 are provided at both ends of the third metal layer 3 along the second direction Y. Figure 3 The bidirectional radiation antenna device also includes a fourth metal layer 7 and a second feeding circuit 8, wherein the fourth metal layer 7 is coupled to the second feeding circuit 8, the fourth metal layer 7 is spaced from the third metal layer 3, and the two ends of the fourth metal layer 7 are coupled to the slots 31 at the two ends of the third metal layer 3, respectively, to provide reverse excitation for the slots 31 at the two ends of the third metal layer 3. The fourth metal layer 7, at least part of the third metal layer 3, and the second feeding circuit 8 constitute a second polarized antenna unit 120. Among them, the second feeding circuit 8 can provide reverse excitation for the slots 31 at the two ends of the third metal sheet through the fourth metal layer 7, which is conducive to realizing the horizontal polarization of the antenna unit, that is, the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be constituted as a horizontally polarized antenna unit. Among them, the slots 31 distributed at the two ends of the third metal layer 3 can all radiate in the second direction Y, thereby realizing the bidirectional radiation of the second polarized antenna unit 120. In other words, the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be constructed on the third metal layer 3, and the bidirectional radiation of the two polarized antenna units can be realized, thereby improving the coverage capability of millimeter waves and expanding the bandwidth.

[0098] In one embodiment, the third metal layer 3 is an integrally formed structure, that is, the third metal layer 3 can be an integral metal sheet, or a continuous metal layer etched on a dielectric plate. A portion of the third metal layer 3 can be used as a floor for the first polarized antenna unit 110, and another portion can be used as a floor for the second polarized antenna unit 120, that is, the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can share a floor, thereby reducing the overall volume of the antenna device and facilitating a miniaturized design.

[0099] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the second polarized antenna unit 120 and the first polarized antenna unit 110 are arranged at intervals in the first direction X, and an adjacent first polarized antenna unit 110 and a second polarized antenna unit 120 constitute a dual-polarized antenna 100. There may be one or more dual-polarized antennas 100 formed by the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120. When there are multiple dual-polarized antennas 100, the multiple dual-polarized antennas 100 may be distributed in an array, for example, in a rectangular array.

[0100] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2, the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 are both provided with a plurality of them, and the plurality of first polarized antenna units 110 and the plurality of second polarized antenna units 120 are alternately distributed in the first direction X. Among them, only one second polarized antenna unit 120 is provided between two adjacent first polarized antenna units 110, and only one first polarized antenna unit 110 is provided between two adjacent second polarized antenna units 120, thereby forming an alternate arrangement. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 2 , there may be four dual-polarized antennas 100 composed of the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120, and they are arranged in an array in the first direction X. That is, the four dual-polarized antennas 100 form a 1×4 array. In some other embodiments, the dual-polarized antennas 100 may also be set to other numbers and form different array distributions, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0101] In one embodiment, Figure 2 Taking the 1×4 dual-polarized antenna 100 array as an example, the first polarized antenna unit 110 in the antenna device is a vertically polarized antenna unit, and the second polarized antenna unit 120 is a horizontally polarized antenna unit. The antenna device includes port 1, port 2, port 3, port 4, port 5, port 6, port 7 and port 8, a total of 8 ports. Among them, port 1, port 3, port 4, port 5 are vertically polarized ports, and port 2, port 4, port 5, port 6 are horizontally polarized ports.

[0102] FIG8(a) is a return loss curve diagram of a bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The solid line in FIG8(a) is the S11 curve, which represents the reflection coefficient at port 1, and the dotted line is the S55 curve, which represents the reflection coefficient at port 5. As can be seen from FIG8(a), the vertically polarized bandwidth of the antenna device covers the n257 band (26.5 GHz to 29.5 GHz) and the n260 band (37.0 GHz to 40.0 GHz) in the 5G frequency band.

[0103] FIG8(b) is a return loss curve of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The solid line in FIG8(b) is the S22 curve, which represents the reflection coefficient at port 2, and the dotted line is the S66 curve, which represents the reflection coefficient at port 6. As can be seen from FIG8(b), the bandwidth of the antenna device in horizontal polarization covers the n257 band (26.5 GHz to 29.5 GHz) and the n260 band (37.0 GHz to 40.0 GHz) in the 5G frequency band.

[0104] From Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b), we can see that Figure 2 The antenna device shown can cover the millimeter wave bands of n257 and n260 in both vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and has a large bandwidth.

[0105] FIG8(c) is an isolation curve diagram of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The solid line in FIG8(c) is the S21 curve, which represents the coupling between port 2 and port 1, and the dotted line is the S42 curve, which represents the coupling between port 4 and port 2. FIG8(d) is another isolation curve diagram of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The solid line in FIG8(d) is the S35 curve, which represents the coupling between port 3 and port 5, and the dotted line is the S56 curve, which represents the coupling between port 5 and port 6. Referring to FIG8(c) and FIG8(d) at the same time, the coupling between each antenna port is lower than -15dB, that is, it has a large isolation, which meets the requirements of the antenna array.

[0106] FIG9(a) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a first frequency in a vertically polarized electronic device environment, and FIG9(b) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a first frequency in a horizontally polarized electronic device environment. The first frequency is 28 GHz, and FIG9(a) and FIG9(b) are both Figure 4 Direction diagram on the YOZ plane in the coordinate system shown.

[0107] FIG9(c) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a second frequency in a vertically polarized electronic device environment, and FIG9(d) is a directional diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a horizontally polarized electronic device environment. The second frequency is 39 GHz, and FIG9(c) and FIG9(d) are both Figure 4 Direction diagram on the YOZ plane in the coordinate system shown.

[0108] 9( a ) to ( d ) at the same time, the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve good bidirectional radiation coverage.

[0109] In one embodiment, the electrical length between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas 100 needs to meet certain requirements. If the electrical length between the two dual-polarized antennas 100 is too small, for example, less than 1 / 3λ, where λ is the working wavelength, it will affect the S parameter design and isolation of each dual-polarized antenna 100. If the electrical length between the two dual-polarized antennas 100 is too large, for example, greater than 2 / 3λ, the scanning range of the antenna will become smaller and the coverage capability will be weakened. To this end, in one embodiment, the electrical length H4 between the two dual-polarized antennas 100 is between 1 / 3λ and 2 / 3λ, so that the two dual-polarized antennas 100 can be guaranteed to have good isolation, which is also beneficial to the design of S parameters, and can also ensure that the dual-polarized antenna 100 has a larger scanning range and improves the radiation performance.

[0110] In one embodiment, Fig.10This is a schematic structural diagram of a radiating antenna device at a viewing angle provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a radiating antenna device from another perspective provided in another embodiment of the present application. Fig.12 A side view of a radiating antenna device provided in another embodiment of the present application (with dielectric material 9 hidden). Fig.13 A partial cross-sectional view of a radiating antenna device provided in another embodiment of the present application. Fig.13 , the third metal layer 3 is arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2, and the fourth metal layer 7 is arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3. That is to say, the first metal layer 1, the fourth metal layer 7, the third metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 2 are arranged in sequence. The first conductive structure 4 can pass through the third metal layer 3 and couple with the second metal layer 2, and is insulated from the third metal layer 3. The first polarized antenna unit 110 is formed between the first metal layer 1, the third metal layer 3 and at least two first conductive structures 4, and the second polarized antenna unit 120 is formed between the fourth metal layer 7 and the third metal layer 3, and the second polarized antenna unit 120 is integrated in the area between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 of the first polarized antenna unit 110, thereby improving the integration of the dual-polarized antenna 100, reducing the antenna volume, and helping to reduce the space occupied in the electronic device.

[0111] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the second metal layer 2 is disposed between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3, so as to facilitate the construction of the first polarized antenna unit 110, and the fourth metal layer 7 may not be disposed between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3, so as to reduce the interference of the fourth metal layer 7 on the first polarized antenna unit 110. In an embodiment, the second metal layer 2 may also be disposed on the side of the third metal layer 3 away from the first metal layer 1, and the first polarized antenna unit 110 may also be constructed.

[0112] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7, the fourth metal layer 7 includes a connecting portion 73, a first feeding portion 71 and a second feeding portion 72, the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 are respectively connected to the two ends of the connecting portion 73, and are respectively located on both sides of the connecting portion 73 along the first direction X. The second feeding circuit 8 feeds the slot 31 at one end of the third metal layer 3 through the first feeding portion 71. The second feeding circuit 8 feeds the slot 31 at the other end of the third metal layer 3 through the second feeding portion 72. Among them, the fourth metal layer 7 forms an approximately "S"-shaped structure, and the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 extend in opposite directions, which is conducive to providing reverse excitation for the slots 31 at both ends of the third metal layer 3 to achieve horizontal polarization. In one embodiment, a feed source can be connected to the middle position of the connecting portion 73, and the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the feed source, so as to provide reverse excitation for the slots 31 at both ends of the third metal layer 3. In addition, the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 do not contact the corresponding slots 31, and feed in an indirect coupling form. Among them, along the thickness direction Z, at least part of the projection of the first feeding part 71 coincides with the projection of the slot 31 at one end of the third metal layer 3, and at least part of the projection of the second feeding part 72 coincides with the projection of the slot 31 at the other end of the third metal layer 3, thereby improving the efficiency of the first feeding part 71 and the second feeding part 72 feeding the corresponding slot 31, reducing energy loss, and ensuring the efficiency of electromagnetic waves radiated externally by the slot 31.

[0113] In one embodiment, the lengths of the first feeder 71 and the second feeder 72 in the first direction X are both greater than or equal to the width of the slot 31 in the first direction X. This ensures the efficiency of the first feeder 71 and the second feeder 72 feeding the corresponding slot 31, reduces energy loss, and improves radiation efficiency. In addition, it is also beneficial to construct a new antenna mode through the first feeder 71 and the second feeder 72. For example, the first feeder 71 and the second feeder 72 can provide a horizontally polarized planar monopole mode.

[0114] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 , the electrical length H2 of the first feeder 71 and the second feeder 72 in the first direction X is between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 3λ, where λ is the working wavelength. Thus, the first feeder 71 and the second feeder 72 can provide a horizontally polarized planar monopole mode, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0115] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7, the slot 31 includes a plurality of first slots 31a and a plurality of second slots 31b, at least two of the plurality of first slots 31a are respectively arranged at the two ends of the third metal layer 3 along the second direction Y, one end of the fourth metal layer 7 is coupled and connected to the first slot 31a at one end of the third metal layer 3, and the other end of the fourth metal layer 7 is coupled and connected to the first slot 31a at the other end of the third metal layer 3. Among them, by coupling and feeding the first slot 31a by the fourth metal layer 7, the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be operated in the millimeter wave frequency band, ensuring the radiation performance of the second polarized antenna unit 120 in the millimeter wave frequency band. In addition, the first slot 31a is arranged between two adjacent second slots 31b distributed along the first direction X, and the isolation between the two adjacent first polarized antenna units 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be improved through the second slot 31b, and at the same time, a new resonance can be provided for horizontal polarization, thereby expanding the working mode of the antenna.

[0116] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 The electrical length H3 of the slot 31 in the second direction Y is 1 / 5λ to 1 / 2λ, where λ is the working wavelength, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the resonance position so that the resonance frequency is within the required millimeter wave frequency band.

[0117] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bidirectional radiating antenna device, characterized in that: include: A first metal layer, a second metal layer and a third metal layer are arranged at intervals, wherein the first metal layer is electrically connected to the third metal layer for grounding; At least two first conductive structures, one end of the at least two first conductive structures is connected to the first metal layer at intervals along the first direction, the other end of the at least two first conductive structures is connected to the second metal layer at intervals along the first direction, the first metal layer, the at least two first conductive structures and the third metal layer are surrounded by a portion opposite to the first metal layer along the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device to form an electromagnetic wave opening, the opening is penetrated along the second direction, so that the electromagnetic wave is radiated on both sides of the opening along the second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device; A first feeding circuit, coupled to the second metal layer, and configured to provide in-phase excitation for the second metal layer, the first conductive structure, and the first metal layer; The first metal layer, the second metal layer, at least a portion of the third metal layer, the first conductive structure, and the first feeding circuit constitute a first polarized antenna unit.

2. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are filled with dielectric material, and a first metallized via is arranged on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The first metallized via is the first conductive structure, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are coupled and connected through the first metallized via.

3. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second metallization via is provided on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, and the first metal layer and the third metal layer are coupled and connected through the second metallization via.

4. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The electrical length of the first metal layer along the first direction is between 1 / 4λ and 1 / 2λ, where λ is an operating wavelength.

5. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The third metal layer is provided with grooves at two ends along the second direction; The bidirectional radiation antenna device further includes a fourth metal layer and a second feeding circuit, the fourth metal layer is coupled to the second feeding circuit, and two ends of the fourth metal layer are respectively coupled to the slots at two ends of the third metal layer, so as to provide reverse excitation for the slots at two ends of the third metal layer; The fourth metal layer, at least part of the third metal layer, and the second feeding circuit constitute a second polarized antenna unit.

6. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second polarized antenna unit and the first polarized antenna unit are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and adjacent first polarized antenna units and second polarized antenna units form a dual-polarized antenna.

7. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of the first polarized antenna units and a plurality of the second polarized antenna units are provided, and the plurality of the first polarized antenna units and the plurality of the second polarized antenna units are alternately distributed in the first direction.

8. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrical length between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas is between 1 / 3λ and 2 / 3λ, where λ is the operating wavelength.

9. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third metal layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the fourth metal layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the third metal layer.

10. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The second metal layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the third metal layer.

11. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth metal layer includes a connecting portion, a first feeding portion, and a second feeding portion, wherein the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting portion and are respectively located at two sides of the connecting portion along the first direction; Along the thickness direction, at least part of the projection of the first feeding portion overlaps with the projection of the groove at one end of the third metal layer, and at least part of the projection of the second feeding portion overlaps with the projection of the groove at the other end of the third metal layer; The second feeding circuit feeds the slot at one end of the third metal layer through the first feeding portion; The second feeding circuit feeds the slot at the other end of the third metal layer through the second feeding portion.

12. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The lengths of the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion in the first direction are both greater than or equal to the width of the slot in the first direction.

13. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The electrical lengths of the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion in the first direction are between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 3λ, where λ is an operating wavelength.

14. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that: The grooves include a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of second grooves, at least two of the plurality of first grooves are respectively arranged at two ends of the third metal layer along the second direction, one end of the fourth metal layer is coupled to the first groove at one end of the third metal layer, and the other end of the fourth metal layer is coupled to the first groove at the other end of the third metal layer; The first groove is arranged between two adjacent second grooves distributed along the first direction.

15. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to any one of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that: The electrical length of the slot in the second direction is 1 / 5λ to 1 / 2λ, where λ is an operating wavelength.

16. The bidirectional radiation antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The third metal layer is integrally formed.

17. A wireless communication system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the bidirectional radiation antenna device as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that: A wireless communication system comprising the method of claim 17.

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