Compound management method for carya illinoensis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of forest and agricultural compound management methods, and particularly relates to a compound management method for carya illinoensis. The invention discloses a compound management method for carya illinoensis. Leguminous plants are planted under carya illinoensis trees of which the tree age is 2-5 years; performing field management on the carya illinoensis and leguminous plants; when the tree age of the carya illinoensis is more than 5 years, removing the whole leguminous plant with roots, and planting konjak; and performing field management on the carya illinoensis and the konjak. According to the method, the carya illinoensis is interplanted with the leguminous plants such as the soybeans and the konjak, on one hand, the land surface coverage rate is increased through interplanting, water and soil loss is reduced, the soil water content is increased, and growth of weeds is reduced;

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agroforestry management methods, and particularly relates to a pecan composite management method. Background Art

[0002] Pecan is a large tree of the genus Carya in the walnut family. It has a straight trunk, a nearly broad-ovate crown, well-developed roots, and is water-tolerant. It is an ecological and economic tree species integrating high-quality dried fruits, woody oilseeds, landscaping, and high-grade timber. The kernels of pecan are rich in nutrients, containing 17 kinds of amino acids. Evaluated by the amino acid ratio method, pecan exceeds the plant proteins of Prunus pedunculata, Codonopsis pilosula, and Macadamia integrifolia, etc. The crude fat content of its seeds can reach up to 70%, and the unsaturated fatty acid content is about 93%. Actively developing the pecan industry is of great value for strengthening the forest food bank and enhancing the diversified food supply. There is a large amount of development space under pecan trees, and its under-forest economy can broaden the field of forestry economy, which is an important way to increase income and also the only way to develop modern forestry. Therefore, how to utilize the under-forest space is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, a pecan composite management method is provided. By planting leguminous plants and konjac under pecan trees, the applications of pecan and konjac are broadened, and the economic income is increased.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A pecan composite management method includes the following steps:

[0006] 1) Plant leguminous plants under pecan trees with a tree age of 2 - 5 years;

[0007] 2) Field management of pecan and leguminous plants;

[0008] 3) When the pecan tree age is greater than 5 years, uproot the whole leguminous plant with roots and plant konjac;

[0009] 4) Field management of konjac.

[0010] Preferably, the row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees in step 1) are 5m × 6m.

[0011] Preferably, the leguminous plant in step 1) is any one of soybean, red bean, mung bean, and bambara groundnut.

[0012] Preferably, in step 1), 8 - 11 rows of leguminous plants are planted between two rows of pecan trees, the row spacing of the leguminous plants is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the seeding rate of leguminous plants in step 1) is 2 - 4 kg per mu.

[0014] Preferably, in step 2), 30 kg of urea is applied per mu before the spring germination of Carya illinoinensis trees.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3), 5 - 8 rows of Amorphophallus konjac are planted between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Amorphophallus konjac is 60 cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm.

[0016] Preferably, the amount of tubers required for the planting of Amorphophallus konjac in step 3) is 750 - 800 kg per mu.

[0017] Preferably, 1500 kg of humus soil is applied per mu before the planting of Amorphophallus konjac in step 3).

[0018] In the present invention, by intercropping Carya illinoinensis with leguminous plants such as soybeans and Amorphophallus konjac respectively, on the one hand, intercropping improves the ground coverage rate, reduces soil erosion, increases the soil water content, and reduces the growth of weeds. On the other hand, leguminous plants have a relatively strong nitrogen fixation ability, which can increase soil nutrients, improve the soil environment, and promote the growth of Carya illinoinensis. Intercropping leguminous plants such as soybeans and economic crops of Amorphophallus konjac can not only increase economic income but also be conducive to the diversified development of forest land. Specific Embodiments

[0019] The following combines specific embodiments to further elaborate on the present invention in detail. However, the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited to the scope represented by the embodiments. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A method for the compound management of Carya illinoinensis includes the following steps:

[0022] 1) Plant Bambara groundnut under 2 - year - old Carya illinoinensis trees. The row and plant spacing of the Carya illinoinensis trees is 5m×6m. 8 rows of Bambara groundnut are planted between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Bambara groundnut is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of Bambara groundnut is 2 kg per mu;

[0023] 2) Conduct field management on Carya illinoinensis and leguminous plants. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. Weed in time during the growth period and do a good job in pest and disease prevention, etc., and fertilize according to the following method:

[0024] Carya illinoinensis: Apply 30 kg of urea per mu before the spring germination every year, apply 80 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees during the fruit swelling period, and apply 2000 kg of basal fertilizer in autumn;

[0025] Leguminous plants: Apply 15 kg / mu of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer, and topdress nitrogen fertilizer at 2.5 kg / mu during the seedling stage.

[0026] 3) When the age of pecan trees is 6 years, uproot the whole leguminous plants with roots, plant konjac, plant 5 rows of konjac between two rows of pecan trees, the row spacing of konjac is 60 cm, the plant spacing is 50 cm, and the required amount of konjac tubers for planting is 750 kg / mu;

[0027] 4) Conduct field management on konjac. Apply 1500 kg / mu of humus soil before planting, with half as base fertilizer and half as covering fertilizer. Topdress 20 kg / mu of ternary compound fertilizer before the konjac seedlings start to unfold leaves. Drain water in time during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging, and timely weed and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control during the growth period, etc.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A compound management method for pecan trees includes the following steps:

[0030] 1) Plant bambara groundnut under pecan trees with a tree age of 3 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees are 5m×6m. Plant 9 rows of bambara groundnut between two rows of pecan trees. The row spacing of bambara groundnut is 50 cm, the plant spacing is 40 cm, and the seeding rate of bambara groundnut is 3 kg / mu;

[0031] 2) Conduct field management on pecan trees and leguminous plants. Drain water in time during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging, and timely weed and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control during the growth period, etc., and fertilize according to the following methods:

[0032] Pecan trees: Apply 30 kg / mu of urea before sprouting in spring every year, apply 80 kg / mu of special fruit tree fertilizer during the fruit swelling period, and apply 2000 kg / mu of base fertilizer in autumn;

[0033] Leguminous plants: Apply 18 kg / mu of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer, and topdress nitrogen fertilizer at 3 kg / mu during the seedling stage.

[0034] 3) When the age of pecan trees is 6 years, uproot the whole leguminous plants with roots, plant konjac, plant 6 rows of konjac between two rows of pecan trees, the row spacing of konjac is 60 cm, the plant spacing is 50 cm, and the required amount of konjac tubers for planting is 780 kg / mu;

[0035] 4) Conduct field management on konjac. Apply 1500 kg / mu of humus soil before planting, with half as base fertilizer and half as covering fertilizer. Topdress 20 kg / mu of ternary compound fertilizer before the konjac seedlings start to unfold leaves. Drain water in time during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging, and timely weed and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control during the growth period, etc.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] A method for the composite management of Carya illinoinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0038] 1) Plant Phaseolus calcaratus under Carya illinoinensis trees at the age of 5 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the Carya illinoinensis trees are 5m×6m. Plant 11 rows of Phaseolus calcaratus between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Phaseolus calcaratus is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of Phaseolus calcaratus is 4 kg / mu.

[0039] 2) Conduct field management on Carya illinoinensis and leguminous plants. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. Weed in time during the growth period and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, etc. And fertilize according to the following method:

[0040] Carya illinoinensis: Apply 30 kg / mu of urea before germination in spring every year, apply 80 kg / mu of special fertilizer for fruit trees during the fruit swelling period, and apply 2000 kg / mu of basal fertilizer in autumn.

[0041] Leguminous plants: Apply 20 kg / mu of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as basal fertilizer, and topdress with 5 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer during the seedling stage.

[0042] 3) When the Carya illinoinensis trees are 6 years old, uproot the whole leguminous plants with roots and plant Amorphophallus konjac. Plant 8 rows of Amorphophallus konjac between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Amorphophallus konjac is 60 cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm. The amount of tubers required for planting Amorphophallus konjac is 800 kg / mu.

[0043] 4) Conduct field management on Amorphophallus konjac. Apply 1500 kg / mu of humus soil before planting, with half as basal fertilizer and half as covering fertilizer. Topdress with 20 kg / mu of ternary compound fertilizer before the seedlings of Amorphophallus konjac start to unfurl leaves. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. Weed in time during the growth period and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, etc.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] 1) Plant Glycine max under Carya illinoinensis trees at the age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the Carya illinoinensis trees are 5m×6m. Plant 8 rows of Glycine max between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Glycine max is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of Glycine max is 2 kg / mu.

[0046] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] 1) Plant Vigna angularis under Carya illinoinensis trees at the age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the Carya illinoinensis trees are 5m×6m. Plant 8 rows of Vigna angularis between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Vigna angularis plants is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of Vigna angularis is 2 kg / mu.

[0049] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] 1) Plant mung beans under pecan trees at the age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees are 5m×6m. Plant 8 rows of mung beans between two rows of pecan trees. The row spacing of mung beans is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of mung beans is 2 kg / mu.

[0052] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] 1) Plant bambara beans under pecan trees at the age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees are 5m×6m. Plant 9 rows of bambara beans between two rows of pecan trees. The row spacing of bambara beans is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of bambara beans is 2 kg / mu.

[0055] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Example 8

[0057] 1) Plant bambara beans under pecan trees at the age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees are 5m×6m. Plant 10 rows of bambara beans between two rows of pecan trees. The row spacing of bambara beans is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of bambara beans is 2 kg / mu.

[0058] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0059] Example 9

[0060] 1) Plant bambara beans under pecan trees at the age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees are 5m×6m. Plant 11 rows of bambara beans between two rows of pecan trees. The row spacing of bambara beans is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of bambara beans is 2 kg / mu.

[0061] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0062] Example 10

[0063] 1) Plant bambara beans under pecan trees at the age of 3 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the pecan trees are 5m×6m. Plant 8 rows of bambara beans between two rows of pecan trees. The row spacing of bambara beans is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. The seeding rate of bambara beans is 2 kg / mu.

[0064] Steps 2)-4) are the same as those in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] Cancel the planting of leguminous plants. The specific method is as follows:

[0067] A method for the intercropping of Carya illinoinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0068] 1) Plant Amorphophallus konjac under Carya illinoinensis trees with a tree age of 2 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the Carya illinoinensis trees are 5m×6m. Plant 5 rows of Amorphophallus konjac between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Amorphophallus konjac is 60 cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm. The amount of tubers required for planting Amorphophallus konjac is 750 kg per mu;

[0069] 2) Conduct field management on Carya illinoinensis and Amorphophallus konjac. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. During the growth period, weed in time and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, etc. And fertilize according to the following method:

[0070] Carya illinoinensis: Apply 30 kg of urea per mu before germination in spring every year, apply 80 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees during the fruit swelling period, and apply 2000 kg of base fertilizer in autumn;

[0071] Amorphophallus konjac: Apply 1500 kg of humus soil per mu before planting, with half as base fertilizer and half as covering seed fertilizer. Apply 20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu before the emergence of Amorphophallus konjac starts to unfurl leaves. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. During the growth period, weed in time and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, etc.

[0072] Control Example 2

[0073] Cancel the planting of leguminous plants. The specific method is as follows:

[0074] A method for the intercropping of Carya illinoinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0075] 1) Plant Amorphophallus konjac under Carya illinoinensis trees with a tree age of 6 years. The row spacing and plant spacing of the Carya illinoinensis trees are 5m×6m. Plant 5 rows of Amorphophallus konjac between two rows of Carya illinoinensis trees. The row spacing of Amorphophallus konjac is 60 cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm. The amount of tubers required for planting Amorphophallus konjac is 750 kg per mu;

[0076] 2) Conduct field management on Carya illinoinensis and Amorphophallus konjac. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. During the growth period, weed in time and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, etc. And fertilize according to the following method:

[0077] Carya illinoinensis: Apply 30 kg of urea per mu before germination in spring every year, apply 80 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees during the fruit swelling period, and apply 2000 kg of base fertilizer in autumn;

[0078] Amorphophallus konjac: Apply 1500 kg of humus soil per mu before planting, with half as base fertilizer and half as covering seed fertilizer. Apply 20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu before the emergence of Amorphophallus konjac starts to unfurl leaves. In the rainy season, drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. During the growth period, weed in time and do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, etc.

[0079] In the second year of intercropping leguminous plants or konjac with pecan, the data of pecan yield, empty seed rate, leguminous plant yield, and konjac yield were statistically analyzed for the examples and comparative examples, as shown in Table 1 specifically:

[0080] Table 1 Intercropping harvest situation

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] As can be seen from Table 1, intercropping can increase the yields of pecan, soybeans, konjac, etc., and plays an important role in economic income generation.

Claims

1. A thin-shell pecan composite management method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) Plant legumes under 2-5 year old pecan trees; 2) Field management of pecans and legumes; 3) When the age of the pecan trees is more than 5 years, the leguminous plants are uprooted and konjac is planted; 4) Konjac field management.

2. The thin-shell pecan compound management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The row spacing of the thin-shelled pecan trees in step 1) is 5m×6m.

3. The thin-shell pecan compound management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The legume plant in step 1) is any one of soybean, red bean, mung bean and bamboo bean.

4. The thin-shell pecan composite management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), 8 to 11 rows of legumes are planted between two rows of thin-shelled pecan trees, with a row spacing of 50 cm and a plant spacing of 40 cm.

5. The thin-shell pecan composite management method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Step 1) The sowing rate of leguminous plants is 2-4 kg / mu.

6. The thin-shell pecan compound management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2) Apply 30 kg / mu of urea before the thin-shelled pecan trees sprout in spring.

7. The thin-shell pecan compound management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), 5 to 8 rows of konjac are planted between two rows of thin-shelled pecan trees, with a row spacing of 60 cm and a plant spacing of 50 cm.

8. The thin-shell pecan compound management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 3) The amount of tubers required for konjac planting is 750-800 kg / mu.

9. The thin-shell pecan compound management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 3) before planting konjac, 1500 kg / mu of humus soil is applied.

Images