Wave power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a wave power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wave power generation buoys, the wave power generation buoy comprises an air turbine, a rigid buoy, a flexible buoy and a heaving plate, the rigid buoy is a barrel with a fixed annular cavity, and an oscillating water column channel is formed in the center of the rigid buoy; the center of the top of the rigid buoy is provided with an air vent communicated with the oscillating water column channel, the air turbine is fixedly installed at the air vent, the bottom of the rigid buoy is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly-distributed vertical rods, and the lower ends of the vertical rods are fixedly connected with the heaving plate. The flexible buoy is a buoy body with a radial variable annular cavity, the flexible buoy is fixedly arranged on the peripheral side of the rigid buoy in a sleeving mode, and an inflating and exhausting device used for inflating or exhausting air to change the radial size of the flexible buoy is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity. The wave energy conversion efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation buoys, and particularly relates to a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ocean information monitoring buoys are equipped with various data sensors such as AIS, GIS, radar, weather instruments, water quality sensors, etc., and can achieve all-weather three-dimensional ocean perception, which is an important part of the ocean Internet of Things. Traditional buoy power supply methods include diesel power generation, battery power supply, wind power supply, solar power supply, etc. However, at present, in remote waterways and sea areas with high buoy operation and maintenance costs, ocean information monitoring buoys still have the pain points of difficult power supply and high operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] Compared with traditional buoy power supply methods, buoy wave energy power supply, which has developed rapidly in recent years, is a green, environmentally friendly, rich in reserves, and high in energy flux density power supply method, and is expected to solve the problems of difficult power supply and high operation and maintenance costs that still exist in the buoy field. For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN117550017A proposes a Spar-shaped wave energy power generation buoy device and method with a variable tail pipe length. At the same time, an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation buoy is combined with a heaving plate. By providing additional damping and added mass through the heaving plate, the natural period of the device can be adjusted, and at the same time, the heaving response of the buoy can be improved, thereby obtaining better energy capture characteristics. For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN117550018A proposes a wave energy power generation buoy and its variable area heaving plate and control method; the invention patent with the publication number CN118008672A discloses a wave energy power generation buoy and its variable thickness heaving plate and thickness change method; the invention patent with the publication number CN118494679A discloses a wave energy power generation buoy and method with a variable heaving plate depth.

[0004] The wave energy power generation buoy with a heaving plate has the advantages of light weight, low manufacturing cost, high reliability, etc. When the incident wave frequency is close to the natural frequency of the wave energy power generation buoy in the heaving direction, the heaving motion response of the wave energy power generation buoy is the most intense, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is close to the peak value. However, there are many factors affecting the natural frequency of the buoy, including the heaving plate depth, heaving plate area, buoy diameter, etc. However, the buoy diameter of the existing wave energy power generation buoy with a heaving plate is fixed, resulting in the inability to adjust the natural frequency of the buoy according to the wave conditions. Therefore, the wave energy power generation buoy can only effectively convert wave energy when it resonates with the incident wave, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is relatively low when the incident wave frequency deviates from the natural frequency of the wave energy power generation buoy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave energy generating buoy with a variable floating drum diameter and its control method to solve the defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A wave energy generating buoy with a variable floating drum diameter, including a rigid floating drum, a flexible floating drum, an air turbine and a heaving plate. The rigid floating drum is a cylinder with a fixed annular cavity. An oscillating water column channel is provided at the center of the rigid floating drum. An air vent communicating with the oscillating water column channel is provided at the top center of the rigid floating drum. The air turbine is fixedly installed at the air vent. A plurality of uniformly distributed vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid floating drum. The lower ends of the vertical rods are all fixedly connected to the heaving plate. The flexible floating drum is a cylinder with a radially variable annular cavity. The flexible floating drum is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid floating drum. An air charging and pumping device for inflating or pumping air to the flexible floating drum to change its radial dimension is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the air charging and pumping device includes a symmetrically arranged air charging pump and an air pumping pump. The air charging pump can inflate the flexible floating drum to increase its radial dimension. The air pumping pump can pump air from the flexible floating drum to reduce its radial dimension.

[0008] Preferably, the air charging pump includes a first pump body, a first intake pipe and a first outlet pipe. The intake end of the first intake pipe penetrates through the top side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the atmosphere. The outlet end of the first intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the first pump body. The outlet end of the first pump body is connected to the intake end of the first outlet pipe. The outlet end of the first outlet pipe penetrates through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible floating drum.

[0009] Preferably, the air pumping pump includes a second pump body, a second intake pipe and a second outlet pipe. The intake end of the second intake pipe penetrates through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible floating drum. The outlet end of the second intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the second pump body. The outlet end of the second pump body is connected to the intake end of the second outlet pipe. The outlet end of the second outlet pipe penetrates through the top side wall of the rigid floating drum and communicates with the atmosphere.

[0010] Preferably, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the radially variable annular cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid level sensor is fixedly installed at the top of the rigid floating drum. The probe of the liquid level sensor extends into the oscillating water column channel. The liquid level sensor can measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level in the oscillating water column channel.

[0012] Preferably, both the rigid floating drum and the flexible floating drum are of circular ring structure.

[0013] Preferably, the heaving plate is a circular plate structure.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the heaving plate is equal to the outer diameter of the rigid buoy.

[0015] Preferably, a mooring ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heaving plate.

[0016] The present invention also provides a control method for a wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, which is used to control the wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, and includes the following steps: S1. Set the working range of the active wave height; S2. Collect the water depth, wave height, and wave period data of the actual sea condition through a water depth gauge and a wave gauge, and determine the buoy diameter range corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency; S3. Judge whether the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height: if so, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the gas in the flexible buoy is completely pumped out by the inflating and pumping device, and at this time the buoy diameter is the smallest; if not, execute step S4; S4. Adjust the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy within the buoy diameter range corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency: if the buoy diameter needs to be increased, the inflating and pumping device performs an inflation operation, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy increases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy becomes larger; if the buoy diameter needs to be decreased, the inflating and pumping device performs a pumping operation, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible buoy decreases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy becomes smaller; if the buoy diameter needs to remain unchanged, execute step S5; S5. Measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column in the rigid buoy in real time through a liquid level sensor, and judge whether the average amplitude of the oscillating water column reaches the peak value. If not, repeat step S4. If so, the inflating and pumping device does not work, and the buoy diameter remains unchanged.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention adopts a rigid buoy and a flexible buoy to form a buoy with a variable diameter, and the flexible buoy can be inflated or pumped by an inflating and pumping device to change its radial dimension, thereby changing the diameter of the buoy, and further changing the natural frequency of the buoy to adapt to different wave conditions, ensuring that the buoy can also obtain a high wave energy conversion efficiency in a wider incident wave frequency band, and at the same time can protect the buoy in extreme sea conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings, for those of ordinary skill in the art, can also obtain other drawings without creative efforts based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic front view of the overall structure of a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, air turbine; 2, rigid buoy; 21, fixed annular cavity; 22, oscillating water column channel; 23, air vent; 3, vertical rod; 4, air pump; 41, first pump body; 42, first intake pipe; 43, first outlet pipe; 5, air extraction pump; 51, second pump body; 52, second intake pipe; 53, second outlet pipe; 6, flexible buoy; 61, radially variable annular cavity; 7, heaving plate; 71, mooring ring; 8, liquid level sensor; 9, pressure sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments are hereinafter given and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 2 shown, a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter includes an air turbine 1, a rigid buoy 2, a flexible buoy 6 and a heaving plate 7. The rigid buoy 2 is a cylinder with a fixed annular cavity 21. An oscillating water column channel 22 is provided at the center of the rigid buoy 2. An air vent 23 communicating with the oscillating water column channel 22 is provided at the center of the top of the rigid buoy 2. The air turbine 1 is fixedly installed at the air vent 23. A plurality of uniformly distributed vertical rods 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid buoy 2. The lower ends of the vertical rods 3 are fixedly connected to the heaving plate 7. The flexible buoy 6 is a cylinder with a radially variable annular cavity 61. The flexible buoy 6 is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid buoy 2. An air charging and extraction device for charging or extracting air from the flexible buoy 6 to change its radial dimension is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity 21.

[0025] In this embodiment, the inflation and deflation device includes an inflation pump 4 and a deflation pump 5 which are symmetrically arranged. The inflation pump 4 can inflate the flexible buoy 6 to increase its radial dimension, and the deflation pump 5 can deflate the flexible buoy 6 to reduce its radial dimension. In this embodiment, the inflation pump 4 and the deflation pump 5 are respectively used for inflation and deflation work, the service life of the equipment is long, and they are symmetrically arranged, so that the center of gravity of the buoy can be balanced, and the use effect is better.

[0026] Among them, the inflation pump 4 includes a first pump body 41, a first intake pipe 42 and a first outlet pipe 43. The intake end of the first intake pipe 42 penetrates through the top side wall of the rigid buoy 2 and communicates with the atmosphere. The outlet end of the first intake pipe 42 is connected to the intake end of the first pump body 41. The outlet end of the first pump body 41 is connected to the intake end of the first outlet pipe 43. The outlet end of the first outlet pipe 43 penetrates through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid buoy 2 and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6. When it is necessary to increase the diameter of the buoy, the inflation pump 4 transports the air in the atmosphere to the first outlet pipe 43 through the first intake pipe 42, and fills the air into the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy through the first outlet pipe 43, so that the radial dimension of the flexible buoy 6 becomes larger, thereby increasing the diameter of the buoy.

[0027] Among them, the deflation pump 5 includes a second pump body 51, a second intake pipe 52 and a second outlet pipe 53. The intake end of the second intake pipe 52 penetrates through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid buoy 2 and communicates with the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6. The outlet end of the second intake pipe 52 is connected to the intake end of the second pump body 51. The outlet end of the second pump body 51 is connected to the intake end of the second outlet pipe 53. The outlet end of the second outlet pipe 53 penetrates through the top side wall of the rigid buoy 2 and communicates with the atmosphere. When it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the buoy, the deflation pump 5 extracts the air in the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy to the second outlet pipe 53 through the second intake pipe 52, and discharges it into the atmosphere through the second outlet pipe 53, so that the radial dimension of the flexible buoy 6 becomes smaller, thereby reducing the diameter of the buoy.

[0028] In this embodiment, both the rigid buoy 2 and the flexible buoy 6 are circular ring structures, and the heaving plate 7 is a circular plate structure. Among them, the rigid buoy 2 and the flexible buoy 6 form a buoy with a variable diameter. The fixed annular cavity 21 of the rigid buoy 2 and the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 can both provide buoyancy for the buoy. Among them, the diameter of the heaving plate 7 is preferably but not limited to being equal to the outer diameter of the rigid buoy 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, in order to measure the internal cavity pressure of the flexible buoy 6, a pressure sensor 9 is fixedly installed in the radially variable annular cavity 61.

[0030] In this embodiment, in order to measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column, a liquid level sensor 8 is fixedly installed at the top of the rigid buoy 2. The probe of the liquid level sensor 8 extends into the oscillating water column channel 22, and the liquid level sensor 8 can measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column in the oscillating water column channel 22.

[0031] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the positioning of the buoy, a mooring ring 71 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heaving plate 7, and the buoy can be connected to a ship, the coast, an island reef, an offshore platform, etc. through a rope and the mooring ring 71.

[0032] The working principle of this embodiment: When the buoy floats on the sea surface, the buoy composed of the rigid buoy 2 and the flexible buoy 6 and the oscillating water column in the oscillating water column channel 22 perform periodic forced oscillations under the action of waves. The different amplitudes and phase differences of their movements in the heaving direction result in periodic changes in the upper volume and air pressure of the oscillating water column channel 22. The air in the oscillating water column channel 22 performs reciprocating movements through the ventilation port 23, thereby driving the air turbine 1 to rotate and generate electricity.

[0033] When the incident wave frequency is close to the natural frequency of the buoy in the heaving direction, the heaving motion response of the buoy is intense, and the wave energy conversion efficiency will also approach the peak value. The natural frequency of the buoy in the heaving direction ω n The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, ρ is the density of seawater, g is the acceleration due to gravity, S r is the cross-sectional area of the buoy, K is the elastic coefficient of the oscillating water column (generally related to the stiffness of the mooring system), m is the mass of the buoy, m 11 is the added mass of the floating body in the heaving direction, R is the radius of the buoy. It can be seen that the diameter of the buoy can affect the natural frequency of the buoy. Therefore, by changing the diameter of the buoy, the wave energy conversion efficiency of the buoy under different wave conditions can be optimized. The diameter of the buoy is related to the volume of the flexible buoy 6.

[0034] Since the volume of the flexible buoy 6 is related to the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61, the volume of the flexible buoy 6 can be evaluated by the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 measured by the pressure sensor 9. Of course, the volume of the flexible buoy 6 can also be evaluated by the inflation amount and / or extraction amount of the flexible buoy 6. In this case, corresponding flow meters need to be set, for example, an inflation flow meter is set on the first air outlet pipe 43, and an extraction flow meter is set on the second air inlet pipe 52.

[0035] To ensure that the buoy obtains a high wave energy conversion efficiency, it is necessary to monitor the real-time ocean information at the location of the buoy, such as wave height, water depth, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange supporting instruments: wave gauges, water depth gauges, etc.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, this embodiment also provides a control method for a wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, which is used to control the wave energy generating buoy with a variable buoy diameter, and includes the following steps: S1. Set the working range of the active wave height; S2. Collect the water depth, wave height, and wave period data of the actual sea conditions through a water depth gauge and a wave gauge, and determine the buoy diameter range corresponding to the best wave energy conversion efficiency; S3. Judge whether the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height: if so, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the air inflation and extraction device pumps out all the gas in the flexible buoy 6, and at this time the buoy diameter is the smallest; if not, execute step S4; S4. Adjust the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 within the buoy diameter range corresponding to the best wave energy conversion efficiency: if the buoy diameter needs to be increased, the air inflation and extraction device performs an inflation operation, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 increases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy 6 becomes larger; if the buoy diameter needs to be decreased, the air inflation and extraction device performs an extraction operation, the pressure of the radially variable annular cavity 61 of the flexible buoy 6 decreases, and the radial dimension of the flexible buoy 6 becomes smaller; if the buoy diameter needs to remain unchanged, execute step S5; S5. Measure the position of the oscillating water column liquid level in the rigid buoy 2 in real time through the liquid level sensor 8, and judge whether the average amplitude of the oscillating water column reaches the peak value. If not, repeat step S4. If so, the air inflation and extraction device does not work, and the buoy diameter remains unchanged.

[0037] In this embodiment, step S1 can simulate the operating state of the wave energy generating buoy under different wave conditions through a wave flume test, and set the working range of the active wave height according to the test results and considering economy and safety; step S2 can first determine the buoy diameter range with the best wave energy capture effect under different wave conditions through a wave flume test, and then determine the buoy diameter range of the flexible buoy 6 corresponding to the best wave energy conversion efficiency according to the collected water depth, wave height, and wave period data of the actual sea conditions.

[0038] In this embodiment, in step S3, the situations where the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height include the following two types: (1) When the actual wave height is greater than the working range of the active wave height, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the air turbine 1 is locked and stops rotating; (2) When the actual wave height is less than the working range of the active wave height, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the air turbine 1 is locked and stops rotating.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The content not disclosed in the present invention belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter, characterized in that: It includes an air turbine, a rigid float, a flexible float and a heave plate, the rigid float is a cylinder with a fixed annular cavity, an oscillating water column channel is provided in the center of the rigid float, an air vent communicated with the oscillating water column channel is provided in the center of the top of the rigid float, the air turbine is fixedly installed at the air vent, a plurality of evenly distributed vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid float, the lower ends of the vertical rods are fixedly connected to the heave plate, the flexible float is a cylinder with a radially variable annular cavity, the flexible float is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rigid float, and an inflation and exhaust device for inflating or exhausting the flexible float to change its radial size is fixedly installed in the fixed annular cavity.

2. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation and degassing device comprises an inflation pump and a degassing pump which are symmetrically arranged. The inflation pump can inflate the flexible buoy to increase its radial dimension, and the degassing pump can degas the flexible buoy to reduce its radial dimension.

3. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air pump includes a first pump body, a first air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe. The air inlet end of the first air inlet pipe passes through the top side wall of the rigid float and is connected to the atmosphere. The air outlet end of the first air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet end of the first pump body. The air outlet end of the first pump body is connected to the air inlet end of the first air outlet pipe. The air outlet end of the first air outlet pipe passes through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid float and is connected to the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible float.

4. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum pump includes a second pump body, a second air inlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe. The air inlet end of the second air inlet pipe passes through the outer peripheral side wall of the rigid float and is connected with the radially variable annular cavity of the flexible float. The air outlet end of the second air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet end of the second pump body. The air outlet end of the second pump body is connected with the air inlet end of the second air outlet pipe. The air outlet end of the second air outlet pipe passes through the top side wall of the rigid float and is connected to the atmosphere.

5. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the radially variable annular cavity.

6. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the rigid float, and a probe of the liquid level sensor extends into the oscillating water column channel. The liquid level sensor can measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column in the oscillating water column channel.

7. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid buoy and the flexible buoy are both annular structures.

8. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heave plate is a circular plate structure, and the diameter of the heave plate is equal to the outer diameter of the rigid buoy.

9. The wave energy power generation buoy with variable buoy diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mooring ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heave plate.

10. A control method for a wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter, used to control the wave energy power generation buoy with a variable buoy diameter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Set the active wave height working range of the buoy; S2. Collect the actual sea depth, wave height and wave period data through the depth meter and wave meter to determine the buoy diameter range corresponding to the best wave energy conversion efficiency; S3, judging whether the actual wave height exceeds the working range of the active wave height, if so, the buoy stops generating electricity, and the inflation and exhaust device extracts all the gas in the flexible buoy, at which time the buoy diameter is the smallest, if not, executing step S4; S4, adjusting the radial variable annular cavity pressure of the flexible buoy within the buoy diameter range corresponding to the best wave energy conversion efficiency: if the buoy diameter needs to be increased, the inflation and exhaust device performs inflation work, the radial variable annular cavity pressure of the flexible buoy increases, and the radial size of the flexible buoy becomes larger; if the buoy diameter needs to be reduced, the inflation and exhaust device performs exhaust work, the radial variable annular cavity pressure of the flexible buoy decreases, and the radial size of the flexible buoy becomes smaller; if the buoy diameter needs to remain unchanged, executing step S5; S5. Use the liquid level sensor to measure the liquid level position of the oscillating water column in the rigid float in real time to determine whether the average amplitude of the oscillating water column has reached a peak value. If not, repeat step S4. If so, the inflation and exhaust device does not work to keep the buoy diameter unchanged.

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