A method and apparatus for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation effect

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, specifically disclosing a method and apparatus for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation. The cultivation apparatus is a dual-seed box planter for corn and soybeans. The planter includes a mounting plate, a connecting plate, a corn seed box, and a soybean seed box. Both the corn and soybean seed boxes have post-processing components at their bottoms. A connecting plate is provided along the length of the bottom of the mounting plate. The post-processing components include a ground-covering rod, a roller, a furrowing rod, a furrow opener, and a fixing plate. The fixing plate has a planting port. The top of the ground-covering rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate. This invention, using the above-mentioned method and apparatus for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation, achieves efficient symbiosis of corn and soybeans by optimizing crop space configuration, water and fertilizer management, and mechanized device design, thereby improving land utilization, reducing nitrogen fertilizer input, and improving the soil environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for the symbiotic cultivation of fresh corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation. Background Technology

[0002] Intercropping and relay cropping is an agricultural production model that makes full use of planting space and resources. Corn and soybean intercropping utilizes the different biological characteristics and spatiotemporal effects of corn and soybeans, allowing soybeans to take full advantage of the diffused light from the lower part of the corn plantation without affecting the normal growth of corn by making full use of direct sunlight.

[0003] In traditional intercropping patterns, the symbiosis of corn and soybeans often leads to reduced yields due to space competition, insufficient sunlight, or uneven nutrient distribution. Current technologies lack optimized designs for planting row spacing, density, and water and fertilizer management specific to the symbiotic system, resulting in underutilization of nitrogen fixation. Furthermore, the lack of suitable equipment for corn-soybean symbiotic planting limits the use of planting devices and restricts the large-scale application of this model. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the symbiotic cultivation of fresh corn and soybeans based on the nitrogen fixation effect. By optimizing crop space configuration, water and fertilizer management, and mechanized device design, the invention achieves efficient symbiosis of corn and soybeans, improves land utilization, reduces nitrogen fertilizer input, and improves the soil environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a symbiotic cultivation device for fresh corn and soybean based on nitrogen fixation effect. The cultivation device is a corn and soybean dual-seed box planter. The planter includes an installation plate, a connecting plate, a corn seed box, and a soybean seed box. Both the corn seed box and the soybean seed box are provided with post-processing components at their bottoms. The bottom of the installation plate is provided with a connecting plate along its length. The post-processing components include a ground covering rod, a roller, a furrowing rod, a furrow opener, and a fixing plate. The fixing plate is provided with a planting port. The top of the ground covering rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate. The corn seed box is located on both sides above the first connecting plate, and the soybean seed box is located on one side above the second connecting plate.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the ground cover rod is provided with a roller shaft, a fixing plate is provided on one side of the ground cover rod, a furrowing rod is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate away from the ground cover rod, a furrow opener is provided at the bottom of the furrowing rod, and the sowing port is located inside the furrowing rod.

[0007] Preferably, the corn seed box and the soybean seed box are connected to the side wall of the mounting plate through an extension plate, and the bottom of the corn seed box and the soybean seed box is provided with a sowing pipe, which is inserted into the sowing port.

[0008] Preferably, both sides of the connecting plate one and one side of the connecting plate two are provided with slides, a slider is provided in the slide, a spring is provided between the slider and the side wall of the slide, one end of the spring is connected to the slider and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide, the top of the ground rod is provided with a top block that cooperates with the slide, the top block is provided with an insertion hole, the mounting plate is provided with a pin that cooperates with the insertion hole, the pin passes through the mounting plate and extends into the slide, and both the connecting plate and the mounting plate are provided with through holes for the pin to pass through.

[0009] Preferably, the slider is provided with a groove, the side wall of the groove is inclined, and the pin can extend into and out of the groove through the inclined side wall of the groove.

[0010] This invention also provides a method for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation, which is implemented through a cultivation device and includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1, Variety selection and seed treatment: For corn, select fresh corn varieties with a growth period of 100-110 days and a plant height of 1.8-2.0m; for soybeans, select varieties with a growth period of 95-105 days and a shade tolerance coefficient ≥0.85. Treat corn seeds with a coating agent, and coat soybean seeds with 2% chitosan and inoculate them with rhizobium agent before sowing.

[0012] Step 2, strip sowing configuration, adopting a double corn strip and single soybean strip alternating planting mode, sowing is carried out through cultivation device, and a biodegradable membrane is set between the root zones of corn and soybean to block direct competition between roots, but allow water and small molecule nutrients to penetrate. The surface of the biodegradable membrane is loaded with a slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter.

[0013] Step 3: Coordinated water and fertilizer management. Apply 900-1000 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer per mu (667 square meters). Apply 17-20 kg of compound fertilizer along the sides of the corn strip. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer to the soybean strip. Apply 5 kg / mu of urea via drip irrigation during the corn jointing stage. Spray molybdenum fertilizer during the initial flowering stage of soybeans. Use a drip irrigation system. Irrigate 30 m³ / mu of water during the corn tasseling stage. 3 / mu, irrigation amount during soybean pod-setting stage: 20m 3 / mu;

[0014] Step 4: Nitrogen fixation effect regulation. Spray 0.1% glutamic acid solution during the flowering period of soybeans to promote the activity of rhizobia, and spray 0.3% zinc sulfate solution on the leaves during the silking period of corn to enhance photosynthetic efficiency.

[0015] Step 5: Green prevention and control of diseases and pests. During the co-existing period of corn and soybeans, the application of broad-spectrum insecticides is prohibited. Instead, targeted control is carried out using Bacillus thuringiensis preparations.

[0016] Step 6: Harvest in stages. Fresh corn is harvested manually during the milk stage, retaining the stalks. Soybeans are harvested mechanically during the full maturity stage, and the straw is crushed and returned to the field.

[0017] Preferably, in step 1, the concentration of the rhizobium inoculant solution is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0018] Preferably, in step 2, the corn strip has a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 22-25cm; the soybean strip is located between the two corn strips, with a row spacing of 60cm and a plant spacing of 8-10cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step 2, the biodegradable membrane has a thickness of 0.05 mm and a degradation cycle of 100-120 days.

[0020] Preferably, in step 2, the slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter is L-proline nanospheres.

[0021] The advantages and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned method and apparatus for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation are as follows:

[0022] 1. The cultivation device of the present invention is more applicable to the cultivation method of the present invention. When sowing corn and soybeans, the strip sowing configuration is based on the cultivation method. Corn and soybeans are sown on different days. When sowing soybeans, there is no need to use the subsequent processing components corresponding to the corn seed box. The subsequent processing components can be removed through the slide, pin shaft and top block without hindering the growth of the sown corn seeds.

[0023] 2. The cultivation method of this invention, which involves symbiotic cultivation of corn and soybeans, increases yield and reduces nitrogen fertilizer application compared to monoculture. A membrane is installed between the root zones of corn and soybeans to prevent direct contact between the roots of the two crops, reducing competition for water and nutrients and mitigating allelopathic inhibition of soybeans by corn. The membrane's degradation cycle is 120 days, synchronizing with the critical growth period of corn (seedling to grain-filling stage), ensuring the barrier effect continues until after the peak nutrient demand period of corn.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the strip sowing configuration of Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention, where A is Embodiment 1 and B is Comparative Example 2;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the connecting plate in the nitrogen-fixing-based symbiotic cultivation device for fresh corn and soybeans according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a side view of the symbiotic cultivation device for fresh corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation effect according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the symbiotic cultivation device for fresh corn and soybeans based on the nitrogen fixation effect of the present invention.

[0030] Figure Labels

[0031] 1. Corn seed box; 2. Connecting plate one; 3. Pin shaft; 4. Ground covering rod; 5. Mounting plate; 6. Connecting plate two; 7. Soybean seed box; 8. Roller shaft; 9. Extension plate; 10. Fixing plate; 11. Seeding pipe; 12. Seeding port; 13. Furrowing rod; 14. Furrow opener; 15. Slide rail; 16. Top block; 17. Sliding block; 18. Slide groove; 19. Spring; 20. Insertion hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This invention relates to a nitrogen-fixing-based symbiotic cultivation device for sweet corn and soybeans. The device is a dual-seed box planter for corn and soybeans. The planter includes a mounting plate 5, a connecting plate, a corn seed box 1, and a soybean seed box 7. The mounting plate 5 is existing technology and is connected to a drive device (e.g., a tractor) to drive the planter. The corn seed box 1 and soybean seed box 7 are arranged in a planting pattern of two rows of corn and one row of soybeans. Both the corn seed box 1 and soybean seed box 7 have post-processing components at their bottom. The mounting plate 5 has a connecting plate along its length at its bottom. The post-processing components include a ground cover rod 4, a roller 8, a furrowing rod 13, a furrow opener 14, and a fixing plate 10. The fixing plate 10 has a planting port 12. The top of the ground cover rod 4 is slidably connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate includes a first connecting plate 2 and a second connecting plate 6. The corn seed box 1 is located on both sides above the first connecting plate 2, and the soybean seed box 7 is located on one side above the second connecting plate 6.

[0036] The distance between the furrow openers 14 below the corn seed boxes 1 on both sides of the connecting plate 1 is the set row spacing of the corn strip, and the distance between the furrow openers 14 at the bottom of the corn seed box 1 and the soybean seed box 7 on one side is the set row spacing between the corn strip and the soybean strip.

[0037] The bottom of the ground cover rod 4 is equipped with a roller 8, and a fixing plate 10 is provided on one side of the ground cover rod 4. At the bottom of the fixing plate 10 away from the ground cover rod 4, there is a furrowing rod 13. At the bottom of the furrowing rod 13, there is a furrow opener 14. The seeding opening 12 is located inside the furrowing rod 13. When the tractor drives the device to move, the roller 8 presses the soil accumulated on both sides of the furrow opened by the furrow opener 14 back into the furrow, completing the final step of sowing.

[0038] Both the corn seed box 1 and the soybean seed box 7 are connected to the side wall of the mounting plate 5 via the extension plate 9. The bottom of the corn seed box 1 and the soybean seed box 7 is provided with a sowing pipe 11, which is inserted into the sowing port 12.

[0039] Both sides of connecting plate 12 and one side of connecting plate 2 are provided with slide rails 15. A slider 17 is provided within each slide rail 15. A spring 19 is provided between the slider 17 and the side wall of the slide rail 15. One end of the spring 19 is connected to the slider 17, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide rail 15. The top of the grounding rod 4 is provided with a top block 16 that mates with the slide rail 15. The top block 16 has an insertion hole 20. The mounting plate 5 has a pin 3 that mates with the insertion hole 20. The pin 3 passes through the mounting plate 5 and extends into the slide rail 15. Both the connecting plate and the mounting plate 5 have through holes for the pin 3 to pass through. The slider 17 has a groove 18 with an inclined side wall, allowing the pin 3 to extend into and exit the slide rail 15 through the inclined side wall of the groove 18.

[0040] When subsequent processing components need to be installed, insert the top block 16 into the slide rail 15 through the opening of the slide rail 15. The top of the top block 16 pushes the slider 17 to move inward into the slide rail 15, compressing the spring 19. The pin 3 rises along the inclined wall of the slide groove 18 through the through hole until the pin 3 leaves the slide rail 15. At this time, the top block 16 continues to move inward into the slide rail 15 until the insertion hole 20 on the top block 16 is aligned with the through hole of the pin 3. The pin 3 falls down into the insertion hole 20, and the ground cover rod 4 is fixed. Then insert the seeding pipe 11 into the seeding port 12. When it is necessary to disassemble the ground cover rod 4, first pull the seeding pipe 11 out of the seeding port 12, then pull up the pin 3. The pin 3 leaves the insertion hole 20. Pull the top block 16 outward, and the spring 19 extends, causing the slider 17 to slide outward until the slide groove 18 is aligned with the through hole of the pin 3. The pin 3 is inserted into the slide groove 18, and the ground cover rod 4 is disassembled.

[0041] The cultivation method of this invention varies the sowing time and depth of corn and soybeans depending on the temperature in different regions. When corn and soybeans are sown on different days, corn is sown before soybeans. If the bottom of the corresponding corn seed box 1 is still equipped with a post-treatment component when soybeans are sown, the furrow opener 14 of the post-treatment component will re-furrow the corn strip that has already been sown, which will affect the growth and development of the previously sown corn seeds.

[0042] This invention, by setting up a slide rail 15, a top block 16, a pin 3, a sliding groove 18, and a sowing pipe 11 that connects to the sowing port 12, allows the subsequent processing device to be disassembled. Compared with existing seeders, the subsequent processing device of the seeder is not easy to disassemble. The subsequent processing component of this invention is easy to disassemble, and the sowing of soybeans will not affect the growth and development of the already sown corn seeds.

[0043] The method for co-cultivating sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Variety selection and seed treatment. For corn, select a fresh-eating corn variety (Nongke Nuo 336) with a growth period of 100-110 days and a plant height of 1.8-2.0m. For soybeans, select a variety with a growth period of 95-105 days and a shade tolerance coefficient ≥0.85 (Ji Dou 12). Treat corn seeds with a coating agent. Before sowing, coat soybean seeds with 2% chitosan and inoculate with a rhizobium inoculum; the concentration of the rhizobium inoculum solution should be ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0045] Step 2: Strip planting configuration. A double-corn strip and single-soybean strip alternating planting pattern is adopted. Sowing is carried out using a cultivation device. The corn strip row spacing is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 22cm. The soybean strip is located between the two corn strips, with a row spacing of 60cm and a plant spacing of 8cm between the soybean and corn strips. A biodegradable membrane is set between the corn and soybean root zones to prevent direct root competition but allow water and small molecule nutrients to penetrate. The surface of the biodegradable membrane is loaded with a slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter. The biodegradable membrane is 0.05mm thick and has a degradation period of 100-120 days. The slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter is L-proline nanospheres. The 0.05mm thick membrane between the corn and soybean root zones prevents direct contact between the roots of the two crops, reducing competition for water and nutrients and mitigating allelopathic inhibition of soybeans by corn. The membrane degradation period of 120 days is synchronized with the key growth period of corn (seedling to grain-filling stage), ensuring the barrier effect continues until after the peak nutrient demand period of corn. The membrane allows water and small-molecule nutrients (such as nitrates and phosphates) to permeate freely, maintaining soil water and fertilizer connectivity and preventing localized nutrient depletion caused by complete isolation. Through pore size regulation (approximately 50-100 nm), it blocks large-molecule organic acids (such as benzoic acid secreted by corn roots), reducing toxicity to soybean rhizobia. The membrane surface is loaded with L-proline nanospheres (50-200 nm in particle size) as a slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter, which drives the production of ammonium ions (NH4+) from soybean rhizobia through a concentration gradient. + Ammonium ions diffuse into the corn root zone, improving migration efficiency. The directional migration of ammonium ions reduces nitrogen redundancy in the soybean root zone (lowering soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation), avoiding inhibition of rhizobium activity, while simultaneously meeting the high nitrogen requirements of corn. After absorbing ammonium ions, corn metabolizes them into amino acids through glutamine synthase (GS), improving nitrogen use efficiency.

[0046] Step 3: Coordinated water and fertilizer management. Apply 1000 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer per mu (667 square meters). Apply 20 kg of compound fertilizer along the sides of the corn strip, and do not apply nitrogen fertilizer to the soybean strip. Apply 5 kg / mu of urea via drip irrigation during the corn jointing stage. Spray molybdenum fertilizer at the initial flowering stage of soybeans. Use a drip irrigation system. Irrigate 30 m³ / mu of water per mu during the corn tasseling stage. 3 / mu, irrigation amount during soybean pod-setting stage: 20m 3 / mu.

[0047] Step 4: Nitrogen fixation effect regulation. Spray 0.1% glutamic acid solution during the flowering period of soybeans to promote the activity of rhizobia, and spray 0.3% zinc sulfate solution on the leaves during the silking period of corn to enhance photosynthetic efficiency.

[0048] Step 5: Green prevention and control of diseases and pests. During the co-existing period of corn and soybeans, the application of broad-spectrum insecticides is prohibited. Instead, targeted control is carried out using Bacillus thuringiensis preparations.

[0049] Step 6: Harvest in stages. Fresh corn is harvested manually during the milk stage, retaining the stalks. Soybeans are harvested mechanically during the full maturity stage, and the straw is crushed and returned to the field.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] The method for co-cultivating sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Variety selection and seed treatment. For corn, select a fresh-eating corn variety (Nongke Nuo 336) with a growth period of 100-110 days and a plant height of 1.8-2.0m. For soybeans, select a variety with a growth period of 95-105 days and a shade tolerance coefficient ≥0.85 (Ji Dou 12). Treat corn seeds with a coating agent. Before sowing, coat soybean seeds with 2% chitosan and inoculate with a rhizobium inoculum; the concentration of the rhizobium inoculum solution should be ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0053] Step 2, strip planting configuration: A double corn strip and a single soybean strip alternating planting pattern is adopted. Sowing is carried out using a cultivation device. The corn strips have a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 25cm, while the soybean strip is located between the two corn strips, with a row spacing of 60cm and a plant spacing of 10cm. A biodegradable membrane is placed between the corn and soybean root zones to prevent direct root competition but allow water and small molecule nutrients to permeate. The surface of the biodegradable membrane is loaded with a slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter. The biodegradable membrane is 0.05mm thick and has a degradation period of 100-120 days. The slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter is L-proline nanospheres.

[0054] Step 3: Coordinated water and fertilizer management. Apply 900 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer per mu (667 square meters). Apply 17 kg of compound fertilizer to the corn strip along the sides and deep into the soil. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer to the soybean strip. Apply 5 kg / mu of urea via drip irrigation during the corn jointing stage. Spray molybdenum fertilizer at the initial flowering stage of soybeans. Use a drip irrigation system. Irrigate 30 m³ / mu of water per mu during the corn tasseling stage. 3 / mu, irrigation amount during soybean pod-setting stage: 20m 3 / mu.

[0055] Step 4: Nitrogen fixation effect regulation. Spray 0.1% glutamic acid solution during the flowering period of soybeans to promote the activity of rhizobia, and spray 0.3% zinc sulfate solution on the leaves during the silking period of corn to enhance photosynthetic efficiency.

[0056] Step 5: Green prevention and control of diseases and pests. During the co-existing period of corn and soybeans, the application of broad-spectrum insecticides is prohibited. Instead, targeted control is carried out using Bacillus thuringiensis preparations.

[0057] Step 6: Harvest in stages. Fresh corn is harvested manually during the milk stage, retaining the stalks. Soybeans are harvested mechanically during the full maturity stage, and the straw is crushed and returned to the field.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] Unlike Example 1, the cultivation method does not involve laying a biodegradable membrane; all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is the cultivation method, which uses a strip sowing configuration and adopts an alternating planting pattern of double corn strips and double soybean strips. The row spacing of the corn strips is 45cm, the row spacing of the soybean strips is 45cm, and the row spacing of the soybeans and corn is 55cm. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0062] The cultivation methods of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were used for experimental testing, with corn sown on June 10 and soybeans sown on June 25.

[0063] Experimental location: Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, a warm temperate semi-humid climate, with brown soil (pH 7.3, organic matter 1.8%). Specific experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Experimental Results

[0065] parameter Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Fresh sweet corn yield (kg / mu) 1380 1250 1050 1125 Soybean yield (kg / mu) 175 159 105 125 Nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate % 52.3 48.9 28.8 21.7

[0066] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned method and device for the symbiotic cultivation of fresh corn and soybean based on nitrogen fixation effect. By optimizing crop space configuration, water and fertilizer management, and mechanized device design, it achieves efficient symbiosis of corn and soybean, improves land utilization, reduces nitrogen fertilizer input, and improves the soil environment.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation, characterized in that: The cultivation device is a dual-seed box planter for corn and soybean. The planter includes an installation plate, a connecting plate, a corn seed box, and a soybean seed box. Both the corn seed box and the soybean seed box have a post-processing component at their bottom. The installation plate has a connecting plate along its length at its bottom. The post-processing component includes a ground cover rod, a roller, a furrowing rod, a furrow opener, and a fixing plate. The fixing plate has a planting port. The top of the ground cover rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate. The corn seed box is located on both sides above the first connecting plate, and the soybean seed box is located on one side above the second connecting plate. Both sides of the first connecting plate and one side of the second connecting plate have slides. The slides contain sliders, and springs are provided between the sliders and the side walls of the slides. One end of the spring is connected to the slider, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide. The top of the ground cover rod has a top block that mates with the slide. The top block has an insertion hole. The installation plate has a pin that mates with the insertion hole. The pin passes through the installation plate and extends into the slide. Both the connecting plate and the installation plate have through holes for the pin to pass through. The slider is provided with a groove, and the side wall of the groove is inclined. The pin can extend into and out of the groove through the inclined side wall.

2. The symbiotic cultivation device for fresh corn and soybean based on nitrogen fixation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the ground cover rod is equipped with a roller shaft, and a fixing plate is provided on one side of the ground cover rod. A furrowing rod is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate away from the ground cover rod, and a furrow opener is provided at the bottom of the furrowing rod. The sowing opening is located inside the furrowing rod.

3. The symbiotic cultivation device for fresh corn and soybean based on nitrogen fixation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the corn seed box and the soybean seed box are connected to the side wall of the mounting plate via an extension plate. The bottom of the corn seed box and the soybean seed box is equipped with a sowing pipe, which is inserted into the sowing port.

4. A method for the symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation, characterized in that, It is achieved by the cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3, and includes the following steps: Step 1, Variety selection and seed treatment: For corn, select fresh corn varieties with a growth period of 100-110 days and a plant height of 1.8-2.0m; for soybeans, select varieties with a growth period of 95-105 days and a shade tolerance coefficient ≥0.

85. Treat corn seeds with a coating agent, and coat soybean seeds with 2% chitosan and inoculate them with rhizobium agent before sowing. Step 2, strip sowing configuration, adopting a double corn strip and single soybean strip alternating planting mode, sowing is carried out through cultivation device, and a biodegradable membrane is set between the root zones of corn and soybean to block direct competition between roots, but allow water and small molecule nutrients to penetrate. The surface of the biodegradable membrane is loaded with a slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter. Step 3: Coordinated water and fertilizer management. Apply 900-1000 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer per mu (667 square meters). Apply 17-20 kg of compound fertilizer along the sides of the corn strip. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer to the soybean strip. Apply 5 kg / mu of urea via drip irrigation during the corn jointing stage. Spray molybdenum fertilizer during the initial flowering stage of soybeans. Use a drip irrigation system. Irrigate 30 m³ / mu of water during the corn tasseling stage. 3 / mu, irrigation amount during soybean pod-setting stage: 20m 3 / mu; Step 4: Nitrogen fixation effect regulation. Spray 0.1% glutamic acid solution during the flowering period of soybeans to promote the activity of rhizobia, and spray 0.3% zinc sulfate solution on the leaves during the silking period of corn to enhance photosynthetic efficiency. Step 5: Green prevention and control of diseases and pests. During the co-existing period of corn and soybeans, the application of broad-spectrum insecticides is prohibited. Instead, targeted control is carried out using Bacillus thuringiensis preparations. Step 6: Harvest in stages. Fresh corn is harvested manually during the milk stage, retaining the stalks. Soybeans are harvested mechanically during the full maturity stage, and the straw is crushed and returned to the field.

5. The method for symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1, the concentration of the rhizobium inoculant solution is ≥5×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

6. The method for symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, the corn strip has a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 22-25cm; the soybean strip is located between the two corn strips, with a row spacing of 60cm and a plant spacing of 8-10cm.

7. The method for symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybeans based on nitrogen fixation effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, the biodegradable membrane is 0.05 mm thick and has a degradation cycle of 100-120 days.

8. The method for symbiotic cultivation of sweet corn and soybean based on nitrogen fixation effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, the slow-release nitrogen transfer promoter is L-proline nanospheres.

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