UE indication of estimated MPR with respect to UL beam pairs for STXMP

Abstract

An apparatus may be configured to: receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and sending a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of the presence of a power fallback value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Examples and non - limiting embodiments generally relate to uplink MIMO / beamforming, and more specifically, to simultaneous transmission across multiple panels (STxMP). Background Art

[0002] In cellular communication, it is known that a user equipment provides a power headroom report (PHR). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The following summary of the invention is for illustration only. The summary of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and send a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back - off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0005] According to one aspect, a method includes: receiving, by a user equipment, from a first network node a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and sending a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back - off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0006] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: receiving a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and sending a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back - off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0007] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing a user equipment to receive a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and causing a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0008] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; send a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the apparatus and the network node; and receive a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0009] According to one aspect, a method includes: sending, by a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; sending a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the network node; and receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0010] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: sending a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; sending a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the apparatus and the network node; and receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0011] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for at least performing the following: causing a first network node to send a first indication to a user equipment for activating a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing to send a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing to receive a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0012] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: send an indication to a user equipment for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receive a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0013] According to one aspect, a method includes: causing a first network node to send an indication to a user equipment for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0014] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: sending an indication to a user equipment for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0015] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing a first network node to send an indication to a user equipment for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; and causing to receive a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0016] According to some aspects, the subject matter of the independent claims is provided. Some additional aspects are defined in the dependent claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above aspects and other features are explained in the following description, in the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1is a block diagram of one possible and non - limiting example system in which the example embodiments may be practiced;

[0019] Figure 2 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0020] Figure 3 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0021] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0022] Figure 5 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0023] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the steps as described herein;

[0024] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0025] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0026] Figure 9 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0027] Figure 10 is a diagram showing the features as described herein;

[0028] Figure 11 is a flowchart showing the steps as described herein;

[0029] Figure 12 is a flowchart showing the steps as described herein; and

[0030] Figure 13 is a flowchart showing the steps as described herein. Detailed Description

[0031] The following abbreviations that may appear in the specification and / or drawings are defined as follows:

[0032] 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

[0033] 5G Fifth Generation

[0034] 5GC 5G Core Network

[0035] AMF Access and Mobility Management Function

[0036] CE Control Element

[0037] CPE Customer Premises Equipment

[0038] CRI CSI-RS Resource Indicator

[0039] CSI Channel State Information

[0040] cRAN Cloud Radio Access Network

[0041] CRI Corresponding Resource Indicator

[0042] CU Central Unit

[0043] DCI Downlink Control Information

[0044] DL Downlink

[0045] DU Distributed Unit

[0046] EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power

[0047] eNB (or eNodeB) Evolved Node B (e.g., LTE base station)

[0048] EN-DC E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity

[0049] en-gNB or En-gNB Node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and acts as the secondary node in EN-DC

[0050] E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access, i.e., LTE radio access technology

[0051] FWA Fixed Wireless Access

[0052] gNB (or gNodeB) 5G / NR base station, i.e., a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC via the NG interface

[0053] I / F Interface

[0054] L1 Layer 1

[0055] LTE Long Term Evolution

[0056] MAC Media Access Control

[0057] mDCI Multi-Downlink Control Information

[0058] MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output

[0059] MME Mobility Management Entity

[0060] MPE Maximum Permitted Exposure

[0061] MPR Maximum Power Reduction

[0062] mTRP Multi-Transmission and Reception Point

[0063] ng or NG New Generation

[0064] ng-eNB or NG-eNB New Generation eNB

[0065] NR New Radio

[0066] N / W or NW Network

[0067] O-RAN Open Radio Access Network

[0068] PA Power Amplifier

[0069] PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol

[0070] PH Power Headroom

[0071] PHR Power Headroom Report

[0072] PHY Physical Layer

[0073] P-MPR Power Management Maximum Power Reduction

[0074] PRB Physical Resource Block

[0075] PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel

[0076] RAN Radio Access Network

[0077] RB Resource Block

[0078] RF Radio Frequency

[0079] RLC Radio Link Control

[0080] RRC Radio Resource Control

[0081] RRH Remote Radio Head

[0082] RS Reference Signal

[0083] RSRP Reference Signal Received Power

[0084] RU Radio Unit

[0085] Rx Receiver

[0086] SCH Shared Channel

[0087] SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol

[0088] sDCI Single Downlink Control Information

[0089] SGW Serving Gateway

[0090] SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio

[0091] SMF Session Management Function

[0092] SSB Synchronization Signal Block

[0093] SSBRI Synchronization Signal Block Resource Indicator

[0094] STxMP Simultaneous Transmission across Multiple Panels

[0095] TCI Transmission Configuration Indicator

[0096] TRP Total Radiated Power

[0097] TRP Transmit and Receive Point

[0098] Tx Transmitter

[0099] UE User Equipment (e.g., wireless, typically mobile device)

[0100] UL Uplink

[0101] UPF User Plane Function

[0102] VNR Virtualized Network Function

[0103] Go to Figure 1 , which shows a block diagram of one possible and non - limiting example in which the example may be practiced. A user equipment (UE) 110, a radio access network (RAN) node 170, and (multiple) network elements 190 are shown. In Figure 1In the example, user equipment (UE) 110 wirelessly communicates with a wireless network 100. The UE is a wireless device that can access the wireless network 100. The UE 110 includes one or more processors 120, one or more memories 125, and one or more transceivers 130 interconnected by one or more buses 127. Each of the one or more transceivers 130 includes a receiver Rx 132 and a transmitter Tx 133. The one or more buses 127 can be address, data, or control buses and can include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fibers, or other optical communication devices. "Circuitry" can include dedicated hardware or hardware associated with software executable thereon. The one or more transceivers 130 are connected to one or more antennas 128. The one or more memories 125 include computer program code 123. The UE 110 includes a module 140, which includes one or both of parts 140-1 and / or 140-2 and can be implemented in a variety of ways. The module 140 can be implemented in hardware as the module 140-1, such as being part of one or more processors 120. The module 140-1 can also be implemented as an integrated circuit or through other hardware (such as a programmable gate array). In another example, the module 140 can be implemented as the module 140-2, which is implemented as computer program code 123 and executed by one or more processors 120. For example, the one or more memories 125 and the computer program code 123 can be configured to, together with the one or more processors 120, cause the user equipment 110 to perform one or more operations described herein. The UE 110 communicates with a RAN node 170 via a wireless link 111.

[0104] The RAN node 170 in this example is a base station that provides access to the wireless network 100 by wireless devices such as UE 110. The RAN node 170 can be, for example, a base station for 5G (also known as New Radio (NR)). In 5G, the RAN node 170 can be an NG-RAN node, which is defined as a gNB or an ng-eNB. A gNB is a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC (such as, for example, (one or more) network elements 190) via the NG interface. An ng-eNB is a node that provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC via the NG interface. The NG-RAN node can include multiple gNBs, which can also include a Central Unit (CU) (gNB-CU) 196 and (one or more) Distributed Units (DU) (gNB-DU), where the DU 195 is shown. Note that the DU can include or be coupled to and control a Radio Unit (RU). The gNB-CU is a logical node that hosts the RRC, SDAP, and PDCP protocols of the gNB or the RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB, and controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-DU. The F1 interface is shown as reference 198, although reference 198 also shows the link between the remote element of the RAN node 170 and the centralized element of the RAN node 170, such as the link between the gNB-CU 196 and the gNB-DU 195. The gNB-DU is a logical node that hosts the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partially controlled by the gNB-CU. One gNB-CU supports one or more cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU. The gNB-DU terminates the F1 interface 198 connected to the gNB-CU. Note that the DU 195 is considered to include the transceiver 160, for example, as part of the RU, but some examples of this case can have the transceiver 160 as part of a separate RU, for example, under the control of the DU 195 and connected to the DU 195. The RAN node 170 can also be an eNB (Evolved NodeB) base station for LTE (Long Term Evolution), or any other suitable base station, access point, access node, or node.

[0105] The RAN node 170 includes one or more processors 152, one or more memories 155, one or more network interfaces (N / W I / F) 161, and one or more transceivers 160 interconnected by one or more buses 157. Each of the one or more transceivers 160 includes a receiver Rx 162 and a transmitter Tx 163. The one or more transceivers 160 are connected to one or more antennas 158. The one or more memories 155 include computer program code 153. The CU 196 may include the (multiple) processors 152, the memory 155, and the network interface 161. Note that the DU 195 may also contain its own one or more memories and (multiple) processors and / or other hardware, but these are not shown.

[0106] The RAN node 170 includes a module 150, and the module 150 includes one or both of parts 150-1 and / or 150-2. The module 150 can be implemented in a variety of ways. The module 150 can be implemented in hardware as the module 150-1, such as being implemented as part of one or more processors 152. The module 150-1 can also be implemented as an integrated circuit or through other hardware (such as a programmable gate array). In another example, the module 150 can be implemented as the module 150-2, and the module 150-2 is implemented as computer program code 153 and executed by one or more processors 152. For example, the one or more memories 155 and the computer program code 153 are configured to cause the RAN node 170 to perform one or more operations as described herein together with one or more processors 152. Note that the functions of the module 150 can be distributed, such as being distributed between the DU 195 and the CU 196, or implemented only in the DU 195.

[0107] One or more network interfaces 161 communicate via a network, such as via links 176 and 131. Two or more gNBs 170 can communicate using, for example, the link 176. The link 176 can be wired or wireless or both, and can implement, for example, the Xn interface for 5G, the X2 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards.

[0108] One or more buses 157 can be address, data, or control buses and can include any interconnection mechanism such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber optic or other optical communication devices, wireless channels, etc. For example, one or more transceivers 160 can be implemented as a remote radio head (RRH) 195 for LTE or a distributed unit (DU) 195 for a gNB implementation for 5G, where other elements of the RAN node 170 may be physically located at a different location from the RRH / DU, and one or more buses 157 can be partially implemented as, for example, a fiber optic cable or other suitable network connection to connect other elements of the RAN node 170 (e.g., a central unit (CU), gNB-CU) to the RRH / DU 195. Reference 198 also indicates those suitable (multiple) network links.

[0109] It should be noted that the description herein indicates that a "cell" performs functions, but it should be clear that the devices forming the cell will perform these functions. A cell forms part of a base station. That is, each base station can have multiple cells. For example, for a single carrier frequency and associated bandwidth, there can be three cells, each covering one-third of a 360-degree area, such that the coverage area of a single base station covers an approximately elliptical or circular shape. Additionally, each cell can correspond to a single carrier, and a base station can use multiple carriers. Thus, if there are three 120-degree cells per carrier and there are two carriers, the base station has a total of six cells.

[0110] The wireless network 100 may include one or more network elements 190, which may include core network functions and which provide connectivity to other networks (such as a telephone network and / or a data communication network (e.g., the Internet)) via one or more links 181. Such core network functions for 5G may include one or more Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMFs) and / or User Plane Functions (UPFs) and / or one or more Session Management Functions (SMFs). Such core network functions for LTE may include MME (Mobility Management Entity) / SGW (Serving Gateway) functions. These are merely illustrative functions that may be supported by the one or more network elements 190, and note that both 5G and LTE functions may be supported. The RAN node 170 is coupled to the network element 190 via the link 131. The link 131 may be implemented as, for example, an NG interface for 5G, or an S1 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards. The network element 190 includes one or more processors 175, one or more memories 171, and one or more network interfaces (N / W I / Fs) 180, which are interconnected by one or more buses 185. The one or more memories 171 include computer program code 173. The one or more memories 171 and the computer program code 173 are configured to cause the network element 190 to perform one or more operations, together with the one or more processors 175.

[0111] The wireless network 100 may implement network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources with network functions into a single software-based management entity (virtual network). Network virtualization involves platform virtualization, typically combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is classified into external virtualization and internal virtualization. External virtualization combines many networks or parts of networks into virtual units, and internal virtualization provides network-like functions for software containers on a single system. For example, the network may be deployed in a telecom cloud, and virtualized network functions (VNFs) run on, for example, data center servers. For example, network core functions and / or one or more radio access networks (such as CloudRAN, O-RAN, edge cloud) may be virtualized. Note that the virtualized entities resulting from network virtualization still use hardware (such as processors 152 or 175 and memories 155 and 171) to some extent for implementation, and such virtualized entities also produce technical effects.

[0112] It may also be noted that the operations of the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed by multiple cooperating devices (such as cRAN).

[0113] The computer-readable memories 125, 155, and 171 can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and can be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. The computer-readable memories 125, 155, and 171 can be components for performing storage functions. The processors 120, 152, and 175 can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and, by way of non-limiting example, can include one or more of the following: general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), and processors based on multi-core processor architectures. The processors 120, 152, and 175 can be components for performing functions such as controlling the UE 110, the RAN node 170, and other functions as described herein.

[0114] Generally, various embodiments of the user equipment 110 can include, but are not limited to, cellular phones such as smart phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs) with wireless communication capabilities, portable computers with wireless communication capabilities, image capture devices (such as digital cameras) with wireless communication capabilities, game devices with wireless communication capabilities, music storage and playback devices with wireless communication capabilities, Internet devices that allow wireless Internet access and browsing, tablet computers with wireless communication capabilities, and portable units or terminals that combine combinations of these functions.

[0115] A suitable but non-limiting technical context for the practice of example embodiments of the present disclosure is hereby introduced, and the example embodiments will now be described more specifically.

[0116] The features described herein generally relate to simultaneous transmission across multiple panels (STxMP). In RAN#98e, the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) evolution work item RP-223276 for downlink and uplink has been approved. One of its objectives is the study and specification of STxMP for multi-transmission and reception point (multi-TRP) operation.

[0117] In the RAN4 radio frequency (RF) group, the discussion focused on the uplink (UL) power requirements for simultaneous transmission by multiple UE panels. When two panels transmit at the maximum power amplifier (PA) power and two directional TX beams are directed in the same direction and constructively added, the maximum peak equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the UE is achieved, as Figure 2 shown. In Figure 2In the example, the beams 220, 230 from the two panels 210, 220 of the UE are directed in the same general direction. When the two panels are pointed in the same direction, the maximum radiated power can be achieved. The panels can also be understood as antenna panels and are referred to as antenna panels.

[0118] Since the maximum peak EIRP is a regulatory requirement, the UE must apply power back-off autonomously to ensure that it does not violate the radiated power requirement.

[0119] RAN1 WID (Work Item Description) is for Fixed Wireless Access (FWA), Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), in-vehicle equipment, and / or industrial equipment; these can be considered as devices of power classes 1 and 2, although this is not mandatory (i.e., other power classes are possible). The maximum output power limits for power classes 1 and 2 are specified in 3GPP TS38.101-2, and the table covering the UL MIMO case is reproduced below for reference.

[0120] Now referring to Table 1, Table 6.2D.1.1-3 is shown: UE maximum output power limits for UL MIMO used for power class 1:

[0121] Operating frequency band Maximum TRP (dBm) Maximum EIRP (dBm) n257 35 55 n258 35 55 n260 35 55 n261 35 55 n262 35 55

[0122] Table 1

[0123] Now referring to Table 2, Table 6.2D.1.2-2 is shown: UE maximum output power limits for UL MIMO used for power class 2:

[0124] Operating frequency band Maximum TRP (dBm) Maximum EIRP (dBm) n257 23 43 n258 23 43 n261 23 43 n262 23 43

[0125] Table 2

[0126] Table 1 and Table 2 show that during UL MIMO with multiple active panels, the maximum power limit per UE panel is the same as when operating with a single active panel. That is, each UE panel (operating alone) must have a total radiated power (TRP) value below 35 dBm, and a UE with simultaneously transmitting panels must also have a TRP value below 35 dBm. For example, for 4-layer UL MIMO, each panel can transmit at 29 dBm (i.e., 35 dBm of available power divided by 2 panels, divided by 2 polarizations). Thus, it is clear that the output power limit is defined per UE, not per UE panel.

[0127] In Figure 2In [document], two antenna panels 210 and 230 are installed on the same side of the FWA device. If both panels transmit at maximum power, there is a risk of exceeding the UE power limit. Additionally, even in other implementations, the combined radiated power may exceed the maximum EIRP. For example, this may be in the overlapping area of use cases, such as Figure 3 as shown in

[0128] Now referring to Figure 3 , an example of a UE architecture is shown. This UE architecture creates an area of overlap, and if the UE does not use power backoff, the total radiated power may exceed the specified limit. FWA 310 includes two panels on the same side, which may cause an overlapping area 320. FWA 330 includes panels on different sides, which may still cause an overlapping area 340. The Power Management Maximum Power Reduction (P-MPR) framework allows the UE to reduce the maximum transmit power defined in TS38.101-2 on each of the transmitters, thus meeting the regulatory requirements for the maximum EIRP. P-MPR f,c is the Power Management Maximum Output Power Reduction. The UE should only apply P-MPR to the carrier f of serving cell c f,c .

[0129] The determined overlap may include the overlap between the active UE panels. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap may include the overlap between the angles of arrival. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap may include the overlap between the angles of departure. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap may include the UE Tx beam radiation pattern (beamwidth). Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap may include the UE Tx beam steering angle. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap may include the UE Tx antenna gain.

[0130] The features described herein may generally relate to the Power Headroom Report (PHR). The PHR is a MAC control element (CE) message as defined in 3GPP TS 38.321 and is used to report the power headroom (PH). The PH is defined as the difference between the nominal maximum output power and the estimated output power used for UL-SCH transmission: PH = UE maximum transmit power - PUSCH power = Pmax - P_pusch.

[0131] Now referring to Figure 4 , an example of the PHR as specified in TS38.321 is shown. The network uses the PH to evaluate how much uplink resource it can schedule to the UE without exceeding its maximum power. P CMAX is defined in TS 38.101-2 as the configured UE maximum transmit power.

[0132] The 3GPP RAN4 Way Forward after the February meeting (R4-2303495) led to the following:

[0133] “……from the UE RF agenda proposed at the next meeting, RAN4#106-bis-e

[0134] 3. Overall and Work Plan

[0135] 4. UE RF on Simultaneous Transmission using Multiple Panels (STxMP)

[0136] 2.1 Per-panel power limit

[0137] 2.2 Per-UE power limit

[0138] <Agreed>: FR2 power class applicability

[0139] Only consider PC1 / PC2 / PC4 / PC5 / [PC6].

[0140] <Agreed>

[0141] If needed, while defining new requirements for STxMP scenarios, the currently defined power classes should be further considered as a reference for any power limit discussions.

[0142] <Way forward>: Power configured "per TCI state" for "per panel" power limit

[0143] - Companies are encouraged to provide their views on "per TCI state" power limits, or other solutions supporting "per panel" power control based on practical implementation considerations.

[0144] <Way forward>: Method to specify "per UE" power limit

[0145] - Companies are encouraged to provide their views on "per UE" power limits for STxMP, with the following options

[0146] - Option 1: Reuse traditional requirements for STxMP

[0147] - Option 2: Define new requirements as the "total power concept" for STxMP..."

[0148] The features described herein may involve simultaneous transmission on multiple beams. When transmitting simultaneously on multiple beams and the beams overlap (see Figure 5In the use case example shown, there is a risk of beam overlap from each panel, so the UE peak EIRP for certain directions exceeds the maximum allowable EIRP. Therefore, the UE must reduce its output power to comply with regulatory requirements, namely the maximum total radiated power (TRP) and the maximum peak EIRP.

[0149] Since the network does not know the UE radiation pattern and panel location, it cannot evaluate whether the UL beam pairs overlap and whether the UE needs to perform P-MPR for a given beam combination.

[0150] P-MPR is autonomously applied by the UE, and the gNB does not know the actual P-MPR value used by the UE, nor when it is used. P-MPR shrinks the P value in the PHR report (which reduces PH), but the network does not know whether P CMAX is reduced due to P-MPR, or due to other factors, or due to their combination. CMAX Beams are identified by transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The gNB may add or change the (multiple) active TCI states / beams of the UE depending on radio conditions, mobility, etc. Now referring to

[0151] , an example of a use case is shown where the network can consider P-MPR and prioritize alternative TCI states because it does not cause P-MPR. Assume the maximum EIRP is exceeded. The UE (505) can direct the beam in the direction where there is a reflector (515), for example to avoid an obstacle (520), and reach TRP B (530). At 510, if TCI state Y is configured on TRP B, the beam can be a beam without MPR. At 525, TCI state Y can be active on TRP B. Figure 5 The UE (505) can direct the beam in the direction where there is a reflector (540), for example to avoid an obstacle (520), and reach TRP B (530). At 545, TCI state X can be active on TRP B.

[0152] The UE (505) can direct the beam in the direction of TRP A (555). At 550, the current TCI state can be on TRP A. At 535, if TCI state X is configured on TRP B, there may be overlapping beams to TRP A and TRP B. TRP A and TRP B can belong to the same cell or different cells. If TRP A and TRP B belong to different cells, these different cells may be in the same gNB or in different gNBs.

[0153]

[0154] ​In one example, assume that the L1-RSRP measurement report has indicated the following RSRP values:

[0155] a) For TCI state X, L1-RSRP = -80 dBm;

[0156] b) For TCI state Y, L1-RSRP = -81 dBm.

[0157] Additionally, assume that the UE is switched from operating in 1 UL TCI state to operating in 2 UL TCI states simultaneously (i.e., STxMP operation, (e.g., from requesting scheduling of additional uplink data)), and the UE is transmitting at maximum power (e.g., maximum bandwidth allocation). Thus, the uplink resource allocation for the UE is power-limited (due to the maximum PRB allocation and link budget), and the following P-MPR values will apply (due to maximum power transmission) to each of the above candidate links:

[0158] c) P-MPR for TCI state X = 3 dB, and P-MPR for the current TCI state = 3 dB;

[0159] d) P-MPR for TCI state Y = 0 dB, and P-MPR for the current TCI state = 3 dB.

[0160] In this case, even though the L1-RSRP level suggests a better link budget for TCI state X (the report in (a)), the gNB will choose TCI state X to add to the current TCI state for STxMP operation. However, this beam selection will result in suboptimal UL performance. Instead, choosing TCI state Y would be more beneficial because this would avoid the 3 dB P-MPR (only known at the UE from (d)), and thus the PH would increase by 2 dB overall. In summary, the network does not know in advance the impact of P-MPR, and thus may suboptimally select TCI state X.

[0161] In the present disclosure, PRB and resource block (RB) may be used interchangeably; although examples may refer to only one of them, the other may be appropriately substituted.

[0162] P-MPR may be applied by the UE during TCI addition / change because the added / changed TCI state / beam may overlap with another active TCI state / beam of the UE, resulting in suboptimal beam selection and suboptimal UE transmit power. In an example embodiment, the network may be notified of the potential P-MPR before the network selects the beam pair for simultaneous TX (i.e., STxMP). The technical effect of the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be to fully utilize the potential of UL MIMO.

[0163] The beam pair updates under consideration may be provided due to / in response to various reasons. For example, the updates may be provided due to the addition of a second TRP, due to a change in channel conditions, due to UE movement / rotation, etc.

[0164] In an example embodiment, the network may be notified by the UE of the P-MPR (up to 3 dB) applied due to STxMP (i.e., passively), or if a TCI switch is performed, the P-MPR (up to 3 dB) to be applied due to STxMP (i.e., actively). Based on this information, the network may evaluate the selection of (multiple) TCI states for the UE in the UL and optimize the UL performance by considering the potential P-MPR caused by STxMP. In other words, a more accurate UL estimate may be provided by the UE to the network by notifying the network of the need for P-MPR, which may optimize the gNB UL beam selection.

[0165] In an example embodiment, the UE report may be added, for example, by actively indicating a reduction in P-MPR caused by a potential switch to a different UL TCI state combination for simultaneous UL transmission to notify the network of the P-MPR caused by STxMP on the selected beam pair.

[0166] In an example embodiment, the UE report may be added, for example, by passively indicating the actual P-MPR of the actual TX beam combination for simultaneous UL transmission to notify the network of the P-MPR caused by STxMP on the selected beam pair.

[0167] In an example embodiment, the network may consider alternative beam combinations while considering the required P-MPR. The technical effect of the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be to enable the network to select beam combinations with similar path losses but less P-MPR (e.g., because the beams do not overlap).

[0168] In one example embodiment, if the UE has sufficient margin for P max For example, if the reported PH is much higher than PH = 0, the network may still schedule the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) on a pair of beams that may cause P-MPR.

[0169] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR can be reported by the UE to the network in an active manner (e.g., active P-MPR reporting), and the gNB can accordingly reselect beam pairs and avoid switching to non-preferred UL beam pairs. In an example embodiment, the UE (i.e., the UE configured as STxMP) can report the (multiple) TCI states belonging to TRP B to TRP A. For example, the UE can report the potential P-MPR resulting from the combination of the active UL TCI states of TRP B (i.e., the UL TCI states embedded in the activation code points, e.g., 4 UL TCI states) and the currently indicated UL TCI state on TRP A. In an example embodiment, there can be a report per indicated TCI. Alternatively, a combined report can be used for all indicated TCI states.

[0170] In an alternative example embodiment, the UE can report all combinations of the active UL TCI states for each TRP. This may require the PHR report to be significantly extended.

[0171] Additional fields can be used to associate the P-MPR value with a resource indicator (see, for example, Figure 10 ). In an example embodiment, the existing single-TRP PHR can be used for active P-MPR reporting. In an alternative example embodiment, the multi-TRP PHR can be updated by adding beam information for the alternative TCI states for active P-MPR reporting, e.g., as has been done for the single-TRP PHR. In an alternative example embodiment, the L1-RSRP report can be updated to include the P-MPR for potential TCI state switches for active P-MPR reporting.

[0172] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR can be reported by the UE to the network in a passive manner (e.g., passive P-MPR reporting). The technical effect of this example embodiment can be to minimize the UE's reporting of the selected beam pair, and / or enable the gNB to switch the UL beam to a better pair again. This example embodiment implies multiple TCI state switches, which may have the technical effect of slowing down network operation (e.g., due to TCI switching delay requirements). This example embodiment can be considered to provide a simpler specification and UE process implementation. This example embodiment may require the UE to notify the network of the actually applied P-MPR.

[0173] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR can be reported passively using the existing multi-TRP PHR solution (i.e., without adding information, e.g., see Figures 8 to 9 ). In an alternative example embodiment, the L1-RSRP report can be updated to include the P-MPR for the current beam combination for passive P-MPR reporting.

[0174] Now referring to Figure 6 , a message sequence diagram for the proactive exchange of P-MPR information from a UE to a TRP is shown. Two alternative methods (PHR and L1-RSRP reporting) are accordingly shown as alternatives 1 (635) and 2 (650). Either single downlink control information (sDCI) operation or multi-downlink control information (mDCI) operation can be used with respect to Figure 6 .

[0175] At 605, TRP A may perform RRC connection establishment between TRP A and the UE. At 610, TRP A may send a unified TCI state activation / deactivation to the UE. At 615, TRP A may send an RRC reconfiguration to add TRP B to the UE. This may include (multiple) P-MPR thresholds for reporting candidate beams for STxMP. In an example embodiment, signaling of the P-MPR threshold at 615 (RRC reconfiguration) may support both proactive P-MPR reporting and passive P-MPR reporting. This may allow the network to configure thresholds for the P-MPR range, which may be reported by P-MPR bits. The RRC reconfiguration may be optional.

[0176] At 620, TRP B may send a unified TCI state activation / deactivation to the UE. At 625, at the UE, the MAC CE "unified TCI state activation / deactivation" may contain a set of activated code points (up to 8 code points). At 630, the UE may extract the uplink / joint TCI state from the list of code points. The corresponding UL beam for each TCI state may be determined from measurements of the reference signal specified in the QCL information (included in the TCI state information).

[0177] In one example embodiment, the activated code points may be configured via the "unified TCI state activation / deactivation" MAC CE message (620), and the UE may report the PH (640, 645) or L1 RSRP (655, 660) for the four best TCI states.

[0178] In a non-limiting example, the report may include: P-MPR1 for a pair of the best TCI of TRP1 and TCI X of TRP B; P-MPR2 for a pair of the second best TCI of TRP1 and TCI X of TRP B; P-MPR3 for a pair of the third best TCI of TRP1 and TCI X of TRP B; and so on.

[0179] In alternative 1 (635), using the PHR for MAC CE, at 640, the UE may send a PHR report to TRP A in the MAC CE, and the PHR report may include the P-MPR indication for the four best beams for TRP A. At 645, the UE may send a PHR report to TRP B in the MAC CE, and the PHR report may include the P-MPR indication for the four best beams for TRP B.

[0180] In alternative 2 (650), using the L1-RSRP in UCI, at 655, the UE may send the L1-RSRP to TRP A in the channel state information (CSI) report, and the L1-RSRP may include the P-MPR indication for the 4 best beams for TRP A. At 660, the UE may send the L1-RSRP to TRP B in the CSI report, and the L1-RSRP may include the P-MPR indication for the 4 best beams for TRP B.

[0181] It can be noted that L1 beam management typically reports the four best beams. The four best beams (or TCI states) indicated to TRP A (e.g., at 640 or 655) and TRP B (e.g., at 645 or 660) may be independent of each other. In an example embodiment, the PH and P-MPR reported in the dual PHR report may be different between different TRPs. Assuming that the TCI state on another TRP remains unchanged, the reports to each TRP may be made. If the network needs to change the TCI states on two TRPs, it may be assumed that it occurs in sequence (e.g., using a message in addition to 680).

[0182] In an example embodiment, the L1 report including the STxMP P-MPR may be a trigger for the network to configure the UE using a single PHR report mode or using a two-PHR report mode. TwoPHRmode is defined in TS 38.213 as follows: If the UE is provided with twoPHRMode on the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and is provided with two SRS resource sets in srs-ResourceSetToAddModList or srs-ResourceSetToAddModListDCI-0-2, with the usage set to "codebook" or "nonCodebook", the UE may provide two type 1 power headroom reports in time slot n. TS38.331 also defines that twoPHRmode is used for the UE to send the PHR as 2PHR in the sDCI operation in mTRP.

[0183] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR can be reported together with the L1 RSRP / PHR. The network can then use this information to set a new indicated TCI state (680).

[0184] In one example embodiment, if at least one pair of active TCI states is to be indicated by the TRP via a single DCI, the UE can report to the TRP the P-MPR that will be applied, where the report is before the indication. In an alternative example embodiment, the UE can report to the TRP the P-MPR that has been applied for the indicated pair of active TCI states.

[0185] At 665, the received P-MPR indication can be shared between TRPs using the backhaul link. The combined information can be used to select alternative beams that are not (or less) affected by the P-MPR. At 670, the information can be exchanged between TRP A and TRP B via the backhaul. At 675, TRP A can decide to switch the beam for the UE, taking into account the P-MPR information. For example, compared to other (multiple) pairs of active TCI states, a certain pair of TCI states may cause a lower P-MPR or a higher UE power.

[0186] At 680, TRP A can send DCI 1_1 to the UE, which can set the new TCI state(s). A pair of active TCI states can be indicated to the UE in a single DCI (i.e., sDCI). Alternatively, in the case of mDCI mTRP operation, each of the TRPs can send its own DCI, and each DCI can indicate only one TCI state.

[0187] With the Rel-18 definition (agreed upon in RAN1), both TRP A and TRP B can interchangeably activate the TCI state of TRP A or TRP B. For example, in the case of sDCI operation (at 620), TRP B can send the TCI state activation. For example, TRP A can send the activation of the TCI state of TRP B.

[0188] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR indication can be sent periodically (e.g., if included in the PHR report) or triggered by a specific condition (e.g., if included in the L1-RSRP report). Such trigger conditions can be event-driven (e.g., TCI handover or TCI addition or L1-RSRP / L1-SINR change exceeding a threshold).

[0189] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR may always be reported for STxMP operation. Additionally or alternatively, when the UL TCI state on TRP B is changed / added (and vice versa), the P-MPR may be reported to TRP A. For example, the change in the TCI state may be indicated by the received DCI. For example, the change in the TCI state may be indicated by the received MAC CE. Additionally or alternatively, the P-MPR may be reported only when the PH of the current link is below a threshold (e.g., PH MPR_reporting ). These reporting conditions may also be combined; for example, there may be multiple conditions that must be met in order to trigger the P-MPR reporting condition.

[0190] In an example embodiment, if there is no TCI handover / addition, the network may also consider disabling the timer to minimize reporting.

[0191] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR bits may be mapped to the P-MPR range for PHR reporting, which may be directly specified or configured in the RRC reconfiguration (as shown in 615 in the message passing sequence diagram Figure 5 ).

[0192] In an example embodiment, the L1-RSRP report (e.g., 650) may be embedded in the CSI report (as defined in 3GPP TS38.212). Existing CSI reports may not save the P-MPR value; Tables 3 and 4 include the MPR fields required to add to the CSI report. Table 4 includes two P-MPR values for each resource group, where each P-MPR value within the group may be mapped to a beam that can be used simultaneously (e.g., because they are mapped to different UE panels).

[0193] Table 3 describes the mapping order of the P-MPR fields of a CSI report (non-group-based):

[0194]

[0195] Table 3

[0196] It should be noted that in Table 3, the four best beams for L1 beam management may be described, as well as the P-MPR fields, where for example, P-MPR#1 has a value of xyz and will be applied by the UE in the case of STxMP for transmission on CRI#1. P-MPR#2 has a value of kmn and will be applied to CRI#2, etc.

[0197] Table 4 describes the mapping order of the P-MPR fields of a CSI report (group-based):

[0198]

[0199] Table 4

[0200] In another example embodiment, the network may configure the UE such that the UE reports only UL pairs in the CSI field that will not cause P-MPR.

[0201] In another example embodiment, the network may configure the UE to mark the UL beam pairs in the CSI field that will not cause P-MPR. Alternatively, the network may configure the UE to mark the UL beam pairs that will not cause P-MPR.

[0202] In an example embodiment, for P-MPR reporting, the “MPE or R” bit may be shared between the maximum permitted exposure (MPE) and STxMP. The MPE / R bit may be used to indicate P-MPR caused by STxMP, but only when the UE has reported STxMP capability to the network and the P bit = 0 (i.e., there is no P-MPR caused by MPE). The case where P-MPR is required due to both MPE and STxMP is considered to be rare because the device types considered for STxMP are not handheld devices (i.e., power class 3). However, in the case where the UE needs to apply P-MPR due to both MPE and STxMP, the UE may report the entire range of P-MPR.

[0203] In an example embodiment, a single PHR report may be sent, for example, in the TwoPHRMode case (i.e., only applicable to s-DCI because in m-DCI, there are 2 PHRs by default). In an example embodiment, the R bit in Octet1 may be interpreted as, for example, “S” (exceeding the maximum peak EIRP due to STxMP) and may be used as:

[0204] 1. If S = 1, there is P-MPR due to STxMP (rather than MPE). This bit may be a presence bit indicating the use (or non-use) of P-MPR, for example, to avoid exceeding regulatory requirements in the UE's radiated power. In the rare case where P-MPR is caused by both MPE and STxMP, the UE may report the overall P-MPR, and the UE may indicate that the reported P-MPR value is due to both MPE and STxMP by setting both the P and “S” bits (the R bit in Octet1) to 1.

[0205] 2. Indicates to read the 2 R bits in Octet2 as the P-MPR value used by the UE because the selected UL beam pair causes an exceedance of the maximum peak EIRP (i.e., in the passive method).

[0206] It should be noted that the P bit and the S bit are mutually exclusive; thus, the 2 R bits in Octet2 can be reused for any of these presence bits. In other words, if there is MPE, STxMP may not transmit at an excessive power, but if there is STxMP, there may still be MPE.

[0207] Furthermore, if the TCI state of the additional report for the P-MPR is also needed (active P-MPR report), the PHR report can similarly use the 2 R bits per TCI state in Octet4 to indicate the P-MPR level due to the STxMP operation on the UE and associate it with the corresponding resources (CRI) in Octets 5-8. The single R bit in each of Octets 5-8 can be used to indicate that the P-MPR value in Octet 4 is due to the STxMP operation (e.g., to ensure that the device does not radiate power exceeding the maximum peak EIRP regulatory limit).

[0208] Now referring to Figure 7 , an example of a PHR report including reserved bits per SSBRI / CRI resource is shown.

[0209] In an example embodiment, the (multiple) multi-TRP PHR can be updated to support active P-MPR reporting. In an example embodiment, the multi-TRP PHR report can be sent (e.g., dual PHR), as Figures 8 - 9 shown. Figure 8 An example of passive P-MPR reporting for multi-TRP MAC CE using an enhanced single-entry PHR is shown. Figure 9 An example of passive P-MPR reporting for multi-TRP MAC CE using an enhanced multi-entry PHR is shown. Since these PHR reports do not have a field for reporting additional TCI states, they cannot be used for active P-MPR reporting without adding additional fields to the message. In an example embodiment, if Figures 8 - 9 any of the formats in

[0210] is used for passive P-MPR reporting, the presence of P-MPR may be conditional, depending on the "P" bit. In an example embodiment, if P = 0, the two "MPE or R" bits can be used for P-MPR. Otherwise, P = 1 may mean that MPE is reported; in this case, P-MPR is not indicated because when MPE is used, MPR is not assumed to be necessary. Figure 8 is limited to a single cell per TRP, but Figure 9Has multiple entries and supports multiple cells per TRP (e.g., for uplink carrier aggregation). By applying a mapping similar to the single-entry example, it may be possible to specify a separate P-MPR value per entry / cell (e.g., PCell, serving cell 1, …, serving cell n).

[0211] In an example embodiment, to support proactive P-MPR reporting using the Figures 8 - 9 dual PHR reporting format in, the format may be extended by fields covering additional TCI states. To be consistent with the single PHR message format, the following fields may be added: MPE 1 or R; MPE 2 or R; MPE 3 or R; MPE 4 or R; Resource 1 ; Resource 2 ; Resource 3 ; Resource 4 ; and so on. These additional fields for proactive P-MPR reporting are shown in Figure 10 . For the multi-entry PHR reporting in Figure 9 , the above fields may need to be added per entry, e.g., below each octet containing the "MPE or R" field.

[0212] In an example embodiment, even if the P-MPRs for MPE and for STxMP reuse the same bits in the case of PHR, their mappings may be different; the P-MPR for MPE is mapped starting from 3 dB, but the P-MPR for STxMP may be at most 3 dB, so different thresholds may be needed. The actual range for the STxMP-related P-MPR can be statically specified in a similar way as for MPE (see TS 38.133, section 10.1.26), but alternatively, when STxMP is supported, the thresholds for each range can be signaled as part of an RRC reconfiguration message. The range may include 3 dB, e.g., in 1 dB steps. Then, the network may indicate P-MPR thresholds P-MPR1, P-MPR2, and P-MPR3, and then the actual P-MPR can be mapped as shown in the example of Table 5. Table 5 describes an example of the mapping of the indicated bit values to P-MPR ranges. The limits of the P-MPR ranges can be explicitly specified or configured by RRC signaling.

[0213] Bit 0 Bit 1 MPR mapping 0 0 <![CDATA[P-MPR is lower than P-MPR 1 > 1 0 <![CDATA[P-MPR 1 < = P-MPR < P-MPR 2 > 0 1 <![CDATA[P-MPR 2 < = P-MPR < P-MPR 3 > 1 1 <![CDATA[P-MPR >= P-MPR 3 >

[0214] Table 5

[0215] The technical effect of the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be to notify the network of the P-MPR generated by a potential TCI handover before the TCI handover is performed. The technical effect of the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be to enable the network to evaluate whether there is a better alternative TCI state that will not exhibit the same P-MPR. It should be noted that the P-MPR is only one of the multiple parameters that the network can use to select the ULTCI state.

[0216] Figure 11 Potential steps of an example method 1100 are shown. The example method 1100 may include: receiving, from a first network node, a first indication for activating a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node, 1110; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node, 1120; and sending a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair, 1130. The example method 1100 may be performed, for example, by a UE. The first network node may include a first transmission and reception point. The second network node may include a second transmission and reception point.

[0217] Figure 12 Potential steps of an example method 1200 are shown. The example method 1200 may include: sending, to a user equipment, a first indication for activating a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with a first network node, 1210; sending, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node, 1220; and receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair, 1230. The example method 1200 may be performed, for example, by a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc. The first network node may be, for example, a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc.

[0218] Figure 13 Potential steps of an example method 1300 are shown. The example method 1300 may include: sending an indication for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with a first network node to a user equipment, 1310; and receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair, 1320. The example method 1300 may be performed, for example, by a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc. The first network node may be, for example, a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc.

[0219] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and send a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0220] The first report may include a plurality of indications of the presence of the power backoff value, wherein a respective indication among the plurality of indications may be associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair accordingly.

[0221] The example apparatus may further be configured to: determine an overlap between a transmission having a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission having a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and determine the power backoff value based at least in part on: the determined overlap, the transmission power configured for each transmission configuration indicator state, the maximum equivalent isotropic radiated power, the power margin, the maximum output power limit, or the maximum total radiated power.

[0222] The example apparatus may further be configured to: send a second report to the second network node, wherein the second report may be at least partially different from the first report.

[0223] The power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value applied to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0224] The first report may include at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0225] The power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0226] At least one of the transmission configuration indicator states in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be active, and the other transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be inactive.

[0227] The first report may include at least one of the following: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, where the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report may include power back-off values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report may include power back-off values for potential transmission configuration indicator state switches.

[0228] The layer one reference signal received power report may be configured to trigger the configuration of the device using at least one of the following: a single power headroom report mode, or a dual power headroom report mode.

[0229] The example device may also be configured to: receive a third indication of an uplink grant associated with a set of additional transmission configuration indicator states from a first network node, the set of additional transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node and a second network node, where the set of additional transmission configuration indicator states may be at least partially different from the above-mentioned pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0230] The third indication may include a single downlink control information message.

[0231] The example device may also be configured to: receive a fourth indication to activate a set of second transmission configuration indicator states associated with a second network node, where the pair of transmission configuration indicator states may at least include a first transmission configuration indicator state from a first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0232] The example device may also be configured to: receive a fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states from a first network node, the third set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node; and receive a sixth indication of an uplink grant associated with a fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states from a second network node, the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the second network node, where the third set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states, and where the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0233] The fifth indication and the sixth indication may each include a downlink control information message, respectively.

[0234] The fourth indication may be received from one of the following: the first network node, or the second network node.

[0235] The example device may also be configured to: receive a seventh indication of a threshold for a power back-off value used for transmitting the first report.

[0236] A threshold for a power back-off value can be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0237] A first report can be sent based on at least one of the following: a change in a configured transmission configuration indicator state, an addition of a transmission configuration indicator state, or a power margin of a current link being below a threshold.

[0238] The example apparatus can also be configured to: send an eighth indication for at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which a power back-off value is not required.

[0239] The example apparatus can also be configured to: send a ninth indication that the presence of a power back-off value is at least partially based on at least one of the following: simultaneous transmission, or maximum allowed opening.

[0240] At least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value can include an indication of a range of the power back-off value.

[0241] The presence of a power back-off value can include a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0242] A first network node can include a first transmission and reception point, where a second network node can include a second transmission and reception point.

[0243] According to one aspect, an example method can be provided, including: receiving, by a user equipment, from a first network node a first indication for activating a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, where the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and sending, to the first network node, a first report, where the first report can include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0244] The first report can include a plurality of indications of the presence of a power back-off value, where respective indications among the plurality of indications can be associated with transmission configuration indicator state pairs accordingly.

[0245] The example method can also include: determining an overlap between a transmission having a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission having a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and determining a power back-off value at least partially based on: the determined overlap, a transmission power configured for each transmission configuration indicator state, a maximum equivalent isotropic radiated power, a power margin, a maximum output power limit, or a maximum total radiated power.

[0246] The example method may further include: sending a second report to a second network node, where the second report may be at least partially different from the first report.

[0247] The power back-off value associated with the transport configuration indicator state pair may include the power back-off value applied to the transport configuration indicator state pair.

[0248] The first report may include at least one of the following: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0249] The power back-off value associated with the transport configuration indicator state pair may include the power back-off value selected for future application to the transport configuration indicator state pair.

[0250] At least one transport configuration indicator state in the transport configuration indicator state pair may be active, and the other transport configuration indicator state in the transport configuration indicator state pair may be inactive.

[0251] The first report may include at least one of the following: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, where the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report may include power back-off values for multiple alternative transport configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report may include power back-off values for potential transport configuration indicator state switches.

[0252] The layer one reference signal received power report may be configured to trigger the configuration of the user equipment using at least one of the following: a single power headroom report mode, or a dual power headroom report mode.

[0253] The example method may further include: receiving a third indication of an uplink grant associated with an additional set of transport configuration indicator states from a first network node, the additional set of transport configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node and the second network node, where the additional set of transport configuration indicator states may be at least partially different from the above-mentioned transport configuration indicator state pair.

[0254] The third indication may include a single downlink control information message.

[0255] The example method may further include: receiving a fourth indication to activate a second set of transport configuration indicator states associated with the second network node, where the transport configuration indicator state pair may at least include a first transport configuration indicator state from the first set of transport configuration indicator states and a second transport configuration indicator state from the second set of transport configuration indicator states.

[0256] The example method may further include: receiving, from a first network node, a fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states, the third set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node; and receiving, from a second network node, a sixth indication of an uplink grant associated with a fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states, the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the second network node, wherein the third set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states, and wherein the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0257] The fifth indication and the sixth indication may correspondingly include downlink control information messages.

[0258] The fourth indication may be received from one of the following: the first network node, or the second network node.

[0259] The example method may further include: receiving a seventh indication of a threshold for a power back-off value for transmitting a first report.

[0260] The threshold for the power back-off value may be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0261] The first report may be sent based on at least one of the following: a change in a configured transmission configuration indicator state, an addition of a transmission configuration indicator state, or a power margin of a current link being below a threshold.

[0262] The example method may further include: sending an eighth indication of at least one pair of transmission configuration indicator states for which a power back-off value is not required.

[0263] The example method may further include: sending a ninth indication that the presence of a power back-off value is at least partially based on at least one of the following: simultaneous transmission, or maximum allowed opening.

[0264] At least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value may include an indication of a range of the power back-off value.

[0265] The presence of a power back-off value may include a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0266] The first network node may include a first transmission and reception point, wherein the second network node may include a second transmission and reception point.

[0267] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: circuitry configured to perform the following: receive a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; circuitry configured to perform the following: receive a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the apparatus may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and circuitry configured to perform the following: send a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0268] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: processing circuitry; a memory circuitry including computer program code, the memory circuitry and the computer program code being configured to, with the processing circuitry, enable the apparatus to: receive a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the apparatus may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and send a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0269] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) only hardware circuit implementations (such as, only an implementation in analog and / or digital circuitry) and (b) a combination of hardware circuits and software, such as, as applicable: (i) a combination of (one or more) analog and / or digital hardware circuits and software / firmware and (ii) any part of (one or more) hardware processors (including (one or more) digital signal processors), software, and (one or more) memories that work together to cause an apparatus (such as, a mobile phone or a server) to perform various functions and (c) (one or more) hardware circuits and / or (one or more) processors, such as (one or more) microprocessors or a part of (one or more) microprocessors, which require software (such as, firmware) to operate, but where the software may not be present when the operation does not require software. This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of the term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term "circuitry" also encompasses an implementation of only hardware circuitry or a processor (or processors) or a part of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, if applicable to a particular claim element, the term "circuitry" also encompasses a baseband integrated circuit or a processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0270] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: receiving a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving a second indication from the first network node to a second network node, wherein the apparatus may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and sending a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0271] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include means for performing any of the foregoing example methods.

[0272] A processor, memory, and / or example algorithms (which may be encoded as instructions, programs, or code) may be provided as example means for providing or causing the execution of operations.

[0273] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon, which when executed by at least one processor cause the at least one processor to: cause a first indication to be received from a first network node using a user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; cause a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and cause a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report can include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0274] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following items: causing a first indication to be received from a first network node using a user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and causing a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report can include at least one indication of the existence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0275] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device may be provided that tangibly embodies machine-executable instructions for performing operations that include: causing a user device to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the user device may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0276] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least perform the following: causing a user device to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the user device may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0277] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least perform: causing a user device to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the user device may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0278] A computer-implemented system includes: means for causing a user device to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; means for causing a second indication of a second network node to be received from the first network node, wherein the user device may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and means for causing a first report to be sent to the first network node, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0279] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; send a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receive a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0280] The first report may include multiple indications of the presence of a power backoff value, wherein a respective indication among the multiple indications may be associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair accordingly.

[0281] The power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value applied to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0282] The first report may include at least one of the following: a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0283] The power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0284] At least one transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be active, and the other transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be inactive.

[0285] The first report may include at least one of the following: a single power margin report, a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power margin report may include power backoff values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report may include power backoff values for potential transmission configuration indicator state switches.

[0286] The example apparatus may also be configured to: in response to the first report including a layer one reference signal received power report, configure the user equipment to have at least one of the following: a single power margin report mode, or a dual power margin report mode.

[0287] The example apparatus may also be configured to determine a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, at least in part based on the first report, where the further set of transmission configuration indicator states may be associated with the apparatus and the network node, where the further set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least in part different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states; and send a third indication of uplink authorization associated with the further set of transmission configuration indicator states to the user equipment.

[0288] The third indication may include a single downlink control information message.

[0289] The example apparatus may also be configured to send a fourth indication to the user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the network node, where the pair of transmission configuration indicator states may at least include a first transmission configuration indicator state from a first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0290] The example apparatus may also be configured to send a fifth indication of uplink authorization associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states to the user equipment, where the third set of transmission configuration indicator states is associated with the apparatus, where the third set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least in part different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0291] The fifth indication may include a downlink control information message.

[0292] The example apparatus may also be configured to send a sixth indication to the user equipment of a threshold for a power backoff value for sending the first report.

[0293] The threshold for the power backoff value may be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0294] The example apparatus may also be configured to receive a seventh indication from the user equipment of at least one pair of transmission configuration indicator states for which power backoff is not required.

[0295] The example apparatus may also be configured to receive an eighth indication from the user equipment indicating that the presence of the power backoff value is at least in part based on at least one of: simultaneous transmission, or maximum allowed opening.

[0296] At least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value may include an indication of a range of the power backoff value.

[0297] The example apparatus may also be configured to send the first report to the network node via a backhaul link.

[0298] The presence of the power backoff value may include a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0299] The apparatus may include a first transmission and reception point, and the network node may include a second transmission and reception point.

[0300] According to one aspect, an example method may be provided, including: sending, by a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment for activating a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; sending a second indication of the network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0301] The first report may include a plurality of indications of the presence of a power backoff value, wherein a respective indication among the plurality of indications may be associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair accordingly.

[0302] The power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value applied to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0303] The first report may include at least one of the following: a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0304] The power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0305] At least one transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be active, and the other transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be inactive.

[0306] The first report may include at least one of the following: a single power margin report, a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power margin report may include power backoff values for a plurality of alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report may include power backoff values for potential transmission configuration indicator state switches.

[0307] The example method may further include: in response to the first report including a layer one reference signal received power report, configuring the user equipment to have at least one of the following: a single power margin report mode, or a dual power margin report mode.

[0308] The example method may further include: determining a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, at least in part based on the first report, where the further set of transmission configuration indicator states may be associated with the first network node and the network node, and where the further set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least in part different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair; and sending a third indication of uplink authorization associated with the further set of transmission configuration indicator states to the user equipment.

[0309] The third indication may include a single downlink control information message.

[0310] The example method may further include: sending a fourth indication to the user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the network node, where the transmission configuration indicator state pair may at least include a first transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0311] The example method may further include: sending a fifth indication of uplink authorization associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states to the user equipment, where the third set of transmission configuration indicator states is associated with the device, and where the third set of transmission configuration indicator states may be at least in part different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0312] The fifth indication may include a downlink control information message.

[0313] The example method may further include: sending a sixth indication to the user equipment of a threshold for a power back-off value for sending the first report.

[0314] The threshold for the power back-off value may be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0315] The example method may further include: receiving from the user equipment a seventh indication of at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which power back-off is not needed.

[0316] The example method may further include: receiving from the user equipment an eighth indication that the existence of the power back-off value is at least in part based on at least one of: simultaneous transmission, or maximum allowed open.

[0317] At least one indication of the existence of the power back-off value may include an indication of a range of the power back-off value.

[0318] The example method may further include: sending the first report to the network node via a backhaul link.

[0319] The existence of the power back-off value may include a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0320] The first network node may comprise a first transmission and reception point, wherein the network node may comprise a second transmission and reception point.

[0321] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a circuit system configured to perform the following items: sending a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; a circuit system configured to perform the following items: sending a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the apparatus and the network node; and a circuit system configured to perform the following items: receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the existence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0322] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuit system; a memory circuit system including a computer program code, the memory circuit system and the computer program code being configured to, together with the processing circuit system, enable the apparatus to: send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; send a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the apparatus and the network node; and receive a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0323] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: sending a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; sending a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmission with the apparatus and the network node; and receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0324] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include means for performing any of the foregoing example methods.

[0325] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed in conjunction with at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause a first network node to send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; cause a second indication of the network node to be sent to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and receive a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0326] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for at least performing the following: causing a first network node to send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of the network node to be sent to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing a first report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0327] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device may be provided, tangibly embodying machine-executable instructions to perform operations that include: causing a first network node to send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of the network node to be sent to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing a first report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0328] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform at least the following: causing a first network node to send a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of the network node to be sent to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing a first report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0329] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least perform: causing a first indication to be sent to a user equipment using a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing a second indication of a network node to be sent to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing a first report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0330] A computer-implemented system includes: means for causing a first indication to be sent to a user equipment using a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; means for causing a second indication of a network node to be sent to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment may be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and means for causing a first report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the first report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0331] According to an example embodiment, a device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least: send an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the device; and receive a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0332] The second report may include multiple indications of the presence of a power backoff value, wherein respective indications among the multiple indications may be associated with transmission configuration indicator state pairs accordingly.

[0333] The power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value applied to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0334] The second report may include at least one of the following: a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0335] The power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power backoff value selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0336] At least one of the transport configuration indicator states in a transport configuration indicator state pair can be active, and the other transport configuration indicator state in the transport configuration indicator state pair can be inactive.

[0337] The second report can include at least one of the following: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, where the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can include power back-off values for multiple alternative transport configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report can include power back-off values for potential transport configuration indicator state switches.

[0338] The example apparatus can also be configured to: in response to a first report including a layer one reference signal received power report, configure the user equipment to have at least one of the following: a single power headroom report mode, or a dual power headroom report mode.

[0339] The example apparatus can also be configured to: receive from the user equipment an indication of at least one transport configuration indicator state pair for which a power back-off value is not needed.

[0340] The example apparatus can also be configured to: receive from the user equipment an indication that the presence of a power back-off value can be at least partially based on at least one of the following: simultaneous transmission, or maximum allowed opening.

[0341] At least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value can include an indication of a range of the power back-off value.

[0342] The example apparatus can also be configured to: send the second report to a network node via a backhaul link.

[0343] A transport configuration indicator state pair can at least include a transport configuration indicator state from a first set of transport configuration indicator states associated with a network node, and a transport configuration indicator state from a second set of transport configuration indicator states.

[0344] According to one aspect, an example method can be provided, including: using a first network node to send to a user equipment an indication to activate a second set of transport configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving from the user equipment a second report, where the second report can include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transport configuration indicator state pair.

[0345] The second report can include multiple indications of the presence of a power back-off value, where a respective indication among the multiple indications can be correspondingly associated with a transport configuration indicator state pair.

[0346] The power back-off value associated with a transport configuration indicator state pair can include a power back-off value applied to the transport configuration indicator state pair.

[0347] The second report may include at least one of the following: a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0348] The power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair may include a power back-off value selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0349] At least one transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be active, and the other transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair may be inactive.

[0350] The second report may include at least one of the following: a single power margin report, a multi-transmission and reception point power margin report, where the multi-transmission and reception point power margin report may include power back-off values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report may include power back-off values for potential transmission configuration indicator state switches.

[0351] The example method may further include: in response to a first report including a layer one reference signal received power report, configuring the user equipment to have at least one of the following: a single power margin report mode, or a dual power margin report mode.

[0352] The example method may further include: receiving an indication from the user equipment of at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which a power back-off value is not needed.

[0353] The example method may further include: receiving an indication from the user equipment that the presence of a power back-off value may be at least partially based on at least one of the following: simultaneous transmission, or maximum allowed opening.

[0354] At least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value may include an indication of the range of the power back-off value.

[0355] The example method may further include: sending the second report to a network node via a backhaul link.

[0356] The transmission configuration indicator state pair may at least include a transmission configuration indicator state from a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with a network node, and a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0357] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a circuit system configured to perform the following items: sending an indication to a user equipment to activate a second transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; and a circuit system configured to perform the following items: receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report may include at least one indication of the existence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0358] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuit system; a memory circuit system including computer program code, the memory circuit system and the computer program code being configured to, together with the processing circuit system, enable the apparatus to: send an indication to a user equipment to activate a second transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; and receive a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0359] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: sending an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0360] According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may include means for performing any of the foregoing example methods.

[0361] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon, which when executed together with at least one processor cause the at least one processor to: cause a first network node to be used to send an indication to a user equipment to activate a second transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; and cause a second report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the second report may include at least one indication of the existence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0362] According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing a first network node to send an indication to a user equipment to activate a second transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; and causing a second report to be received from the user equipment, wherein the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0363] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device tangibly embodies machine-executable instructions for performing operations, the operations including: causing a first network node to send an indication for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node to a user equipment; and causing a second report to be received from the user equipment, where the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0364] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least perform the following: causing a first network node to send an indication for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node to a user equipment; and causing a second report to be received from the user equipment, where the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0365] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least perform: causing a first network node to send an indication for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node to a user equipment; and causing a second report to be received from the user equipment, where the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0366] A computer-implemented system includes: means for causing a first network node to send an indication for activating a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node to a user equipment; and means for causing a second report to be received from the user equipment, where the second report may include at least one indication of the presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0367] As used herein, the term "non-transitory" is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, rather than a signal), rather than a limitation on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM versus ROM).

[0368] It should be understood that the above description is illustrative only. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art. For example, the features described in the respective dependent claims can be combined with each other in any suitable combination(s). Additionally, features from the different embodiments above can be selectively combined into new embodiments. Accordingly, this description is intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receiving, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; as well as Sending a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report includes: At least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first report comprises: A plurality of indications of the presence of a power backoff value, wherein respective ones of the plurality of indications are respectively associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: determining an overlap between transmissions having a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and transmissions having a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and The power backoff value is determined based at least in part on: Determining the overlap, the transmit power configured per transmission configuration indicator state, Maximum equivalent isotropic radiated power, Power headroom, Maximum output power limit, or Maximum total radiated power.

4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: A second report is sent to the second network node, wherein the second report is at least partially different from the first report.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: A power backoff value applied to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first report comprises at least one of the following: Multiple transmit and receive point power headroom reporting, or Layer 1 reference signal received power report.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: A power backoff value is selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein at least one transmission configuration indicator state of the transmission configuration indicator state pair is active, The other transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair is inactive.

9. The apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the first report comprises at least one of the following: Single Power Headroom Report, A multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report comprises: power backoff values ​​for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or A layer 1 reference signal received power report, wherein the layer 1 reference signal received power report includes: a power backoff value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the layer 1 reference signal received power report is configured to trigger configuration of the apparatus using at least one of: Single power headroom reporting mode, or Dual power headroom reporting mode.

11. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: A third indication of an uplink grant associated with a further set of transmission configuration indicator states is received from the first network node, the further set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node and the second network node, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states is at least partially different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the third indication comprises: Single downlink control information message.

13. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: receiving a fourth indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node, wherein the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises at least: a first transmission configuration indicator state from said first set of transmission configuration indicator states, and A second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: receiving, from the first network node, a fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third transmission configuration indicator state set, the third transmission configuration indicator state set being associated with the first network node; and receiving, from the second network node, a sixth indication of an uplink grant associated with a fourth transmission configuration indicator state set, the fourth transmission configuration indicator state set being associated with the second network node, Wherein the third transmission configuration indicator state set is at least partially different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair, wherein the fourth transmission configuration indicator state set is at least partially different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the fifth indication and the sixth indication respectively comprise downlink control information messages.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the fourth indication is received from one of: the first network node, or the second network node.

17. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: A seventh indication of a threshold for the power backoff value for sending the first report is received.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the threshold for the power backoff value is included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

19. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the first report is sent based on at least one of: A change in the state of a configured transport configuration indicator, Addition of a transport configuration indicator state, or The current link power margin is lower than the threshold.

20. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: An eighth indication of at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which a power backoff value is not required is sent.

21. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: Sending a ninth indication, the ninth indication indicating that the existence of the power backoff value is based at least in part on at least one of: The simultaneous transmission, or Maximum allowed opening.

22. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value comprises: An indication of a range of power backoff values.

23. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the presence of the power backoff value comprises: Maximum power reduction value for power management.

24. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the first network node comprises a first transmission and reception point, and wherein the second network node comprises a second transmission and reception point.

25. A method comprising: receiving, by a user equipment, from a first network node a first indication for activating a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; as well as A first report is sent to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

26. An apparatus comprising components for: receiving, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; receiving a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and A first report is sent to the first network node, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of the presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

27. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing a first indication to be received from a first network node using a user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the first network node; causing receipt of a second indication of a second network node from the first network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; as well as Causing sending of a first report to the first network node, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

28. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for executing the method according to any one of claims 25 to 49.

29. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: sending a first indication to the user equipment to activate a first transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; sending a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; as well as A first report is received from the user equipment, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the first report comprises: A plurality of indications of the presence of a power backoff value, wherein respective ones of the plurality of indications are respectively associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

31. The apparatus of claim 29 or 30, wherein the power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: A power backoff value applied to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

32. The apparatus of claim 31 , wherein the first report comprises at least one of: Multiple transmit and receive point power headroom reporting, or Layer 1 reference signal received power report.

33. The apparatus of any one of claims 29 to 32, wherein the power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: A power backoff value is selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein at least one transmission configuration indicator state of the transmission configuration indicator state pair is active, The other transmission configuration indicator state in the transmission configuration indicator state pair is inactive.

35. The apparatus of claim 33 or 34, wherein the first report comprises at least one of: Single Power Headroom Report, A multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report comprises: power backoff values ​​for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or A layer 1 reference signal received power report, wherein the layer 1 reference signal received power report includes: a power backoff value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: In response to the first report including the layer 1 reference signal received power report, configuring the user equipment to have at least one of the following: Single power headroom reporting mode, or Dual power headroom reporting mode.

37. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 36, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: determining, based at least in part on the first report, a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states is associated with the apparatus and the network node, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states is at least in part different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair; and A third indication of an uplink grant associated with the further transmission configuration indicator state set is sent to the user equipment.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the third indication comprises: Single downlink control information message.

39. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 36, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: sending a fourth indication to the user equipment to activate a second transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the network node, wherein the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises at least: a first transmission configuration indicator state from said first set of transmission configuration indicator states, and A second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: A fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus is sent to the user equipment, wherein the third transmission configuration indicator state set is at least partially different from the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

41. The apparatus of claim 40, wherein the fifth indication comprises: Downlink Control Information Message.

42. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 41, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: A sixth indication of a threshold value of the power backoff value used for sending the first report is sent to the user equipment.

43. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the threshold for the power backoff value is included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

44. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 43, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: A seventh indication of at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which the power backoff is not required is received from the user equipment.

45. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 44, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: receiving an eighth indication from the user equipment, the eighth indication indicating that the existence of the power backoff value is based at least in part on at least one of: The simultaneous transmission, or Maximum allowed opening.

46. ​​The apparatus of any one of claims 29 to 45, wherein the at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value comprises: An indication of a range of power backoff values.

47. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 46, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: The first report is sent to the network node via a backhaul link.

48. The apparatus of any one of claims 29 to 47, wherein the presence of the power backoff value comprises: Maximum power reduction value for power management.

49. An apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 48, wherein the apparatus comprises a first transmission and reception point, wherein the network node comprises a second transmission and reception point.

50. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: sending an indication to a user equipment to activate a second transmission configuration indicator state set associated with the apparatus; as well as A second report is received from the user equipment, wherein the second report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

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