Image acquisition and change trend prediction method and system for nasal pressure injury

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of image data processing, in particular to an image acquisition and change trend prediction method and system for nasal pressure injury, and the method comprises the steps: recognizing a first nasal image of a target object, which is not subjected to nasal tracheal intubation, and obtaining the original features of the nasal tissue of the target object; identifying a second nose image of the target object subjected to nasal trachea intubation to obtain an acting force application feature of the nasal trachea on the nose of the target object; determining the deformation state information of the nose under the acting force based on the nose tissue original characteristics and the acting force application characteristics so as to estimate the blood vessel blood flow characteristics in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, thereby predicting the pressure injury change trend information of the nose; and determining operation parameters for performing decompression nursing on the nose based on the pressure injury change trend information of the nose. According to the invention, comprehensive and refined image acquisition and detection can be carried out at the initial stage of nasal pressure injury, the change trend of the nasal pressure injury is accurately predicted, and a basis is provided for decompression nursing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of image data processing, and in particular, to a method and system for image acquisition and change trend prediction of nasal pressure injury.

Background Art

[0002] Oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia mainly involves surgical treatment of diseases related to oral organs, facial soft tissues, maxillofacial bones, etc. Since the surgical operation requires operation in the patient's oral and nasal cavities and the patient is in a general anesthesia state during the whole operation, in order to ensure the normal breathing of the patient, the nasal tracheal intubation method is usually used for intraoperative respiratory management. Compared with oral tracheal intubation, it can provide a more flexible and larger surgical operation range in oral and maxillofacial surgery. After the nasal tracheal intubation is inserted into the patient's respiratory tract, it is refolded and fixed to the alae nasi at the patient's nostrils, and the straight tube part is fixed to the top of the patient's head. Considering that the nasal tracheal intubation is very important for maintaining the patient's vital signs, the nasal tracheal intubation will be less changed to avoid serious complications. When the nasal tracheal intubation time is too long, the nasal trachea compresses the nostrils and the skin of the alae nasi, causing nasal pressure injury, a type of medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI), which leads to skin injury and infection of the patient's nose.

[0003] The nasal pressure injury caused by nasal tracheal intubation only shows problems such as poor blood flow in blood vessels and slight damage to the skin surface in the initial stage, and it is difficult to identify only by naked eye observation. If the nasal pressure injury is not detected in time, problems such as skin ulceration and necrosis of the nose and even the face are likely to occur. The existing technology judges the degree of nasal pressure injury by regularly observing the surface of the nasal area associated with the nasal tracheal intubation. The above method not only cannot refine the detection of parts such as the inside of the nostrils and under the skin layer, but also has a time lag and cannot predict the state change of the nasal pressure injury, and cannot provide effective guidance for subsequent injury care. Therefore, how to comprehensively and refine the visual detection of the nasal area associated with the nasal tracheal intubation in the initial stage of nasal pressure injury, in order to accurately predict the change trend of nasal pressure injury, is of great significance for targeted decompression and care to prevent the expansion and deterioration of the injury.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to comprehensively and refine the image acquisition and detection of the nasal area associated with the nasal tracheal intubation in the initial stage of nasal pressure injury, accurately predict the change trend of nasal pressure injury, provide a reliable basis for subsequent decompression care, and prevent the expansion and deterioration of nasal pressure injury, the present invention provides a method for image acquisition and change trend prediction of nasal pressure injury, and the method includes the following steps:

[0005] Identify the first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original nasal tissue characteristics of the target object; identify the second nasal image of the target object during nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object.

[0006] Based on the original nasal tissue characteristics and the force application characteristics, determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force; based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, so as to predict the trend information of pressure injury changes of the nose.

[0007] Based on the trend information of pressure injury changes of the nose, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nose.

[0008] Preferably, the step of identifying the first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original nasal tissue characteristics of the target object; identifying the second nasal image of the target object during nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object is specifically as follows:

[0009] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the first three-dimensional nasal image; identify the first three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the original contour characteristics of the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings of the target object, as well as the vascular state characteristics under the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings; wherein, the vascular state characteristics under the skin layer include the position distribution characteristics and shape size characteristics of the blood vessels under the skin layer.

[0010] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object during nasotracheal intubation to obtain the second three-dimensional nasal image; identify the second three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the pressure application characteristics and sliding shear force application characteristics exerted by the nasotrachea on the nose; wherein, the pressure application characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure exerted by the nasotrachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings, and the sliding shear force application characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasotrachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings.

[0011] Preferably, the step of determining the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force based on the original nasal tissue characteristics and the force application characteristics is specifically as follows:

[0012] Based on the position distribution characteristics and shape size characteristics of the blood vessels beneath the cortex included in the original characteristics of the nasal tissue, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings included in the force application characteristics, determine the blood vessel deformation state information of the blood vessels beneath the cortex in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings under the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea; wherein, the blood vessel deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the blood vessels.

[0013] Based on the original contour characteristics of the skin layers in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings respectively included in the original characteristics of the nasal tissue, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings included in the force application characteristics, determine the skin layer deformation state information of the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings; wherein, the skin layer deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude of the surface contour of the skin layer and the deformation position information.

[0014] Preferably, based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nasal part and the skin friction state characteristics of the nasal part, so as to predict the trend information of pressure injury changes in the nasal part, specifically:

[0015] Based on the blood vessel deformation state information, estimate the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range of the blood vessels beneath the cortex in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings.

[0016] Based on the skin layer deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings.

[0017] Based on the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range and the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity, predict the trend information of the change in the size of the area where pressure injury occurs in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings.

[0018] Preferably, based on the trend information of pressure injury changes in the nasal part, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nasal part, specifically:

[0019] Based on the trend information of the change in the size of the area where pressure injury occurs in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings included in the trend information of pressure injury changes in the nasal part, identify the injury degree zoning of the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings.

[0020] Based on the results of the injury degree zoning identification, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of different sub-areas with different injury degrees in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings respectively; wherein, the operation parameters include the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the sub-areas with different injury degrees.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention provides an image acquisition and change trend prediction system for nasal pressure injuries, and the system includes the following modules:

[0022] The first image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the first nasal image of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation, so as to obtain the original characteristics of the nasal tissue of the target object;

[0023] The second image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the second nasal image of the target object with nasal tracheal intubation, so as to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasal trachea on the nose of the target object;

[0024] The nasal deformation state recognition module is used to determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of force based on the original characteristics of the nasal tissue and the force application characteristics;

[0025] The pressure injury trend prediction module is used to estimate the blood flow characteristics of blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose based on the deformation state information, so as to predict the change trend information of the pressure injury of the nose;

[0026] The decompression nursing parameter determination module is used to determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of the nose based on the change trend information of the pressure injury of the nose.

[0027] Preferably, the first image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the first nasal image of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation, so as to obtain the original characteristics of the nasal tissue of the target object, specifically:

[0028] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the first three-dimensional nasal image; recognize the first three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the original contour characteristics of the skin layers in the nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings of the target object, as well as the vascular state characteristics under the skin layers in the nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings; wherein, the vascular state characteristics under the skin layer include the position distribution characteristics and shape size characteristics of the blood vessels under the skin layer;

[0029] The second image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the second nasal image of the target object with nasal tracheal intubation, so as to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasal trachea on the nose of the target object, specifically:

[0030] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object for nasotracheal intubation to obtain a second three-dimensional nose image; identify the second three-dimensional nose image to obtain the pressure action characteristics and sliding shear force action characteristics exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the nose; wherein, the pressure action characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the pressure action magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings, and the sliding shear force action characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the sliding shear force action magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings.

[0031] Preferably, the nose deformation state recognition module is used to determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force based on the original nose tissue characteristics and the force application characteristics, specifically:

[0032] Based on the position distribution characteristics and shape size characteristics of the blood vessels under the cortex included in the original nose tissue characteristics and the spatial distribution characteristics of the pressure action magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings included in the force application characteristics, determine the blood vessel deformation state information of the blood vessels under the cortex in the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings under the pressure action exerted by the nasotracheal tube; wherein, the blood vessel deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the blood vessels.

[0033] Based on the original skin layer contour characteristics of the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings included in the original nose tissue characteristics and the spatial distribution characteristics of the sliding shear force action magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings included in the force application characteristics, determine the skin layer deformation state information of the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings; wherein, the skin layer deformation state information includes the surface contour deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the skin layer.

[0034] Preferably, the pressure injury trend prediction module is used to estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose based on the deformation state information, so as to predict the pressure injury change trend information of the nose, specifically:

[0035] Based on the blood vessel deformation state information, estimate the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range of the blood vessels under the cortex in the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings;

[0036] Based on the skin layer deformation state information, estimate the surface friction intensity change characteristics of the skin layer in the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings;

[0037] Based on the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range and the surface friction intensity change characteristics, predict the range size change trend information of the occurrence of pressure injury in the interior of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wings.

[0038] Preferably, the decompression care parameter determination module is configured to determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nose based on the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose. Specifically:

[0039] Based on the information on the change trend of the range of pressure injury occurring in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings included in the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose, identify the injury degree zoning of the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings;

[0040] Based on the results of the injury degree zoning identification, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of different sub-regions with different injury degrees in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings; wherein, the operation parameters include the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the sub-regions with different injury degrees.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] Identify the first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original nasal tissue features of the target object; identify the second nasal image of the target object during nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application features of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object. Considering that nasal pressure injury occurs in the contact area between the nasotracheal intubation and the nose, and these contact areas are usually located inside the nostrils and on the surface of the nasal wings and are blocked by the nasotracheal pressure, resulting in the contact area being unable to be identified by normal visible light photography. In actual image acquisition operations, binocular thermal imaging of the patient's nose is performed by thermal imaging to obtain a three-dimensional image of the patient's nose. In order to timely and accurately judge the occurrence degree of nasal pressure injury, it is necessary to use the original state of the patient's nose without nasotracheal intubation as a reference benchmark for comparison with the subsequent state of the nose during nasotracheal intubation. Identify the first three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the original contour features of the skin layers of the patient's nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, as well as the vascular state features under the skin layers of the patient's nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, so as to comprehensively characterize the original contour shape of the skin layer surface of the patient's nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing and the position distribution and shape size of the blood vessels under the skin layer, providing a reference basis for subsequent identification of the occurrence location and degree of nasal pressure injury in the nose. Identify the second three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the position and amplitude of the contour deformation on the inner surface of the nostril and the nasal wing and its adjacent surface, and inversely determine the pressure application features and sliding shear force application features exerted by the nasotrachea on the nose based on this, so as to quantitatively determine the spatial distribution features of the pressure application magnitude exerted by the nasotrachea on the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing and the spatial distribution features of the sliding shear force application magnitude exerted by the nasotrachea on the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing. By calculating and determining the spatial distribution features of the pressure application magnitude and the sliding shear force application magnitude exerted by the nasotrachea on the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, the changing trend of nasal pressure injury in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing can be accurately predicted.

[0043] Based on the original characteristics of nasal tissues and the characteristics of force application, determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of force; based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, so as to predict the trend information of pressure injury changes in the nose. In order to accurately determine the nasal pressure injury caused by the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea, compare the position distribution characteristics and shape size distribution characteristics of blood vessels under the cortex with the spatial distribution characteristics of the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea on the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing in the same coordinate system, determine the pressure value received by each part of the blood vessel under the cortex itself, and then determine the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of each part of the blood vessel itself under the influence of the corresponding pressure value, providing a reliable basis for subsequent judgment of the blood flow blockage range of each part of the blood vessel itself. The contour deformation amplitude and deformation position of the skin layer surface of the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing are interrelated and affected by the friction between the skin layer surface and the nasal trachea. By determining the contour deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the skin layer surface, a reliable basis can be provided for subsequent determination of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer. Based on the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range and the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity, predict the trend information of the change in the size of the pressure injury area in the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, so as to obtain the trend information of the change in the area size of the pressure injury in the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing.

[0044] Based on the trend information of pressure injury changes in the nose, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nose. In order to effectively differentiate and decompress different sub-regions in the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, it is necessary to first identify the injury degree zoning of the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing based on the trend information of the change in the size of the pressure injury area in the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing included in the trend information of pressure injury changes in the nose, so as to divide the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing into several sub-regions corresponding to different degrees of injury ranges. Based on the injury degree range corresponding to each sub-region, determine the area size and / or coating amount of the decompression material such as hydrogel or foam dressing applied during the pressurized care of each sub-region, so as to effectively relieve the compression exerted on the internal nostrils and the adjacent area of the nasal wing by the nasal trachea.

Description of the Drawings

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings. Among them:

[0046] Figure 1It is a flowchart of a method for image acquisition and change trend prediction of nasal pressure injury provided by the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a system for image acquisition and change trend prediction of nasal pressure injury provided by the present invention.

Specific Embodiments

[0048] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of convenience of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings rather than all structures. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The terms "comprising" and "having" in the present invention and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0050] Referring to "embodiments" herein means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for image acquisition and change trend prediction of nasal pressure injury, and the method includes the following steps:

[0052] S100, identify the first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original characteristics of the nasal tissue of the target object; identify the second nasal image of the target object with nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object.

[0053] Furthermore, identifying the first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original characteristics of the nasal tissue of the target object; identifying the second nasal image of the target object with nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object, specifically:

[0054] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain a first three-dimensional nose image; identify the first three-dimensional nose image to obtain the original contour features of the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings of the target object, as well as the vascular state features under the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings respectively; wherein, the vascular state features under the skin layer include the position distribution features and the shape and size features of the blood vessels under the skin layer.

[0055] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object with nasotracheal intubation to obtain a second three-dimensional nose image; identify the second three-dimensional nose image to obtain the pressure action characteristics and the sliding shear force action characteristics exerted on the nose by the nasotracheal tube; wherein, the pressure action characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings, and the sliding shear force action characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings.

[0056] Nasotracheal intubation is an important means to provide respiratory management for patients during surgery. Inserting the nasotracheal tube into the patient's nostrils provides a respiratory passage for the patient and plays an important role in maintaining the patient's life. After the nasotracheal tube is inserted into the patient's nostrils, it is refolded and fixed to the nasal wings at the patient's nostrils, and the straight tube part is fixed to the top of the patient's head. The exposed part of the nasotracheal tube extending outward from the patient's nostrils will be fixed by medical tape at the patient's nasal wings. Considering that nasotracheal intubation is very important for maintaining the patient's normal breathing, changes to the nasotracheal intubation are less likely to occur. The catheter diameter of the nasotracheal tube is relatively thick, and after being inserted into the nostrils, it may cause compression on the entire inner side of the nostrils. In addition, the medical tape directly adheres the exposed part of the nasotracheal tube to the nasal wings, which will also exert pressure on the nasal wings and their adjacent areas. The above-mentioned compression directly forms a pressure action on the inner surface of the nostrils and the surface of the nasal wings and their adjacent areas. In addition, after the nasotracheal tube is inserted into the nostrils, it slides under its own inertia, thus forming a shear force action on the inner side of the nostrils and the surface of the nasal wings and their adjacent areas. Under the above-mentioned pressure action, the skin layer on the inner surface of the nostrils and the surface of the nasal wings and their adjacent areas will be squeezed, and the blood vessels under the skin layer will also be squeezed and deformed accordingly. This deformation will cause the blood flow in the blood vessels to be blocked, and after the blood vessels under the skin layer are continuously squeezed and deformed for a long time, the blood pressure in the local area will increase and form a huge pressure on the blood vessels, which may lead to problems such as blood vessel rupture and internal bleeding in the blood vessels, causing pressure injury to the tissue under the skin layer. Under the above-mentioned shear force action, the skin layer on the inner side of the nostrils and the surface of the nasal wings and their adjacent areas will be worn. When the skin layer is continuously worn for a long time, the surface of the skin layer will be damaged and bleed, which also forms a pressure injury on the surface of the skin layer.

[0057] Nasal pressure injury is caused by the long-term continuous pressure and shear force of nasal tracheal intubation. The symptoms in the initial stage of nasal pressure injury all present as subtle subcutaneous vascular hemorrhage and abrasions on the surface of the skin layer, and these symptoms all appear on the inner surface of the nostril, the alae nasi and their adjacent surfaces, and these surfaces are all covered by contact with the nasal trachea, resulting in these symptoms being difficult to be detected in a timely and accurate manner. If the nasal pressure injury is not located in a timely manner in the initial stage, the area of the nasal pressure injury will gradually expand, leading to problems such as skin and other tissue ulceration and necrosis. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that there is a direct correlation between the state of the blood vessels under the skin layer and the surface of the skin layer on the inner surface of the nostril, the alae nasi and their adjacent surfaces and the degree of nasal pressure injury. In order to detect and identify nasal pressure injury in the initial stage and predict the change trend of nasal pressure injury, it is necessary to first detect the state of the blood vessels under the skin layer and the surface of the skin layer on the inner surface of the nostril, the alae nasi and their adjacent surfaces.

[0058] Considering that nasal pressure injury occurs in the contact area between the nasal tracheal intubation and the nose, and these contact areas are usually located inside the nostril and on the surface of the alae nasi and are blocked by the nasal tracheal pressure, resulting in the contact area not being able to be recognized by normal visible light photography. In actual image acquisition operations, binocular thermal imaging of the patient's (i.e., the target object) nose is performed by thermal imaging to obtain a three-dimensional image of the patient's nose. In addition, considering the subtlety and imperceptibility of the symptoms of nasal pressure injury in the initial stage, in order to judge the occurrence degree of nasal pressure injury in a timely and accurate manner, it is necessary to compare the subsequent state of the patient's nose with nasal tracheal intubation with the original state of the patient's nose without nasal tracheal intubation as a reference benchmark.

[0059] Specifically, three-dimensional thermal imaging (i.e., three-dimensional thermal infrared imaging) is performed on the patient's nose without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain a first three-dimensional image of the nose; among them, the first three-dimensional image of the nose comprehensively represents the organizational structure state corresponding to the inner surface of the nostril, the alae nasi and their adjacent surfaces of the patient's own nose without nasal tracheal intubation, and the above organizational structure state can be but is not limited to the state of the blood vessels in the subcutaneous layer and the state of the surface of the skin layer. Since nasal pressure injury is directly reflected in the skin layer breakage on the inner surface of the nostril, the alae nasi and their adjacent surfaces and the internal hemorrhage caused by the blood vessels under the skin layer being squeezed and ruptured, therefore, the first three-dimensional image of the nose is identified to obtain the original contour characteristics of the skin layer of the inner part of the patient's nostril and the adjacent area of the alae nasi respectively, and the state characteristics of the blood vessels under the skin layer of the inner part of the patient's nostril and the adjacent area of the alae nasi respectively, so as to comprehensively represent the original contour shape of the skin layer surface of the inner part of the patient's nostril and the adjacent area of the alae nasi and the position distribution and shape size of the blood vessels under the skin layer, providing a reference basis for subsequent identification of the occurrence position and degree of nasal pressure injury of the nose.

[0060] After nasal tracheal intubation of a patient, the nose will be deformed due to the compression of the nasal trachea. The position and amplitude of the nasal deformation are directly determined by the magnitudes of the pressure and shear forces exerted by the nasal trachea on the nose. Thus, by detecting the position and amplitude of the nasal deformation, the pressure and shear forces exerted on the nose by the nasal tracheal intubation can be inversely determined. To this end, three-dimensional thermal imaging is performed on the nose of the patient undergoing nasal tracheal intubation to obtain a second three-dimensional nasal image; wherein, the second three-dimensional nasal image comprehensively represents the organizational structure state corresponding to the inner surface of the nostrils, the alae nasi, and their adjacent surfaces of the patient's own nose during nasal tracheal intubation. The above organizational structure state can be, but is not limited to, the position and amplitude of the contour deformation of the inner surface of the nostrils, the alae nasi, and their adjacent surfaces. The second three-dimensional nasal image is recognized to obtain the position and amplitude of the contour deformation of the inner surface of the nostrils, the alae nasi, and their adjacent surfaces, and based on this, the characteristics of the pressure force exerted by the nasal trachea on the nose and the characteristics of the sliding shear force exerted on the nose are inversely determined, so as to quantitatively determine the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi. Considering that nasal pressure injury is formed by the continuous application of pressure and shear forces to the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi for a long time, the greater the pressure force and / or shear force, the faster the aggravation speed of nasal pressure injury, and the faster the expansion of the area of nasal pressure injury. By calculating and determining the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi, the changing trend of nasal pressure injury in the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi can be accurately predicted.

[0061] S200. Based on the original characteristics of the nasal tissue and the characteristics of the applied force, determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force; based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, so as to predict the changing trend information of nasal pressure injury.

[0062] Further, based on the original characteristics of the nasal tissue and the characteristics of the applied force, determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force, specifically:

[0063] Based on the position distribution characteristics and shape and size characteristics of the blood vessels under the dermis included in the original characteristics of the nasal tissue and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi included in the characteristics of the applied force, determine the blood vessel deformation state information of the blood vessels under the dermis in the inner part of the nostrils and the adjacent area of the alae nasi under the pressure action of the nasal trachea; wherein, the blood vessel deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the blood vessels.

[0064] Based on the original contour features of the skin layers in the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings included in the original features of the nasal tissue, and the spatial distribution features of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings included in the force application features, determine the deformation state information of the skin layers in the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings; wherein, the deformation state information of the skin layer includes the deformation amplitude of the skin layer surface contour and the deformation position information.

[0065] The blood vessels under the skin layer are squeezed and deformed under the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea, resulting in the corresponding squeezing and deformation of a part of the area inside the blood vessels. The diameter of the squeezed and deformed area inside the blood vessels will become smaller, resulting in the blockage of blood flow in the squeezed and deformed area. As the degree of blood flow blockage increases, the blood pressure on the inner wall of the blood vessel in the corresponding area also increases continuously. Once the blood pressure increases and exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the corresponding part inside the blood vessel will rupture and internal bleeding will occur. The greater the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea in a certain area, the greater the deformation amplitude of the blood vessel, and the greater the probability of rupture and internal bleeding, thus inducing nasal pressure injury. In order to accurately determine the nasal pressure injury caused by the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea, compare the position distribution features and shape and size distribution features of the blood vessels under the skin layer with the spatial distribution features of the magnitude of the pressure exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings in the same coordinate system, determine the pressure value received by each part of the blood vessel under the skin layer itself, and then determine the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of each part of the blood vessel itself under the influence of the corresponding pressure value, providing a reliable basis for subsequent judgment of the blood flow blockage range of each part of the blood vessel itself.

[0066] Under the action of the sliding shear force, the skin layers in the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings rub against the nasal trachea. The greater the friction intensity and the higher the friction frequency between the two, the easier and faster the skin layer surface will be damaged. The friction between the skin layer surface and the nasal trachea is related to the original contour of the skin layer and the spatial distribution of the magnitude of the sliding shear force applied thereto. When the original contour of the skin layer has more undulations and greater roughness, and the sliding shear force applied thereto is greater, the friction intensity between the two is also greater. The damage formed on the skin layer surface due to the friction will be correspondingly reflected in the deformation amplitude of the skin layer surface contour and the deformation position will also change accordingly. From the above analysis, it can be seen that the deformation amplitude and deformation position of the skin layer surface in the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings are interrelated and affected by the friction between the skin layer surface and the nasal trachea. By determining the deformation amplitude of the skin layer surface contour and the deformation position information, it can provide a reliable basis for subsequent determination of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer.

[0067] Furthermore, based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, so as to predict the trend information of the pressure injury of the nose. Specifically:

[0068] Estimate the change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range distribution in the blood vessels under the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing based on the blood vessel deformation state information;

[0069] Estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing based on the skin layer deformation state information;

[0070] Predict the change trend information of the pressure injury range size in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing based on the change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range distribution and the surface friction intensity.

[0071] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the formation of intravascular hemorrhage due to blood flow blockage in blood vessels and the surface friction damage of the skin layer are the necessary stages for the occurrence of nasal pressure injury and belong to the precursors of nasal pressure injury. The larger the blood flow blockage range in blood vessels and the greater the surface friction intensity of the skin layer, the larger the range of pressure injury in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, and the greater the spread rate of the pressure injury range. The blood flow blockage range in blood vessels is related to the blood vessel deformation state, and the surface friction intensity of the skin layer is related to the skin layer deformation state; among them, the larger the blood vessel deformation amplitude and the more the positions where blood vessel deformation occurs, the larger the blood flow blockage range in the blood vessels under the skin layer. Based on the blood vessel deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range distribution in the blood vessels under the skin layer in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, that is, estimate the change characteristics of the distribution area of the blood flow blockage range in blood vessels; the larger the surface contour deformation amplitude of the skin layer and the more the positions where surface deformation occurs, the greater the surface friction intensity of the skin layer. Based on the skin layer deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, that is, estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity size of the skin layer. Also, when the blood flow blockage range is larger and the surface friction intensity of the skin layer is greater, the range of pressure injury in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing is also larger. According to the above correlation, based on the change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range distribution and the surface friction intensity, predict the change trend information of the pressure injury range size in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing, so as to obtain the change trend information of the pressure injury range area size in the nasal cavity interior and the adjacent area of the nasal wing.

[0072] S300. Determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of the nose based on the change trend information of the nasal pressure injury.

[0073] Furthermore, determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of the nose based on the change trend information of the nasal pressure injury, specifically:

[0074] Based on the information on the changing trend of pressure injuries on the nose, which includes the information on the changing trend of the scope of pressure injuries occurring in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings, the injury degree zoning recognition is carried out on the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings;

[0075] Based on the results of the injury degree zoning recognition, the operation parameters for decompression care of different sub-regions with different injury degrees in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings are determined; among them, the operation parameters include the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the sub-region with the injury degree.

[0076] The pressure injury on the nose is caused by the long-term continuous compression of the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings by the nasal trachea. Therefore, the degree of pressure injury on the nose is related to the duration of the compression applied by the nasal trachea and the magnitude of the applied pressure, resulting in different actual degrees of pressure injury in different sub-regions within the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings. In addition, when performing decompression care on different sub-regions within the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings, the actual degree of pressure injury of each sub-region needs to be fully considered. The greater the actual degree of pressure injury, the greater the pressure value that needs to be reduced by the decompression care on the corresponding sub-region by the nasal trachea. In order to effectively perform differentiated decompression care on different sub-regions within the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings, it is necessary to first perform injury degree zoning recognition on the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings based on the information on the changing trend of pressure injuries on the nose, which includes the information on the changing trend of the scope of pressure injuries occurring in the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings, so as to divide the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings into several sub-regions corresponding to different injury degree ranges. Then, based on the injury degree range corresponding to each sub-region, the coating area size and / or coating amount size of the decompression material such as hydrogel or foam dressing applied during the pressurization care of each sub-region are determined. Generally speaking, if the injury degree corresponding to a certain sub-region is greater, the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the corresponding sub-region are also greater, so as to effectively relieve the compression effect on the inner nostrils and the area adjacent to the nasal wings from the nasal trachea.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an image acquisition and changing trend prediction system for nasal pressure injuries, which includes the following modules:

[0078] The first image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the first nasal image of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the original characteristics of the nasal tissue of the target object;

[0079] The second image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the second nasal image of the target object with nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasal trachea on the nose of the target object;

[0080] The nasal deformation state recognition module is used to determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of force based on the original characteristics of nasal tissues and the characteristics of force application;

[0081] The pressure injury trend prediction module is used to estimate the characteristics of blood flow in blood vessels inside the nose and the characteristics of skin friction state of the nose based on the deformation state information, so as to predict the change trend information of pressure injury of the nose;

[0082] The decompression nursing parameter determination module is used to determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of the nose based on the change trend information of pressure injury of the nose.

[0083] Furthermore, the first image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the first nasal image of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the original characteristics of the nasal tissues of the target object. Specifically:

[0084] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the first three-dimensional nasal image; recognize the first three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the original contour characteristics of the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings of the target object, as well as the vascular state characteristics under the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings; among them, the vascular state characteristics under the skin layer include the position distribution characteristics and shape size characteristics of the blood vessels under the skin layer;

[0085] The second image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the second nasal image of the target object during nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the characteristics of force application of the nasal trachea on the nose of the target object. Specifically:

[0086] Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object during nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the second three-dimensional nasal image; recognize the second three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the pressure action characteristics and sliding shear force action characteristics exerted by the nasal trachea on the nose; among them, the pressure action characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure action exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings, and the sliding shear force action characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force action exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings.

[0087] Furthermore, the nasal deformation state recognition module is used to determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of force based on the original characteristics of nasal tissues and the characteristics of force application. Specifically:

[0088] Based on the position distribution characteristics and shape size characteristics of the blood vessels under the skin layer included in the original characteristics of nasal tissues and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the pressure action exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings included in the characteristics of force application, determine the vascular deformation state information of the blood vessels under the skin layer of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings under the pressure action exerted by the nasal trachea; among them, the vascular deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the blood vessels;

[0089] Based on the original contour features of the skin layers in the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings included in the original features of the nasal tissue, and the spatial distribution features of the magnitude of the sliding shear force exerted by the nasal trachea on the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings included in the force application features, determine the skin layer deformation state information of the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings; wherein, the skin layer deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude of the skin layer surface contour and the deformation position information.

[0090] Further, the pressure injury trend prediction module is used to estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose based on the deformation state information, so as to predict the pressure injury change trend information of the nose, specifically:

[0091] Based on the blood vessel deformation state information, estimate the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range of the blood vessels under the skin layer in the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings;

[0092] Based on the skin layer deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer in the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings;

[0093] Based on the distribution change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range and the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity, predict the change trend information of the range of pressure injury occurring in the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings.

[0094] Further, the decompression nursing parameter determination module is used to determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of the nose based on the pressure injury change trend information of the nose, specifically:

[0095] Based on the change trend information of the range of pressure injury occurring in the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings included in the pressure injury change trend information of the nose, identify the injury degree zoning of the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings;

[0096] Based on the results of the injury degree zoning identification, determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of different sub-regions with different injury degrees in the inner nostrils and the areas adjacent to the nasal wings respectively; wherein, the operation parameters include the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the sub-region with the injury degree.

[0097] The image acquisition and change trend prediction system for nasal pressure injury of the present invention corresponds to the operation and effect of the above-mentioned image acquisition and change trend prediction method for nasal pressure injury, and the image acquisition and change trend prediction system for nasal pressure injury will not be repeated here.

[0098] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of adding a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by a combination of hardware and software. Based on such an understanding, the essence of the above technical solution, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer product. The present invention can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk memories, CD-ROMs, optical memories, etc.) that contain computer-usable program codes.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Other embodiments can also be adopted; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An image acquisition and change trend prediction method for nasal pressure injuries, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Identify a first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original nasal tissue features of the target object; identify a second nasal image of the target object with nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application features of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object; Based on the original nasal tissue features and the force application features, determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force; based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, so as to predict the trend information of pressure injury changes of the nose; Based on the trend information of pressure injury changes of the nose, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nose.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Identify a first nasal image of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain the original nasal tissue features of the target object; Identify a second nasal image of the target object with nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application features of the nasotrachea on the nose of the target object, specifically: Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain a first three-dimensional nasal image; identify the first three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the original contour features of the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings of the target object, as well as the vascular state features under the skin layers of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings; wherein, the vascular state features under the skin layer include the position distribution features and shape size features of the blood vessels under the skin layer; Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object with nasotracheal intubation to obtain a second three-dimensional nasal image; identify the second three-dimensional nasal image to obtain the pressure application features and sliding shear force application features exerted by the nasotrachea on the nose; wherein, the pressure application features include the spatial distribution features of the pressure application magnitudes exerted by the nasotrachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings, and the sliding shear force application features include the spatial distribution features of the sliding shear force application magnitudes exerted by the nasotrachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for determining the deformation state information of the nose under the action of the force based on the original nasal tissue features and the force application features is as follows: Based on the position distribution features and shape size features of the blood vessels under the skin layer included in the original nasal tissue features and the spatial distribution features of the pressure application magnitudes exerted by the nasotrachea on the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings included in the force application features, determine the vascular deformation state information of the blood vessels under the skin layer of the inner nostrils and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings under the pressure action of the nasotrachea; wherein, the vascular deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the blood vessels; Determine the skin layer deformation state information of the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing based on the original contour features of the skin layers of the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing included in the original features of the nasal tissue and the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnitude of the sliding shear force applied by the nasal trachea to the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing included in the force application characteristics; wherein, the skin layer deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude of the skin layer surface contour and the deformation position information.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the deformation state information, estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose, so as to predict the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose. Specifically: Based on the blood vessel deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the distribution range of blood flow blockage in the blood vessels under the skin layer of the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing. Based on the skin layer deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity of the skin layer in the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing. Based on the change characteristics of the distribution range of blood flow blockage and the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity, predict the information on the change trend of the range of pressure injury occurring in the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose, determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nose. Specifically: Based on the information on the change trend of the range of pressure injury occurring in the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing included in the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose, perform injury degree zoning identification on the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing. Based on the results of the injury degree zoning identification, determine the operation parameters for decompression care for different sub-areas with different injury degrees in the inner nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing; wherein, the operation parameters include the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the sub-areas with different injury degrees.

6. An image acquisition and change trend prediction system for nasal pressure injuries, characterized in that, The system includes the following modules: The first image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the first nasal image of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the original features of the nasal tissue of the target object. The second image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the second nasal image of the target object with nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasal trachea to the nose of the target object. The nasal deformation state recognition module is used to determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of force based on the original features of the nasal tissue and the force application characteristics. The pressure injury trend prediction module is used to estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose based on the deformation state information, so as to predict the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose. The decompression care parameter determination module is used to determine the operation parameters for decompression care of the nose based on the information on the change trend of pressure injury of the nose.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first image acquisition and recognition module is used to recognize the first nasal image of the target object without nasal tracheal intubation to obtain the original features of the nasal tissue of the target object. Specifically: Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object without nasotracheal intubation to obtain a first three-dimensional nose image; identify the first three-dimensional nose image to obtain the original contour features of the skin layers in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings of the target object, as well as the vascular state features under the skin layers in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings respectively; wherein, the vascular state features under the skin layer include the position distribution features and shape size features of the blood vessels under the skin layer. The second image acquisition and recognition module is used to identify the second nose image of the target object during nasotracheal intubation to obtain the force application characteristics of the nasotracheal tube on the nose of the target object, specifically: Perform three-dimensional thermal imaging on the nose of the target object during nasotracheal intubation to obtain a second three-dimensional nose image; identify the second three-dimensional nose image to obtain the pressure application characteristics and sliding shear force application characteristics exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the nose; wherein, the pressure application characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the pressure application magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings, and the sliding shear force application characteristics include the spatial distribution characteristics of the sliding shear force application magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The nose deformation state recognition module is used to determine the deformation state information of the nose under the action of force based on the original nose tissue features and the force application characteristics, specifically: Based on the position distribution features and shape size features of the blood vessels under the skin layer included in the original nose tissue features and the spatial distribution characteristics of the pressure application magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings included in the force application characteristics, determine the blood vessel deformation state information of the blood vessels under the skin layer in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings under the pressure exerted by the nasotracheal tube; wherein, the blood vessel deformation state information includes the deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the blood vessels. Based on the original contour features of the skin layers in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings respectively included in the original nose tissue features and the spatial distribution characteristics of the sliding shear force application magnitudes exerted by the nasotracheal tube on the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings included in the force application characteristics, determine the skin layer deformation state information of the skin layers in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings; wherein, the skin layer deformation state information includes the surface contour deformation amplitude and deformation position information of the skin layer.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein, The pressure injury trend prediction module is used to estimate the blood flow characteristics of the blood vessels in the nose and the skin friction state characteristics of the nose based on the deformation state information, so as to predict the pressure injury change trend information of the nose, specifically: Based on the blood vessel deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the blood flow blockage range distribution of the blood vessels under the skin layer in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings. Based on the skin layer deformation state information, estimate the change characteristics of the surface friction intensity of the skin layers in the nasal cavity and the adjacent areas of the nasal wings. Based on the variation characteristics of the blood flow blockage range distribution and the variation characteristics of the surface friction intensity, predict the trend information of the change in the size of the pressure injury range in the internal part of the nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing.

10. The system according to claim 6, wherein, The decompression nursing parameter determination module is used to determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of the nose based on the trend information of the pressure injury of the nose, specifically: Based on the trend information of the change in the size of the pressure injury range in the internal part of the nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing included in the trend information of the pressure injury of the nose, identify the injury degree zoning of the internal part of the nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing; Based on the results of the injury degree zoning identification, determine the operation parameters for decompression nursing of different injury degree sub-regions in the internal part of the nostril and the area adjacent to the nasal wing respectively; wherein, the operation parameters include the coating area and / or coating amount of the decompression material applied to the injury degree sub-region.

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