Breakwater embedded with oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device adapting to tidal range change

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, in particular to a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device adapting to tidal range variation, which comprises a breakwater body, a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the head wave surface of the breakwater body and are respectively arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a driving system is arranged in each mounting groove. The driving system is connected with an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device, and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device is driven by the driving system to ascend and descend in the vertical direction. A plurality of oscillating water column type wave energy power generation devices are embedded in the head wave face of the breakwater body at intervals, and the heights and opening orientations of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation devices are flexibly adjusted through the driving system so as to adapt to and be matched with tidal range changes and incoming wave direction changes of a service sea area; on the basis of maintaining stable mooring conditions in the harbor, energy absorption and capture of waves with different tide levels and incoming wave directions are achieved in an efficient mode, and the capture efficiency is improved to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, in particular to a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device that adapts to tidal range changes. Background Art

[0002] As an important engineering structure to maintain stable berthing conditions in port operations, breakwaters are located on the periphery of the port waters to ensure that the port has sufficient water depth and a smooth water surface to meet the requirements of ships mooring, loading and unloading operations, and navigation in the port. With the continuous development of intelligent terminal technology and the unauthorized innovation of corresponding loading and unloading operation technologies, the requirements for stable berthing conditions in the port basin continue to increase. How to improve the wave-breaking capacity of breakwaters has become a technical problem in the field of port engineering. In response to the demand for breakwaters to maintain stable berthing conditions in the port basin, the industry has proposed a variety of solutions from different angles. Among them, the more representative technical measure is to integrate wave energy power generation devices into breakwater devices, convert and absorb wave energy through wave energy power generation devices, weaken water energy, and enhance the wave-breaking effect.

[0003] The integration of wave energy power generation devices into breakwaters can achieve the dual functions of wave absorption and coastal protection, while also sharing costs, and has a relatively promising development prospect. Patent CN108644057B discloses a breakwater and dual-chamber oscillating water column power generation device, which utilizes a dual-chamber oscillating water column power generation device with high wave energy conversion efficiency to extract energy, block wave impacts, and maintain the stability of the water surface in the harbor. Patent CN110184993A discloses a square box-type floating breakwater with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device, which has a water inlet on the wave-facing surface of the square box-type floating breakwater. Waves enter and exit the air chamber through the water inlet to achieve gas compression and expansion, complete energy absorption, and provide a stable water environment for the sea area. Patent CN117661502A discloses a wave energy utilization type hollow breakwater with broadband energy capture and wave elimination. It is based on a transverse waterway structure and adopts a resonant period complementary design to achieve broadband wave energy capture and thus broadband wave protection performance, focusing on breaking through the problem of hollow breakwater in reducing wave energy with longer periods.

[0004] In summary, in order to meet the requirement of the breakwater to maintain stable mooring conditions in the harbor, the above-mentioned technical solutions all absorb wave energy by integrating wave energy power generation devices, thereby improving the wave-breaking capacity of the device. However, for the pile-foundation breakwater structure, the design structures in the above-mentioned technical solutions are all fixed structures. The wave energy power generation devices are difficult to adapt to the periodic changes in tide levels, and the captured energy is lost a lot, the capture efficiency is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is affected. In addition, when the tide level is at a low or high level in some time periods, it may directly lead to the failure of the wave energy power generation device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and propose a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device that can adapt to tidal changes. The breakwater is designed to meet the demand for continuous improvement of the breakwater's wave-breaking capacity and berthing stability in the harbor, as well as to adapt to specific needs such as changes in tide level and direction of incoming waves. The present invention embeds an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device that can automatically adjust its height and orientation on the wave-facing side of the breakwater. By adjusting the height and orientation of the oscillating water column air chamber at different time periods, efficient absorption of wave energy is achieved, and then berthing conditions in the harbor are maintained, thereby solving the problem in the above-mentioned existing technology that it is difficult to adapt to periodic tidal changes, resulting in a large loss of captured energy and reduced capture efficiency. In particular, the present invention solves the problem of functional failure of the wave energy power generation device when the tide level is at a lower or higher time period.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device that adapts to tidal changes includes a breakwater body. The wave-facing surface of the breakwater body is provided with a mounting groove. There are multiple mounting grooves, which are spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction. A drive system is provided in the mounting groove. The drive system is connected to the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device, and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device is driven to rise and fall in the vertical direction by the drive system.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device is connected to the drive system through a connecting assembly. The drive system includes a drive box installed in the installation groove and a ball spline vertically arranged in the drive box. One end of the ball spline is connected to the upper end of the connecting assembly, and the other end of the ball spline is connected to a lifting plate arranged in the drive box. The lifting plate is connected to a linear transmission mechanism for driving the lifting plate to rise and fall in the vertical direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the linear transmission mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder vertically fixed in the drive box, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, one end of the lifting plate in the horizontal direction is connected to the ball spline, and the other end in the horizontal direction is slidably connected to the drive box in the vertical direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a bracket connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device and a lifting column connected to the upper end of the bracket. The bottom of the drive box is a base plate, and a through hole is provided on the base plate. The lifting column extends vertically into the drive box through the through hole and is connected to one end of the ball spline. A limiting assembly for limiting the lifting column is provided in the drive box.

[0011] Furthermore, the limit assembly includes a slide groove arranged on the base plate and extending along the circumference of the through hole. One end of the limit rod is slidably connected in the slide groove, and a limit hole for the other end of the limit rod to be inserted is correspondingly opened on the lifting column. There are multiple limit holes and they are respectively arranged at intervals from each other in the vertical direction. The driving box is provided with a pulling and inserting mechanism for driving the limit rod to be pulled out of the limit hole and driving the limit rod to be inserted into the limit hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the pulling and inserting mechanism includes a permanent magnet arranged on the end of the limiting rod away from the lifting column, and an electromagnet is provided on the horizontal circumferential outer side of the permanent magnet along the through hole, and the electromagnet is arranged on the bottom plate. The pulling and inserting mechanism also includes a return spring located in the through hole, one end of the return spring is connected to the limiting rod, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a slot is provided on the front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device, and the driving system includes a motor arranged on the lifting plate for driving the ball spline, the connecting assembly and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device to rotate together. The output shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the ball spline, and the end of the ball spline connected to the motor is rotatably connected to the lifting plate through a bearing, and a plurality of the limiting holes are provided on the circumference of the lifting column.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of the slide grooves are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the through hole, and the number of the insertion and withdrawal mechanisms, the limiting rods and the slide grooves is the same.

[0015] Furthermore, a support plate is provided in the drive box, the ball spline is rotatably connected to the support plate through a bearing, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the support plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention embeds and installs multiple oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices at intervals on the wave-facing surface of the breakwater body, and flexibly adjusts the height and opening orientation of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices through a drive system, thereby perfectly adapting to and matching the changes in tidal range and incoming wave direction in the service sea area. On the basis of maintaining stable mooring conditions in the port, it achieves energy absorption and capture of waves at different tide levels and incoming wave directions in an efficient manner, thereby maximizing the wave energy capture efficiency. In addition, the height and opening orientation of the adjusted oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices are limited and fixed by a limiting component, ensuring the stability of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation devices during service, avoiding direct impact of waves on the drive system, and increasing the service life of the drive system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of the driving system and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive box in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the drive system of the present invention (the lifting column is at its highest position); Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0018] Wherein, the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Breakwater body; 11. Mounting groove; 2. Drive system; 21. Drive box; 211. Through hole; 212. Bottom plate; 22. Ball spline; 23. Lifting plate; 24. Connecting assembly; 241. Bracket; 242. Lifting column; 2421. Limiting hole; 25. Hydraulic cylinder; 251. Piston rod; 26. Limiting assembly; 261. Limiting rod; 262. Electromagnet; 263. Return spring; 264. Flange; 265. Slide; 266. Permanent magnet; 27. Motor; 28. First bearing seat; 29. ​​Second bearing seat; 20. Support plate; 3. Oscillating water column wave energy power generation device; 31. Slot; 32. Air turbine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0023] For easier understanding, see Figures 1 to 2 This embodiment provides a breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device that adapts to tidal range changes. The breakwater includes a horizontally extending hollow breakwater body 1, whose wave-facing surface (i.e., the front surface) is provided with a plurality of horizontally spaced mounting grooves 11. A drive system 2 is disposed in each mounting groove 11. An output end at a lower end of the drive system 2 is fixedly connected to an upper end of an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3. The output end of the drive system 2 drives the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 to rise and fall in the vertical direction so that the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 can adapt to tidal range changes. The output end of the drive system 2 drives the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 to rotate in the vertical direction so that the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 can adapt to changes in incoming waves. That is, the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 that adapts to changes in tidal range and incoming wave direction is embedded and installed in the wave-facing surface of the breakwater body 1.

[0024] For easier understanding, see Figures 2 to 5The drive system 2 includes a drive box 21 fixedly installed in the installation groove 11, and a ball spline 22, a lifting plate 23 and a linear transmission mechanism arranged in the drive box 21. Specifically, the ball spline 22 is vertically arranged in the drive box 21, the lower end of the ball spline 22 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting component 24, the lower end of the connecting component 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3, the upper end of the ball spline 22 is connected to the front end of the lifting plate 23 (i.e., the front direction of the breakwater body 1), the rear end of the lifting plate 23 (i.e., the back direction of the breakwater body 1) is connected to the drive box 21 in a sliding manner in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the lifting plate 23 near the middle is connected to the output end of the linear transmission mechanism, and the linear transmission mechanism is used to drive the lifting plate 23 to slide and rise in the vertical direction. Since the front end of the lifting plate 23 is connected to the upper end of the ball spline 22, and the lower end of the ball spline 22 is connected to the upper end of the connecting assembly 24, and the lower end of the connecting assembly 24 is connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3, when the output end of the linear transmission mechanism drives the lifting plate 23 to slide and rise and fall, it will drive the ball spline 22, the connecting assembly 24 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 to rise and fall together, so that the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 can adapt to the changes in the tidal range. Preferably, the linear transmission mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder 25 vertically fixedly arranged in the drive box 21, and the end of the piston rod 251 of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting plate 23. The piston rod 251 extends and retracts in the vertical direction, driving the lifting plate 23 to slide and rise in the vertical direction. More specifically, the bottom of the drive box 21 is a base plate 212, and a vertical through hole 211 is opened in the middle of the base plate 212. The connecting component 24 includes a bracket 241 and a lifting column 242, wherein the aperture of the through hole 211 is larger than the outer diameter of the lifting column 242, and the upper end of the lifting column 242 extends vertically into the drive box 21 through the through hole 211 and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ball spline 22. The lower end of the lifting column 242 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bracket 241 outside the drive box 21, and the lower end of the bracket 241 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3. A limit component 26 is provided in the drive box 21, and the position of the lifting column 242 is fixedly limited by the limit component 26. Furthermore, a counterweight or other components can be installed at the rear end of the lifting plate 23 to achieve gravity balance at the front and rear ends of the lifting plate 23, or the installation point of the piston rod 251 on the lifting plate 23 can be adjusted to achieve torque balance, so as to ensure that the piston rod 251 drives the lifting plate 23 to slide stably in the vertical direction when extending or retracting, and there will be no jamming; further, a set of linear transmission mechanisms can be optionally provided on both symmetrical sides of the bearing member (ball spline 22), which can also ensure that the lifting plate 23 slides stably in the vertical direction.

[0025] For easier understanding, see Figures 3 to 7The limiting assembly 26 comprises three sliding grooves 265 arranged on the bottom plate 212 and extending outward along the circumferential direction of the through hole 211 respectively, the three sliding grooves 265 are arranged at intervals of 120° along the circumferential direction of the lifting column 242 respectively, and the three limiting rods 261 are all arranged horizontally and connected with one sliding groove 265 respectively. The outer end of the limiting rod 261 is connected with the sliding groove 265, and the lifting column 242 is provided with limiting holes 2421 into which the inner end of the limiting rod 261 is inserted, the limiting holes 2421 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction respectively. Specifically, in the same horizontal direction, there are nine limiting holes 2421 arranged at intervals of 40° along the circumferential direction of the lifting column 242. Three pulling and inserting mechanisms are arranged in the drive box 21, and the inner end of the limiting rod 261 is pulled out of the limiting hole 2421 or inserted into the limiting hole 2421 by the pulling and inserting mechanism.

[0026] For the sake of convenience, please continue to refer to Figures 3 to 7, the extraction and insertion mechanism includes an electromagnet 262, a permanent magnet 266 and a reset spring 263 arranged transversely in the through hole 211. Specifically, the permanent magnet 266 is fixedly installed on the outer side end of the limiting rod 261 (i.e. the end away from the lifting column 242), and the electromagnet 262 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal outer side of the permanent magnet 266 along the through hole 211, that is, the axes of the electromagnet 262, the permanent magnet 266 and the reset spring 263 are all located on the axis of the limiting rod 261, and the sliding direction of the limiting rod 261 on the sliding groove 265 is the same as the axial direction of the limiting rod 261; the limiting rod 261 is provided with a flange 264 on the side close to the lifting column 242 (i.e. the side inserted into the limiting hole 2421 or the side away from the permanent magnet 266), one end of the reset spring 263 is fixedly connected to the flange 264, and the other end of the reset spring 263 is fixedly connected to the through hole 211 of the bottom plate 212. In the initial state, the electromagnet 262 is in a de-energized demagnetization state, the reset spring 263 is in a relaxed state, and one end of the limiting rod 261 is inserted into the limiting hole 2421, that is, the lifting column 242 is in a limiting state; when it is necessary to adjust the position of the lifting column 242, the electromagnet 262 is energized to magnetize, the permanent magnet 266 installed at the end of the limiting rod 261 is moved to the electromagnet 262 under the action of magnetic force, that is, the limiting rod 261 is slid to the electromagnet 262, that is, the limiting rod 261 slides away from the lifting column 242, the end of the limiting rod 261 is extracted from the limiting hole 2421 and separated, and at the same time, the flange 264 on the limiting rod 261 also moves with the limiting rod 261, so that the reset spring 263 is subjected to axial pressure and shrinks, at this time, the lifting plate 23, the ball spline 22, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 are driven to rise and fall together through the straight line transmission mechanism, so as to realize the function of adapting to the change of tidal range of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3; when the position adjustment of the lifting column 242 is completed and it is necessary to limit the lifting column 242, the electromagnet 262 is de-energized to demagnetize, the reset spring 263 resets after releasing the elastic potential energy, pushes the flange 264 close to the lifting column 242 to reset, and then drives the limiting rod 261 to slide horizontally to reset, that is, the end of the limiting rod 261 is inserted horizontally into the limiting hole 2421, so as to realize the limiting of the lifting plate 23, the ball spline 22, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3.

[0027] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figures 2 to 5The front wall (the wall facing the waves) of the air chamber of the oscillating water column wave energy generator 3 is provided with a slot 31. The drive system 2 also includes a motor 27 fixedly mounted above the front end of the lifting plate 23. The output shaft of the motor 27 is connected to the upper end of the ball spline 22 via a coupling (or other transmission mechanism, not limited here), thereby transmitting rotational motion. The upper end of the ball spline 22 is rotatably connected to the front end of the lifting plate 23 via a bearing mounted in a first bearing seat 28. The first bearing seat 28 is fixedly connected to the front end of the lifting plate 23. When it is necessary to adjust the wave-facing surface of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3, first, the three limiting rods 261 are all pulled out from the corresponding limiting holes 2421 through the insertion and withdrawal mechanism, and the limiting state of the lifting column 242 is cancelled; then, the ball spline 22 is driven by the motor 27 to rotate a certain angle. Since the ball spline 22, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 are always kept relatively fixed, when the motor 27 drives the ball spline 22 to rotate, it will drive the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 to rotate together; finally, the three limiting rods 261 are all inserted into the corresponding limiting holes 2421 through the insertion and withdrawal mechanism to achieve the limiting of the lifting column 242, thereby achieving the steering adjustment of the wave-facing surface of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3.

[0028] Specifically, the ball spline 22 comprises a spline shaft and a spline nut (the spline nut may also be referred to as an outer cylinder or nut). The spline shaft is axially movable relative to the spline nut. A horizontal support plate 20 is fixedly mounted near the center of the drive box 21. The spline nut is rotatably connected to the support plate 20 via a bearing mounted in the second bearing seat 29. The upper end of the spline shaft is rotatably connected to the front end of the lifting plate 23 via a bearing mounted in the first bearing seat 28. The lower end of the spline shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting column 242. The drive system 2 also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the components installed in the breakwater body 1 (including the hydraulic cylinder 25, motor 27, and electromagnet 262). The breakwater body 1 is equipped with monitoring sensors for monitoring changes in water level and incoming wave direction. Alternatively, the controller can be connected to the port's control center to access and obtain real-time tide level and wave direction information, allowing for flexible adjustment of the height and orientation of the oscillating water column wave energy device.

[0029] The method of using the present invention: Regarding the change of tidal range: in the initial state, the lifting column 242 is at the lowest position and in a limited state, and the corresponding oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is also at the lowest position. At this time, the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 can better capture the wave energy when the water level is at the lowest tide level. As the water level gradually rises from the lowest tide level, the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 at the lowest position cannot better capture the wave energy. At this time, the controller drives all the electromagnets 262 to be energized and magnetized, so that the ends of all the limiting rods 261 slide horizontally out of the corresponding limiting holes 2421, respectively, to cancel the limit on the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3; then the controller drives the piston rod 251 of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to extend vertically upward, pushing the lifting plate 23 to slide vertically upward, driving the motor 27, the spline shaft, the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 to move vertically upward together until the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 When the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 are in an optimal capturing position and the limiting rod 261 and the limiting hole 2421 of the corresponding lifting column 242 are in a horizontal coaxial position, the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 are lifted once; then the controller drives all the electromagnets 262 to be powered off and demagnetized, so that all the limiting rods 261 slide horizontally and are inserted into the corresponding limiting holes 2421, thereby limiting the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3; as the water level gradually rises, the above steps are repeated in sequence to gradually lift the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 to the highest position. At this time, the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 can better capture the wave energy when the water level is at the highest tidal level.After that, the water level will gradually drop from the highest tide level. The oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 at the highest position cannot capture wave energy well. At this time, the controller drives all electromagnets 262 to be energized and magnetized, so that the ends of all limit rods 261 slide horizontally out of the corresponding limit holes 2421, respectively, and cancel the limit on the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3; then the controller drives the piston rod 251 of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to retract vertically downward, pulling the lifting plate 23 to slide vertically downward, driving the motor 27, spline shaft, lifting column 242, bracket 241, and oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 to move vertically downward together until the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is in a better capture position. The limiting rod 261 and the limiting hole 2421 of the corresponding lifting column 242 are in a horizontal coaxial position, that is, the height lowering action of the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is completed once; then the controller drives all the electromagnets 262 to be powered off and demagnetized, so that all the limiting rods 261 slide horizontally and are inserted into the corresponding limiting holes 2421, thereby limiting the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3; as the water level gradually drops, the above steps are repeated in sequence to gradually lower the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 to the lowest position, so that during the tidal range change, the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 can always capture wave energy at a better capture position, thereby maximizing the capture efficiency.

[0030] Regarding the change in the direction of the incoming waves: in the initial state, the opening direction of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is directly forward and is in a limited state. At this time, the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 can better capture the wave energy of the incoming wave direction perpendicular to the breakwater body 1. This is because the front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is provided with a slot 31, and its opening direction is adapted to the incoming wave direction. Under the action of waves, the front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 has a small draft and the rear wall has a large draft, which can efficiently capture the wave energy and convert it into mechanical energy through the air turbine 32, and then into electrical energy. When the incoming wave direction is tilted and the angle between the incoming wave direction and the front direction of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is greater than a certain angle, the controller drives all the electromagnets 262 to be energized and magnetized, so that the ends of all the limit rods 261 slide horizontally out of the corresponding limit holes 2421, and the limit on the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is cancelled; then the controller drives the motor 27 to operate, driving the spline shaft to rotate a certain angle, and then driving the lifting column 242, the bracket 241, and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 to rotate a certain angle together, until the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device 3 is The front face is rotated until it is nearly collinear with the incoming wave direction, and the limiting rod 261 is in a horizontally coaxial position with the limiting hole 2421 of the corresponding lifting column 242, thus completing the azimuth rotation of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3. The controller then drives all electromagnets 262 to de-energize and demagnetize, causing all limiting rods 261 to slide horizontally and insert into the corresponding limiting holes 2421, thereby limiting the lifting column 242 and the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3. This ensures that the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device 3 always captures wave energy in the optimal orientation during changes in the incoming wave direction, thereby maximizing the capture efficiency. Due to the large-scale characteristics of the breakwater body 1 (the figure shows a segment of the breakwater body 1), the oscillating water column wave energy devices embedded in different locations may correspond to different incoming wave directions. The controller can independently control the orientation of each oscillating water column wave energy device to achieve efficient energy capture and maintain stable mooring conditions in the harbor.

[0031] Although the present invention has been described using the above preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art who makes various changes and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes, comprising a breakwater body (1), characterized in that: The wave-facing surface of the breakwater body (1) is provided with a mounting groove (11), wherein a plurality of mounting grooves (11) are arranged at intervals from each other in the horizontal direction, and a driving system (2) is provided in the mounting groove (11). The driving system (2) is connected to an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device (3), and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device (3) is driven to rise and fall in the vertical direction by the driving system (2).

2. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the oscillating water column wave energy power generation device (3) is connected to the driving system (2) via a connecting assembly (24). The driving system (2) comprises a driving box (21) installed in the installation groove (11) and a ball spline (22) vertically arranged in the driving box (21). One end of the ball spline (22) is connected to the upper end of the connecting assembly (24), and the other end of the ball spline (22) is connected to a lifting plate (23) arranged in the driving box (21). The lifting plate (23) is connected to a linear transmission mechanism for driving the lifting plate (23) to move up and down in a vertical direction.

3. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The linear transmission mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder (25) vertically fixedly arranged in a driving box (21), and a piston rod (251) of the hydraulic cylinder (25) is connected to the lifting plate (23).

4. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the lifting plate (23) in the horizontal direction is connected to the ball spline (22), and the other end in the horizontal direction is slidably connected to the driving box (21) in the vertical direction.

5. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (24) comprises a bracket (241) connected to the upper end of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device (3) and a lifting column (242) connected to the upper end of the bracket (241); the bottom of the driving box (21) is a bottom plate (212); a through hole (211) is provided on the bottom plate (212); the lifting column (242) extends vertically through the through hole (211) into the driving box (21) and is connected to one end of the ball spline (22); a limiting assembly (26) for limiting the lifting column (242) is provided in the driving box (21).

6. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal variations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (26) includes a slide groove (265) provided on the bottom plate (212) and extending along the circumference of the through hole (211); one end of the limiting rod (261) is slidably connected in the slide groove (265); a corresponding limiting hole (2421) for inserting the other end of the limiting rod (261) is provided on the lifting column (242); there are a plurality of limiting holes (2421) and they are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; a pulling and inserting mechanism for driving the limiting rod (261) to be pulled out of the limiting hole (2421) and to be driven to be inserted into the limiting hole (2421) is provided in the driving box (21).

7. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulling and inserting mechanism includes a permanent magnet (266) arranged on the end of the limiting rod (261) away from the lifting column (242), and an electromagnet (262) is arranged on the horizontal circumferential outer side of the permanent magnet (266) along the through hole (211). The electromagnet (262) is arranged on the bottom plate (212). The pulling and inserting mechanism also includes a return spring (263) located in the through hole (211), one end of the return spring is connected to the limiting rod (261), and the other end is connected to the bottom plate (212).

8. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slot (31) is provided on the front wall of the air chamber of the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device (3); the driving system (2) comprises a motor (27) arranged on the lifting plate (23) for driving the ball spline (22), the connecting assembly (24) and the oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device (3) to rotate together; the output shaft of the motor (27) is connected to one end of the ball spline (22); the end of the ball spline (22) connected to the motor (27) is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (23) via a bearing; and a plurality of limiting holes (2421) are provided on the circumference of the lifting column (242).

9. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of the sliding grooves (265) are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the through hole (211), and the number of the insertion and withdrawal mechanisms, the limiting rods (261) and the sliding grooves (265) are the same.

10. The breakwater embedded with an oscillating water column wave energy power generation device adapted to tidal range changes according to claim 8, characterized in that: A support plate (20) is provided in the driving box (21), a ball spline (22) is rotatably connected to the support plate (20) via a bearing, and a hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixedly arranged on the support plate (20).

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