A wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter and its control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable floating drum diameter and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of wave energy power generation buoys, and comprising an air turbine, a rigid floating drum, a flexible floating drum and a heaving plate. The rigid floating drum is a cylinder with a fixed annular cavity, an oscillating water column channel is arranged at the center of the rigid floating drum, a ventilation port communicated with the oscillating water column channel is arranged at the top center of the rigid floating drum, the air turbine is fixedly installed at the ventilation port, a plurality of uniformly distributed vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid floating drum, and the lower ends of the vertical rods are fixedly connected to the heaving plate. The flexible floating drum is a cylinder with a radially variable annular cavity, the flexible floating drum is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid floating drum, and an air inflation and extraction device for inflating or extracting air from the flexible floating drum to change its radial dimension is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity. The present invention improves the wave energy conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation buoys, and particularly to a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ocean information monitoring buoys are equipped with various data sensors such as AIS, GIS, radar, weather instruments, water quality sensors, etc., and can achieve all-weather three-dimensional ocean perception, which is an important part of the ocean Internet of Things. Traditional buoy power supply methods include diesel power generation, battery power supply, wind power supply, solar power supply, etc. However, at present, in remote waterways and sea areas with high buoy operation and maintenance costs, ocean information monitoring buoys still have the pain points of difficult power supply and high operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] Compared with traditional buoy power supply methods, buoy wave energy power supply, which has developed rapidly in recent years, is a green, environmentally friendly, rich in reserves, and high in energy flux density power supply method, and is expected to solve the problems of difficult power supply and high operation and maintenance costs still existing in the buoy field. For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN117550017A proposes a Spar-shaped wave energy power generation buoy device and method with a variable tail pipe length. At the same time, an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation buoy is combined with a heaving plate. By providing additional damping and added mass through the heaving plate, the natural period of the device can be adjusted, and at the same time, the heaving response of the buoy can be improved, thereby obtaining better energy capture characteristics. For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN117550018A proposes a wave energy power generation buoy and its variable area heaving plate and control method; the invention patent with the publication number of CN118008672A discloses a wave energy power generation buoy and its variable thickness heaving plate and thickness change method; the invention patent with the publication number of CN118494679A discloses a wave energy power generation buoy and method with a variable heaving plate depth.

[0004] The wave energy power generation buoy with a heaving plate has the advantages of light weight, low manufacturing cost, high reliability, etc. When the incident wave frequency is close to the natural frequency of the wave energy power generation buoy in the heaving direction, the heaving motion response of the wave energy power generation buoy is the most intense, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is close to the peak value. However, there are many factors affecting the natural frequency of the buoy, including the depth of the heaving plate of the buoy, the area of the heaving plate, the diameter of the buoy, etc. However, the diameter of the existing wave energy power generation buoy with a heaving plate is fixed, resulting in the inability to adjust the natural frequency of the buoy according to the wave conditions. Therefore, the wave energy power generation buoy can only effectively convert wave energy when it resonates with the incident wave, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is relatively low when the incident wave frequency deviates from the natural frequency of the wave energy power generation buoy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave energy generating buoy with a variable floating drum diameter and its control method to solve the defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A wave energy generating buoy with a variable floating drum diameter, comprising a rigid floating drum, a flexible floating drum, an air turbine and a heaving plate. The rigid floating drum is a cylindrical body with a fixed annular cavity. An oscillating water column channel is provided at the center of the rigid floating drum. A ventilation port communicating with the oscillating water column channel is provided at the top center of the rigid floating drum. The air turbine is fixedly installed at the ventilation port. A plurality of uniformly distributed vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid floating drum, and the lower ends of the vertical rods are all fixedly connected to the heaving plate. The flexible floating drum is a cylindrical body with a radially variable annular cavity. The flexible floating drum is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid floating drum. An air inflation and extraction device for inflating or extracting air from the flexible floating drum to change its radial dimension is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the air inflation and extraction device includes a symmetrically arranged air inflation pump and an air extraction pump. The air inflation pump can inflate the flexible floating drum to increase its radial dimension, and the air extraction pump can extract air from the flexible floating drum to reduce its radial dimension.

[0008] Preferably, the air inflation pump includes a first pump body, a first intake pipe and a first outlet pipe. The intake end of the first intake pipe penetrates the top side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the atmosphere. The outlet end of the first intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the first pump body. The outlet end of the first pump body is connected to the intake end of the first outlet pipe. The outlet end of the first outlet pipe penetrates the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible floating drum.

[0009] Preferably, the air extraction pump includes a second pump body, a second intake pipe and a second outlet pipe. The intake end of the second intake pipe penetrates the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible floating drum. The outlet end of the second intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the second pump body. The outlet end of the second pump body is connected to the intake end of the second outlet pipe. The outlet end of the second outlet pipe penetrates the top side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the atmosphere.

[0010] Preferably, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the radially variable annular cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid level sensor is fixedly installed at the top of the rigid floating drum. The probe of the liquid level sensor extends into the oscillating water column channel, and the liquid level sensor can measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level in the oscillating water column channel.

[0012] Preferably, both the rigid floating drum and the flexible floating drum are circular ring structures.

[0013] Preferably, the heaving plate is a circular plate structure.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the heaving plate is equal to the outer diameter of the rigid buoy.

[0015] Preferably, a mooring ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heaving plate.

[0016] The present invention also provides a control method for a wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, which is used to control the wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, and includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Set the working range of the active wave height.

[0018] S2. Collect the water depth, wave height, and wave period data of the actual sea condition through a water depth gauge and a wave gauge, and determine the buoy diameter range corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency.

[0019] S3. Judge whether the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height: if so, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the gas in the flexible buoy is completely pumped out by the air charging and pumping device. At this time, the buoy diameter is the smallest; if not, execute step S4.

[0020] S4. Adjust the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy within the buoy diameter range corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency: if the buoy diameter needs to be increased, the air charging and pumping device performs an air charging operation, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy increases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy becomes larger; if the buoy diameter needs to be decreased, the air charging and pumping device performs a pumping operation, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy decreases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy becomes smaller; if the buoy diameter needs to remain unchanged, execute step S5.

[0021] S5. Measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column in the rigid buoy in real time through a liquid level sensor, and judge whether the average amplitude of the oscillating water column reaches the peak value. If not, repeat step S4. If so, the air charging and pumping device does not work, and the buoy diameter remains unchanged.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses a rigid buoy and a flexible buoy to form a buoy with a variable diameter, and can inflate or deflate the flexible buoy through an air charging and pumping device to change its radial dimension, thereby changing the diameter of the buoy, and then changing the natural frequency of the buoy to adapt to different wave conditions, ensuring that the buoy can also obtain a high wave energy conversion efficiency in a wider incident wave frequency band, and at the same time can protect the buoy in extreme sea conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a wave energy generating buoy with a variable float diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic front view of the overall structure of a wave energy generating buoy with a variable float diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a control method for a wave energy generating buoy with a variable float diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Reference signs in the figures: 1, air turbine; 2, rigid float; 21, fixed annular cavity; 22, oscillating water column channel; 23, air vent; 3, vertical rod; 4, air pump; 41, first pump body; 42, first intake pipe; 43, first outlet pipe; 5, air extraction pump; 51, second pump body; 52, second intake pipe; 53, second outlet pipe; 6, flexible float; 61, radially variable annular cavity; 7, heaving plate; 71, mooring ring; 8, liquid level sensor; 9, pressure sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments are hereby given and described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0029] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 2As shown in the figure, a wave energy generating buoy with a variable floating drum diameter includes an air turbine 1, a rigid floating drum 2, a flexible floating drum 6 and a heaving plate 7. The rigid floating drum 2 is a cylinder with a fixed annular cavity 21. An oscillating water column channel 22 is provided at the center of the rigid floating drum 2. A ventilation opening 23 communicating with the oscillating water column channel 22 is provided at the top center of the rigid floating drum 2. The air turbine 1 is fixedly installed at the ventilation opening 23. A plurality of uniformly distributed vertical rods 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid floating drum 2. The lower ends of the vertical rods 3 are all fixedly connected to the heaving plate 7. The flexible floating drum 6 is a cylinder with a radially variable annular cavity 61. The flexible floating drum 6 is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid floating drum 2. An air charging and pumping device for inflating or pumping air to the flexible floating drum 6 to change its radial dimension is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity 21.

[0030] In this embodiment, the air charging and pumping device includes a symmetrically arranged air pump 4 and an air extraction pump 5. The air pump 4 can inflate the flexible floating drum 6 to increase its radial dimension, and the air extraction pump 5 can extract air from the flexible floating drum 6 to reduce its radial dimension. In this embodiment, the air pump 4 and the air extraction pump 5 are respectively used for air charging and air extraction work, and the equipment has a long service life. And they are symmetrically arranged, which can keep the center of gravity balance of the buoy and has a better use effect.

[0031] Among them, the air pump 4 includes a first pump body 41, a first intake pipe 42 and a first outlet pipe 43. The intake end of the first intake pipe 42 penetrates the top side wall of the rigid floating drum 2 and communicates with the atmosphere. The outlet end of the first intake pipe 42 is connected to the intake end of the first pump body 41. The outlet end of the first pump body 41 is connected to the intake end of the first outlet pipe 43. The outlet end of the first outlet pipe 43 penetrates the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid floating drum 2 and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible floating drum 6. When it is necessary to increase the diameter of the buoy, the air pump 4 transports the air in the atmosphere to the first outlet pipe 43 through the first intake pipe 42, and fills the air into the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible floating drum through the first outlet pipe 43, so that the radial dimension of the flexible floating drum 6 becomes larger, and thus the diameter of the buoy increases.

[0032] Among them, the air extraction pump 5 includes a second pump body 51, a second air inlet pipe 52, and a second air outlet pipe 53. The air inlet end of the second air inlet pipe 52 penetrates through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid floating cylinder 2 and is connected to the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible floating cylinder 6. The air outlet end of the second air inlet pipe 52 is connected to the air inlet end of the second pump body 51. The air outlet end of the second pump body 51 is connected to the air inlet end of the second air outlet pipe 53. The air outlet end of the second air outlet pipe 53 penetrates through the top side wall of the rigid floating cylinder 2 and communicates with the atmosphere. When it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the buoy, the air extraction pump 5 extracts the air in the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy through the second air inlet pipe 52 to the second air outlet pipe 53 and discharges it into the atmosphere through the second air outlet pipe 53, so that the radial dimension of the flexible floating cylinder 6 becomes smaller, thereby reducing the diameter of the buoy.

[0033] In this embodiment, both the rigid floating cylinder 2 and the flexible floating cylinder 6 are circular ring structures, and the heaving plate 7 is a circular plate structure. Among them, the rigid floating cylinder 2 and the flexible floating cylinder 6 form a floating cylinder with a variable diameter. The fixed annular cavity 21 of the rigid floating cylinder 2 and the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible floating cylinder 6 can both provide buoyancy for the buoy. Among them, the diameter of the heaving plate 7 is preferably but not limited to being equal to the outer diameter of the rigid floating cylinder 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, in order to measure the internal cavity pressure of the flexible floating cylinder 6, a pressure sensor 9 is fixedly installed in the radially variable annular cavity 61.

[0035] In this embodiment, in order to measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level, a liquid level sensor 8 is fixedly installed at the top of the rigid floating cylinder 2. The probe of the liquid level sensor 8 extends into the oscillating water column channel 22, and the liquid level sensor 8 can measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level in the oscillating water column channel 22.

[0036] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the positioning of the buoy, a mooring ring 71 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heaving plate 7, and the buoy can be connected to a ship, the coast, an island reef, an offshore platform, etc. through a rope and the mooring ring 71.

[0037] The working principle of this embodiment: When the buoy floats on the sea surface, the floating cylinder composed of the rigid floating cylinder 2 and the flexible floating cylinder 6 and the oscillating water column in the oscillating water column channel 22 perform periodic forced oscillations under the action of waves. The different amplitudes and phase differences of their movements in the heaving direction result in periodic changes in the upper volume and air pressure of the oscillating water column channel 22. The air in the oscillating water column channel 22 reciprocates through the ventilation port 23, thereby driving the air turbine 1 to rotate and generate electricity.

[0038] When the incident wave frequency approaches the natural frequency of the buoy in the heaving direction, the heaving motion response of the buoy is intense, and the wave energy conversion efficiency will also approach the peak value. The natural frequency of the buoy in the heaving direction ωn The calculation formula is as follows:

[0039] ;

[0040] In the formula, ρ is the density of seawater, g is the acceleration of gravity, S r is the cross-sectional area of the buoy, K is the elastic coefficient of the oscillating water column (generally related to the stiffness of the mooring system), m is the mass of the buoy, m 11 is the added mass of the buoy in the heaving direction, R is the radius of the buoy. It can be seen that the buoy diameter can affect the natural frequency of the buoy. Therefore, by changing the buoy diameter, the wave energy conversion efficiency of the buoy under different wave conditions can be optimized. The buoy diameter is related to the volume of the flexible buoy 6.

[0041] Since the volume of the flexible buoy 6 is related to the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61, the volume of the flexible buoy 6 can be evaluated by the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 measured by the pressure sensor 9. Of course, the volume of the flexible buoy 6 can also be evaluated by the inflation amount and / or air extraction amount of the flexible buoy 6. At this time, corresponding flow meters need to be set, for example, an inflation flow meter is set on the first air outlet pipe 43, and an air extraction flow meter is set on the second air inlet pipe 52.

[0042] In order to ensure that the buoy obtains a high wave energy conversion efficiency, it is necessary to monitor the real-time ocean information at the location of the buoy, such as wave height, water depth, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange supporting instruments: wave gauges, depth gauges, etc.

[0043] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, this embodiment also provides a control method for a wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, which is used to control the wave energy generating buoy with the variable buoy diameter, and includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Set the working range of the active wave height;

[0045] S2. Collect the water depth, wave height, and wave period data of the real sea conditions through the depth gauge and the wave gauge, and determine the buoy diameter range corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency;

[0046] S3. Determine whether the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height: if so, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the inflation and air extraction device pumps out all the gas in the flexible buoy 6. At this time, the buoy diameter is the smallest; if not, execute step S4;

[0047] S4. Adjust the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 within the range of the buoy diameter corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency: If the buoy diameter needs to be increased, the inflation and deflation device inflates, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 increases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy 6 becomes larger; if the buoy diameter needs to be decreased, the inflation and deflation device deflates, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 decreases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy 6 becomes smaller; if the buoy diameter needs to remain unchanged, then step S5 is executed;

[0048] S5. Measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level in the rigid buoy 2 in real time through the liquid level sensor 8, and determine whether the average amplitude of the oscillating water column reaches the peak value. If not, repeat step S4. If so, the inflation and deflation device does not work, and the buoy diameter remains unchanged.

[0049] In this embodiment, step S1 can simulate the operating state of the wave energy power generation buoy under different wave conditions through a wave flume test. According to the test results and considering economy and safety, the working range of the active wave height is set; step S2 can first determine the range of the buoy diameter with the best wave energy capture effect under different wave conditions through a wave flume test, and then determine the range of the buoy diameter of the flexible buoy 6 corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency according to the collected real sea condition water depth, wave height, and wave period data.

[0050] In this embodiment, in step S3, the situations where the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height include the following two:

[0051] (1) When the actual wave height is greater than the working range of the active wave height, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the air turbine 1 is locked and stops rotating;

[0052] (2) When the actual wave height is less than the working range of the active wave height, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the air turbine 1 is locked and stops rotating.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0054] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "joined", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] The content not disclosed in the present invention belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. However, such modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave energy generating buoy with a variable diameter of the floating drum, characterized in that, It includes an air turbine, a rigid buoy, a flexible buoy and a heaving plate. The rigid buoy is a cylinder with a fixed annular cavity. An oscillating water column channel is provided at the center of the rigid buoy. An air vent communicating with the oscillating water column channel is provided at the center of the top of the rigid buoy. The air turbine is fixedly installed at the air vent. A plurality of uniformly distributed vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid buoy, and the lower ends of the vertical rods are fixedly connected to the heaving plate. The flexible buoy is a cylinder with a radially variable annular cavity. The flexible buoy is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid buoy. An air charging and pumping device for inflating or pumping the flexible buoy to change its radial dimension is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity; The air charging and pumping device includes a symmetrically arranged air charging pump and an air pumping pump. The air charging pump can inflate the flexible buoy to increase its radial dimension, and the air pumping pump can pump the flexible buoy to reduce its radial dimension; The air charging pump includes a first pump body, a first intake pipe and a first outlet pipe. The intake end of the first intake pipe penetrates the top side wall of the rigid buoy and communicates with the atmosphere. The outlet end of the first intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the first pump body. The outlet end of the first pump body is connected to the intake end of the first outlet pipe. The outlet end of the first outlet pipe penetrates the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid buoy and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy; The air pumping pump includes a second pump body, a second intake pipe and a second outlet pipe. The intake end of the second intake pipe penetrates the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid buoy and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy. The outlet end of the second intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the second pump body. The outlet end of the second pump body is connected to the intake end of the second outlet pipe. The outlet end of the second outlet pipe penetrates the top side wall of the rigid buoy and communicates with the atmosphere; A pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the radially variable annular cavity.

2. The wave energy generating buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A liquid level sensor is fixedly installed at the top of the rigid buoy. The probe of the liquid level sensor extends into the oscillating water column channel. The liquid level sensor can measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level in the oscillating water column channel.

3. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the rigid buoy and the flexible buoy are circular ring structures.

4. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 3, characterized in that The heaving plate is a circular plate-like structure, and the diameter of the heaving plate is equal to the outer diameter of the rigid buoy.

5. The wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mooring ring is fixedly provided at the bottom of the heaving plate.

6. A control method for a wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter, which is used to control the wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Set the working range of the active wave height of the buoy; S2. Collect the actual sea condition water depth, wave height and wave period data through a water depth gauge and a wave gauge, and determine the range of the buoy diameter corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency; S3. Judge whether the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height. If so, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the air charging and pumping device pumps out all the gas in the flexible buoy. At this time, the diameter of the buoy is the smallest. If not, execute step S4; S4. Adjust the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy within the range of buoy diameters corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency: If the buoy diameter needs to be increased, the inflation and deflation device performs inflation work, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy increases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy becomes larger; if the buoy diameter needs to be decreased, the inflation and deflation device performs deflation work, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy decreases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy becomes smaller; if the buoy diameter needs to remain unchanged, then step S5 is executed; S5. The liquid level sensor is used to measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column in the rigid buoy in real time, and it is judged whether the average amplitude of the oscillating water column reaches the peak value. If not, then step S4 is repeated. If so, the inflation and deflation device does not work and the buoy diameter remains unchanged.

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