Array antenna, navigation equipment and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an array antenna, navigation equipment and a manufacturing method, and belongs to the field of antennas. The array antenna comprises a base, a feed network and a plurality of antenna units, the feed network is connected to the base, the plurality of antenna units are connected to the feed network, and the plurality of antenna units are distributed at intervals; the antenna unit comprises a supporting assembly, a radiation sheet assembly, a first parasitic sheet and at least one second parasitic sheet, the supporting assembly is connected to the feed network, the radiation sheet assembly is electrically connected with the feed network, the first parasitic sheet is connected to one end, deviating from the feed network, of the supporting assembly, the radiation sheet assembly is connected to the supporting assembly, and the second parasitic sheet is electrically connected with the first parasitic sheet. The second parasitic piece is arranged on the side, away from the supporting assembly, of the first parasitic piece, the second parasitic piece and the first parasitic piece are distributed in a stacked mode and connected, and a first gap is formed between the second parasitic piece and the first parasitic piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of antennas, and specifically relates to an array antenna, a navigation device, and a manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, satellite navigation and positioning equipment is increasingly used in fields such as positioning, measurement, timing, high-precision agriculture and intelligent transportation. And with the development of navigation systems, antennas are required to meet working requirements while being as small as possible, that is, antennas and other single devices are required to develop in the direction of miniaturization, high gain, and dual circular polarization. In order to reduce weight, the existing array antenna generally adopts the design method of microstrip array antenna. However, in the related technology, the gain of the array antenna is relatively small. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an array antenna, a navigation device and a manufacturing method, which at least solve the problem of low gain of the array antenna.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an array antenna, the array antenna comprising: a base, a feeding network, and a plurality of antenna units;

[0005] The feed network is connected to the base, the plurality of antenna units are all connected to the feed network, and the plurality of antenna units are distributed at intervals;

[0006] The antenna unit includes a supporting component, a radiating plate component, a first parasitic plate and at least one second parasitic plate, the supporting component is connected to the feeding network, the first parasitic plate is connected to one end of the supporting component away from the feeding network, the radiating plate component is connected to the supporting component, and the radiating plate component is electrically connected to the feeding network, the second parasitic plate is arranged on a side of the first parasitic plate away from the supporting component, and the second parasitic plate is stacked and connected to the first parasitic plate, and a first gap is provided between the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate.

[0007] Optionally, the antenna unit further includes at least one first non-metallic pad;

[0008] At least one of the first non-metallic pads is located between the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate, so that a first gap exists between the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate.

[0009] Optionally, the plane where the first parasitic plate is located is parallel to the plane where the feeding network is located.

[0010] Optionally, the number of the second parasitic sheets is plural, the plural second parasitic sheets are stacked and distributed, and there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets. There is a first gap between the lowermost second parasitic sheet among the plural stacked second parasitic sheets and the first parasitic sheet.

[0011] Wherein, each second parasitic sheet is connected to the first parasitic sheet.

[0012] Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a plurality of second non-metallic pads.

[0013] At least one of the second non-metallic pads is disposed between two adjacent second parasitic sheets, so that there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets.

[0014] Optionally, at least one of the plural second parasitic sheets is provided with a first through hole, and the central axis of the first through hole is collinear with the center line of the second parasitic sheet.

[0015] Optionally, the support assembly has an inclined surface, and there is a first included angle between the inclined surface and the plane where the feed network is located. The radiation sheet assembly is disposed on the inclined surface, so that there is the first included angle between the radiation sheet assembly and the feed network.

[0016] Optionally, the support assembly includes a plurality of support members, and the radiation sheet assembly includes a plurality of radiation sheets.

[0017] The plural support members are distributed in a surrounding manner, each support member is provided with a sub-inclined surface, and one radiation sheet is disposed on one sub-inclined surface.

[0018] There is the first included angle between the sub-inclined surface and the plane where the feed network is located, so that there is the first included angle between the radiation sheet and the feed network.

[0019] Optionally, the shape of the radiation sheet is triangular.

[0020] Optionally, the array antenna further includes a feed probe.

[0021] The radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feed network through the feed probe.

[0022] Optionally, the feed probe includes a connecting piece and a connecting column.

[0023] One end of the connecting column is connected to the connecting piece, and there is a third included angle between the axial direction of the connecting column and the plane where the connecting piece is located. The connecting piece is connected to the radiation sheet, and the connecting column is connected to the feed network, so that the radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feed network.

[0024] Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a plurality of non-metallic connectors;

[0025] One of the non-metallic pads, one of the second parasitic elements, and the first parasitic element are connected by at least one of the non-metallic connectors.

[0026] Optionally, the array antenna further includes a plurality of non-metallic gaskets;

[0027] One of the non-metallic connectors passes through one of the non-metallic gaskets, and the non-metallic gasket is located on one side of the second parasitic element.

[0028] Optionally, a second through hole is provided in the middle of the first parasitic element, and the center line of the second through hole is collinear with the center line of the first parasitic element.

[0029] Optionally, the plane where the first parasitic element is located is parallel to the plane where the feeding network is located.

[0030] Optionally, the feeding network includes a circuit board and a feeding circuit layer provided on the circuit board;

[0031] The feeding circuit layer is located on the surface of the circuit board facing away from the base, and the feeding circuit layer is electrically connected to the radiation element assembly.

[0032] Optionally, the array antenna further includes a connector, and the connector is electrically connected to the feeding network.

[0033] Optionally, the operating frequency band of the array antenna covers 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz.

[0034] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a navigation device, which includes a navigation body and the array antenna according to any one of the first aspects above;

[0035] The array antenna is installed on the navigation device.

[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a manufacturing method for manufacturing the array antenna according to any one of the first aspects above. The array antenna includes a radiation element assembly, a first parasitic element, a second parasitic element, and a feeding probe. The radiation element assembly includes a plurality of radiation elements, and there is a first included angle between the radiation element and the feeding network. The manufacturing method includes:

[0037] Based on the target resonant frequency band, determine the parameters of the radiation plate and the parameters of the first parasitic plate, the parameters of the radiation plate include the size of the radiation plate and the first angle between the radiation plate and the feeding network, the parameters of the first parasitic plate include the size of the first parasitic plate, the distance between the first parasitic plate and the feeding network, and the size of the second through hole on the first parasitic plate;

[0038] Determining parameters of the second parasitic piece so that the gain of the array antenna reaches a maximum value, the parameters of the second parasitic piece including a size of the second parasitic piece;

[0039] determining parameters of the feeding probe;

[0040] Determine the line width and line length of each microstrip line in the feed line layer on the circuit board to determine the size of the feed network, and determine the size of the base based on the size of the feed network;

[0041] The radiation plate, the feeding network, the feeding probe, the first parasitic plate, the second parasitic plate and the base are assembled to form the array antenna.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, since the feed network is connected to the base, multiple antenna units are connected to the feed network, the support assembly is connected to the feed network, the radiation sheet assembly is connected to the support assembly, and the radiation sheet assembly is electrically connected to the feed network, the second parasitic sheet is arranged on the side of the first parasitic sheet away from the support assembly, and the second parasitic sheet and the first parasitic sheet are stacked and distributed, and there is a first gap between the second parasitic sheet and the first parasitic sheet, therefore, the first parasitic sheet and the second parasitic sheet can increase the coupling capacitance of the array antenna, thereby increasing the gain of the array antenna, reducing the volume of the array antenna, and reducing the resonant frequency of the array antenna. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the second parasitic sheet on the side of the first parasitic sheet away from the support assembly, and the second parasitic sheet and the first parasitic sheet are stacked and distributed, and there is a first gap between the second parasitic sheet and the first parasitic sheet, the gain of the array antenna can be effectively increased by the first parasitic sheet and the second parasitic sheet, and the resonant frequency of the array antenna can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A top view of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 2 An axonometric diagram showing an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 It shows one of the side views of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 The second side view of an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 5 The exploded view of an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of a radiation patch provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 7 The side view of a radiation patch provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 8 The front view of a support provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 9 The side view of a support provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of a base provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 11 The side view of a base provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 12 The schematic diagram of a feed network provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 13 The schematic diagram of a first parasitic patch provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 14 The front view of a feed probe provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 15 The side view of a feed probe provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 16 The flowchart of a manufacturing method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 17 The impedance schematic diagram of the first stage in a feed network provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 18 The impedance schematic diagram of the second stage in a feed network provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Reference numerals:

[0062] 10: Base; 20: Feeding network; 21: Circuit board; 22: Feeding line layer; 30: Antenna element; 31: Support assembly; 32: Radiation patch assembly; 33: First parasitic patch; 34: Second parasitic patch; 311: Support member; 321: Radiation patch; 331: Second through hole; 40: First non-metallic spacer; 50: Feeding probe; 51: Connecting piece; 52: Connecting post; 60: Non-metallic connector; 70: Connector. Detailed implementation manner

[0063] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects. The character " / " generally means an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0064] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0065] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0066] As Figures 1 to 15 shown, the array antenna includes: a base 10, a feeding network 20, and a plurality of antenna elements 30.

[0067] The feeding network 20 is connected to the base 10, and multiple antenna units 30 are all connected to the feeding network 20, and the multiple antenna units 30 are distributed at intervals; the antenna unit 30 includes a supporting component 31, a radiating plate component 32, a first parasitic plate 33 and at least one second parasitic plate 34, the supporting component 31 is connected to the feeding network 20, the first parasitic plate 33 is connected to one end of the supporting component 31 away from the feeding network 20, the radiating plate component 32 is connected to the supporting component 31, and the radiating plate component 32 is electrically connected to the feeding network 20, the second parasitic plate 34 is arranged on a side of the first parasitic plate 33 away from the supporting component 31, and the second parasitic plate 34 is stacked and connected with the first parasitic plate 33, and there is a first gap between the second parasitic plate 34 and the first parasitic plate 33.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, since the feeding network 20 is connected to the base 10, multiple antenna units 30 are all connected to the feeding network 20, the supporting assembly 31 is connected to the feeding network 20, the radiating plate assembly 32 is connected to the supporting assembly 31, and the radiating plate assembly 32 is electrically connected to the feeding network 20, the second parasitic plate 34 is arranged on the side of the first parasitic plate 33 away from the supporting assembly 31, and the second parasitic plate 34 and the first parasitic plate 33 are stacked and connected, and there is a first gap between the second parasitic plate 34 and the first parasitic plate 33. Therefore, the first parasitic plate 33 and the second parasitic plate 34 can increase the coupling capacitance of the array antenna, thereby improving the gain of the array antenna, reducing the volume of the array antenna, and reducing the resonant frequency of the array antenna. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the second parasitic plate 34 is disposed on the side of the first parasitic plate 33 away from the supporting assembly 31, and the second parasitic plate 34 and the first parasitic plate 33 are stacked and distributed, and a first gap is provided between the second parasitic plate 34 and the first parasitic plate 33, so that the gain of the array antenna can be effectively improved and the resonant frequency of the array antenna can be reduced through the first parasitic plate 33 and the second parasitic plate 34.

[0069] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the number of antenna units 30 can be set according to actual needs. For example, the number of antenna units 30 is 4, and for another example, the number of antenna units 30 is 6. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific number of antenna units 30. When there are multiple antenna units 30, the multiple antenna units 30 can be distributed at equal intervals.

[0070] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, by connecting the feeding network 20 to the base 10, the supporting assembly 31 to the feeding network 20, the first parasitic plate 33 to the end of the supporting assembly 31 away from the feeding network 20, and the radiating plate assembly 32 to the supporting assembly 31, it is equivalent to that the feeding network 20 and the antenna unit 30 are located on the same side of the base 10, thereby removing the shielding box required for the conventional antenna and reducing the size of the antenna.

[0071] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the operating frequency band of the array antenna covers 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz. That is, the operating frequency band range of the array antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application is relatively large, so that more requirements can be met, which is conducive to expanding the usage range of the array antenna.

[0072] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the gain of the array antenna can be greater than 11 dBi.

[0073] In addition, in some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the antenna element 30 may further include at least one first non-metallic spacer 40; at least one first non-metallic spacer 40 is located between the second parasitic sheet 34 and the first parasitic sheet 33, so that there is a first gap between the second parasitic sheet 34 and the first parasitic sheet 33.

[0074] Since at least one first non-metallic spacer 40 is located between the second parasitic sheet 34 and the first parasitic sheet 33, it is possible to make the second parasitic sheet 34 abut against the first non-metallic spacer 40, and the first non-metallic spacer 40 abut against the first parasitic sheet 33. Thus, it is equivalent that the first non-metallic spacer 40 supports the second parasitic sheet 34, ensuring that there is a first gap between the second parasitic sheet 34 and the first parasitic sheet 33. That is, by providing the first non-metallic spacer 40, it is possible to effectively ensure that there is a first gap between the second parasitic sheet 34 and the first parasitic sheet 33. In addition, by providing the first non-metallic spacer 40, the first non-metallic spacer 40 will not affect the gain of the array antenna, so that it is possible to ensure that there is a first gap between the first parasitic sheet 33 and the second parasitic sheet 34 on the premise that the gain of the array antenna is not affected.

[0075] It should be noted that the first non-metallic spacer 40 may have opposite ends, and both ends are flat surfaces, so that the flat end can abut against the first parasitic sheet 33, and the second parasitic sheet 34 contacts the other flat end, so that the first parasitic sheet 33 and the second parasitic sheet 34 are parallel.

[0076] In addition, in some embodiments, the plane where the first parasitic sheet 33 is located is parallel to the plane where the feeding network 20 is located. By such a setting, it can help the first parasitic sheet 33 to improve the gain of the array antenna.

[0077] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the shape of the first parasitic sheet 33 may be circular. With the circular first parasitic sheet 33, the effect of the first parasitic sheet 33 in improving the gain of the array antenna is better. Of course, the first parasitic sheet 33 may also be other shapes. For example, the first parasitic sheet 33 is quadrilateral, or for another example, the first parasitic sheet 33 is triangular. The specific shape of the first parasitic sheet 33 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0078] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the shape of the second parasitic element 34 is the same as that of the first parasitic element 33, and the size of the second parasitic element 34 may be equal to the size of the first parasitic element 33. Through such a setting, it can help the first parasitic element 33 and the second parasitic element 34 to improve the gain of the array antenna.

[0079] Of course, in the embodiments of the present application, the shape of the second parasitic element 34 may also be different from that of the first parasitic element 33, and the size of the second parasitic element 34 may also be unequal to the size of the first parasitic element 33. In this regard, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitations here.

[0080] In addition, in some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the antenna element 30 may further include a plurality of non-metallic connectors 60; a non-metallic spacer is connected to a second parasitic element 34 and a first parasitic element 33 through at least one non-metallic connector 60.

[0081] Since a non-metallic spacer is connected to a second parasitic element 34 and a first parasitic element 33 through at least one non-metallic connector 60, therefore, through the non-metallic connector 60, it can be effectively ensured that the second parasitic element 34, the non-metallic spacer, and the first parasitic element 33 are connected, effectively avoiding the problem of easy shaking of the non-metallic spacer, and effectively avoiding the problem of easy detachment of the second parasitic element 34, so as to ensure the stable performance of the array antenna.

[0082] It should be noted that connection holes may be provided on the second parasitic element 34, the first non-metallic spacer 40, and the first parasitic element 33, and the non-metallic connector 60 may be sequentially passed through the connection holes on the second parasitic element 34, the connection holes on the first non-metallic spacer 40, and the connection holes on the first parasitic element 33 to realize the connection of the second parasitic element 34, the first non-metallic spacer 40, and the first parasitic element 33 through the non-metallic connector 60.

[0083] In addition, a first non-metallic spacer 40, a second parasitic element 34, and a first parasitic element 33 may be connected through a plurality of non-metallic connectors 60, and of course, they may also be connected through one non-metallic connector 60. The specific number of non-metallic connectors 60 is not limited in the present application.

[0084] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the non-metallic connector 60 may include but is not limited to non-metallic screws, non-metallic pins, etc. The specific type of the non-metallic connector 60 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. When the non-metallic connector 60 is a non-metallic screw, the non-metallic screw can be fixed by passing a non-metallic nut through the non-metallic screw.

[0085] In addition, in some embodiments, the array antenna may further include a plurality of non-metallic gaskets (not shown in the figure); a non-metallic connecting member 60 passes through a non-metallic gasket, and the non-metallic gasket is located on the side of the second parasitic sheet 34 away from the first non-metallic spacer 40. By such an arrangement, it can effectively avoid the problem that the non-metallic connecting member 60 contacts the surface of the second parasitic sheet 34 away from the first non-metallic spacer 40, resulting in possible stress concentration at the position of the non-metallic connecting member 60 on the surface of the second parasitic sheet 34 away from the first non-metallic spacer 40, or the problem that the surface of the second parasitic sheet 34 away from the first non-metallic spacer 40 may be damaged by the non-metallic connecting member 60. That is, by providing the non-metallic gasket, the second parasitic sheet 34 can be protected on the premise of ensuring that the second parasitic sheet 34 is connected.

[0086] In addition, in some embodiments, the number of the second parasitic sheets 34 is multiple, the multiple second parasitic sheets 34 are stacked and distributed, and there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34; among the stacked multiple second parasitic sheets 34, there is a first gap between the lowermost second parasitic sheet 34 and the first parasitic sheet 33; wherein, each second parasitic sheet 34 is connected to the first parasitic sheet 33.

[0087] Since the multiple second parasitic sheets 34 are stacked and separated, and there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34, therefore, the multiple second parasitic sheets 34 can further improve the gain of the array antenna. In addition, each second parasitic sheet 34 is connected to the first parasitic sheet 33, which can effectively avoid the problem that the second parasitic sheet 34 detaches from the array antenna and ensure the stable performance of the array antenna.

[0088] In addition, in some embodiments, the antenna unit 30 may further include a plurality of second non-metallic spacers (not shown in the figure); at least one second non-metallic spacer is provided between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34 to make there be a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34.

[0089] Since at least one second non-metallic spacer is provided between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34, it can make two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34 respectively abut against the second non-metallic spacer, so that the second non-metallic spacer plays a supporting role on two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34 and ensures that there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34. That is, by providing the second non-metallic spacer, it can effectively ensure that there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34. In addition, by providing the second non-metallic spacer, the second non-metallic spacer will not affect the gain of the array antenna, so that it can ensure that there is a second gap between two adjacent second parasitic sheets 34 on the premise of not affecting the gain of the array antenna.

[0090] It should be noted that when the array antenna includes a non-metal connecting member 60, at this time, connection holes can also be provided on the second non-metal spacer block, so that the non-metal connecting member 60 can pass through the connection holes on the second parasitic sheet 34, then pass through the connection holes on the second non-metal spacer block, and then pass through the connection holes on the first parasitic sheet 33, so that the non-metal connecting member 60 connects the second parasitic sheet 34, the second non-metal spacer block and the first parasitic sheet 33.

[0091] In addition, in some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of second parasitic sheets 34 is provided with a first through hole (not shown in the figure), and the central axis of the first through hole is collinear with the center line of the second parasitic sheet 34. By such a setting, it is equivalent that the first through hole is located at the exact center of the second parasitic sheet 34. Thus, through the first through hole, the resonance frequency of the array antenna can be effectively reduced, and through the first through hole, the mass of the second parasitic sheet 34 can be reduced, and further the mass of the array antenna can be reduced, which helps to make the array antenna lighter. That is, by setting the first through hole, on the one hand, the resonance frequency of the array antenna can be reduced, and on the other hand, the mass of the array antenna can be reduced.

[0092] It should be noted that the first through hole can be provided on each second parasitic sheet 34. Of course, the first through hole can also be provided on the second parasitic sheet 34 close to the first parasitic sheet 33. In this regard, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitations here.

[0093] In addition, in some embodiments, the support assembly 31 has an inclined surface, and there is a first included angle between the inclined surface and the plane where the feeding network 20 is located. The radiation sheet assembly 32 is arranged on the inclined surface so that there is a first included angle between the radiation sheet assembly 32 and the feeding network 20.

[0094] Since the support assembly 31 has an inclined surface and there is a first included angle between the inclined surface and the plane where the feeding network 20 is located, therefore, the radiation sheet assembly 32 can be arranged on the inclined surface, so that there can be a first included angle between the radiation sheet assembly 32 and the feeding network 20, that is, the bandwidth of the array antenna can be effectively broadened through coupled feeding. That is, by providing an inclined surface on the support assembly 31 to make there be a first included angle between the radiation sheet assembly 32 and the feeding network 20, it can help to broaden the bandwidth of the array antenna.

[0095] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the gain of the array antenna can also be adjusted by adjusting the first included angle between the inclined surface and the feeding network 20. That is, by adjusting the value of the first included angle, the effect of adjusting the gain of the array antenna can be achieved.

[0096] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the value of the first included angle can be set according to actual needs. For example, when the number of the first included angles is 45 degrees, at this time, it is equivalent that the included angle between the radiation patch assembly 32 and the feeding network 20 is 45 degrees; for another example, the first included angle is 30 degrees, and at this time, it is equivalent that the included angle between the radiation patch assembly 32 and the feeding network 20 is 30 degrees. The specific value of the first included angle is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0097] In addition, in some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the support assembly 31 may include a plurality of support members 311, and the radiation patch assembly 32 includes a plurality of radiation patches 321; the plurality of support members 311 are distributed in a surrounding manner, and each support member 311 is provided with a sub-inclined surface, and one radiation patch 321 is arranged on one sub-inclined surface; there is a first included angle between the sub-inclined surface and the plane where the feeding network 20 is located, so that there is a first included angle between the radiation patch 321 and the feeding network 20.

[0098] Since the plurality of support members 311 are distributed in a surrounding manner, each support member 311 is provided with a sub-inclined surface, and one radiation patch 321 is arranged on one sub-inclined surface, therefore, it is equivalent to making the plurality of radiation patches 321 distributed in a surrounding manner, which helps to improve the rotational symmetry of the antenna. In addition, there is a first included angle between the sub-inclined surface and the plane where the feeding network 20 is located, so that there is a first included angle between the radiation patch 321 and the feeding network 20, and then it is equivalent that each radiation patch 321 is not parallel to the feeding network 20, and the bandwidth of the array antenna can be effectively broadened through coupled feeding. That is, by distributing the plurality of support members 311 in a surrounding manner and providing a sub-inclined surface on each support member 311, it can not only help to improve the gain of the array antenna, but also help to broaden the bandwidth of the array antenna.

[0099] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, when the array antenna includes a non-metallic connecting member 60, at this time, a connecting hole can also be provided on the support member 311, and a connecting hole can also be provided on the feeding network 20, and then the connecting hole on the second parasitic patch 34, the connecting hole on the first non-metallic spacer 40, the connecting hole on the first parasitic patch 33, the connecting hole on the support member 311, and the connecting hole on the feeding network 20 can be sequentially penetrated by the non-metallic connecting member 60, so that the second parasitic patch 34, the non-metallic spacer, the first parasitic patch 33, the support member 311, and the feeding network 20 are connected together, and it is possible to avoid using other additional connecting members to connect the support member 311 and the feeding network 20, thus saving costs.

[0100] In addition, in some embodiments, the shape of the radiation patch 321 is triangular. With such a setting, the resonant frequency of the array antenna can be effectively reduced through the radiation patch 321, and the gain of the array antenna can be improved.

[0101] Of course, in the embodiments of the present application, the shape of the radiation sheet 321 can also be other shapes. For example, the shape of the radiation sheet 321 is rectangular. For another example, the shape of the radiation sheet 321 is rhombic. The specific shape of the radiation sheet 321 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0102] In addition, in some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the array antenna may further include a feeding probe 50; the radiation sheet 321 is electrically connected to the feeding network 20 through the feeding probe 50.

[0103] Specifically, one end of the feeding probe 50 is electrically connected to the feeding network 20, and the other end of the feeding probe 50 is connected to the radiation sheet 321. By providing the feeding probe 50, it is convenient to electrically connect the feeding line layer 22 and the radiation sheet 321.

[0104] In addition, in some embodiments, as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, the feeding probe 50 may include a connecting piece 51 and a connecting post 52; one end of the connecting post 52 is connected to the connecting piece 51, and there is a third included angle between the axial direction of the connecting post 52 and the plane where the connecting piece 51 is located. The connecting piece 51 is connected to the radiation sheet 321, and the connecting post 52 is connected to the feeding network 20, so that the radiation sheet 321 is electrically connected to the feeding network 20. By setting it in this way, it is convenient for the feeding probe 50 to connect the radiation sheet 321 and the feeding network 20.

[0105] It should be noted that a through hole may be provided on the feeding network 20, and the connecting post 52 may pass through the through hole to be connected to the surface of the feeding network 20 facing away from the first parasitic sheet 33.

[0106] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, when the array antenna includes a non-metallic connecting member 60, at this time, a connecting hole may also be provided on the connecting piece 51, so that the non-metallic connecting member 60 can pass through the connecting hole to connect the connecting piece 51 and the radiation sheet 321.

[0107] In addition, the second included angle may be equal to the first included angle, and the connecting piece 51 may be attached to the surface of the radiation sheet 321, and then the non-metallic connecting member 60 passes through the connecting hole on the connecting piece 51 and the connecting hole on the radiation sheet 321.

[0108] It should be noted that the shape of the connecting piece 51 can be trapezoidal. By the trapezoidal connecting piece 51, it is helpful to improve the gain of the array antenna, and further ensure that the resonance frequency of the array antenna is lower. Of course, the shape of the connecting piece 51 can also be other shapes. For example, the shape of the connecting piece 51 is quadrilateral. For another example, the shape of the connecting piece 51 is triangular. The specific shape of the connecting piece 51 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0109] In addition, in some embodiments, such as Figure 13 As shown, a second through hole 331 is provided in the middle of the first parasitic sheet 33, and the center line of the second through hole 331 is collinear with the center line of the first parasitic sheet 33. Through such a setting, it is equivalent to that the second through hole 331 is located at the exact center of the first parasitic sheet 33. Through this second through hole 331, the mass of the first parasitic sheet 33 can be reduced, and further the mass of the array antenna can be reduced, which helps to make the array antenna lighter.

[0110] In addition, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the feeding network 20 may include a circuit board 21 and a feeding line layer 22 provided on the circuit board 21; the feeding line layer 22 is located on the surface of the circuit board 21 facing away from the base 10, and the feeding line layer 22 is electrically connected to the radiation sheet assembly 32.

[0111] It should be noted that the feeding network 20 may include an output end, and the output end is electrically connected to the radiation sheet assembly 32. When the feeding network 20 includes the circuit board 21 and the feeding line layer 22, at this time, the feeding line layer 22 has an output end, and this output end is electrically connected to the radiation sheet assembly 32.

[0112] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the circuit board 21 has two opposite surfaces. The feeding line layer 22 is provided on one surface, and a copper layer is arranged on the other surface. The copper layer covers the other surface, and the feeding line layer 22 is provided on the surface of the circuit board 21 facing away from the base 10, and a copper layer is arranged on the surface of the circuit board 21 facing the base 10.

[0113] In addition, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the array antenna may further include a connector 70, and the connector 70 is electrically connected to the feeding network 20. Through such a setting, it can be connected to the component to be connected through the connector 70, that is, it is convenient to connect the array antenna to other components.

[0114] It should be noted that the feeding network 20 may have an input end, and the connector 70 is electrically connected to the input end of the feeding network 20.

[0115] The embodiments of the present application provide a navigation device, which includes a navigation body and the array antenna in any one of the above embodiments; the array antenna is installed on the navigation device.

[0116] The embodiments of the present application provide a manufacturing method for manufacturing the array antenna in any one of the above embodiments. The array antenna includes a radiation sheet assembly, a first parasitic sheet, a second parasitic sheet, and a feeding probe. The radiation sheet assembly includes a plurality of radiation sheets, and there is a first included angle between the radiation sheet and the feeding network. As Figure 16 shown, the manufacturing method includes:

[0117] Step 1601: Based on the target resonant frequency band, determine the parameters of the radiation patch and the parameters of the first parasitic patch. The parameters of the radiation patch include the size of the radiation patch and the first angle between the radiation patch and the feeding network. The parameters of the first parasitic patch include the size of the first parasitic patch, the distance between the first parasitic patch and the feeding network, and the size of the second through hole on the first parasitic patch.

[0118] Among them, both the radiation patch and the first parasitic patch affect the gain of the array antenna. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the parameters of the radiation patch and the parameters of the first parasitic patch based on the target resonant frequency band. The parameters of the radiation patch can be the size of the radiation patch and the second angle between the radiation patch and the feeding network. The parameters of the first parasitic patch include the size of the first parasitic patch and the distance between the first parasitic patch and the feeding network. In addition, it is also necessary to determine the shape of the radiation patch.

[0119] In addition, when determining the parameters of the radiation patch and the parameters of the first parasitic patch, a simulation test software can be used for determination. Specifically, after determining the target resonant frequency band, the parameters of the radiation patch and the parameters of the first parasitic patch can be determined by using the simulation test software.

[0120] For example, if the target resonant frequency band is a frequency band covering 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz, then according to the target frequency band, the parameters of the radiation patch and the parameters of the first parasitic patch can be determined by using the simulation test software, etc.

[0121] Step 1602: Determine the parameters of the second parasitic patch to maximize the gain of the array antenna. The parameters of the second parasitic patch include the size of the second parasitic patch.

[0122] Among them, the second parasitic patch also affects the gain of the array antenna. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the parameters of the second parasitic patch. In addition, when determining the parameters of the second parasitic patch, after determining the target resonant frequency band, the gain of the antenna can be simulated through simulation tests, and the parameters of the second parasitic patch can be adjusted in real time until the gain of the antenna reaches the maximum value. At this time, the parameters of the second parasitic patch can be determined. That is, the finally determined parameters of the second parasitic patch can make the gain of the array antenna reach the maximum value.

[0123] Step 1603: Determine the parameters of the feeding probe.

[0124] Among them, when determining the parameters of the feeding probe, the simulation test software can be used to set the resonant frequency of the array antenna within the target resonant frequency band, so as to determine the parameters of the feeding probe by using the simulation test software.

[0125] When the feeding probe includes a connecting piece and a connecting column, the parameters of the feeding probe include the size of the connecting piece and the size of the connecting column. Among them, the size of the connecting column is the diameter of the connecting column.

[0126] Step 1604: Determine the line width and line length of each section of the microstrip line in the power feeding line layer on the circuit board to determine the size of the power feeding network, and determine the size of the base based on the size of the power feeding network.

[0127] Since the power feeding network is installed on the base, the size of the base needs to be determined according to the size of the power feeding network. The most crucial factors in the size of the power feeding network are the line width and line length of each section of the microstrip line. The methods for determining the impedance, line width, and line length of the power feeding network include:

[0128] The center frequency of the power feeding network can be determined based on the target resonance frequency band, and then the thickness and dielectric constant of the circuit board are determined. The power feeding line layer has an input end and an output end, and both the input end and the output end are matched with a 50Ω impedance. Then, the initial values of the line width and line length of each section of the microstrip line can be determined, and then the actual line width and line length of each section of the microstrip line are determined according to the simulation test software.

[0129] Specifically, according to the center frequency, the thickness of the circuit board, the dielectric constant of the circuit board, the input impedance, the output impedance, and the power feeding point position (i.e., the position where the power feeding probe is connected to the power feeding network), the line width and line length of each section of the microstrip line can be obtained.

[0130] For example, assuming that the center frequency of the power feeding network is set at 1.4 GHz and the frequency sweep range is: 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz, combined with Figure 12 the schematic diagram of the power feeding network structure shown in Figure 17 the impedance schematic diagram of the first stage in the power feeding network shown in Figure 18 the impedance schematic diagram of the second stage in the power feeding network shown in, it can be known that:

[0131] The input signal of the first stage is divided into four equal-amplitude and equal-phase signals through three Wilkinson power dividers. The resistor R is an absorption resistor.

[0132] The impedance values, line width, and line length of the first stage of the power feeding network 2 are:

[0133] λg = 126.74 mm;

[0134] Z1 = 70.71Ω, and the line width of the microstrip line is 0.86 mm.

[0135] The input signal of the second stage is divided into four paths through the Wilkinson power divider. The resistor R is an absorption resistor, which increases the isolation of the port and reduces the cross polarization of the antenna. The two signals output by the Wilkinson power divider generate a 180° phase difference through a 180° phase shifter. The two signals then pass through the Wilkinson power divider and are divided into four signals of 180° and 360°. After passing through the 90° phase shifters respectively, four signals with phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° can be generated.

[0136] The impedance values, line widths, and line lengths of each part of the feeding network 2 are as follows:

[0137] λg = 126.74 mm;

[0138] Z1 = 70.71 Ω, the line width of the microstrip line is 0.86 mm;

[0139] Z2 = 63 Ω, the line width of the microstrip line is 1.08 mm;

[0140] Z3 = 81 Ω, the line width of the microstrip line is 0.63 mm;

[0141] Z0 = Z4 = 50 Ω, the line width of the microstrip line is 1.63 mm.

[0142] Set the above values as the initial values. After optimization through simulation tests, the actual line width and line length of each section of the microstrip line are obtained according to the index requirements and the positions of the feeding points.

[0143] Step 1605: Assemble the radiation patch, feeding network, feeding probe, first parasitic patch, second parasitic patch, and the base to form an array antenna.

[0144] Among them, after determining the sizes of the radiation patch, feeding network, feeding probe, second parasitic patch, first parasitic patch, and the base, the radiation patch, feeding network, feeding probe, second parasitic patch, first parasitic patch, and the base can be assembled to form an array antenna.

[0145] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0146] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An array antenna, characterized in that: The array antenna comprises: a base, a feeding network and a plurality of antenna units; The feed network is connected to the base, the plurality of antenna units are all connected to the feed network, and the plurality of antenna units are distributed at intervals; The antenna unit includes a supporting component, a radiating plate component, a first parasitic plate and at least one second parasitic plate, the supporting component is connected to the feeding network, the first parasitic plate is connected to one end of the supporting component away from the feeding network, the radiating plate component is connected to the supporting component, and the radiating plate component is electrically connected to the feeding network, the second parasitic plate is arranged on a side of the first parasitic plate away from the supporting component, and the second parasitic plate is stacked and connected to the first parasitic plate, and a first gap is provided between the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate.

2. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna unit further includes at least one first non-metallic spacer; At least one of the first non-metallic pads is located between the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate, so that a first gap exists between the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate.

3. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plane where the first parasitic plate is located is parallel to the plane where the feeding network is located.

4. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of second parasitic sheets, the plurality of second parasitic sheets are stacked and arranged, a second gap is provided between two adjacent second parasitic sheets, and a first gap is provided between the second parasitic sheet at the bottom layer of the plurality of stacked second parasitic sheets and the first parasitic sheet; Wherein, each of the second parasitic plates is connected to the first parasitic plate.

5. The array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna unit also includes a plurality of second non-metallic pads; At least one second non-metallic pad is disposed between two adjacent second parasitic sheets, so that a second gap exists between two adjacent second parasitic sheets.

6. The array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one of the plurality of second parasitic sheets is provided with a first through hole, and a central axis of the first through hole is colinear with a center line of the second parasitic sheet.

7. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support component has an inclined surface, and a first angle is formed between the inclined surface and the plane where the feeding network is located. The radiation sheet component is arranged on the inclined surface so that the first angle is formed between the radiation sheet component and the feeding network.

8. The array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a plurality of support members, and the radiation sheet assembly includes a plurality of radiation sheets; A plurality of the support members are distributed around, each of the support members is provided with a sub-slant surface, and one of the sub-slant surfaces is provided with one of the radiation sheets; The sub-slant surface has the first angle with the plane where the feeding network is located, so that the radiation sheet has the first angle with the feeding network.

9. The array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radiation sheet is in a triangular shape.

10. The array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The array antenna also includes a feeding probe; The radiation plate is electrically connected to the feeding network through the feeding probe.

11. The array antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: The feeding probe comprises a connecting piece and a connecting column; One end of the connecting column is connected to the connecting plate, and there is a third angle between the axial direction of the connecting column and the plane where the connecting plate is located. The connecting plate is connected to the radiating plate, and the connecting column is connected to the feeding network so that the radiating plate is electrically connected to the feeding network.

12. The array antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antenna unit also includes a plurality of non-metallic connectors; One of the non-metallic pads is connected to one of the second parasitic plate and the first parasitic plate through at least one of the non-metallic connectors.

13. The array antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: The array antenna also includes a plurality of non-metallic gaskets; One of the non-metallic connectors is penetrated by a non-metallic gasket, and the non-metallic gasket is located on one side of the second parasitic plate.

14. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second through hole is disposed in the middle of the first parasitic sheet, and a center line of the second through hole is collinear with a center line of the first parasitic sheet.

15. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plane where the first parasitic plate is located is parallel to the plane where the feeding network is located.

16. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed network includes a circuit board and a feed circuit layer arranged on the circuit board; The feed circuit layer is located on a surface of the circuit board facing away from the base, and the feed circuit layer is electrically connected to the radiation sheet assembly.

17. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The array antenna further includes a connector electrically connected to the feeding network.

18. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The working frequency band of the array antenna covers 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz.

19. A navigation device, characterized in that: The navigation device comprises a navigation body and an array antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 18; The array antenna is installed on the navigation device.

20. A production method, characterized in that: Used to manufacture the array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 18, the array antenna comprising a radiating plate assembly, a first parasitic plate, a second parasitic plate and a feeding probe, the radiating plate assembly comprising a plurality of radiating plates, a first angle being formed between the radiating plate and the feeding network, the manufacturing method comprising: Based on the target resonant frequency band, determine the parameters of the radiation plate and the parameters of the first parasitic plate, the parameters of the radiation plate include the size of the radiation plate and the first angle between the radiation plate and the feeding network, the parameters of the first parasitic plate include the size of the first parasitic plate, the distance between the first parasitic plate and the feeding network, and the size of the second through hole on the first parasitic plate; Determining parameters of the second parasitic piece so that the gain of the array antenna reaches a maximum value, the parameters of the second parasitic piece including a size of the second parasitic piece; determining parameters of the feeding probe; Determine the line width and line length of each microstrip line in the feed line layer on the circuit board to determine the size of the feed network, and determine the size of the base based on the size of the feed network; The radiation plate, the feeding network, the feeding probe, the first parasitic plate, the second parasitic plate and the base are assembled to form the array antenna.

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