A multifunctional seeder

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional seeding machine and relates to the field of agricultural equipment.The multifunctional seeding machine comprises a soil turning unit and a discharging unit, and the discharging unit is internally provided with a variable seed metering device.In use, the multifunctional seeding machine controls the starting of electromagnets in multiple rotating discs by using electromagnetic control switches, so that the electromagnets are adsorbed and fixed with permanent magnets in the side wall of a rotating shaft, thereby enabling the rotating shaft to drive the rotating discs with a target number to rotate during the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the difference angle of the multiple rotating discs is adjusted by the electromagnets in different directions in the rotating discs, so that the adjustment of the seed throwing frequency and the number of seeds thrown at a time is achieved during the seed throwing process, thereby meeting the control of the number and interval of seeds thrown during the planting process of different types of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment technology, specifically to a multi-functional seeder. Background Technology

[0002] A seeder is an agricultural planting device that is usually moved by a tractor or other mechanical equipment. After turning the soil with the soil-turning component at the front, the seeder puts the seeds down, and then the soil-covering component at the rear covers the seeds with soil, thus completing the sowing process and effectively preventing the seeds from being eaten by organisms.

[0003] However, existing seeders typically use a built-in feeding tray for seed feeding control. One seed enters the tray at a time through the slots on the outside of the tray, and then the tray transfers the seed to the feeding pipe for feeding.

[0004] However, in actual use, the feeding speed and frequency determine the spacing of the seeds. In existing technologies, this is usually achieved by changing the motor speed. However, due to the limited size of the feeding disc, when the speed is too high, the seeds above may not have enough time to enter the slot, resulting in empty spinning or even crushing the seeds. At the same time, for some special crops, the number of seeds fed at one time varies, and the existing rotary feeding method cannot effectively control the number of seeds fed at one time. Therefore, a multi-functional seeder is provided to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-functional seeder that solves the problem that existing rotary seeders are inconvenient to adjust the seeding spacing and the number of seeds sown at a time.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-functional seeder, comprising;

[0007] The soil-turning unit is moved by traction to turn the soil before sowing and cover the soil after sowing;

[0008] The feeding unit, which is installed in the soil turning unit, is used for feeding seeds;

[0009] The feeding unit includes:

[0010] The seed storage box has a lid on top.

[0011] The feed pipe is installed below the seed storage box and is used for seed discharge;

[0012] A variable seed metering device is installed between the seed storage box and the feed pipe to change the seeding speed and the number of seeds dispensed at one time.

[0013] Preferably, the variable seed metering device includes;

[0014] A fixed cover is fixedly installed between the seed storage box and the feed pipe;

[0015] Multiple turntables are arranged inside a fixed cover, and their outer surface has a storage chamber for transferring seeds;

[0016] The rotating shaft is rotatably located inside multiple turntables, and its movement extends through the fixed cover.

[0017] A permanent magnet is fixedly installed in the side wall of the rotating shaft;

[0018] An electromagnet is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the turntable and magnetically attracted to a permanent magnet. The angle at which the turntable is magnetically attracted to the rotation shaft is changed by using different electromagnets.

[0019] Preferably, a feeding hopper is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed storage box, and multiple feeding channels are provided inside the feeding hopper. The fixed cover is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feeding hopper, and multiple feeding holes facing the feeding channels are opened at the top of the fixed cover. The multiple feeding holes are respectively at the same level as the storage chambers on the surfaces of multiple turntables. A linear discharge trough is opened at the bottom of the fixed cover, and a concentrator hopper connected to the linear discharge trough is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed cover. A corrugated hose is installed between the concentrator hopper and the feeding pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the interior of the fixed cover is provided with a plurality of fixed baffles corresponding one-to-one with the turntables. An annular conductor is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the fixed baffle. An annular conductive rail is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the turntable. The annular conductor is rotatably disposed in the annular conductive rail and the two are electrically connected. The annular conductor is connected to an electromagnetic control switch through a wire. The electromagnetic control switch is controlled and connected to a plurality of electromagnets.

[0021] Preferably, a protective box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed storage box, the variable seed metering device is installed inside the protective box, a variable frequency servo motor is fixedly installed inside the protective box, a drive gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the variable frequency servo motor, and a transmission gear is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating shaft, the drive gear meshing with the transmission gear.

[0022] Preferably, an auxiliary air pump is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective box. A three-way air guide pipe is installed at the output end of the auxiliary air pump. The two output ends of the three-way air guide pipe are respectively connected to the top of both sides of the collection hopper to assist the seeds to be quickly discharged downward through the feeding pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the soil-turning unit includes;

[0024] Main support;

[0025] The traveling mechanism is installed on both the front and rear sides of the main support;

[0026] The movable soil-turning component is installed at the bottom of the main support;

[0027] A support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed storage box, and the support frame is fixedly installed on the front side of the main support.

[0028] Preferably, the walking mechanism includes:

[0029] The traveling boom is hinged to the main support.

[0030] The support arm is fixedly mounted on the main support.

[0031] Shock absorbers are installed between the traveling boom and the support boom;

[0032] The traveling wheels are installed at the bottom of the traveling boom.

[0033] Preferably, the movable soil-turning component includes;

[0034] Soil-turning teeth are located at the bottom front side of the main support;

[0035] The soil covering arm is located at the bottom rear of the main support.

[0036] Two sets of T-shaped fixing frames are fixedly installed at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the main support, and the soil turning teeth and the soil covering arm are movably hinged to the bottom of the two sets of T-shaped fixing frames.

[0037] The driving hydraulic rod has its two ends movably hinged to the main support and the soil-turning teeth, respectively.

[0038] The U-shaped fastener is fixedly installed on the back of the soil turning tooth, and the feed pipe is fixedly installed in the U-shaped fastener;

[0039] A limiting baffle, which is fixedly installed in a set of T-shaped fixing frames, is used to limit the turning angle of the soil covering arm;

[0040] The synchronization mechanism is installed between the soil turning teeth and the soil covering arm.

[0041] Preferably, the synchronization mechanism includes:

[0042] Two sets of rotating arms are rotatably mounted on the sides of two sets of T-shaped fixed frames, and the two sets of rotating arms are fixedly connected to the soil turning teeth and the soil covering arm, respectively.

[0043] A fixed sleeve is rotatably mounted on the outer end of a set of rotating arms;

[0044] The T-shaped shaft is rotatably mounted on the outer end of another set of rotating arms, and the end of the T-shaped shaft is slidably mounted in the fixed sleeve.

[0045] A memory spring is set in a fixed sleeve and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of a T-shaped shaft.

[0046] This invention discloses a multifunctional seeder, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. This multi-functional seeder, by setting up a variable seed metering device, uses an electromagnetic control switch to activate the electromagnets inside multiple turntables during use. These electromagnets are attracted and fixed to the permanent magnets in the side wall of the rotating shaft, thereby driving the target number of turntables to rotate during the rotation of the rotating shaft. The angle difference between the multiple turntables is adjusted by the electromagnets in different positions inside, thereby adjusting the seeding frequency and the number of seeds per seeding during the seeding process. This meets the needs of controlling the number of seeds and the spacing between seeds in the planting of different types of crops.

[0048] 2. This multi-functional seeder uses a synchronization mechanism between the soil-turning teeth and the soil-covering arm. This mechanism allows the soil-turning teeth to rotate and position synchronously as they are lowered. Furthermore, by setting a limit baffle, the soil-covering arm can remain close to the ground when the soil-turning teeth rotate downwards at different angles, thus meeting the needs of different planting depths.

[0049] 3. This multi-functional seeder uses a fixed baffle on the side of the turntable. The fixed baffle remains stationary during the turntable's rotation, while the annular conductor rotates inside the annular conductive rail, thus maintaining electrical connection during rotation. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall outer surface structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soil turning unit structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the movable soil-turning component structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the feeding unit of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding unit of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the feeding unit of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the fixed cover of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the turntable of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the outer surface structure of the turntable of the present invention.

[0061] In the diagram: 1. Soil-turning unit; 11. Main support; 12. Traveling mechanism; 121. Traveling boom; 122. Support arm; 123. Shock absorber; 124. Traveling wheel; 13. Movable soil-turning component; 131. Soil-turning teeth; 132. Soil-covering arm; 133. Drive hydraulic rod; 134. T-shaped fixing frame; 135. Synchronization mechanism; 1351. Rotating arm; 1352. Fixing sleeve; 1353. T-shaped shaft; 1354. Memory spring; 136. U-shaped fixing component; 137. Limiting baffle; 2. Discharge unit; 21. Seed storage box; 22. Discharge pipe; 23. Support frame; 24. Box cover; 25. 26. Protective box; 27. Corrugated hose; 27. Variable seed metering device; 271. Fixed cover; 272. Variable frequency servo motor; 273. Transmission gear; 274. Drive gear; 275. Rotating shaft; 276. Turntable; 277. Fixed baffle; 278. Permanent magnet; 279. Feed inlet; 2710. Linear discharge trough; 2711. Storage chamber; 2712. Annular conductor; 2713. Annular conductive rail; 2714. Electromagnet; 2715. Electromagnetic control switch; 2716. Concentrated hopper; 28. Auxiliary air pump; 29. ​​Discharge hopper; 210. Three-way air duct; 211. Discharge channel. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] This application provides a multi-functional seeder that solves the problem that existing rotary seeders are inconvenient to adjust the seeding spacing and the number of seeds per batch.

[0064] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0065] This invention discloses a multifunctional seeder. Example 1

[0066] According to the appendix Figure 1-10 As shown, it includes a soil turning unit 1 and a feeding unit 2. The soil turning unit 1 is moved by traction to turn the soil before sowing and cover the soil after sowing. The feeding unit 2 is installed in the soil turning unit 1 and is used for feeding seeds.

[0067] The feeding unit 2 includes a seed storage box 21, a feeding pipe 22, and a variable seed metering device 27. The seed storage box 21 is equipped with a box cover 24 on top. The feeding pipe 22 is installed below the seed storage box 21 for seed discharge. The variable seed metering device 27 is located between the seed storage box 21 and the feeding pipe 22 for changing the seeding speed and the number of seeds discharged at one time.

[0068] The variable seed metering device 27 includes a fixed cover 271, an electromagnet 2714, a rotating shaft 275, multiple turntables 276, and a permanent magnet 278. The fixed cover 271 is fixedly installed between the seed storage box 21 and the feeding pipe 22. The multiple turntables 276 are rotatably disposed inside the fixed cover 271, and their outer surfaces are provided with storage chambers 2711 for transferring seeds. The rotating shaft 275 is rotatably disposed inside the multiple turntables 276, and it moves through the fixed cover 271. The permanent magnet 278 is fixedly disposed in the side wall of the rotating shaft 275. The electromagnet 2714 is fixedly disposed in the inner wall of the turntable 276, and it is magnetically attracted to the permanent magnet 278. The angle at which the turntable 276 is magnetically attracted to the rotating shaft 275 is changed by different electromagnets 2714.

[0069] A feeding hopper 29 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed storage box 21. The feeding hopper 29 has multiple feeding channels 211 inside. A fixed cover 271 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding hopper 29. The top of the fixed cover 271 has multiple inlet holes 279 facing the feeding channels 211. The multiple inlet holes 279 are respectively on the same horizontal plane as the storage chambers 2711 on the surface of multiple sets of turntables 276. A linear discharge trough 2710 is opened at the bottom of the fixed cover 271. A centralized hopper 2716 connected to the linear discharge trough 2710 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed cover 271. A corrugated hose 26 is installed between the centralized hopper 2716 and the feeding pipe 22.

[0070] The interior of the fixed cover 271 is provided with multiple fixed baffles 277 that correspond one-to-one with the turntables 276. An annular conductor 2712 is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the fixed baffle 277. An annular conductive rail 2713 is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the turntables 276. The annular conductor 2712 is rotatably disposed in the annular conductive rail 2713 and the two are electrically connected. The annular conductor 2712 is connected to an electromagnetic control switch 2715 through a wire. The electromagnetic control switch 2715 is controlled and connected to multiple electromagnets 2714.

[0071] A protective box 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed storage box 21. A variable seed metering device 27 is installed inside the protective box 25. A variable frequency servo motor 272 is fixedly installed inside the protective box 25. A drive gear 274 is fixedly installed at the output end of the variable frequency servo motor 272. A transmission gear 273 is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating shaft 275. The drive gear 274 meshes with the transmission gear 273.

[0072] An auxiliary air pump 28 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective box 25. A three-way air guide pipe 210 is installed at the output end of the auxiliary air pump 28. The two output ends of the three-way air guide pipe 210 are respectively connected to the top of both sides of the centralized hopper 2716 to assist the seeds to be discharged quickly downward through the feed pipe 22.

[0073] The soil turning unit 1 includes a main support 11, a walking mechanism 12, and a movable soil turning component 13. The walking mechanism 12 is installed on the front and rear sides of the main support 11; the movable soil turning component 13 is installed at the bottom of the main support 11; a support frame 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed storage box 21, and the support frame 23 is fixedly installed on the front side of the main support 11.

[0074] The traveling mechanism 12 includes a traveling arm 121, a support arm 122, a shock absorber 123, and a traveling wheel 124. The traveling arm 121 is movably hinged to the main support 11; the support arm 122 is fixedly mounted on the main support 11; the shock absorber 123 is installed between the traveling arm 121 and the support arm 122; and the traveling wheel 124 is installed at the bottom end of the traveling arm 121.

[0075] The movable soil-turning component 13 includes soil-turning teeth 131, soil-covering arms 132, a drive hydraulic rod 133, two sets of T-shaped fixing frames 134, a synchronization mechanism 135, a U-shaped fixing component 136, and a limiting baffle 137. The soil-turning teeth 131 are located at the bottom front side of the main support 11; the soil-covering arms 132 are located at the bottom rear side of the main support 11; the two sets of T-shaped fixing frames 134 are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom front and rear sides of the main support 11, and the soil-turning teeth 131 and the soil-covering arms 132 are respectively hinged. The two sets of T-shaped fixing frames 134 are connected to the bottom; the two ends of the driving hydraulic rod 133 are respectively hinged to the main support 11 and the soil turning tooth 131; the U-shaped fixing part 136 is fixedly installed on the back of the soil turning tooth 131, and the feeding pipe 22 is fixedly installed in the U-shaped fixing part 136; the limiting baffle 137 is fixedly installed in a set of T-shaped fixing frames 134 to limit the turning angle of the soil covering arm 132; the synchronization mechanism 135 is installed between the soil turning tooth 131 and the soil covering arm 132.

[0076] The synchronization mechanism 135 includes two sets of rotating arms 1351, a fixed sleeve 1352, a T-shaped shaft 1353, and a memory spring 1354. The two sets of rotating arms 1351 are rotatably mounted on the sides of two sets of T-shaped fixed frames 134, and the two sets of rotating arms 1351 are respectively fixedly connected to the soil turning teeth 131 and the soil covering arm 132. The fixed sleeve 1352 is rotatably mounted on the outer end of one set of rotating arms 1351. The T-shaped shaft 1353 is rotatably mounted on the outer end of the other set of rotating arms 1351, and its end is slidably mounted in the fixed sleeve 1352. The memory spring 1354 is mounted in the fixed sleeve 1352 and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the T-shaped shaft 1353.

[0077] Working principle: When using this device, the main support 11 is connected to the traction equipment, and then the seeds are placed inside multiple seed storage boxes 21. At this time, the drive hydraulic rod 133 is activated, causing the drive hydraulic rod 133 to extend, causing the turning teeth 131 to rotate downward around the front T-shaped fixing frame 134. The downward tilt angle of the turning teeth 131 is adjusted by controlling the extension of the drive hydraulic rod 133 to meet different planting depth requirements. At the same time, during the rotation of the turning teeth 131, the rotating arm 1351 on its top side drives another set of rotating arms 1351 to rotate, so that the covering arm 132 rotates accordingly. When the back of the covering arm 132 abuts against the limiting baffle 137, the covering arm 132 rotates into place. At this time, the turning teeth 131 continue to rotate, which will compress the memory spring 1354, thereby achieving different soil turning depths. At the same time, the covering arm 132 can ensure effective soil covering by keeping close to the ground.

[0078] At this time, the traction device pulls the entire device to move, causing the traveling wheels 124 to rotate and move. During the movement, the shock absorber 123 absorbs shocks, keeping the main support 11 moving smoothly. During the movement, the soil-turning teeth 131 dig trenches in the ground. At the same time, the electromagnetic control switch 2715 starts a set of electromagnets 2714 inside a set of turntables 276. At this time, the variable frequency servo motor 272 starts, and the drive gear 274 drives the transmission gear 273 to rotate. The transmission gear 273 drives the rotating shaft 275 to rotate. The rotating shaft 275 is attracted to the electromagnets 2714 through the permanent magnet 278, thereby causing a set of turntables 276 to rotate, while the fixed baffle 277 remains stationary. At this time, the annular conductor 2712 rotates inside the annular conductive rail 2713, thereby maintaining electrical connection during rotation. When the turntable 276 rotates and the storage chamber 2711 rotates to face the inlet hole 279, a seed inside the seed storage box 21 falls down into the storage chamber 2711 through a set of discharge channels 211 in the discharge hopper 29. Then the turntable 276 rotates, moving the seed to the linear discharge trough 2710, and then discharges it downward into the collection hopper 2716. Then, under the action of the auxiliary air pump 28, there is a downward high-speed airflow in the collection hopper 2716, which makes the seed quickly discharged through the discharge pipe 22 under the action of airflow and gravity, thus completing the sowing.

[0079] Then, the soil covering arm 132 at the rear gathers the soil from both sides towards the middle to cover the seeds, thus completing the entire sowing process. Example 2

[0080] See attached document Figure 1-10 More specifically, based on Example 1, the following is also relevant:

[0081] The variable seed metering device 27 has multiple application modes. Since each set of turntables 276 is equipped with multiple electromagnets 2714, by numbering the multiple electromagnets 2714, and then using the electromagnetic control switch 2715 to control the start of each electromagnet 2714, each set of turntables 276 can be magnetically attracted and fixed to the rotating shaft 275 at different angles. Therefore, when in use;

[0082] When multiple seeds need to be added at once, the electromagnetic control switch 2715 simultaneously controls the electromagnets 2714 in the same position inside multiple turntables 276 to start. This causes the permanent magnets 278 inside the rotating shaft 275 to attract and fix the electromagnets 2714 inside the multiple turntables 276 when the rotating shaft 275 rotates. At this time, the rotation of the rotating shaft 275 causes the multiple turntables 276 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the multiple feeding channels 211 inside the feeding hopper 29 simultaneously feed seeds downward, so that the number of seeds added at once is equal to the number of turntables 276 that are started.

[0083] When it is necessary to increase the seed dispensing frequency, the power of the variable frequency servo motor 272 can be increased, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 275 driving a set of turntables 276. This can increase the dispensing frequency within a certain range, while ensuring that the seeds can fall smoothly from the hopper 29 into the storage chamber 2711 during the rotation. If the dispensing frequency still does not meet the dispensing requirements, the electromagnetic control switch 2715 can be used to activate the electromagnets 2714 in different positions of multiple turntables 276. This will cause the rotating shaft 275 to rotate synchronously, driving multiple turntables 276 to rotate. However, the storage chambers 2711 on the multiple turntables 276 will remain staggered under the action of the electromagnets 2714 in different positions, thereby increasing the density of the storage chambers 2711 used during the entire rotation process.

[0084] The following examples will use specific numerical values;

[0085] Assuming there are four sets of turntables 276, and each turntable 276 has four storage chambers 2711, and these four storage chambers 2711 are evenly distributed, when a single turntable 276 is activated, one seed is placed for every 90 degrees of rotation. When two sets of turntables 276 are activated, by controlling the angle difference between the two sets of turntables 276 to be 45 degrees, one seed is placed for every 45 degrees of rotation, doubling the placement frequency. When four sets of turntables 276 are activated, by controlling the angle difference between the four sets of turntables 276 to be 22.5 degrees, one seed is placed for every 22.5 degrees of rotation of the rotating shaft 275, quadrupling the placement frequency.

[0086] In the above scheme, while keeping the speed of the variable frequency servo motor 272 constant, the number of turntables 276 put into use is increased, and the angle difference between the turntables 276 is changed, thereby changing the delivery frequency to meet the planting density requirements of different crops. Example 3

[0087] See attached document Figure 1-10 Based on Example 2, the turntable 276 can also be adjusted. For example, when two seeds need to be planted each time and the planting density needs to be doubled, the four turntables 276 can be set up in pairs, with the angle difference between the two turntables 276 in each pair being 0. At this time, two seeds can be planted each time during the rotation of the turntable 276 in this pair. Then, the angle difference between the two turntables 276 is set to 45 degrees. At this time, the rotating shaft 275 can perform eight seed plantings in one revolution, with two seeds planted each time, thereby realizing the adjustment of the number of seeds planted at one time and the adjustment of the planting density.

[0088] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-functional seeder, characterized in that, include; The soil turning unit (1) is moved by traction to turn the soil before sowing and cover the soil after sowing; The feeding unit (2), which is installed in the soil turning unit (1), is used for feeding seeds; The feeding unit (2) includes: A seed storage box (21) with a lid (24) installed on its top. The feed pipe (22) is installed below the seed storage box (21) and is used for seed discharge; A variable seed metering device (27) is installed between the seed storage box (21) and the feed pipe (22) to change the seeding speed and the number of seeds dispensed at one time; The variable seed metering device (27) includes; A fixed cover (271) is fixedly installed between the seed storage box (21) and the feed pipe (22); Multiple turntables (276) are rotatably disposed inside a fixed cover (271), and their outer surfaces are provided with storage chambers (2711) for transferring seeds. A rotating shaft (275) is rotatably disposed inside a plurality of turntables (276) and moves through a fixed cover (271). A permanent magnet (278) is fixedly disposed in the side wall of the rotating shaft (275); An electromagnet (2714) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the turntable (276) and is magnetically attracted to a permanent magnet (278). The turntable (276) changes the angle at which it is magnetically attracted to the rotating shaft (275) by using different electromagnets (2714). The fixed cover (271) is provided with a plurality of fixed baffles (277) corresponding one-to-one with the turntable (276). The outer surface of the fixed baffle (277) is fixedly provided with an annular conductor (2712). The outer surface of the turntable (276) is fixedly embedded with an annular conductive rail (2713). The annular conductor (2712) is rotatably disposed in the annular conductive rail (2713) and the two are electrically connected. The annular conductor (2712) is connected to an electromagnetic control switch (2715) through a wire. The electromagnetic control switch (2715) is controlled and connected to a plurality of electromagnets (2714).

2. The multi-functional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the seed storage box (21) is fixedly provided with a feeding hopper (29). The feeding hopper (29) is provided with multiple feeding channels (211). The fixed cover (271) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding hopper (29). The top of the fixed cover (271) is provided with multiple inlet holes (279) facing the feeding channels (211). The multiple inlet holes (279) are respectively on the same horizontal plane as the storage chambers (2711) on the surface of multiple turntables (276). The bottom of the fixed cover (271) is provided with a linear discharge trough (2710). The bottom of the fixed cover (271) is fixedly provided with a concentrator (2716) connected to the linear discharge trough (2710). A corrugated hose (26) is installed between the concentrator (2716) and the feeding pipe (22).

3. A multi-functional seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the seed storage box (21) is fixedly provided with a protective box (25). The variable seed metering device (27) is located inside the protective box (25). The protective box (25) is fixedly provided with a variable frequency servo motor (272). The output end of the variable frequency servo motor (272) is fixedly provided with a drive gear (274). The end of the rotating shaft (275) is fixedly provided with a transmission gear (273). The drive gear (274) meshes with the transmission gear (273).

4. A multi-functional seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary air pump (28) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective box (25). A three-way air guide pipe (210) is installed at the output end of the auxiliary air pump (28). The two output ends of the three-way air guide pipe (210) are respectively connected to the top of the two sides of the centralized hopper (2716) to assist the seeds to be discharged quickly downward through the feed pipe (22).

5. A multi-functional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil turning unit (1) includes; Main support (11); The traveling mechanism (12) is installed on both the front and rear sides of the main support (11); The movable soil turning component (13) is installed at the bottom of the main support (11); The bottom of the seed storage box (21) is fixedly provided with a support frame (23), which is fixedly provided on the front side of the main support (11).

6. A multi-functional seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (12) includes; The traveling boom (121) is movably hinged to the main support (11); The support arm (122) is fixedly mounted on the main support (11); Shock absorber (123), which is installed between the traveling boom (121) and the support arm (122); The traveling wheel (124) is mounted at the bottom of the traveling boom (121).

7. A multi-functional seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable soil turning component (13) includes; Soil-turning teeth (131) are located at the bottom front side of the main support (11); The soil covering arm (132) is located at the bottom rear side of the main support (11); Two sets of T-shaped fixing frames (134) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the main support (11), and the soil turning teeth (131) and the soil covering arm (132) are respectively hinged to the bottom of the two sets of T-shaped fixing frames (134); The driving hydraulic rod (133) is hinged at both ends to the main support (11) and the soil turning tooth (131), respectively; The U-shaped fastener (136) is fixedly installed on the back of the soil turning tooth (131), and the feed pipe (22) is fixedly installed in the U-shaped fastener (136); A limiting baffle (137) is fixedly installed in a set of T-shaped fixing frames (134) to limit the turning angle of the soil covering arm (132); Synchronization mechanism (135) is installed between soil turning tooth (131) and soil covering arm (132).

8. A multi-functional seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The synchronization mechanism (135) includes: Two sets of rotating arms (1351) are rotatably mounted on the sides of two sets of T-shaped fixed frames (134), and the two sets of rotating arms (1351) are fixedly connected to the soil turning teeth (131) and the soil covering arm (132) respectively. A fixed sleeve (1352) is rotatably mounted on the outer end of a set of rotating arms (1351); The T-shaped shaft (1353) is rotatably mounted on the outer end of another set of rotating arms (1351), and the end of the T-shaped shaft (1353) is slidably mounted in the fixed sleeve (1352); A memory spring (1354) is disposed in a fixed sleeve (1352) and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of a T-shaped shaft (1353).

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