Energy absorption structure, preparation method and lightning protection seat

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of armored vehicles, in particular to an energy absorption structure, a preparation method and a lightning protection seat, the energy absorption structure comprises an elastic porous structure body, the elastic porous structure body is provided with a plurality of filling holes, and the filling holes are filled with nanometer energy absorption fluid; a plurality of elastic support bodies are embedded in the elastic porous structure body; an inner packaging layer and an outer packaging layer are sequentially packaged outside the elastic porous structure body; the outer packaging layer is a polyurea material packaging layer, and the inner packaging layer is a silica gel packaging layer. When the armored vehicle is impacted by landmine explosion, the impact load acts on the energy absorption structure, the packaging layer deforms, energy is transmitted to the internal structure of the packaging layer, and the internal structure absorbs the energy; when the impact load is finished, the elastic porous structure body and the elastic supporting body pull the whole energy absorption structure to rebound, preparation is made for next-time energy absorption, and therefore a driver can resist continuous impact multiple times, and the problem that an existing energy absorption structure is poor in impact resistance effect and repeated energy absorption effect is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of armored vehicles, and specifically to an energy absorption structure, a preparation method, and a mine-proof seat. Background Art

[0002] The explosion of landmines at the bottom of armored vehicles has become one of the common causes of soldier casualties in modern warfare. How to reduce the impact acceleration and force in the landmine explosion environment on the crew and protect the safety of the personnel inside the vehicle has received increasing attention. In order to reduce the damage caused by the impact acceleration caused by landmine explosions to personnel, a mine-proof seat equipped with a buffer energy absorption element is one of the important safety components of armored vehicles. Especially when the vehicle is blown up and then falls again, due to the damage of the vehicle seat and its anti-explosion energy absorption device, the vehicle and the crew bear a greater repeated impact than the first explosion. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the stiffness of the seat frame, improving the energy absorption capacity of the seat and the repeated protection of the seat energy absorption structure is of great significance for the protection of the crew inside the vehicle during the explosion process.

[0003] Traditional energy absorption materials include spring-damping type, hydraulic type, and thin-walled crushing type structures. The energy consumption of traditional metal materials based on metal collapse structures absorbs energy through plastic deformation. However, this energy absorption method cannot repeatedly cope with continuous explosion impacts and has a limited stroke. The American company TSI has developed an active anti-vibration seat based on magnetorheological fluid. The damping force of magnetorheological fluid can be adjusted steplessly, with a fast response speed and can significantly reduce the vibration amplitude. However, due to the poor anti-settling property, short lifespan, high material price, and complex application of magnetorheological fluid. Nanofluids are intelligent materials formed by uniformly dispersing nanoparticles in a base fluid. Their rheological properties can be quickly adjusted by external stimuli, with advantages such as high energy absorption density and performance designability, and are expected to be applied to the energy absorption structure of mine-proof seats. However, the external flexible material and fluid material of this energy absorption structure are usually encapsulated with adhesives, and the bonding part is prone to de-bonding during use, and the fluid is prone to leakage, which not only affects the energy absorption performance but also cannot resist continuous impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problems of poor anti-impact effect and repeated energy absorption effect of the energy absorption structure in the prior art, the present invention provides an energy absorption structure, a preparation method, and a mine-proof seat.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides an energy absorption structure, including an elastic porous structure body. The elastic porous structure body is provided with a plurality of filling holes, and the filling holes are filled with a nano energy absorption fluid; a plurality of elastic support bodies are embedded inside the elastic porous structure body; an inner encapsulation layer and an outer encapsulation layer are sequentially encapsulated outside the elastic porous structure body; the outer encapsulation layer is a polyurea material encapsulation layer, and the inner encapsulation layer is a silica gel encapsulation layer.

[0006] Optionally, the elastic support is a thermoplastic polyurethane rubber support.

[0007] Optionally, the nano energy-absorbing fluid is a mixed fluid of an inorganic non-metallic porous material and a functional fluid.

[0008] Optionally, the elastic porous structure is a polyurethane elastomer.

[0009] The preparation method of the energy-absorbing structure as described above includes: Pour the nano energy-absorbing fluid into the filling hole of the elastic porous structure with an elastic support embedded inside, and encapsulate it with silica gel to obtain an energy-absorbing elastomer with an inner encapsulation layer on the surface; Prepare EDA ketimine using methyl isobutyl ketone and ethylenediamine; Prepare component A using isocyanate and polyether polyol; Prepare component B using amino-terminated polyether and amine chain extender; Mix EDA ketimine, component A and component B to generate a polyurea group; Spray the polyurea group on the surface of the energy-absorbing elastomer to form an outer encapsulation layer, obtaining an energy-absorbing structure.

[0010] Optionally, by mass, the mass ratio of methyl isobutyl ketone to ethylenediamine is (20 - 30):(6 - 8); The mass ratio of the isocyanate to the polyether polyol is (25 - 35):(42 - 48); The mass ratio of the amino-terminated polyether to the amine chain extender is (35 - 40):(15 - 20).

[0011] Optionally, the mass ratio of the EDA ketimine, component A to component B is (0.3 - 0.4):1:0.6.

[0012] A lightning protection seat includes a seat frame, a seat cushion is arranged on the seat frame, and the energy-absorbing structure as described above is embedded inside the seat cushion.

[0013] Optionally, it further includes a suspension and a bottom slide rail. The suspension connects the top of the seat frame and the top of the vehicle cockpit, and the slide rail slidably connects the seat frame to the bottom of the vehicle cockpit for limiting the seat frame in the vehicle cockpit in cooperation with the suspension.

[0014] Optionally, it further includes a protection component, and the protection component is arranged on the seat frame for protecting the driver.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: An energy-absorbing structure of the present invention includes an elastic porous structure body, and a number of filling holes are provided in the elastic porous structure body, and a nano energy-absorbing fluid is filled in the filling holes; a number of elastic support bodies are embedded inside the elastic porous structure body; an inner encapsulation layer and an outer encapsulation layer are sequentially encapsulated outside the elastic porous structure body; the outer encapsulation layer is a polyurea material encapsulation layer, and the inner encapsulation layer is a silica gel encapsulation layer. When the armored vehicle is impacted by a thunderbolt, most of the energy will be conducted to the buffer energy-absorbing structure. Under the action of an external load, the energy-absorbing structure first absorbs the initial impact energy through the elastic deformation of the elastic porous structure body, then absorbs part of the energy through the structural collapse of the filling holes, and finally, the nano energy-absorbing fluid filled in the filling holes generates viscous energy dissipation through shear flow in the pore channels to absorb most of the remaining energy, realizing the stepped dissipation of impact energy under the coupling action of multiple physical fields, thereby realizing the protection of the armored vehicle crew. Among them, the elastic support bodies inside the elastic porous structure body can, when the filling holes collapse and absorb energy, assist in absorbing energy through deformation, and at the same time, can help the overall structure quickly rebound to the initial state after the external load is applied, preparing for the next energy absorption. On the one hand, it provides support for the overall structure to prevent collapse and improves the seat comfort, and on the other hand, the structure can quickly rebound to the initial structure after the loading ends, which is beneficial to repeated energy absorption; combined with the inner silica gel encapsulation layer and the outer polyurea material encapsulation layer, it can effectively absorb energy while having a strong interface anti-shear function, which can effectively prevent the leakage of the nano energy-absorbing fluid, thereby further enhancing the role of repeated energy absorption and providing a stable foundation for resisting continuous impacts. This energy-absorbing structure is simple, fully considers the repeated impacts during the driving of the armored vehicle, has strong anti-impact, good repeatability, flame retardant and other functions, is convenient to install, has good energy-consuming protection effect, and provides an important guarantee for combat safety.

[0016] The elastic support body is a thermoplastic polyurethane rubber support body. The thermoplastic polyurethane rubber support body and the elastic porous structure body form a biphasic viscoelastic system, which can effectively dominate the energy dissipation, absorb the impact energy, and at the same time provide additional damping, and quickly recover using its shape memory to prepare for the next impact, ensuring the multi-impact protection performance. At the same time, it has anti-aging, high low-temperature rebound rate, and resistance to media, so that the energy-absorbing structure has a longer service life and better energy-absorbing performance.

[0017] The nano energy-absorbing fluid is a mixed fluid of inorganic non-metallic porous materials and functional fluids. The inorganic non-metallic porous materials have a sub-micron capillary channel network, and functional fluids such as shear thickening fluid (STF) and magnetorheological fluid (MRF) can flow freely in the sub-micron capillary channel network of the inorganic non-metallic porous materials. Viscous energy consumption is generated by friction on the pore surface, and it has a better energy absorption retention rate. It can dissipate impact energy by integrating energy consumption paths such as pore collapse, fluid shear, interfacial friction, and material fracture. At the same time, it has good process compatibility to support 3D printing and vacuum fluid perfusion, with a short forming cycle. The rigid porous framework formed by the two synergizes with the molecular-mesoscopic scale of the intelligent fluid, breaking through the limitation of the traditional energy-absorbing material dominated by "plastic deformation", and providing a new solution with both high energy consumption density and dynamic self-adaptability for the anti-explosion design of armored vehicles.

[0018] The material of the elastic porous structure is polyurethane elastomer. The surface energy of polyurethane is similar to that of the nano energy-absorbing fluid, and the two have better interfacial bonding strength, which can effectively inhibit fluid desorption. At the same time, the polyurethane elastomer has better temperature adaptability, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, and strong damping, making the energy-absorbing structure have better adaptability and longer service life for complex environments.

[0019] The preparation method of the energy-absorbing structure as described above. In this method, a nano energy-absorbing fluid is poured into the filling holes of an elastic porous structure internally embedded with an elastic support body, and then encapsulated with silica gel to obtain an energy-absorbing elastomer with an inner encapsulation layer on its surface. Then, EDA ketimine is prepared using methyl isobutyl ketone and ethylenediamine, component A is prepared using isocyanate and polyether polyol, and component B is prepared using amino-terminated polyether and an amine chain extender. Finally, EDA ketimine, component A, and component B are mixed to generate a polyurea group and sprayed on the surface of the energy-absorbing elastomer to form an outer encapsulation layer, thus obtaining the energy-absorbing structure. This method constructs a basic energy-absorbing elastomer by pouring a nano energy-absorbing fluid into the filling holes of the elastic porous structure and encapsulating it with silica gel. In this basic energy-absorbing elastomer, the nano energy-absorbing fluid can generate viscous energy dissipation through shear flow when subjected to impact. The silica gel encapsulation layer not only has a certain buffering and energy-absorbing effect and can cooperate to absorb the initial impact energy, but also provides the first protection barrier for the internal nano energy-absorbing fluid. Using the good flexibility and sealing performance of silica gel, it can effectively prevent the nano energy-absorbing fluid from leaking during the use of the energy-absorbing structure, ensure that the nano energy-absorbing fluid is always in a stable pore environment, maintain its energy-absorbing performance, extend the service life of the energy-absorbing structure, and ensure that it can still stably play an energy-absorbing role under repeated impacts. Subsequently, spraying a polyurea group to form an outer encapsulation layer further enhances the energy-absorbing characteristics of the energy-absorbing structure and provides a second protection barrier for the internal nano energy-absorbing fluid. Using the excellent mechanical properties of the polyurea material, especially its strong interfacial anti-shearing ability, it can effectively resist the shear force generated by the external impact load on the energy-absorbing structure, prevent the structure from failing due to shear damage, further improve the reliability and stability of the energy-absorbing structure in a complex impact environment, effectively prevent the leakage of the nano energy-absorbing fluid. Through the mutual cooperation of the inner encapsulation layer and the outer encapsulation layer, the inner silica gel encapsulation layer mainly seals and protects the nano energy-absorbing fluid, while the outer polyurea encapsulation layer focuses on enhancing the overall strength and anti-shearing ability of the structure. The double-layer encapsulation improves the protection performance of the energy-absorbing structure from different angles, enabling it to cope with a wider and more complex range of impact scenarios. This preparation method is carried out step by step. First, the basic structure of the energy-absorbing elastomer is constructed, and then a polyurea group is generated through a specific reaction for outer encapsulation. It can accurately control the energy-absorbing characteristics of each layer of material, achieve a stepped energy absorption of multi-stage and multi-physical field coupling from elastic deformation, structural collapse to fluid viscous energy dissipation, effectively cope with impacts of different intensities and types, while improving the repeated energy absorption of the energy-absorbing structure, and protecting the armored vehicle crew to the greatest extent.

[0020] A lightning protection seat, comprising a seat frame, a seat cushion is arranged on the seat frame, and the above-mentioned energy absorption structure is embedded inside the seat cushion. Since the above-mentioned energy absorption structure is integrated inside the seat cushion of this lightning protection seat, when the armored vehicle encounters explosion impacts such as thunderstorms, the energy absorption structure inside the seat cushion responds quickly. The elastic porous structure first undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing the initial impact energy like a spring under pressure, and preventing a large amount of energy from being instantaneously transmitted to the occupant's body. Subsequently, the filling hole structure collapses to further absorb part of the energy, just like a building structure undergoing local deformation under pressure to disperse the force; and the nano energy absorption fluid undergoes shear flow in the pores to generate viscous energy dissipation, absorbing most of the remaining energy; this multi-stage, multi-physical field coupling energy dissipation method significantly reduces the impact force transmitted to the occupant, effectively reducing serious injuries such as fractures and internal organ injuries caused by the impact to the occupant. The elastic support body assists in absorbing energy through its own deformation when the filling hole structure collapses, enhancing the overall energy absorption effect. At the same time, when the external load disappears, the elastic support body helps the energy absorption structure quickly rebound to the initial state, preparing for the next energy absorption. This ensures that under continuous impacts that the armored vehicle may encounter, the lightning protection seat can always provide reliable protection, avoiding a decline in protection performance due to the inability of the structure to recover from deformation, and continuously reducing the possibility of the occupant being injured. This lightning protection seat achieves all-round shock absorption and buffering for the occupant, has a stable structure, is simple to install and convenient to maintain, provides an important guarantee for combat safety, and helps improve the survival ability and combat effectiveness of the armored vehicle on the battlefield.

[0021] The lightning protection seat further includes a suspension and a bottom slide rail. The suspension connects the top of the seat frame and the top of the vehicle cockpit, and the slide rail slidably connects the seat frame to the bottom of the vehicle cockpit, and is used to cooperate with the suspension to limit the seat frame within the vehicle cockpit. The setting of the suspension can connect the top of the seat frame and the top of the vehicle cockpit. When the armored vehicle encounters explosion impacts such as thunderstorms, the impact force generated by the explosion will act on the vehicle from multiple directions. The setting of the suspension can absorb and disperse the impact energy transmitted from the top through elastic deformation, reducing the impact force directly acting on the seat frame and the occupant's head top, and reducing the risk of head injury, such as avoiding craniocerebral injury caused by a strong impact on the head. The bottom slide rail slidably connects the seat frame to the bottom of the vehicle cockpit. When the impact comes from below the vehicle, such as the upward impact force generated by a landmine explosion, the slide rail allows the seat frame to generate a certain displacement in the vertical direction. During the sliding process of the seat frame on the slide rail, part of the impact energy is consumed through friction and relative movement, effectively reducing the damage to the occupant's buttocks, spine and internal organs caused by the bottom impact, and reducing the occurrence probability of serious injuries such as fractures, spinal injuries and internal organ ruptures.

[0022] The lightning protection seat further includes a protection component, which is arranged on the seat frame and used to protect the driver. The protection component includes head protection, torso protection and lower limb protection, which can effectively provide all-round further protection for the driver, and can carry out targeted protection against different types of threats, thereby improving the flexibility of the lightning protection seat to cope with complex environments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an energy absorption structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the preparation method of the energy absorption structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a lightning protection seat with the energy absorption structure of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, 1-seat frame, 2-suspension, 3-slide rail, 4-energy absorption structure, 5-cushion, 6-protection component, 7-external encapsulation layer, 8-internal encapsulation layer, 9-elastic porous structure, 10-elastic support, 11-nano energy absorption fluid. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invention product is habitually placed during use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" are understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The following further describes the present invention in detail with specific embodiments, which is an explanation rather than a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] See Figure 1 , the present invention discloses an energy-absorbing structure, including an elastic porous structure body 9, an inner encapsulation layer 8, an outer encapsulation layer 7, an elastic support body 10, and a nano energy-absorbing fluid 11; The elastic porous structure body 9 is a polyurethane elastomer, and a number of filling holes are provided inside; The mixed fluid of the inorganic non-metallic porous material and the functional fluid, the functional fluid is placed inside the capillary channel network of the inorganic non-metallic porous material; the nano energy-absorbing fluid 11 is filled in the filling holes of the elastic porous structure body 9; The elastic support body 10 is a thermoplastic polyurethane rubber support body and is embedded inside the elastic porous structure body 9; the inner encapsulation layer 8 and the outer encapsulation layer 7 are sequentially encapsulated outside the elastic porous structure body 9 for effectively encapsulating the internal structure; the outer encapsulation layer 7 is a polyurea material encapsulation layer, and the inner encapsulation layer 8 is a silica gel encapsulation layer. Preferably, the elastic support body 10 is a cylindrical support structure arranged in a square shape and penetrates through the elastic porous structure body 9.

[0035] The energy absorption principle of the above energy absorption structure is as follows: when the armored vehicle is impacted by a landmine explosion, the impact load acts on the energy absorption structure, causing the inner encapsulation layer 8 and the outer encapsulation layer 7 to deform. The energy is transferred to the internal elastic porous structure 9, the elastic support 10, and the nano energy absorption fluid 11. The elastic porous structure 9 and the elastic support 10 undergo elastic deformation and structural collapse to absorb energy. The functional liquid in the nano energy absorption fluid 11 penetrates into the pores of the nano particle material and is converted into solid-liquid interface energy and frictional energy production. When the impact load ends, the functional fluid seeps out of the pores of the inorganic non-metallic porous material, and the elastic porous structure 9 and the elastic support 10 pull the entire energy absorption structure back to its original shape to prepare for the next energy absorption, thereby protecting the driver from multiple consecutive impacts.

[0036] See Figure 2 , the present invention provides a preparation method of an energy absorption structure as described above, including: S1: Pour the nano energy absorption fluid 11 into the filling holes of the elastic porous structure 9 with an elastic support 10 embedded inside, and encapsulate it with silica gel to obtain an energy absorption elastomer with an inner encapsulation layer 8 on its surface; S2: Prepare EDA ketimine using methyl isobutyl ketone and ethylenediamine; S3: Prepare component A using isocyanate and polyether polyol; S4: Prepare component B using terminal amino polyether and amine chain extender; S5: Mix EDA ketimine, component A, and component B to generate a polyurea group; S6: Spray the polyurea group on the surface of the energy absorption elastomer to form an outer encapsulation layer 7, thereby obtaining the energy absorption structure. Among them, both component A and component B are prepared by the prepolymer method; in the specific operation process, first perform surface treatment on the inner encapsulation layer 8 to ensure its surface is dry and clean, spray a layer of sealing primer, and spray the polyurea group on the surface of the energy absorption elastomer in a high-temperature and high-pressure mixing spraying manner to form the outer encapsulation layer 7.

[0037] The mass ratio of methyl isobutyl ketone to ethylenediamine is (20 - 30):(6 - 8); The mass ratio of the isocyanate to the polyether polyol is (25 - 35):(42 - 48); The mass ratio of the terminal amino polyether to the amine chain extender is (35 - 40):(15 - 20); The mass ratio of the EDA ketimine, component A, and component B is (0.3 - 0.4):1:0.6.

[0038] This method constructs a basic energy-absorbing elastomer by pouring nano energy-absorbing fluid 11 into the filling holes of the elastic porous structure 9 and encapsulating it with silica gel to form an inner encapsulation layer 8. In this basic energy-absorbing elastomer, when the nano energy-absorbing fluid 11 is subjected to impact, viscous energy dissipation is generated through shear flow. The silica gel encapsulation layer not only has a certain buffering and energy-absorbing effect and can cooperate to absorb the initial impact energy, but also provides the first protection barrier for the internal nano energy-absorbing fluid. Using the good flexibility and sealing performance of silica gel, it can effectively prevent the nano energy-absorbing fluid from leaking during the use of the energy-absorbing structure, ensuring that the nano energy-absorbing fluid is always in a stable pore environment, maintaining its energy-absorbing performance, extending the service life of the energy-absorbing structure, and ensuring that it can still stably play an energy-absorbing role under repeated impacts. Subsequently, a polyurea group is sprayed to form an outer encapsulation layer 7, which further enhances the energy-absorbing characteristics of the energy-absorbing structure and provides a second protection barrier for the internal nano energy-absorbing fluid. Using the excellent mechanical properties of the polyurea material, especially the strong interfacial anti-shearing ability, it can effectively resist the shear force generated by the external impact load on the energy-absorbing structure, prevent the structure from failing due to shear damage, further improve the reliability and stability of the energy-absorbing structure in a complex impact environment, and effectively prevent the leakage of the nano energy-absorbing fluid. Through the mutual cooperation of the inner encapsulation layer and the outer encapsulation layer, the inner silica gel encapsulation layer mainly seals and protects the nano energy-absorbing fluid, while the outer polyurea encapsulation layer focuses on enhancing the overall strength and anti-shearing ability of the structure. The double-layer encapsulation improves the protection performance of the energy-absorbing structure from different angles, enabling it to cope with a wider and more complex range of impact scenarios. This preparation method is carried out step by step. First, the basic structure of the energy-absorbing elastomer is constructed, and then a polyurea group is generated through a specific reaction for outer encapsulation. It can accurately control the energy-absorbing characteristics of each layer of material, realize a stepped energy absorption of multi-stage and multi-physical field coupling from elastic deformation, structural collapse to fluid viscous energy dissipation, effectively cope with impacts of different intensities and types, while improving the repeated energy absorption of the energy-absorbing structure, and maximizing the protection of armored vehicle occupants.

[0039] See Figure 3 , the present invention provides a lightning protection seat, including a seat frame 1, a suspension 2, a bottom slide rail 3 and a protection component 6; a seat cushion 5 is arranged on the seat frame 1, and the above-mentioned energy-absorbing structure 4 is embedded inside the seat cushion 5.

[0040] The suspension 2 connects the top of the seat frame 1 and the top of the vehicle cockpit, and the slide rail 3 slidably connects the seat frame 1 to the bottom of the vehicle cockpit, and is used to cooperate with the suspension 2 to limit the seat frame 1 in the vehicle cockpit; the protection component 6 is arranged on the seat frame 1 and is used to protect the driver; the protection component 6 protects the head, side and feet.

[0041] When the armored vehicle encounters explosion shocks such as thunderstorms, the energy-absorbing structure 4 in the cushion 5 responds quickly. The elastic porous structure 9 first undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing the initial shock energy like a spring under compression, preventing a large amount of energy from being instantly transmitted to the occupant's body. Subsequently, the collapse of the filling hole structure further absorbs some energy, just like a building structure undergoing local deformation under pressure to disperse the force; while the nano energy-absorbing fluid 11 generates viscous energy dissipation through shear flow in the pores, absorbing most of the remaining energy; the elastic support 10 assists in absorbing energy through its own deformation when the filling hole structure collapses, enhancing the overall energy-absorbing effect. At the same time, when the external load disappears, the elastic support 10 helps the energy-absorbing structure quickly rebound to its initial state, preparing for the next energy absorption. This ensures that under continuous shocks that the armored vehicle may encounter, the anti-explosion seat can always provide reliable protection, preventing the decline in protection performance due to irreversible structural deformation and continuously reducing the possibility of the occupant being injured. The suspension 2 is set to connect the top of the seat frame 1 to the top of the vehicle cockpit. When the armored vehicle encounters explosion shocks such as thunderstorms, the impact force generated by the explosion acts on the vehicle from multiple directions. The suspension 2 can absorb and disperse the impact energy transmitted from the top through elastic deformation, reducing the impact force directly acting on the seat frame 1 and the occupant's head top, and reducing the risk of head injury, such as preventing traumatic brain injury caused by a strong impact on the head. The bottom slide rail 3 slidably connects the seat frame to the bottom of the vehicle cockpit. When the shock comes from below the vehicle, such as the upward impact force generated by a landmine explosion, the slide rail allows the seat frame to displace vertically to a certain extent. During the sliding of the seat frame 1 on the slide rail, part of the shock energy is consumed through friction and relative movement, effectively reducing the damage to the occupant's buttocks, spine, and internal organs caused by the bottom shock, and reducing the occurrence probability of serious injuries such as fractures, spinal injuries, and internal organ ruptures. The protection component includes head protection, torso protection, and lower limb protection, which can effectively provide the driver with all-round further protection, and can carry out targeted protection against different types of threats, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the anti-explosion seat in dealing with complex environments; this anti-explosion seat realizes all-round shock absorption and buffering for the occupant, has a stable structure, is easy to install and maintain, provides an important guarantee for combat safety, and helps improve the survival ability and combat effectiveness of the armored vehicle on the battlefield.

[0042] In summary, the present invention provides an energy absorption structure, a preparation method and a lightning protection seat. By designing a multi-step energy dissipation mechanism, an intelligent rebound structure and a packaging mechanism, it breaks through the traditional single-stage energy absorption mode. Through the multi-physical field collaboration of materials-structures-fluids, a dynamically responsive intelligent protection system is formed, providing an innovative solution for the armor vehicle protection technology. It fully considers the repeated impacts during the driving of the armored vehicle, has functions such as strong anti-impact, good repeatability, flame retardancy, etc., is easy to install, has a good energy consumption protection effect, provides an important guarantee for combat safety, and solves the problems of poor anti-impact effect of the existing armored vehicle seats, inability to repeatedly absorb energy, and easy leakage of the existing nano energy absorption fluid modules.

[0043] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the technical solutions of the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art should understand that without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, the technical solutions can be modified and replaced simply in several ways, and these modifications and replacements also fall within the protection scope covered by the claims.

Claims

1. An energy absorbing structure, characterized in that: It comprises an elastic porous structure, which is provided with a plurality of filling holes, in which nano energy-absorbing fluid is filled; a plurality of elastic supporting bodies are embedded inside the elastic porous structure; the elastic porous structure is externally encapsulated with an inner encapsulation layer and an outer encapsulation layer in sequence; the outer encapsulation layer is a polyurea material encapsulation layer, and the inner encapsulation layer is a silica gel encapsulation layer.

2. The energy absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support body is a thermoplastic polyurethane rubber support body.

3. The energy absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano energy-absorbing fluid is a mixed fluid of inorganic non-metallic porous material and functional fluid.

4. The energy absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic porous structure is a polyurethane elastomer.

5. The method for preparing the energy absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: In the filling hole of the elastic porous structure with the elastic support body embedded inside, the nano energy-absorbing fluid is poured, and the nano energy-absorbing fluid is encapsulated with silica gel to obtain an energy-absorbing elastic body with an inner encapsulation layer encapsulated on the surface; Prepared from methyl isobutyl ketone and ethylenediamine, EDA ketimine; Using isocyanate and polyether polyol, prepare component A: Component B is prepared by using amino-terminated polyether and amine chain extender; Mixing EDA ketimine, component A and component B to form a polyurea group; The polyurea group is sprayed on the surface of the energy absorbing elastomer to form an outer packaging layer to obtain an energy absorbing structure.

6. The method for preparing the energy absorbing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In terms of mass fractions, the mass ratio of methyl isobutyl ketone to ethylenediamine is (20-30): (6-8); The mass ratio of the isocyanate to the polyether polyol is (25-35):(42-48); The mass ratio of the amino-terminated polyether to the amine chain extender is (35-40): (15-20).

7. The method of energy absorbing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the EDA ketimine, component A and component B is (0.3-0.4):1:0.

6.

8. A lightning protection seat, characterized in that: It comprises a seat frame, on which a seat cushion is arranged, and inside of the seat cushion is embedded the energy absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

9. The lightning protection seat according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a suspension and a bottom slide rail, wherein the suspension is connected to the top of the seat frame and the top of the vehicle cabin, and the slide rail slidably connects the seat frame to the bottom of the vehicle cabin, and is used to cooperate with the suspension to limit the seat frame in the vehicle cabin.

10. The lightning protection seat according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a protection component, which is arranged on the seat frame and is used to protect the driver.

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