The invention discloses a breakwater and double-gas-chamber oscillating water column power generation device. The breakwater and double-gas-chamber oscillating water column power generation device iscomposed of a plurality of power generation units. Each power generation unit is composed of a front vertical straight plate, a front gas chamber, a front spring, a front airflow channel, a front airturbine, a rear vertical thin plate, a rear gas chamber, a rear spring, a rear airflow channel, a rear air turbine, a front power generator set, a middle power generator set, a rear power generator set, an automatic adjustable guide rod, a surging middle vertical plate, an anchor chain, an anchor chain fixing pile and the like. The process that wave energy is converted into electric energy is based on the oscillating water column power generation device eave energy conversion principle, the engineering reliability is high, and the practicability is high.