An intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system and method based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system and method based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi. By setting up a gas meter terminal, an edge computing terminal, a routing terminal, a cloud platform, and a management terminal, the transmission of gas data is realized, and the operation status and analysis results of the gas meter are intuitively displayed, facilitating the staff to timely understand the equipment operation situation and make corresponding decisions, receive external control instructions, and achieve remote management. At the same time, during the data transmission process, data encryption transmission is adopted, digital signatures and hash value verification are set to ensure the security and integrity of the data during transmission, effectively preventing data leakage and tampering; a multi-mode hybrid communication module is set up to realize the hybrid communication of SparkLink and Wi-Fi for intelligent gas meters, which can monitor the changes in transmission data in real time, intelligently select the transmission channel according to the transmission quality, set up a buffer for data storage, and achieve seamless connection between SparkLink short-distance communication and Wi-Fi wide-area transmission, solving the problem of signal penetration in enclosed spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hybrid communication technologies, and more specifically, to an intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system and method based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi. Background Art

[0002] Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent gas meters are widely used in residential buildings and industrial and commercial catering users, with the kitchen scenario accounting for more than 65%. In the kitchen environment, there are problems such as signal shielding caused by metal cabinets (attenuation of more than 30 dB) and failure of NB-IoT signals to penetrate due to wall occlusion. The average meter reading rate of traditional NB-IoT solutions is low in closed environments, and there are situations where meter readings cannot be taken normally for consecutive days. For users, prepaid users cannot recharge the meter normally due to communication failures, resulting in the gas meter valve being unable to open normally, affecting gas use. For gas companies, it is necessary to conduct on-site communication processing or cancel the prepaid method and manually read the meters on-site, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0003] In the prior art, ZigBee is vulnerable to interference in the 2.4 GHz band and has insufficient protocol adaptability. Although NB-IoT has wide coverage, its power consumption is as high as 150 mA, and there is a contradiction between power consumption and performance. Most solutions do not implement end-to-end encryption, and the security mechanism is weak, resulting in insufficient signal penetration ability in existing closed environments, poor coordination between wide-area coverage and local communication, high maintenance costs, and low response efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system and method based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] Specifically, this application is as follows:

[0006] Provide an intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi, the system includes: a gas meter terminal, an edge computing terminal, a routing terminal, a cloud platform, and a management terminal;

[0007] The gas meter terminal collects the measurement data and device status information data of the gas meter, encrypts and transmits the data through the SparkLink communication module, and receives external control instructions;

[0008] The edge computing terminal receives the data from the gas meter terminal through the SparkLink communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter terminal, uploads the processed data to the routing terminal using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, and sends control instructions to the gas meter terminal at the same time;

[0009] The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and at the same time sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform;

[0010] The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs a deframing operation on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data;

[0011] The management terminal receives the data sent by the cloud platform, displays the running status of the gas meter and the results of data statistical analysis. The management terminal also has a user management function to manage users with different permissions.

[0012] Data encryption transmission through the SparkLink communication module includes: the SparkLink communication module obtains the metering data and the device status information data, splits the data into data blocks according to the SparkLink protocol, encrypts them using the first encryption algorithm, and the encrypted data is transmitted to the edge computing end through the SparkLink communication link; the first encryption algorithm is to generate a random encryption sequence according to the data at the gas meter end, use the SM4 algorithm to obtain the gas ciphertext data and the session key, pre-configure the same session key to the gas meter end and the edge computing end, use the ECC algorithm to encrypt the session key, and the encrypted session key and the ciphertext data are combined into encrypted data. At the same time, a digital signature is generated during the encryption process; the encrypted data and the digital signature are transmitted to the edge computing end through the SparkLink communication link.

[0013] The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the SparkLink communication module, including that after the edge computing end receives the encrypted data and the digital signature, it uses the first decryption algorithm to decrypt the received ciphertext to restore the original data; the first decryption algorithm includes: verifying the digital signature for the gas meter end, decrypting the encrypted session key using the ECC algorithm to obtain the original session key, using the decrypted session key, and decrypting the encrypted ciphertext data according to the SM4 algorithm to finally restore the original data at the gas meter end; the calculation formula for verifying the digital signature for the gas meter end is:

[0014]

[0015] Wherein, represents the coordinates on the verified ellipse, represents the signature of the data, represents the secure Hash function required for the digital signature, F represents the modulo function, represents a prime number that meets the security requirements, represents a known point, represents verification parameters, D represents the product of a random number and a base point on the ellipse, and L represents the signature obtained after verification.

[0016] The multimode hybrid communication module includes: establishing a connection for an intelligent hybrid transmission architecture of gas data based on Wi-Fi communication and SparkLink communication, initially detecting the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection, where the transmission quality includes signal strength and network status, selecting an initial communication transmission route according to the initial detection result, during the data transmission process, real-time detecting the signal strength, packet loss rate, and delay status of the communication line, obtaining the second transmission quality during the transmission process, judging whether a transmission line switch is required according to the intelligent detection result, and performing a transmission line switch when the second transmission quality is not lower than the first transmission quality; dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data to obtain a configured gas data transmission line and performing a transmission path switch; before the switch, storing the gas data in a buffer and recording the first transmission quality; during the switch, temporarily storing the data to be sent using the buffer; after the switch is completed, sending the data in the buffer to the target transmission line; fusing the transmission line data of different communication modalities, recording the information of the transmission line switch in the log of the edge computing end, and sending a notification of the communication line switch to the routing end.

[0017] The first transmission quality for initially detecting the hybrid transmission architecture connection is as follows: the gas meter end and the edge computing end respectively initialize the working parameters in SparkLink communication and Wi-Fi communication, including frequency, channel, and transmit power, scan the surrounding SparkLink and Wi-Fi networks to obtain a list of available networks, and evaluate the signal strength using the received signal strength indication; detecting the delay, packet loss rate, and buffer data volume of the network; constructing a status description of the transmission quality , where RSSI represents the signal strength of the communication line, Delay represents the delay, PacketLoss represents the packet loss rate, and BufferSize represents the buffer data volume; respectively calculating the SparkLink communication quality and the Wi-Fi communication quality according to the status description indicators of the transmission quality, selecting the communication transmission line with higher quality as the initial communication transmission route and determining the first transmission quality, and the first transmission quality calculation formula is: ; where is the weight coefficient; represents the signal strength of the initial communication line, represents the initial delay, represents the initial packet loss rate, represents the initial buffer data volume.

[0018] Real-time detect the signal strength, packet loss rate, and latency status of the communication line, and obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process. The calculation formula for the second transmission quality is: ; where is the weight coefficient; represents the signal strength of the current communication line, represents the current latency, represents the current packet loss rate, represents the current buffer data volume; Define the current action space. The action space represents the transmission line switching action, denoted as A = {SwitchToStar, SwitchToWiFi, Stay}, where SwitchToStar represents switching to SparkLink communication; SwitchToWiFi represents switching to Wi-Fi communication; Stay represents maintaining the current communication line.

[0019] Define the reward function for transmission line switching , and select the optimal transmission line switching through the value of the state-action pair during the line transmission process. First, initialize the value table to store the value numbers of different state-action pairs. During the transmission line switching process, collect rewards and update the value numbers. The calculation formula for updating the value numbers is: , where α represents the learning rate, which controls the fusion ratio of the old and new value numbers; represents the discount factor, which reflects the cumulative value of future rewards; and are the next state and possible actions after performing the line switching action, respectively; According to the old and new value numbers, rewards, and learning rate, select the optimal transmission line and perform the transmission line switching; Dynamically configure the transmission path of the gas data.

[0020] The integrity and consistency verification of the transmitted data through hash value verification is that the edge computing end applies the hash function H to the gas data m to generate the hash value h, and transmits the gas data and the generated hash value h to the routing end. The routing end applies the same hash function H to generate a new hash value , and compares it with the received hash value h: =H( ) If h′ = h, it means that the data is consistent with the original data m, and the data is complete and not tampered with; otherwise, the data may be tampered with or damaged; If data loss or damage is found, immediately send an instruction to the edge computing end to start the retransmission mechanism.

[0021] Displays the current status of the gas meter, and shows the status of each gas meter through color coding. Green indicates normal, yellow indicates warning, and red indicates failure; manages users with different permissions, including hierarchical user management, and divides users into administrator users, operator users, and ordinary users.

[0022] The present invention also provides a hybrid communication method for intelligent gas meters based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi, which is applied to the above-mentioned hybrid communication system for intelligent gas meters based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi. The method includes:

[0023] The gas meter terminal collects the metering data and device status information data of the gas meter, encrypts and transmits the data through the SparkLink communication module, and receives external control instructions;

[0024] The edge computing terminal receives the data from the gas meter terminal through the SparkLink communication module, decrypts, preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter terminal, uploads the processed data to the routing terminal by using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, and simultaneously sends control instructions to the gas meter terminal;

[0025] The routing terminal receives the data uploaded by the edge computing terminal through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, simultaneously sends management instructions to the edge computing terminal, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform;

[0026] The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, deeply analyzes and processes the data, performs a deframing operation on the received data, extracts the metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data;

[0027] The management terminal receives the data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and the results of data statistical analysis, and manages users with different permissions.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. By setting up a multi-mode hybrid communication module, the present invention realizes the hybrid communication of intelligent gas meters between SparkLink and Wi-Fi, can monitor the change of transmission data in real time, intelligently select the transmission channel according to the transmission quality, set up a buffer for data storage, and realize the seamless connection between SparkLink short-distance communication and Wi-Fi wide-area transmission, solving the problem of signal penetration in enclosed spaces;

[0030] 2. During the gas data transmission process, data encryption transmission is adopted, digital signatures and hash value verification are set to ensure the security and integrity of the data during transmission, effectively preventing data leakage and tampering. Among them, the edge computing end performs preliminary data processing and analysis, reducing the amount of data, improving the efficiency of data transmission, and also reducing the burden on the cloud platform;

[0031] 3. The management terminal intuitively displays the operating status and analysis results of the gas meter, facilitating the staff to timely understand the equipment operating conditions and make corresponding decisions; at the same time, the user management function makes the system more secure and easier to manage; the system can monitor the operating status of the gas meter in real time and receive external control instructions to achieve remote management, improving the management efficiency and response speed. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid communication system for intelligent gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a hybrid communication method for intelligent gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] The following will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a hybrid communication system for intelligent gas meters based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi, and the system includes: a gas meter end, an edge computing end, a routing end, a cloud platform, and a management terminal;

[0037] The gas meter end collects the measurement data and device status information data of the gas meter, performs data encryption transmission through the StarFlash communication module, and receives external control instructions;

[0038] The measurement data includes gas consumption, gas flow rate, cumulative gas consumption, gas usage duration, and pressure value; the device status information data includes communication status, device fault information, device temperature, device operation time, and valve status;

[0039] Performing data encryption transmission through the StarFlash communication module includes: the StarFlash communication module obtains the measurement data and the device status information data, divides the data into data blocks according to the StarFlash protocol, encrypts the data using the first encryption algorithm, and the encrypted data is transmitted to the edge computing end through the StarFlash communication link;

[0040] The first encryption algorithm is to generate a random encryption sequence based on the data at the gas meter end, use the SM4 algorithm to obtain the gas ciphertext data and the session key, pre-configure the same session key to the gas meter end and the edge computing end, use the ECC algorithm to encrypt the session key, and combine the encrypted session key with the ciphertext data into encrypted data. At the same time, a digital signature is generated during the encryption process; the encrypted data and the digital signature are transmitted to the edge computing end through the SparkLink communication link; generating the digital signature during the encryption process includes: using a secure Hash function to obtain the hash function corresponding to the data at the gas meter end, and then combining the parameters generated by the elliptic curve, randomly selecting integers and prime numbers to complete the digital signature;

[0041] The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the SparkLink communication module, decrypts and preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, and sends control instructions to the gas meter end at the same time;

[0042] The edge computing end receiving the data from the gas meter end through the SparkLink communication module includes that after the edge computing end receives the encrypted data and the digital signature, it uses the first decryption algorithm to decrypt the received ciphertext and restore the original data;

[0043] The first decryption algorithm includes: verifying the digital signature of the gas meter end, using the ECC algorithm to decrypt the encrypted session key to obtain the original session key, using the decrypted session key, and decrypting the encrypted ciphertext data according to the SM4 algorithm to finally restore the original data at the gas meter end;

[0044] The calculation formula for digital signature verification is:

[0045] where, represents the coordinates on the verified ellipse, represents the signature of the data, represents the secure Hash function required for the digital signature, F represents the modulo function, represents a prime number that meets the security requirements, represents a known point, represents the verification parameter, D represents the product of the random number and the base point on the ellipse, and L represents the signature obtained after verification;

[0046] Preliminarily processing and analyzing the data sent by the gas end includes cleaning the data, removing the noise and error information in the data, filtering out the metering data that obviously exceeds the reasonable range or the device status information data with format errors, and at the same time checking the integrity and consistency of the data, and marking or supplementing the missing data items;

[0047] The multi-mode hybrid communication module includes: establishing a connection for an intelligent hybrid transmission architecture of gas data based on Wi-Fi communication and SparkLink communication, initially detecting the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection, where the transmission quality includes signal strength and network status, selecting an initial communication transmission route according to the initial detection result, during the data transmission process, real-time detecting the signal strength, packet loss rate, and latency status of the communication line, obtaining the second transmission quality during the transmission process, judging whether a transmission line switch is required according to the intelligent detection result, and switching the transmission line when the second transmission quality is not lower than the first transmission quality; dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data to obtain a configured gas data transmission line and performing a transmission path switch; before the switch, storing the gas data in a buffer and recording the first transmission quality; during the switch, temporarily storing the data to be sent using the buffer; after the switch is completed, sending the data in the buffer to the target transmission line; fusing the transmission line data of different communication modes, recording the information of the transmission line switch in the log of the edge computing end, and sending a notification of the communication line switch to the routing end; sending a control instruction to the gas meter end, including generating a corresponding control instruction according to the management instruction of the cloud platform, where the control instruction includes reading metering data, starting or stopping gas metering, updating the gas meter software, and adjusting device parameters;

[0048] Further, the intelligent hybrid transmission architecture of the present invention adapts to different communication modes, including any two combinations of communication modes such as Wi-Fi, SparkLink, Bluetooth mesh, and cellular network (4G / 5G), and specific limitations are not made here;

[0049] Specifically, the first transmission quality for initially detecting the hybrid transmission architecture connection is: the gas meter end and the edge computing end respectively initialize the working parameters in SparkLink communication and Wi-Fi communication, including frequency, channel, and transmit power, scan the surrounding SparkLink and Wi-Fi networks, obtain a list of available networks, and evaluate the signal strength using the received signal strength indication; detect the latency, packet loss rate, and buffer data volume of the network; construct a status description of the transmission quality , where RSSI represents the signal strength of the communication line, Delay represents the latency, PacketLoss represents the packet loss rate, and BufferSize represents the buffer data volume; calculate the SparkLink communication quality and Wi-Fi communication quality respectively according to the status description indicators of the transmission quality, select the communication transmission line with higher quality as the initial communication transmission route and determine the first transmission quality, and the first transmission quality calculation formula is: ; where is the weight coefficient; represents the signal strength of the initial communication line, represents the initial latency, represents the initial packet loss rate, represents the buffer data volume;

[0050] Real-time detect the signal strength, packet loss rate, and latency status of the communication line, and obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process. The calculation formula for the second transmission quality is: ; where is the weight coefficient; represents the signal strength of the current communication line, represents the current latency, represents the current packet loss rate, represents the current buffer data volume; Define the current action space. The action space represents the transmission line switching action, denoted as A = {SwitchToStar, SwitchToWiFi, Stay}, where SwitchToStar represents switching to StarFlash communication; SwitchToWiFi represents switching to Wi-Fi communication; Stay represents maintaining the current communication line;

[0051] Define the reward function for transmission line switching , and select the optimal transmission line switching through the value of the state-action pair during the line transmission process. First, initialize the value table to store the value numbers of different state-action pairs. During the transmission line switching process, collect rewards and update the value numbers. The calculation formula for updating the value numbers is: , where α represents the learning rate, which controls the fusion ratio of the old and new value numbers; represents the discount factor, which reflects the cumulative value of future rewards; and are the next state and possible actions after performing the line switching action respectively; Select the optimal transmission line according to the old and new value numbers, rewards, and learning rate, and perform the transmission line switching; Dynamically configure the transmission path of the gas data;

[0052] The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and at the same time sends management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform;

[0053] The hash value verification is that the edge computing end applies the hash function H to the gas data m to generate the hash value h, and transmits the gas data and the generated hash value h to the routing end. The routing end applies the same hash function H to the received original data to generate a new hash value , and compares with the received hash value h: =H( ) If h′ = h, it means the data It is consistent with the original data m, and the data is complete and not tampered with; otherwise, the data may be tampered with or damaged; if data loss or damage is found, immediately send an instruction to the edge computing end to start the retransmission mechanism;

[0054] Encapsulating the data according to the protocol and format and transmitting the data to the cloud platform includes: formatting the data into JSON or other lightweight formats and encapsulating the data using the WebSocket protocol;

[0055] Sending management instructions to the edge computing end includes data collection instructions: commanding the edge computing end to collect specific data, such as "reading the gas meter measurement data"; data processing instructions: instructing the edge computing end to perform specific processing on the collected data, such as "performing hourly aggregation on the measurement data"; device management instructions: related to the management of edge computing devices, such as "restarting the edge computing device".

[0056] The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs a deframing operation on the received data, extracts the measurement data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data;

[0057] Screening key data from the measurement data includes: gas consumption, gas usage duration, gas flow rate, gas usage duration, device operation time, valve status; abnormal data includes: abnormal gas flow rate, abnormal gas consumption, abnormal valve status, abnormal device temperature;

[0058] Specifically, when screening key data from the measurement data, for example, using the monthly gas consumption upper limit set by the user as the threshold to screen data with gas volume usage reaching a certain threshold, and screening data with longer gas usage duration according to continuous gas usage exceeding a certain time; when extracting key status information from the device status information data, it includes the battery power being lower than a certain threshold, such as set to 20%, the device temperature exceeding the normal working range, such as lower than -20°C or higher than 60°C, and abnormal communication status data, such as the signal strength being lower than a certain threshold or the connection being interrupted;

[0059] When performing abnormal detection on the measurement data, for example, judging whether the gas flow rate has a sudden change through statistical analysis methods, or judging whether the gas usage pattern is abnormal through time series analysis. Common methods include calculating statistical quantities such as the mean and standard deviation of the data to judge whether the data is within the normal range, or using machine learning algorithms, such as the isolation forest algorithm, to build an abnormal detection model, training and predicting the data to identify abnormal data, which is not specifically limited here; when performing abnormal judgment on the device status information data, it includes the occurrence of device failure information and abnormal valve status, such as the valve should be open but is not open;

[0060] The management terminal receives the data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and the results of data statistical analysis. The management terminal also has a user management function to manage users with different permissions.

[0061] Receive the gas meter operation data and statistical analysis results sent by the cloud platform, and display the current status of the gas meter, such as normal operation, low battery warning, equipment failure; display the status of each gas meter by color coding, green indicates normal, yellow indicates warning, and red indicates failure; set the alarm thresholds for key indicators, such as the threshold of gas volume usage and the threshold of battery power, and set the alarm rules; display the statistical information of gas consumption in the form of charts, such as the trend charts of daily gas consumption, monthly gas consumption, and annual gas consumption.

[0062] Conduct user hierarchical management, and divide users into administrator users, operator users, and ordinary users; the administrator users have the highest authority of the system, manage other users, configure system parameters, view all data and reports; the operator users have limited permissions, view and process the operating status of the gas meter, generate and export reports; the ordinary users can only view the gas meter data related to them, such as residential users can only view their own gas usage.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] As Figure 2 shown, the present invention also provides a hybrid communication method for an intelligent gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi, which is applied to the above-mentioned hybrid communication system for an intelligent gas meter based on StarFlash and Wi-Fi. The method includes:

[0065] The gas meter terminal collects the metering data and equipment status information data of the gas meter, performs data encryption transmission through the StarFlash communication module, and receives external control instructions.

[0066] The edge computing terminal receives the data from the gas meter terminal through the StarFlash communication module, decrypts and preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter terminal, and uploads the processed data to the routing terminal by using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, and at the same time sends control instructions to the gas meter terminal.

[0067] The routing terminal receives the data uploaded by the edge computing terminal through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, and at the same time sends management instructions to the edge computing terminal, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform.

[0068] The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs a deframing operation on the received data, extracts metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data;

[0069] The management terminal receives the data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and the results of data statistical analysis, and manages users with different permissions.

[0070] In the specification provided herein, a large number of specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0071] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, the combination of features of different embodiments means within the scope of the present invention and forms different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

Claims

1. A hybrid communication system for intelligent gas meters based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi, characterized in that, The system includes: a gas meter end, an edge computing end, a routing end, a cloud platform, and a management terminal; The gas meter end collects the metering data and device status information data of the gas meter, performs data encryption transmission through the SparkLink communication module, and receives external control instructions; The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the SparkLink communication module, decrypts and preliminarily processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the gas meter end; The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, sends management instructions to the edge computing end at the same time, encapsulates the data according to the protocol and format, and transmits the data to the cloud platform; The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs a deframing operation on the received data, extracts the metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data; The management terminal receives the data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and the data statistical analysis results. The management terminal also has a user management function to manage users with different permissions.

2. The intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 1, wherein Data encryption transmission through the SparkLink communication module includes: the SparkLink communication module obtains the metering data and the device status information data, divides the data into data blocks according to the SparkLink protocol, encrypts them using the first encryption algorithm, and transmits the encrypted data to the edge computing end through the SparkLink communication link; the first encryption algorithm is to generate a random encryption sequence according to the gas meter end data, use the SM4 algorithm to obtain the gas ciphertext data and the session key, pre-configure the same session key to the gas meter end and the edge computing end, use the ECC algorithm to encrypt the session key, combine the encrypted session key with the ciphertext data to form encrypted data, and generate a digital signature during the encryption process at the same time; transmit the encrypted data and the digital signature to the edge computing end through the SparkLink communication link.

3. The hybrid communication system for intelligent gas meters based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 1, wherein The edge computing end receiving the data from the gas meter end through the SparkLink communication module includes that after receiving the encrypted data and the digital signature, the edge computing end uses the first decryption algorithm to decrypt the received ciphertext to restore the original data; The first decryption algorithm includes: verifying the digital signature of the gas meter end, decrypting the encrypted session key using the ECC algorithm to obtain the original session key, using the decrypted session key, decrypting the encrypted ciphertext data according to the SM4 algorithm, and finally restoring the original data of the gas meter end; the calculation formula for verifying the digital signature of the gas meter end is: Among them, represents the coordinates on the verified ellipse, represents the signature of the data, represents the secure Hash function required for digital signature, D represents the modulo operation function, represents a prime number that meets the security requirements, represents a known point, represents the verification parameter, R represents the product of a random number and the base point on the ellipse, L represents the signature obtained after verification.

4. The intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 3, wherein The multi-mode hybrid communication module includes: establishing a connection for an intelligent hybrid transmission architecture of gas data based on Wi-Fi communication and SparkLink communication, initially detecting the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection, where the transmission quality includes signal strength and network status, selecting an initial communication transmission route according to the initial detection result, during data transmission, real-time detecting the signal strength, packet loss rate, and latency status of the communication line to obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process, judging whether a transmission line switch is needed according to the intelligent detection result, and switching the transmission line when the second transmission quality is not lower than the first transmission quality; dynamically configuring the transmission path of the gas data to obtain the configured gas data transmission line and performing a switch of the transmission path; before switching, storing the gas data in a buffer and recording the first transmission quality; during the switching process, temporarily storing the data to be sent using the buffer; after the switching is completed, sending the data in the buffer to the target transmission line; fusing the transmission line data of different communication modalities, recording the information of the transmission line switch in the log of the edge computing end, and sending a notification of the communication line switch to the routing end.

5. The intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 4, wherein The initial detection of the first transmission quality of the hybrid transmission architecture connection is as follows: The gas meter end and the edge computing end respectively initialize the working parameters in the SparkLink communication and Wi-Fi communication, including frequency, channel, and transmit power, scan the surrounding SparkLink and Wi-Fi networks, obtain the available network list, and evaluate the signal strength using the received signal strength indication; detect the network latency, packet loss rate, and buffer data volume; construct a status description of the transmission quality. , where represents the signal strength of the communication line, represents the latency, represents the packet loss rate, represents the buffer data volume; calculate the SparkLink communication quality and Wi-Fi communication quality respectively according to the status description indicators of the transmission quality, select the communication transmission line with high quality as the initial communication transmission route and determine the first transmission quality. The first transmission quality calculation formula is: ; where , , , are weight coefficients; represents the signal strength of the initial communication line, represents the initial latency, represents the initial packet loss rate, represents the initial buffer data volume.

6. The hybrid communication system of an intelligent gas meter based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 5, wherein, Real-time detect the signal strength, packet loss rate, and latency status of the communication line to obtain the second transmission quality during the transmission process. The calculation formula for the second transmission quality is: ; where , , , are weight coefficients; represents the signal strength of the current communication line, represents the current latency, represents the current packet loss rate, represents the current buffer data volume; Define the current action space. The action space represents the transmission line switching action, denoted as A = {SwitchToStar, SwitchToWiFi, Stay}, where SwitchToStar represents switching to SparkLink communication; SwitchToWiFi represents switching to Wi-Fi communication; Stay represents maintaining the current communication line.

7. A hybrid communication system for intelligent gas meters based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 6, characterized in that, Define the reward function for transmission line switching , and select the optimal transmission line switching based on the value of the state-action pairs during the line transmission. First, initialize the value table to store the value numbers of different state-action pairs. During the transmission line switching process, collect rewards and update the value numbers. The calculation formula for updating the value numbers is: , where α represents the learning rate, which controls the fusion ratio of the old and new value numbers; represents the discount factor, which reflects the cumulative value of future rewards; and are the next state and possible actions after performing the line switching action, respectively; Select the optimal transmission line according to the new and old value numbers, rewards, and learning rate, and perform a switch of the transmission line; dynamically configure the transmission path of the gas data.

8. The intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 1, wherein, The integrity and consistency verification of the transmitted data through hash value verification means that the edge computing end applies the hash function H to the gas data m to generate a hash value h, and transmits the gas data and the generated hash value h to the routing end. The routing end applies the same hash function H to the received original data to generate a new hash value , and compares it with the received hash value h: h' = H( ) If h' = h, it means that the data is consistent with the original data m, and the data is complete and not tampered with; otherwise, the data may be tampered with or damaged; If data loss or damage is found, immediately send an instruction to the edge computing end to start the retransmission mechanism.

9. The intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi according to claim 1, characterized in that Display the current status of the gas meter, show the status of each gas meter by color coding, with green indicating normal, yellow indicating warning, and red indicating failure; manage users with different permissions, including hierarchical user management, dividing users into administrator users, operator users, and ordinary users.

10. A hybrid communication method for intelligent gas meters based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi, characterized in that, Applied to an intelligent gas meter hybrid communication system based on SparkLink and Wi-Fi as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method includes: The gas meter end collects the metering data and device status information data of the gas meter, performs data encryption transmission through the SparkLink communication module, and receives external control instructions. The edge computing end receives the data from the gas meter end through the SparkLink communication module, decrypts and initially processes and analyzes the data sent by the gas meter end, and uploads the processed data to the routing end using the multi-mode hybrid communication module, while sending control instructions to the gas meter end. The routing end receives the data uploaded by the edge computing end through the multi-mode hybrid communication module, performs integrity and consistency verification on the transmitted data through hash value verification, while sending management instructions to the edge computing end, encapsulating the data according to the protocol and format, and transmitting the data to the cloud platform. The cloud platform receives the transmitted data, performs in-depth analysis and processing on the data, performs a deframing operation on the received data, extracts the metering data and device status information data, extracts key data and abnormal data detection according to preset rules and thresholds, and stores the data. The management terminal receives the data sent by the cloud platform, displays the operating status of the gas meter and the data statistical analysis results, and manages users with different permissions.

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