Data transmission method, terminal equipment, network equipment, system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a data transmission method, terminal equipment, network equipment, a system and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the step of receiving load information of the plurality of wireless links, wherein the load information of the wireless links is used for indicating loads of the wireless links. And sending data on a first wireless link in the plurality of wireless links, wherein the load of the first wireless link is smaller than that of other wireless links in the plurality of wireless links. Therefore, the load of a plurality of wireless links can be balanced, and the probability of collision of the data packets transmitted on the same wireless link is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method, a terminal device, a network device, a system, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the development of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), in the new generation of Wi-Fi protocol specifications (such as Wi-Fi 7 or IEEE 802.11 standards), Multi-Link Devices (MLDs) that support Multi-Link Operation (MLO) are proposed. The multi-link device can perform data transmission on multiple wireless links simultaneously.

[0003] For the terminal device in the multi-link device, the terminal device can transmit data on one or more of the multiple wireless links. However, there may be a situation where multiple terminal devices transmit data packets on the same wireless link simultaneously, resulting in data packet collisions, which seriously affects data transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a data transmission method, a terminal device, a network device, a system, and a storage medium, which are used to balance the loads of multiple wireless links and reduce the probability of data packet collisions occurring on the same wireless link.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided. The method includes: receiving load information of multiple wireless links, where the load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link. Based on the load information of the multiple wireless links, data is transmitted on a first wireless link among the multiple wireless links, and the load of the first wireless link is less than the loads of other wireless links among the multiple wireless links.

[0007] In this method, the terminal device selects the first wireless link with a smaller load amount to transmit data through the load information of the multiple wireless links. In this way, the terminal device can balance the loads of the multiple wireless links, reduce the probability of data packet collisions between the data packets sent by the terminal device and the data packets sent by other communication devices, reduce the retransmission of data packets, reduce the delay of data transmission, and improve the user experience.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, for each of the multiple wireless links, the load information of the wireless link is received through the wireless link; or, the load information of the multiple wireless links is received through one of the multiple wireless links.

[0009] In this implementation, the terminal device can receive the load information of the corresponding wireless link through multiple wireless links respectively, or the terminal device can receive the load information of multiple wireless links through one wireless link. In this way, the terminal device can balance the loads of multiple wireless links through the load information of multiple wireless links.

[0010] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the load information is carried in a Beacon frame. In this way, the load information can be carried in the beacon frame, thus saving data frames and reducing the overhead of data frames.

[0011] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, if the second wireless link is in a high-load state within the first preset duration, the station corresponding to the second wireless link is controlled to enter the sleep state, and the load of the wireless link in the high-load state is greater than the first preset load.

[0012] In this implementation, the terminal device can reduce the load of the second wireless link, improve the data transmission efficiency of the second wireless link, and can also save the power consumption of the terminal device and improve the battery life of the terminal device.

[0013] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, if the load of the second wireless link is less than the second preset load, the station of the second wireless link is woken up.

[0014] In this implementation, if the load information of the wireless link indicates that the load of the wireless link has recovered to a relatively low level, the mobile phone can then resume the wireless link and transmit data on the wireless link.

[0015] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, if the sleep duration of the station corresponding to the second wireless link entering the sleep state reaches the second preset duration, the station of the second wireless link is woken up. If the load of the second wireless link is less than the second preset load, data is transmitted through the second wireless link.

[0016] In this implementation, after a wireless link enters the sleep state, the terminal device can also wake up the wireless link every once in a while and receive the load information of the wireless link on the wireless link. If the load information of the wireless link indicates that the load of the wireless link has recovered to a relatively low level, the terminal device can then resume the wireless link and transmit data on the wireless link. If the load information of the wireless link indicates that the load of the wireless link is still at a relatively high level, the terminal device can continue to control the wireless link to sleep.

[0017] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the above load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency unutilization rate, and spatial stream unutilization rate.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, including: obtaining load information of a plurality of wireless links, where the load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link, and sending the load information of the plurality of wireless links.

[0019] In this method, the network device sends the load information of the plurality of wireless links. Through the load information of the plurality of wireless links, the terminal device can select a first wireless link with a smaller load to transmit data, thereby balancing the load of the plurality of wireless links.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, for each wireless link of the plurality of wireless links, the load information of the wireless link is sent through the wireless link; or, for each wireless link of the plurality of wireless links, the load information of the plurality of wireless links is sent through the wireless link.

[0021] In another possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the load information is carried in a beacon frame.

[0022] In another possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency unutilization rate, and spatial stream unutilization rate.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device supports transmitting data with the network device through a plurality of wireless links. The method includes: the network device obtains the load information of the plurality of wireless links and sends the load information of the plurality of wireless links; wherein, the load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link; the terminal device receives the load information of the plurality of wireless links and transmits data on a first wireless link among the plurality of wireless links based on the load information of the plurality of wireless links, where the load of the first wireless link is less than the loads of other wireless links among the plurality of wireless links.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, for each wireless link of the plurality of wireless links, the network device sends the load information of the wireless link through the wireless link, or the network device sends the load information of the plurality of wireless links through the wireless link; for each wireless link of the plurality of wireless links, the terminal device receives the load information of the wireless link through the wireless link, or the terminal device receives the load information of the plurality of wireless links through the wireless link.

[0025] In another possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the load information is carried in a beacon frame.

[0026] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the terminal device includes multiple stations, and each station corresponds to a wireless link; the multiple wireless links include a second wireless link; if the second wireless link is in a high-load state within a first preset duration, the terminal device controls the station corresponding to the second wireless link to enter the sleep state, where the load of the wireless link in the high-load state is greater than a first preset load.

[0027] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, if the load of the second wireless link is less than a second preset load, the terminal device wakes up the station of the second wireless link.

[0028] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, if the sleep duration for the station corresponding to the second wireless link to enter the sleep state reaches a second preset duration, the terminal device wakes up the station of the second wireless link; if the load of the second wireless link is less than the second preset load, the terminal device transmits data through the second wireless link.

[0029] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency unutilization rate, and spatial stream unutilization rate.

[0030] Fourth aspect, the present application provides a terminal device, including: a communication interface and one or more processors. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, the communication interface is used for transmitting data, and the processor is used for running a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed by the processor, the terminal device executes the method described in the first aspect and any of its possible implementation manners.

[0031] Fifth aspect, the present application provides a network device, including: a communication interface and one or more processors, and the communication interface is coupled to the processor. The communication interface is used for transmitting data, and the processor is used for running a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed by the processor, the network device executes the method described in the second aspect and any of its possible implementation manners.

[0032] Sixth aspect, the present application provides a data transmission system, and the data transmission system includes: the terminal device described in the fourth aspect and the network device described in the fifth aspect.

[0033] Seventh aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer instructions. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs. When the computer instructions or programs run on a computer, the method described in the first aspect and any of its possible implementation manners is executed, or the method described in the second aspect and any of its possible implementation manners is executed, or the method described in the third aspect and any of its possible implementation manners is executed. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a basic service set provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a network device and a terminal device establishing multiple wireless links provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a communication device 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 A flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a Beacon frame provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 A flowchart of a wireless link sleep provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a wireless link sleep wake-up provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a Beacon frame including load information of multiple wireless links provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 9 A flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The basic unit of a wireless local area network can be referred to as a basic service set (BSS). A BSS usually includes a network device and a terminal device. With the development of WLAN technology, the network device or terminal device in a BSS is a multi-link device supporting multi-link aggregation, and can simultaneously transmit data in parallel on multiple wireless links. For example, as Figure 1 shown, the basic service set includes a network device and a terminal device. The network device and the terminal device can communicate with each other using multiple wireless links, so as to achieve the effect of improving throughput.

[0044] The network device includes one or more access points (APs). The access point is used to provide a wireless signal for the terminal device to connect. One access point works on one wireless link. The network device can be referred to as an access point multi-link device (AP MLD) or a media access control (MAC) sublayer service access point (MAC-SAP).

[0045] The terminal device includes one or more non - access points (Non - AP) (or called stations (Station, STA)). A station can be connected to an access point through a wireless link and communicate with the access point. The terminal device can also be called a Non - AP multi - link device (Non AP MLD) or a MAC sub - layer service station (MAC - STA).

[0046] Exemplarily, taking the network device and the terminal device as multi - link devices that both support two wireless links as an example. As Figure 2 shown, the network device includes access point 1 and access point 2. Among them, the MAC address of access point 1 is w, and the MAC address of access point 2 is x. w is different from x. The Non - AP multi - link device includes station 1 and station 2. The MAC address of station 1 is y, and the MAC address of station 2 is z. y is different from z. Station 1 accesses the wireless local area network through wireless link 1 provided by access point 1. Station 2 accesses the wireless local area network through wireless link 2 provided by access point 2. In this way, the terminal device and the network device can perform transmission interactions simultaneously on wireless link 1 and wireless link 2. Of course, the terminal device and the network device can also transmit data only on 1 wireless link.

[0047] It can be understood that an access point may be connected to multiple terminal devices. When the terminal device has a data packet to be sent, the terminal device can compete for the wireless link through the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) mechanism and detect whether each wireless link is in an idle state through the Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) technology, and transmit the data packet when the wireless link is in an idle state.

[0048] When there are multiple terminal devices using the same wireless link to transmit data to a network device, or when one or several terminal devices frequently use a wireless link to transmit data to a network device, the load on this wireless link is relatively high. When the load on a wireless link is high, multiple terminal devices may transmit data packets on this wireless link simultaneously, resulting in packet collisions. For example, when a terminal device detects that a wireless link is in an idle state, it will randomly determine a backoff duration (such as 1 millisecond or 2 milliseconds, etc.). Starting from the moment when the wireless link is detected to be in a spatial state, when the randomly determined backoff duration is reached, data packets are transmitted on this wireless link. If the randomly determined backoff durations of multiple terminal devices are the same, then multiple terminal devices will transmit data packets on this wireless link simultaneously. However, on a wireless link where a network device operates at an access point, the network device can only receive data from one terminal device at the same time. The network device receiving the data packets may not be able to successfully parse multiple data packets, resulting in retransmission of the data packets, further causing the wireless link to become more congested and resulting in a relatively high packet error rate. In some scenarios with high latency requirements, such as gaming, video calls, etc., an increase in the packet error rate will increase the latency of data transmission, seriously affecting the user experience.

[0049] In view of this, in the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the network device can send the load information of multiple wireless links. The load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link. The terminal device can transmit data on the first wireless link among multiple wireless links according to the received load information of the multiple wireless links. The load of the first wireless link is less than the load of other wireless links. In this way, the terminal device can select the first wireless link with a smaller load to transmit data through the load information of the multiple wireless links. In this way, the probability of collisions between the data packets sent by the terminal device and the data packets sent by other communication devices can be reduced, the retransmission of data packets can be reduced, the latency of data transmission can be reduced, and the user experience can be improved.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the network device is an MLD, which can operate in multiple frequency bands and supports 802.11 series protocols, such as 802.11a, 802.11b and other series protocols. For example, the network device can operate in multiple frequency bands such as 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc. The network device includes multiple access points. Each access point corresponds to a wireless link in a different frequency band. The network device can transmit data simultaneously through the wireless links corresponding to multiple access points. For example, the network device includes two access points, namely access point 1 and access point 2. Among them, access point 1 is used to provide a wireless link in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Access point 2 is used to provide a wireless link in the 5 GHz frequency band.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may be an MLD, supporting 802.11 series protocols and capable of operating on multiple frequency bands as well. For example, the terminal device may operate on multiple frequency bands such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc. The terminal device includes multiple stations (or non-access points). Each station corresponds to a wireless link of a different frequency band. The terminal device can transmit data simultaneously through the wireless links corresponding to multiple access points. For example, the terminal device includes two stations, namely STA1 and STA2. Among them, STA1 is used to access the wireless link of the 2.4 GHz frequency band. STA2 is used to access the wireless link of the 5 GHz frequency band.

[0052] In some implementation manners, the terminal device may also be a non-MLD. The non-MLD can also support wireless links of multiple frequency bands. However, the non-MLD only supports the connection of one wireless link at a time, that is, it can only transmit data on one wireless link and cannot support the connection of multiple wireless links simultaneously, nor can it transmit data on multiple wireless links simultaneously.

[0053] Exemplarily, the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may be a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), etc. Specifically, the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with wireless transceiver functions. It may also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wearable terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical treatment, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a smart home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, etc. The network device in the embodiments of the present application is a device for connecting the terminal device to a wireless network. The network device may be a communication entity such as a communication server, a router, a switch, a bridge, etc. Or, the network device may be various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, etc. In the embodiments of the present application, no special restrictions are imposed on the specific forms of the network device and the terminal device, and this is only an exemplary illustration here.

[0054] Exemplarily, both the terminal device and the network device in the embodiments of the present application may adopt Figure 3 the shown hardware structure. Taking Figure 3 as the hardware structure of a communication device 300 provided in the embodiments of the present application, this communication device 300 may be an access point multi-link device or a non-access point multi-link device. As Figure 3 shown, this communication device 300 includes a processor 301, a transceiver 302, and a communication line 303.

[0055] Further, the communication device 300 may further include a memory 304. Among them, the processor 301, the memory 304, and the transceiver 302 may be connected through a communication line 303.

[0056] Among them, the processor 301 is a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 301 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.

[0057] The transceiver 302 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks. The other communication network may be an Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. The transceiver 302 may be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of implementing communication.

[0058] The communication line 303 is used to transmit information between the components included in the communication device 300. The communication line 303 may provide wireless communication solutions including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G, wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as Wi-Fi networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared technology (IR), etc.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the communication line 303 includes one or more wireless links, and each wireless link corresponds to a frequency band. For example, the communication line 303 includes Wi-Fi wireless links in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands.

[0060] The memory 304 is used to store instructions. Among them, the instructions may be computer programs.

[0061] Among them, the memory 304 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and / or instructions. It can also be a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and / or instructions. Additionally, it can be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, without limitation.

[0062] It should be noted that the memory 304 can exist independently of the processor 301 or be integrated with the processor 301. The memory 304 can be used to store instructions, program codes, or some data, etc. The memory 304 can be located inside the communication device 300 or outside the communication device 300, without limitation. The processor 301 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 304 to implement the communication method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.

[0063] In one example, the processor 301 can include one or more CPUs. For example, the processor 301 includes CPU0 and CPU1.

[0064] As an alternative implementation, the communication device 300 includes multiple processors. For example, in addition to the processor 301, it can also include a processor 307, and the processor 301 can include CPU0 and CPU1.

[0065] As an alternative implementation, the communication device 300 further includes an output device 305 and an input device 306. Exemplarily, the input device 306 is a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, or a joystick, etc., and the output device 305 is a display screen, a speaker, etc.

[0066] It can be understood that the interface connection relationships between the modules illustrated in this embodiment are only illustrative and do not constitute a structural limitation on the terminal device. In other embodiments, the communication device may also include more or fewer modules than those provided in the above embodiments, and different interface connection methods or combinations of multiple interface connection methods may be adopted between the various modules. In some implementation manners, Figure 3The hardware structure shown may also be a chip system or a system-on-chip in an access point device or a non-access point device. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0067] In addition, actions, terms, etc. involved between the embodiments of this application can be referred to each other without limitation. The data names or parameter names in the data exchanged between devices in the embodiments of this application are only examples, and other names can also be used in specific implementations without limitation. The methods in the following embodiments can all be implemented in the terminal device and the network device with the above hardware structure.

[0068] In the following embodiments, the terminal device is a mobile phone and the network device is a router as an example to introduce the method provided by the embodiments of this application.

[0069] In some embodiments, the router sends the load information of each wireless link on multiple wireless links. The following takes the mobile phone including 3 stations and the router including 3 access points as an example to introduce the method provided by this embodiment.

[0070] Exemplarily, the 3 stations of the mobile phone are Station 1, Station 2, and Station 3 respectively. Station 1, Station 2, and Station 3 are all non-access points. Among them, Station 1 operates on the wireless link corresponding to the 2.4 GHz frequency band (which can be denoted as wireless link 1). Station 2 operates on the wireless link corresponding to the 5 GHz frequency band (which can be denoted as wireless link 2). Station 3 operates on the wireless link corresponding to the 6 GHz frequency band (which can be denoted as wireless link 3). The 3 access points of the router are Access Point 1 and Access Point 2 respectively. Among them, Access Point 1 operates on the wireless link corresponding to the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Access Point 2 operates on the wireless link corresponding to the 5 GHz frequency band. Access Point 3 operates on the wireless link corresponding to the 6 GHz frequency band. As Figure 4 shown, the method provided by the embodiments of this application includes the following steps:

[0071] S401, the mobile phone establishes a multi-link connection with the router.

[0072] The mobile phone and the router establish connections on wireless link 1, wireless link 2, and wireless link 3 respectively. Specifically, Station 1 of the mobile phone establishes a connection with Access Point 1 of the router on wireless link 1. Station 2 of the mobile phone establishes a connection with Access Point 2 of the router on wireless link 2. Station 3 of the mobile phone establishes a connection with Access Point 3 of the router on wireless link 3. The mobile phone and the router can be connected through the established multi-links (i.e., wireless link 1, wireless link 2, and wireless link 3), and transmit data through wireless link 1, wireless link 2, and wireless link 3 at the same time.

[0073] It can be understood that for a mobile phone's station to establish a connection with a router's access point, both the station and the access point need to operate on the same frequency band. If the station and the access point operate on different frequency bands, it is difficult for the station and the access point to establish a connection. Therefore, the multi-link connection established between the mobile phone and the router is the connection established between the station and the access point operating on the same frequency band on the corresponding wireless link. Specifically, station 1 of the mobile phone and access point 1 of the router both operate on wireless link 1 corresponding to the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and station 1 of the mobile phone and access point 1 of the router establish a connection on wireless link 1. Station 2 of the mobile phone and access point 2 of the router both operate on wireless link 2 corresponding to the 5 GHz frequency band, and station 2 of the mobile phone and access point 2 of the router establish a connection on wireless link 2. Station 3 of the mobile phone and access point 3 of the router both operate on wireless link 3 corresponding to the 6 GHz frequency band, and station 3 of the mobile phone and access point 3 of the router establish a connection on wireless link 3.

[0074] S402, the router sends the load information of the corresponding wireless link on each wireless link. Correspondingly, the mobile phone receives the load information of the corresponding wireless link on each wireless link.

[0075] The router sends the load information of wireless link 1 on wireless link 1, the load information of wireless link 2 on wireless link 2, and the load information of wireless link 3 on wireless link 3. For example, the router can periodically broadcast Beacon frames on each wireless link. The Beacon frames broadcast on each wireless link carry the load information of that wireless link. Taking the beacon period as 102.4 milliseconds as an example, the router broadcasts Beacon frames on wireless link 1, wireless link 2, and wireless link 3 every 102.4 milliseconds respectively. The Beacon frame of wireless link 1 carries the load information of wireless link 1, the Beacon frame of wireless link 2 carries the load information of wireless link 2, and the Beacon frame of wireless link 3 carries the load information of wireless link 3.

[0076] In some implementation manners, the load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency unutilized rate, and spatial stream unutilized rate.

[0077] The channel utilization rate (which can be denoted as Utilization) represents the proportion of time when the wireless link is in a busy state. The channel utilization rate can reflect the load situation of a wireless link. The larger the channel utilization rate, the greater the load of the wireless link. The smaller the channel utilization rate, the smaller the load of the wireless link. Exemplarily, the channel utilization rate satisfies the following formula (1):

[0078]

[0079] where Utilization represents the channel utilization rate; Tbusy Indicates the time when the channel is in a busy state during channel measurement; dot11ChannelUtilizationBeacomInterval indicates the number of consecutive beacon intervals of the channel during measurement; dot11BeacomPeriod indicates the duration of a beacon interval, and a beacon interval is consistent with the above-mentioned beacon period.

[0080] Frequency Underutilization (which can be denoted as Frequency Underutilization) represents the proportion of time when the frequency domain resources are not fully utilized when the wireless link is in a busy state. Frequency Underutilization can also reflect the load situation of a wireless link. For example, the larger the Frequency Underutilization, the more frequency domain resources can be allocated, and the smaller the load of the wireless link. The smaller the Frequency Underutilization, the fewer frequency domain resources can be allocated, and the larger the load of the wireless link.

[0081] Exemplarily, the Frequency Underutilization satisfies the following formula (2):

[0082]

[0083] Among them, Frequency Underutilization represents the frequency underutilization. T busy Indicates the time when the channel is in a busy state during channel measurement. N represents the number of busy events that occur during measurement, which is less than or equal to dot11ChannelUtilizationBeacomInterval. N RU Indicates the time T i The number of RUs allocated within the inherent Basic Service Set (BSS) bandwidth. B j,i Indicates whether the j-th Resource Unit (RU) is in an occupied state at time T i If the j-th RU is in an occupied state at time T i Then it is 1; otherwise B j,i Then it is 0. RU j,i Then it is 0. RU j Indicates the normalization factor depending on the RU size, which is equal to the ratio of the size of the j-th RU to the size of the largest RU within the Basic Service Set (BSS) bandwidth. T i Indicates the i-th time interval when the channel is in a busy state during the measurement period. i is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and j is a positive integer less than or equal to N RU of positive integers.

[0084] Spatial Stream Underutilization represents the proportion of time when the spatial domain resources are not fully utilized under the busy state of the wireless link. The Spatial Stream Underutilization can also reflect the load condition of a wireless link. For example, the larger the Spatial Stream Underutilization, the more spatial domain resources can be allocated, and the smaller the load of the wireless link. The smaller the Spatial Stream Underutilization, the fewer spatial domain resources can be allocated, and the larger the load of the wireless link.

[0085] Exemplarily, the frequency underutilization satisfies the following formula (3):

[0086]

[0087] wherein, Spatial Stream Underutilization represents the spatial stream underutilization. N maxSS represents the maximum number of spatial streams supported by the access point. T busy represents the time when the channel is in the busy state during the channel measurement. N represents the number of busy events occurring during the measurement period, which is less than or equal to dot11ChannelUtilizationBeacomInterval. N RUM represents the time T i the number of RUs allocated within the basic service set BSS bandwidth and including at least 106 subcarriers. N SS,j,i represents the time T i the number of spatial streams on the j-th RUM. RUM j represents the normalization factor depending on the RU size, which is equal to the ratio of the size of the j-th RUM to the size of the largest RUM within the basic service set bandwidth. RUM is applicable to RUs including at least 106 subcarriers. If the j-th RUM is an RU including 106 subcarriers and the bandwidth of the BBS is 20 MHz, then RUM j is equal to 106 / 242. T i represents the i-th time interval when the channel is in the busy state during the measurement period. i and j are positive integers. i is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and j is a positive integer less than or equal to N RUM of.

[0088] Optionally, the router can calculate one or more of the channel utilization rate, frequency underutilization, and spatial stream underutilization included in the load information of each wireless link through the above formula. After calculating the load information of each wireless link, the router can carry the load information of each wireless link in the Beacon frame for broadcasting.

[0089] Exemplarily, take the case where the load information carried in the Beacon frame includes channel utilization, frequency underutilization, and spatial stream underutilization as an example. Part of the message of the Beacon frame is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the Beacon frame includes an element identifier, length, element identifier extension, number of associated stations, channel utilization, frequency underutilization, and spatial stream underutilization.

[0090] The element identifier can be represented as Element ID, which is used to identify different element fields in the beacon frame and occupies 1 byte. The length can be represented as Length, which is used to represent the length of the element field and occupies 1 byte. The element identifier extension can be represented as Element ID Extension, which is used to indicate one or more elements and occupies 1 byte. The number of associated stations can be represented as HE SAT Count, which is used to represent the number of stations accessing the wireless link and occupies 2 bytes. The channel utilization, frequency underutilization, and spatial stream underutilization each occupy 1 byte.

[0091] S403. The mobile phone determines a first wireless link among multiple wireless links according to the load information of each wireless link.

[0092] The mobile phone can comprehensively consider the load information of each wireless link and select a wireless link with a lower load among multiple wireless links as the first wireless link. The load of the first wireless link is less than the load of other wireless links.

[0093] In one example, the mobile phone can select the wireless link with the lowest channel utilization among multiple wireless links as the first wireless link according to the channel utilization of each wireless link. The channel utilization of the first wireless link is less than the channel utilization of other wireless links except the first wireless link among multiple wireless links, indicating that the load of the first wireless link is less than the load of other wireless links.

[0094] In another example, the mobile phone can calculate the load of each wireless link according to the load information of each wireless link. For example, the load of each wireless link is equal to the weighted sum of the channel utilization, frequency underutilization, and spatial stream underutilization. Among them, the weight coefficients corresponding to the channel utilization, frequency underutilization, and spatial stream underutilization can be set according to the actual application scenario or requirements. For example, the weight coefficient of the channel utilization is 0.6, the weight coefficient of the frequency underutilization is 0.2, and the weight coefficient of the spatial stream underutilization is 0.2.

[0095] S404. The mobile phone transmits data on the first wireless link among multiple wireless links.

[0096] After determining the first wireless link among multiple wireless links, the mobile phone can transmit data to the router through the first wireless link. For example, if the channel utilization rate of wireless link 1 is 50% and the channel utilization rate of wireless link 2 is 10%, the mobile phone will use wireless link 2 as the first wireless link and send various types of data such as voice data and image data to the router through wireless link 2.

[0097] In the embodiments of the present application, the router can broadcast the load information of the corresponding wireless link on each wireless link. In this way, the mobile phone can select the first wireless link with a smaller load among the multiple wireless links connected to the router to transmit data, thereby reducing the probability of collision between the data packets sent by the mobile phone and the data packets of other terminal devices or communication devices, reducing the retransmission of data packets, and reducing the delay of data transmission.

[0098] In some implementation manners, if a wireless link among multiple wireless links is in a high-load state for a long time, it indicates that the wireless link is congested during the current period, and the mobile phone can control the wireless link to sleep and no longer transmit data on the wireless link. Specifically, if the second wireless link is in a high-load state within the first preset duration, the station corresponding to the second wireless link is controlled to enter the sleep state. For example, the power of the station corresponding to the second wireless link is turned off. The load indicated by the load information of the wireless link in the high-load state is greater than the first preset load. In this way, the load of the second wireless link can be reduced, and the data transmission efficiency of the second wireless link can be improved. It can also save the power consumption of the mobile phone and improve the battery life of the mobile phone.

[0099] The second wireless link is one of the multiple wireless links provided by the router. The first preset duration can be set according to the actual application scenario or requirements. For example, the first preset duration can be set to values such as 1 second and 5 seconds. The first preset load can be set according to the actual application scenario or requirements. For example, taking the channel utilization rate as an example of the load, the first preset load can be set to values such as 70% and 80%.

[0100] Exemplarily, taking the channel utilization rate as an example of the load, the first preset duration is 1 second and the first preset load is 80% as an example. As Figure 6As shown, the router sends Beacon frames to Station 1 of the mobile phone through Access Point 1 via Wireless Link 1. The channel utilization rate of Wireless Link 1 is carried in the Beacon frame. The router sends Beacon frames to Station 2 of the mobile phone through Access Point 2 via Wireless Link 2. The channel utilization rate of Wireless Link 2 is carried in the Beacon frame. The router sends Beacon frames to Station 3 of the mobile phone through Access Point 3 via Wireless Link 3. The channel utilization rate of Wireless Link 3 is carried in the Beacon frame. Within the first preset time period, the router sends multiple Beacon frames on each wireless link. The mobile phone can obtain the channel utilization rate of the wireless link from the received Beacon frames and record the channel utilization rate of each wireless link. Among them, the channel utilization rate of Wireless Link 1 is 85% throughout the first preset time period, which is greater than the first preset load. The channel utilization rate of Wireless Link 2 is 10% throughout the first preset time period, which is less than the first preset load. The channel utilization rate of Wireless Link 3 is 20% throughout the first preset time period, which is less than the first preset load. In this case, the mobile phone can send a sleep request to the router via Wireless Link 1, notifying the router to put Wireless Link 1 to sleep through the sleep request. The router responds to the sleep request sent by the mobile phone and returns a sleep response to the mobile phone. After receiving the sleep response from the router, the mobile phone controls Station 1 corresponding to Wireless Link 1 (i.e., an example of the second wireless link) to enter the sleep state. In the sleep state, the mobile phone no longer sends data via Wireless Link 1, but transmits data to the router via Wireless Link 2 and Wireless Link 3.

[0101] Of course, the router can also send a sleep request to the router via Wireless Link 2 or Wireless Link 3. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0102] In some examples, the above sleep request may carry traffic identifier to link mapping information (which can be denoted as TID-TO-Link Mapping). The traffic identifier to link mapping information is used to indicate the wireless links in the working state. If the traffic identifier to link mapping information does not include the link identifier of a wireless link, it means that the mobile phone requests to put this wireless link to sleep. The sleep response returned by the router to the mobile phone may also carry the mobile phone's traffic identifier to link mapping information.

[0103] It can be understood that in the above example, taking one of the multiple wireless links as an example, the process of the mobile phone going to sleep on one wireless link is introduced. In other examples, the mobile phone can also control multiple wireless links to go to sleep. The process of the mobile phone controlling multiple wireless links to go to sleep can refer to the process of the mobile phone controlling one wireless link to go to sleep in the above example, which will not be elaborated here. However, at least one of the multiple wireless links established between the mobile phone and the router is in a working state, that is, the mobile phone can transmit data to the router through at least one wireless link. For example, if the loads of the multiple wireless links connected between the mobile phone and the router are all greater than the first preset load within the first preset duration, the mobile phone can keep the wireless link with the minimum load in a working state and control the other wireless links to go to sleep.

[0104] In some implementation manners, after a wireless link enters the sleep state, the mobile phone can also wake up the wireless link at regular intervals and receive the load information of the wireless link. If the load information of the wireless link indicates that the load of the wireless link has recovered to a relatively low level, the mobile phone can resume the wireless link and transmit data on the wireless link. If the load information of the wireless link indicates that the load of the wireless link is still at a relatively high level, the mobile phone can continue to control the wireless link to go to sleep.

[0105] Specifically, if the sleep duration of the station corresponding to the second wireless link reaches the second preset duration, the mobile phone wakes up the station of the second wireless link. For example, the power of the station of the second wireless link is turned on. If the load information of the second wireless link indicates that the load of the second wireless link is less than the second preset load, data is transmitted on the second wireless link. If, after waking up the station of the second wireless link, the load information of the second wireless link indicates that the load of the second wireless link is greater than the first preset load, the mobile phone controls the second wireless link to enter the sleep state.

[0106] The above second preset duration can be set according to the actual application scenario or requirements. For example, the second preset duration can be set to values such as 1 second and 3 seconds. The above second preset load can be set according to the actual application scenario or requirements. For example, taking the channel utilization rate as an example to represent the load, the second preset load can be set to values such as 50%, 60%, and 80%. The second preset load can be the same as or different from the above first preset load.

[0107] Exemplarily, taking the channel utilization rate as the load, the second preset duration is 1 second, and the second preset load is 60% as an example. After a wireless link (such as the second wireless link) enters the sleep state, the mobile phone can record the sleep duration of the wireless link entering the sleep state. If the sleep duration reaches the second preset duration of 1 second, the mobile phone wakes up the wireless link and receives the Beacon frame sent by the router on this wireless link. The mobile phone can obtain the channel utilization rate of this wireless link from the received Beacon frame. If the channel utilization rate of this wireless link is less than the second preset load of 80%, the mobile phone resumes data transmission on this wireless link and no longer controls this wireless link to sleep. If the channel utilization rate of this wireless link is greater than the first preset load (such as 80%), the mobile phone controls this wireless link to sleep.

[0108] It can be understood that when a station in the mobile phone is in the sleep state, the mobile phone will no longer transmit data on the wireless link corresponding to this station. As a result, it is difficult for the mobile phone to receive the Beacon frame broadcast by the router through this wireless link and difficult to obtain the load information of this wireless link. Therefore, after the mobile phone sleeps a certain station for a certain duration, it can wake up this station and receive the load information of this wireless link through the wireless link corresponding to this station.

[0109] In some implementation manners, in order to reduce the power consumption caused by the mobile phone frequently sleeping and waking up stations, the time interval (i.e., the above-mentioned second preset duration) for the mobile phone to wake up a station after the station sleeps can be in a proportional relationship with the number of consecutive sleeps of this station.

[0110] Exemplarily, as Figure 7 shown, when the sleep duration of a station entering the sleep state for the first time reaches 1 second, the mobile phone wakes up this station and receives the load information of this wireless link through the wireless link corresponding to this station. If the load of this wireless link is greater than the first preset load, the mobile phone controls this station to sleep. When the sleep duration of this station entering the sleep state for the second time reaches 2 seconds, the mobile phone wakes up this station and receives the load information of this wireless link through the wireless link corresponding to this station. If the load of this wireless link is still greater than the first preset load, the mobile phone controls this station to sleep. When the sleep duration of this station entering the sleep state for the third time reaches 3 seconds, the mobile phone wakes up this station. It can be seen that the time interval for waking up the station after each time the station enters the sleep state extends as the number of consecutive sleeps of this station increases. In this way, the mobile phone can reduce the number of times of waking up the station and minimize the power consumption of the mobile phone to the greatest extent.

[0111] In the embodiments of the present application, the router carries the load information of the corresponding wireless link in the Beacon frame broadcast on each wireless link. The mobile phone can select the wireless link for data transmission based on the load information obtained on each wireless link respectively. In this embodiment, if the mobile phone wants to obtain the load information of each wireless link, the stations corresponding to each wireless link need to be in the working state.

[0112] In some other embodiments, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the mobile phone, the router sends the load information of each wireless link on each of the multiple wireless links. In this way, the mobile phone can obtain the load information corresponding to multiple wireless links respectively through one wireless link.

[0113] Exemplarily, still taking the router including 3 access points (such as access point 1, access point 2, and access point 3) as an example. As Figure 8 shown, access point 1 works on wireless link 1 corresponding to the 2.4 GHz band. Access point 2 works on wireless link 2 corresponding to the 5 GHz band. Access point 3 works on wireless link 3 corresponding to the 6 GHz band. The router periodically broadcasts Beacon frames on the wireless links corresponding to each access point. Each Beacon frame carries the load information of each wireless link, that is, each Beacon frame carries the load information of wireless link 1 (which can be represented as load information 1), the load information of wireless link 2 (which can be represented as load information 2), and the load information of wireless link 3 (which can be represented as load information 3).

[0114] Next, taking the mobile phone including two stations and the router including two access points as an example, the method provided in this embodiment will be introduced.

[0115] As Figure 9 shown, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps:

[0116] S901, the mobile phone establishes a multi-link connection with the router.

[0117] This step can refer to the content of S401 above and will not be elaborated here.

[0118] S902, the router sends the load information of multiple wireless links on each wireless link respectively. Correspondingly, the mobile phone receives the load information of multiple wireless links on each wireless link.

[0119] The router sends the load information of wireless link 1, the load information of wireless link 2, and the load information of wireless link 3 on wireless link 1, sends the load information of wireless link 1, the load information of wireless link 2, and the load information of wireless link 3 on wireless link 2, and sends the load information of wireless link 1, the load information of wireless link 2, and the load information of wireless link 3 on wireless link 3. For example, the router can periodically broadcast Beacon frames on each wireless link. The load information of each wireless link is carried in the Beacon frames broadcast on each wireless link. Taking the beacon period of 102.4 milliseconds as an example, the router broadcasts Beacon frames on wireless link 1, wireless link 2, and wireless link 3 every 102.4 milliseconds respectively, and each Beacon frame carries the load information of wireless link 1, the load information of wireless link 2, and the load information of wireless link 3.

[0120] In some implementations, the load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency underutilization rate, and spatial stream underutilization rate. The process for the router to determine the load information of each wireless link can refer to the content of S402 above and will not be elaborated here.

[0121] S903. The mobile phone determines a first wireless link among multiple wireless links according to the load information of each wireless link.

[0122] S904. The mobile phone transmits data on the first wireless link among multiple wireless links.

[0123] The above S903 - S904 can refer to the content of S403 - S404 above and will not be elaborated here.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present application, the router can broadcast the load information of multiple wireless links on each wireless link. The mobile phone can select the first wireless link with a smaller load among multiple wireless links connected to the router to transmit data, thereby reducing the probability of collision between the data packets sent by the mobile phone and the data packets of other terminal devices or communication devices, reducing the retransmission of data packets, and reducing the delay of data transmission.

[0125] In some implementations of this embodiment, if the second wireless link is in a high-load state within the first preset duration, the station corresponding to the second wireless link is controlled to enter the sleep state, and the load indicated by the load information of the wireless link in the high-load state is greater than the first preset load. After the second wireless link enters the sleep state, if the load information received by the mobile phone through other wireless links indicates that the load of the second wireless link has recovered to a relatively low level, such as the channel utilization rate of the second wireless link is less than the second preset load, the mobile phone can wake up the station of the second link and resume data transmission on this wireless link. If the load information of the second wireless link indicates that the load of this wireless link is still at a relatively high level, such as the channel utilization rate of the second wireless link is greater than the first preset load, the mobile phone can keep the second wireless link in the sleep state.

[0126] In this way, even if the mobile phone does not wake up the wireless link in the sleep state, it can obtain the load information of the wireless link in the sleep state. In this way, the mobile phone can reduce the frequent waking up of the sleeping wireless link, save the power consumption of the mobile phone, and improve the battery life of the mobile phone.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, the router can broadcast the load information of multiple wireless links on each wireless link. In this way, when the mobile phone is a multi-link device, as long as there is one working wireless link among the multiple wireless links connected to the router, the mobile phone can obtain the load information of all wireless links. When the mobile phone is not a multi-link device, the mobile phone can only communicate with the router through one wireless link at the same time. In this case, the mobile phone can obtain the load information of all wireless links without scanning the links. If the load of the current wireless link is large, or the data transmission rate of the current wireless link is low, the mobile phone can roam to other wireless links and transmit data through other wireless links. It can be seen that the method provided by the embodiments of the present application can provide an effective reference for data transmission and improve the efficiency of data transmission.

[0128] In some other embodiments of the present application, a terminal device is further provided, including: a communication interface and one or more processors. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The communication interface is used for data transmission, and the processor is used for running computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the terminal device can execute each function or step in the above method embodiments. Of course, the terminal device may further include other hardware structures. For example, the terminal device further includes hardware structures such as sensors. The structure of this terminal device can refer to Figure 3 the structure of the communication device 300 shown.

[0129] In some other embodiments of the present application, a network device is further provided, including: a communication interface and one or more processors. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The communication interface is used to transmit data, and the processor is used to run computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the network device can perform each function or step in the above method embodiments. Of course, the network device may further include other hardware structures. For example, the network device further includes a hardware structure such as a switching chip. The structure of the terminal device may refer to Figure 3 the structure of the communication device 300 shown.

[0130] In some other embodiments of the present application, a data transmission system is further provided. The data transmission system includes: a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device can perform each function or step in the above method embodiments, and the network device can perform each function or step in the above method embodiments.

[0131] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, which is applied to a terminal device or a network device. The chip system includes at least one processor and at least one interface circuit. The processor and the interface circuit can be interconnected by a line. For example, the interface circuit can be used to receive signals from other devices (such as a memory). For another example, the interface circuit can be used to send signals to other devices (such as a processor). Exemplarily, the interface circuit can read instructions stored in the memory and send the instructions to the processor. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the terminal device or the network device can perform each step in the above embodiments. Of course, the chip system may further include other discrete devices, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereto.

[0132] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes computer instructions. When the computer instructions run on the above terminal device, the terminal device or the network device is enabled to perform each function or step in the above method embodiments.

[0133] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform each function or step in the above method embodiments. For example, the computer may be the above terminal device or network device.

[0134] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, only the above division of each functional module is used for illustration. In practical applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0135] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0136] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or they can be distributed to multiple different places. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0137] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the functional units can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0138] If the above-mentioned integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0139] The above content is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, applied to a terminal device, the terminal device supports transmitting data with a network device through multiple wireless links, and the method includes: receiving load information of the multiple wireless links; wherein, the load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link; based on the load information of the multiple wireless links, transmitting data on a first wireless link among the multiple wireless links, wherein the load of the first wireless link is less than the loads of other wireless links among the multiple wireless links.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the receiving the load information of the multiple wireless links includes: for each wireless link of the multiple wireless links, receiving the load information of the wireless link through the wireless link; or, receiving the load information of the multiple wireless links through one wireless link among the multiple wireless links.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, the load information is carried in a beacon frame.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, the terminal device includes multiple stations, each station corresponds to a wireless link; the multiple wireless links include a second wireless link; the method further includes: if the second wireless link is in a high load state within a first preset duration, controlling the station corresponding to the second wireless link to enter a sleep state, wherein the load of the wireless link in the high load state is greater than a first preset load.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the method further includes: if the load of the second wireless link is less than a second preset load, waking up the station of the second wireless link.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the method further includes: if the sleep duration for which the station corresponding to the second wireless link enters the sleep state reaches a second preset duration, waking up the station of the second wireless link; if the load of the second wireless link is less than a second preset load, transmitting data through the second wireless link.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, the load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency unutilization rate, and spatial stream unutilization rate.

8. A data transmission method, characterized in that, applied to a network device, the network device supports transmitting data with a terminal device through multiple wireless links; the method includes: acquiring load information of the multiple wireless links, wherein the load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link; sending the load information of the multiple wireless links.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, the sending the load information of the multiple wireless links includes: for each wireless link of the multiple wireless links, sending the load information of the wireless link through the wireless link; or, for each wireless link of the multiple wireless links, sending the load information of the multiple wireless links through the wireless link.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The load information is carried in a beacon frame.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, wherein, the load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency underutilization rate, and spatial stream underutilization rate.

12. A data transmission method, wherein, applied to a terminal device and a network device, the terminal device supports transmitting data with the network device through multiple wireless links, and the method includes: The network device obtains the load information of the multiple wireless links and sends the load information of the multiple wireless links; wherein, the load information of the wireless link is used to indicate the load of the wireless link; The terminal device receives the load information of the multiple wireless links, and based on the load information of the multiple wireless links, transmits data on a first wireless link among the multiple wireless links, wherein the load of the first wireless link is less than the loads of other wireless links among the multiple wireless links.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, the network device sending the load information of the multiple wireless links includes: for each wireless link of the multiple wireless links, the network device sends the load information of the wireless link through the wireless link, or the network device sends the load information of the multiple wireless links through the wireless link; the terminal device receiving the load information of the multiple wireless links includes: for each wireless link of the multiple wireless links, the terminal device receives the load information of the wireless link through the wireless link, or the terminal device receives the load information of the multiple wireless links through the wireless link.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, the load information is carried in a beacon frame.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein, the terminal device includes multiple stations, each station corresponding to a wireless link; the multiple wireless links include a second wireless link; the method further includes: If the second wireless link is in a high-load state within a first preset duration, the terminal device controls the station corresponding to the second wireless link to enter a sleep state, wherein the load of the wireless link in the high-load state is greater than a first preset load.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, the method further includes: If the load of the second wireless link is less than a second preset load, the terminal device wakes up the station of the second wireless link.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein, the method further includes: If the sleep duration for which the station corresponding to the second wireless link enters the sleep state reaches a second preset duration, the terminal device wakes up the station of the second wireless link; If the load of the second wireless link is less than a second preset load, the terminal device transmits data through the second wireless link.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12-17, wherein, The load information includes at least one of channel utilization rate, frequency unutilization rate, and spatial stream unutilization rate.

19. A terminal device, characterized in that it includes: a communication interface and one or more processors; the communication interface is coupled to the processor; the communication interface is used for data transmission; the processor is used for running a computer program or instruction, and when the computer program or instruction is executed by the processor, the terminal device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

20. A network device, characterized in that it includes: a communication interface and one or more processors; the communication interface is coupled to the processor; the communication interface is used for data transmission; the processor is used for running a computer program or instruction, and when the computer program or instruction is executed by the processor, the network device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 8-11.

21. A data transmission system, characterized in that the data transmission system includes: the terminal device according to claim 19 and the network device according to claim 20.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it includes computer instructions, and the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs. When the computer instructions or programs are run on a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1-7 is caused to be executed, or the method according to any one of claims 8-11 is caused to be executed, or the method according to any one of claims 12-18 is caused to be executed.

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