Pressure reducing device for preventing pressure damage

Abstract

The utility model relates to a decompression device for preventing nasal pressure injury, which is of a multi-layer structure and comprises a surface layer and a catheter layer, the surface layer is in contact with nasal mucosa and skin, the catheter layer is in direct contact with a catheter, and an absorption layer for absorbing liquid to reduce impregnation is further arranged between the surface layer and the catheter layer. A plurality of tiny protrusions are arranged on the inner side face, facing the absorption layer, of the surface layer, so that the contact mode of the surface layer and the absorption layer is changed into point contact or line contact, a plurality of tiny pits are formed in the outer side face, making contact with the nose skin and the nasal mucosa, of the surface layer, and a plurality of local low points are formed in the surface layer. Therefore, the pressure reducing device can reduce the pressure of the catheter on the skin and mucous membranes of the nose. The utility model can solve the problem in the prior art that the pressure dispersion and protection effects cannot be exerted without considering the characteristics of the anatomical structure of the nasal cavity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to medical auxiliary tool technical field relates to a decompression device for preventing nasal pressure injury, especially suitable for a nasal tracheal tube for preventing nasal pressure injury. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nasal tracheal intubation general anesthesia is the most common anesthesia method for oral and maxillofacial surgery, and this intubation method is prone to cause nasal pressure injury in surgical patients. The nasal cavity has a complex, irregular and narrow anatomical structure, especially during nasal tracheal intubation general anesthesia, the reverse fold of the tracheal tube is directly close to the alar. Because the skin of the alar is thin and the subcutaneous tissue is sparse, the blood supply of the peripheral circulation is limited, so after intubation, the pressure of the tracheal tube will concentrate in this part, the sterile drape gravity of the head and face surgery and the friction force of the surgical operation will be applied to the tracheal tube, and the tracheal pressure cannot be adjusted during the operation. The position of the nose, the skin of the nose is pressed for a long time during the operation, which increases the risk of pressure injury. The nose is adjacent to the maxillofacial surgical area, and the nose is in a state of blood and secretion immersion for a long time during the operation, which changes the pH value of the skin of the alar and weakens the barrier function of the skin, increasing the risk of pressure injury. Nasal pressure injury related to medical devices (Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury, MDRPI) refers to pressure injury caused by the use of medical devices for diagnosis or treatment, which is one of the common intraoperative pressure injuries.

[0003] Nasal MDRPI not only brings great pain to patients, increases the probability of infection, and seriously causes nasal deformity, changes the appearance, and causes medical disputes. Although the current decompression dressing is placed under the medical device to achieve pressure redistribution, which is a common method to prevent MDRPI, but the existing preventive dressing cannot meet the clinical needs of nasal tracheal tube for preventing nasal MDRPI. With the complexity of oral and maxillofacial surgery and the prolongation of operation time, the incidence of nasal pressure injury caused by nasal tracheal tube is increasing.

[0004] CN205055127U discloses a pressure-reducing pad for preventing pressure ulcers, comprising: a pressure-reducing layer with a porous foam structure for uniformly dispersing the force exerted on the skin by an object; a thin film layer with a hydrophilic thin film structure for contact with the skin, the thin film layer having a first side and a second side, one side of the pressure-reducing layer contacting the second side of the thin film layer such that the pressure-reducing layer is disposed on the thin film layer; and a release paper having a smooth side and a rough side, the first side of the thin film layer contacting the smooth side of the release paper and being disposed on the release paper, and the rough side having a preset pattern, wherein the pressure-reducing layer, the thin film layer, and the release paper have the same shape. This pressure-reducing pad can effectively reduce the pressure and shear force exerted on the skin by external objects, thus preventing pressure injuries. However, the above-mentioned invention does not consider the management of the moisture environment during the use of the pressure-reducing pad, especially the issue of moisture environment management during prolonged use of the pressure-reducing pad during nasotracheal intubation. It also fails to consider the increased friction between the pressure-reducing pad and the nose caused by changes in patient position, accidental contact by external personnel, or blood from oral and facial surgeries seeping into the nasal cavity. Currently available pressure-reducing dressings do not offer a suitable option for preventing MDRPI (myelitis depigmentation) of the nasal skin and mucous membrane between the irregular and narrow structure of the nose and nasal intubation.

[0005] Against this backdrop, there is an urgent need to develop a more effective pressure-reducing dressing that can better adapt to the characteristics of the nasal cavity anatomy, provide more adequate pressure dispersion and protection, and reduce the risk of nasal MDRPI.

[0006] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this utility model, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that this utility model does not have the features of these prior art. On the contrary, this utility model has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a decompression device for preventing nasal pressure injuries, particularly a decompression device for preventing nasal pressure injuries via nasotracheal intubation, comprising:

[0008] The surface layer that comes into contact with the nasal mucosa and skin, and the catheter layer that comes into direct contact with the catheter.

[0009] An absorbent layer is also provided between the surface layer and the conduit layer to absorb liquid and reduce immersion.

[0010] The surface layer is provided with a plurality of micro convexes on the inner side of the surface layer facing the absorbing layer, so that the contact form of the surface layer and the absorbing layer is point contact, and the pressure reducing device can be more fitted to the uneven surface of the nasal mucosa.

[0011] The catheter in the utility model especially refers to a nasal tracheal catheter used in the process of tracheal intubation.

[0012] The pressure reducing device is more fitted to the uneven surface of the nasal mucosa, and plays a role in partially reducing the pressure of the nose.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the absorbing layer is provided with transverse grooves and longitudinal grooves, so that the liquid absorption efficiency among the surface layer, the absorbing layer and the catheter layer is improved.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal grooves provided on the absorbing layer extend between the surface layer and the catheter layer.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of transverse grooves are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the absorbing layer in a manner perpendicular to the longitudinal grooves.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves on the upper surface of the absorbing layer is different from the extension direction of the transverse grooves on the lower surface of the absorbing layer.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves on the upper surface of the absorbing layer is perpendicular to the extension direction of the transverse grooves on the lower surface of the absorbing layer.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves on the upper surface of the absorbing layer is parallel to the curling direction of the pressure reducing device.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves on the lower surface of the absorbing layer is perpendicular to the curling direction of the pressure reducing device.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the surface layer and the catheter layer extend beyond the edges of the absorbing layer, so as to form a structure of thick edges in the middle and thin edges.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the surface layer, the absorbing layer and the catheter layer are bonded by a non-woven fabric adhesive layer, so as to ensure that the layers are tightly combined and not easy to be layered.

[0022] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0023] The advantages of the convex design of the surface layer in contact with the nasal mucosa and skin include: ① The convex design can increase the contact area of the patch with the nasal skin and nasal mucosa. The micro-convex design forms multiple microscopic grooves and low points (depressions relative to the nasal mucosa and skin) on the surface of the patch, which can increase the contact area of the patch with the skin and nasal mucosa. When the contact area increases, the same external force is applied to a larger surface, and the pressure per unit area naturally decreases, thereby achieving pressure dispersion. ② The convex design can change the contact pattern between the patch and the skin, making the pressure distribution more uniform. These convexities can help to diffuse the pressure concentrated on a single point to the surrounding area, reducing the phenomenon of excessive local pressure. In this way, the pressure is no longer concentrated on a single high point but is distributed on multiple low points and grooves. ③ The convex design provides cushioning and elasticity. The micro-convex design makes the patch have a certain elasticity and cushioning ability. This elastic property can absorb and alleviate externally applied forces, thereby reducing the pressure on the skin locally. These depressions can deform slightly when under pressure, acting as a cushion to make the pressure more evenly distributed to a wider area. ④ The convex design reduces shear force. Shear force is the force acting on the surface of the skin mucosa parallel to the contact surface, which can easily cause damage to the skin mucosa. The concave structure can reduce the concentration of shear force to some extent, making the shear force acting on the skin more dispersed and gentle, further protecting the skin. ⑤ The nasal skin and nasal mucosa are irregular or uneven surfaces, such as the arc shape of the ala nasi and the folds of the nasal mucosa. The micro-depressions can adapt to these irregularities, forming a larger contact surface. In this way, the concave structure can better distribute and alleviate the local pressure concentration phenomenon caused by irregularities. ⑥ The elasticity and flexibility provided by the micro-convex design allow the patch to dynamically adapt to changes in the shape of the skin and nasal mucosa. When surgical procedures cause slight changes in the contact position between the nose and the catheter, the concave structure can dynamically adjust the contact pressure, avoiding the concentration of pressure on a fixed point, thereby achieving more effective pressure dispersion.

[0024] The absorption layer is provided with transverse grooves and longitudinal grooves. On the one hand, the arrangement of the longitudinal grooves and the transverse grooves helps to diffuse the liquid in all directions and disperse the pressure. Specifically, the longitudinal grooves and the transverse grooves form point or line contact with the micro-convexities of the surface layer and the micro-depressions of the catheter layer, respectively, thereby improving the absorption efficiency. On the other hand, the transverse grooves on the absorption layer reduce the local thickness of the material, thereby reducing the curling stiffness of the absorption layer. When the patch is attached to the catheter, the arrangement of the transverse grooves and the longitudinal grooves reduces the internal stress of the material itself, so the patch is not easy to fall off from the catheter.

[0025] The surface layer features several micro-protrusions. This micro-protrusion design increases the contact area between the adhesive and the skin / mucous membrane. Regarding the nasal structure, the nose has curves and convexities; for example, the area from the nostrils to the tip of the nose, and from the tip to the bridge of the nose, both form curved structures. When the surface layer contacts the nose, the grooves formed by the micro-protrusions provide additional flexibility, allowing the surface layer to bend and deform better to conform to the curves and contours of the nose. This flexibility reduces localized pressure concentration and improves the fit. Specifically, the micro-protrusions help diffuse pressure concentrated at a single point to the surrounding area, reducing excessive localized pressure. The micro-protrusion design of the surface layer ensures that pressure is not concentrated at a single high point but distributed across multiple low points and grooves. The micro-protrusions create multiple localized "locking points" on the nasal skin and nasal mucosa surface. These locking points, through slight indentations, match the protrusions on the skin or nasal mucosa surface, thereby enhancing the stability of the catheter position and reducing friction between the catheter and the nasal skin / mucosa. This feature is particularly important in the nose, a region with high activity and complex curves. The placement of transverse and longitudinal grooves is particularly important for maintaining a secure fit on the catheter, especially in the nasal region, which is frequently in motion and constantly exposed to blood. If the dressing falls off, it cannot be replaced, as nasotracheal decompression dressings are applied before the catheter is inserted into the nasal cavity. The pressure from nasotracheal intubation on the nasal region is often concentrated over a small contact area. The tiny protrusions help distribute this pressure over a wider area, reducing excessive local pressure and providing cushioning. This dispersion and cushioning helps maintain the stability of the dressing on the nose. Furthermore, the area around the nose is prone to blood and secretions accumulation; the transverse and longitudinal grooves help maintain a good fit between the dressing and the catheter layer. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pressure-reducing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view diagram of the pressure-reducing device provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the absorption layer of a preferred embodiment provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the absorption layer of another preferred embodiment provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the surface layer, absorbent layer, and conduit layer provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is an application scenario diagram of the pressure reduction device provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 The relative position diagram of the decompression device and the nasal anatomical structure is provided in the utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 The overall structure diagram of the decompression device of another preferred embodiment provided in the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the adhesive tape and the catheter on the decompression device is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the adhesive tape and the catheter on the decompression device is shown in the figure.

[0036] List of reference signs

[0037] 100: patch; 110: surface layer; 111: micro convex; 120: absorption layer; 121: upper surface; 122: lower surface; 123: transverse groove; 124: longitudinal groove; 130: catheter layer; 140: adhesive tape; 141: notch; 150: connecting belt; 160: catheter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The utility model is described below in combination with the drawings.

[0039] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be explained that the directions or position relations indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "vertical", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the directions or position relations shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular direction, be constructed and operated in a particular direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In the description of the utility model, it needs to be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "provided with", "connected" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "connected" can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances. It needs to be noted that the drawings disclosed in the following embodiments are only for the convenience of explaining the technical features of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementable forms thereof.

[0040] The decompression device provided in the utility model embodies the superiority compared with the prior art in pressure management, liquid absorption efficiency, gas exchange and comfort and the like. These characteristics make the decompression device more efficient and user-friendly in the clinic, and provide better skin care and comfortable experience.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The present embodiment provides a pressure-reducing dressing 100 for preventing pressure injury, in particular, a pressure-reducing dressing 100 for preventing nasal pressure injury caused by nasotracheal intubation, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pressure-reducing dressing 100 adopts a multi-layer structure design to ensure that the dressing 100 is comfortable and easy to use while effectively reducing pressure.

[0043] The pressure-reducing dressing 100 comprises a catheter layer 130 in direct contact with the catheter 160 and a surface layer 110 in contact with the nasal skin and nasal mucosa. An absorption layer 120 is also provided between the catheter layer 130 and the surface layer 110. The surface layer 110 in the present embodiment can also be represented as a skin mucosa layer.

[0044] The skin mucosa layer is a waterproof and breathable layer with waterproof and breathable properties. The skin mucosa layer is preferably made of breathable polyurethane film using skin-friendly materials. The inner side of the skin mucosa surface layer facing the absorption layer is provided with a plurality of micro protrusions 111 to increase the contact area with the absorption layer 120.

[0045] The absorption layer 120 is provided between the catheter layer 130 and the skin mucosa layer, as shown in Figures 3 to 5 The absorption layer 120 is preferably composed of an absorption foam pad, which has high absorption and cushioning effects. The absorption layer 120 is responsible for quickly absorbing liquid to reduce immersion and distribute pressure. The absorption foam pad can be made of polyurethane foam. The absorption foam pad is provided with an open structure to improve absorption efficiency. The open structure of the absorption layer 120 can quickly absorb the liquid passing through the skin mucosa surface layer 130.

[0046] Generally, the contact between the smooth skin mucosa layer and the absorption layer 120 is surface contact, while the micro protrusions 111 of the present embodiment change the contact form between the skin mucosa layer and the absorption layer 120 to point contact or line contact, i.e. the multi-point contact form formed by the micro protrusions 111 and the open structure can achieve more efficient liquid transfer on a micro scale, because the micro protrusions 111 structure can enhance capillary action and promote the transmission of liquid between the two layers. The micro protrusions 111 form many small channels and pores between the skin mucosa layer and the absorption layer 120, and the liquid can move through the small pores, i.e. the small channels and pores formed can significantly improve the transmission speed and efficiency of the liquid, thus improving the overall absorption efficiency. On the other hand, the micro protrusions 111 can help the liquid to be more evenly distributed between the skin mucosa layer and the absorption layer 120, and the uniform liquid distribution not only helps to improve the absorption efficiency, but also effectively manages the wet microenvironment, accordingly, each open hole can absorb liquid faster and more evenly, preventing local over-wetting or drying, and ultimately achieving the purpose of maintaining the comfort and integrity of the nasal skin mucosa.

[0047] Preferably, the side of the skin-mucosa layer of the pressure-reducing device facing the skin of the nose and the mucosa of the nasal cavity is provided with micro-recesses in its central region, at least one of which extends in the direction away from the surface towards the absorption layer. In the thickness direction, at least some of the micro-recesses extend in the form of an inverted cone, the base of which is at the same level as the surface defined by the adjacent other skin-mucosa layer, and the tip of which is close to or even penetrates the side of the absorption layer facing the skin-mucosa layer. Preferably, at least some of the micro-recesses are shaped in the form of a hemisphere on the surface of the skin-mucosa layer in the thickness direction, the side of the hemisphere facing the absorption layer forming a dome-like protrusion that transmits air or moisture to the absorption layer.

[0048] For the inverted cone-shaped recesses, on the one hand, the structure of the recesses, which gradually narrows, allows the pressure received to be evenly distributed to a larger surface area, reducing the risk of local pressure points. That is, the inverted cone-shaped recesses can effectively disperse the pressure concentrated on the skin, thereby reducing the risk of skin damage and pressure injury. On the other hand, the inverted cone-shaped recesses help to direct liquid to the absorption layer 120, as the tips of the recesses are close to or penetrate the absorption layer 120, they can more effectively direct liquid to the absorption layer 120, ensuring dryness of the area covered by the patch, forming effective liquid management. In addition, the inverted cone-shaped recesses can promote air circulation and reduce moisture accumulation. Specifically, the structure of the inverted cone-shaped recesses helps to create a small channel between the absorption layer 120 and the skin-mucosa surface, promoting air circulation and reducing moisture accumulation, thereby reducing the risk of pressure injury.

[0049] For the hemispherical recesses, on the one hand, the recesses in the form of a hemispherical dome structure can disperse pressure better than a flat surface when in contact with the skin-mucosa, reducing friction with the skin-mucosa and improving nasal comfort, making them particularly suitable for long-term use. On the other hand, the dome-like protrusions form small air pockets between the skin-mucosa and the absorption layer, promoting the transmission of air and moisture, which helps to maintain the dryness and coolness of the skin-mucosa surface, i.e. the hemispherical recesses form a small air dome that helps to regulate the microenvironment of the skin-mucosa. In addition, these dome-like structures can direct liquid flow to various parts of the absorption layer 120, rather than concentrating in one area, thereby improving absorption efficiency and avoiding local saturation of the absorption layer.

[0050] For the convenience of description, the surface of the absorbent layer 120 contacting the conduit layer 130 is the lower surface 122, and the surface of the absorbent layer 120 contacting the skin mucosa layer is the upper surface 121. Preferably, the longitudinal grooves 124 provided on the absorbent layer 120 extend between the upper surface 121 and the lower surface 122. In other words, the longitudinal grooves 124 provided on the absorbent layer 120 extend between the conduit layer 130 and the skin mucosa layer. A plurality of transverse grooves 123 are provided on the lower surface 122 and the upper surface 121 of the absorbent layer 120 in a manner perpendicular to the longitudinal grooves 124. Preferably, a transverse groove 123 is designed on the upper surface 121 and the lower surface 122 every 2-3 mm to ensure that the liquid can spread laterally quickly. The specific number depends on the size of the patch 100. The depth of the transverse grooves 123 can be 0.5-1 mm, and the width can be 0.3-0.5 mm, to ensure that the capacity of the grooves is large enough to contain the liquid, but does not affect the structural integrity of the absorbent layer 120. The number of longitudinal grooves 124 can be less than that of the transverse grooves 123, and a longitudinal groove 124 is designed every 4-5 mm to ensure longitudinal liquid transmission and pressure dispersion. The specific number depends on the size of the patch 100. The depth and width of the longitudinal grooves 124 can be the same as those of the transverse grooves 123, i.e., the depth is 0.5-1 mm, and the width is 0.3-0.5 mm. Preferably, the longitudinal grooves 124 are uniformly distributed on the entire surface of the absorbent layer 120 and arranged in an interlaced manner with the transverse grooves 123 to form a grid structure, as shown in FIG. 1C. The arrangement of the longitudinal grooves 124 and the transverse grooves 123 in this embodiment helps the liquid to spread in all directions and disperse the pressure. Figure 4

[0051] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves 123 on the upper surface 121 of the absorbent layer 120 is different from the extension direction of the transverse grooves 123 on the lower surface 122 of the absorbent layer 120. The extension direction of the transverse grooves 123 on the upper surface 121 of the absorbent layer 120 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the transverse grooves 123 on the lower surface 122 of the absorbent layer 120.

[0052] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves 123 on the upper surface 121 of the absorbent layer 120 is parallel to the rolling direction of the patch 100.

[0053] According to a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the transverse grooves 123 on the lower surface 122 of the absorbent layer 120 is perpendicular to the rolling direction of the patch 100.

[0054] The thickness of the absorbent foam pad can be between 2-3 mm, which is not too thick and suitable for the narrow space between the nasal cavity and the conduit 160, providing appropriate cushioning and absorption capacity.

[0055] ​The lateral grooves 123 of the upper surface 121 and the lower surface 122 of the absorbent layer 120 reduce the local thickness of the material, thereby reducing the bending stiffness of the absorbent layer 120. Bending stiffness refers to the ability of a material to resist bending deformation, which is proportional to the thickness and the elastic modulus of the material. The presence of the lateral grooves 123 of the upper surface 121 and the lower surface 122 of the absorbent foam pad is equivalent to thinning the material, which makes the absorbent foam pad more susceptible to bending and folding at these locations. That is, it reduces the internal stress generated during the rolling process. When the dressing 100 is rolled onto the catheter 160, due to the thickness of the absorbent foam pad itself, the rolled absorbent foam pad will have a greater force to restore its original shape and is prone to cause the dressing 100 to come off the catheter 160 during a long surgical procedure. The provision of the lateral grooves 123 of the present embodiment reduces the occurrence of such an accident.

[0056] The skin-mucosa layer in direct contact with the nasal skin and the nasal mucosa is made of a skin-friendly material. The skin-mucosa layer is preferably made of soft silicone and a breathable polyurethane film, which has high breathability and water resistance. The surface of the skin-mucosa layer in direct contact with the nasal skin and the nasal mucosa is provided with a plurality of micro-depressions. The design of the micro-depressions can increase the contact area of the dressing 100 with the skin. The micro-depressions of the skin-mucosa layer form a plurality of local low points on the surface of the skin-mucosa layer facing the nasal skin and the nasal mucosa, so that the dressing 100 can be more closely fitted to the micro-uneven surface of the nasal skin and the nasal mucosa. The skin surface is not completely smooth, and there are pores, fine wrinkles and other microstructures. The micro-depressions can better match these microstructures, thereby increasing the overall contact area and improving the fit. The micro-depressions on the skin-mucosa layer can better fit the natural undulations of the skin, reducing the gap between the dressing 100 and the skin. This setting not only helps to improve the fit, but also reduces the possibility of the dressing 100 sliding on the nose. Stable fit performance can prevent the generation of friction and shear force, thereby reducing the risk of skin damage.

[0057] The surface of the conduit layer 130 towards the conduit 160 is preferably provided with an adhesive surface to secure the patch 100 around the conduit 160. Preferably, the conduit layer 130 extends beyond the edge of the absorbent layer 120 to the edge of the dermal layer. That is, the dermal layer and the conduit layer 130 can completely cover the absorbent layer 120, with the absorbent layer 120 being disposed in the middle region of the dermal layer and the conduit layer 130, which arrangement results in the patch 100 having a middle-thick edge-thin structure, which allows the edges of the patch 100 to better conform to the surface of the conduit when rolled and secured to the conduit. The middle of the patch 100 has a three-layer structure of the conduit layer 130, the absorbent layer 120 and the dermal layer, and the edges have a two-layer structure of the conduit layer 130 and the dermal layer. The thicker middle portion provides sufficient support and absorption capacity, while the thinner edges can better conform to the surface of the conduit, reducing the likelihood of lifting or falling off, thereby improving stability. In addition, a schematic view of the tracheal intubation using the patch 100 of the present embodiment is shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The anatomical structure of the nose makes its surface uneven, with many curved surfaces and protrusions. The middle-thick edge-thin design of the patch 100 can better conform to the curved surfaces of the nose, providing more comfortable support. When the patch 100 is rolled and secured to the conduit and acts on the nose of the patient, the diagonal junctions of the rolled patch 100 are preferably flush with the alae nasi (the lateral boundary of the nostrils), i.e. the thicker middle region formed conforms to the contour of the nostrils. The thicker middle region increases the contact area of the patch 100 with the nasal cavity and surrounding tissues, thereby distributing the pressure applied to the nose. The design of the thinner edges can reduce the frictional force of the patch 100 with the skin or tissues of other parts, and the thinner edges are more easily adapted to the shape and movement of the skin, thus reducing skin damage caused by friction.

[0058] The patch 100 is preferably designed as a quadrilateral, such as a square. Preferably, the conduit layer 130 and the dermal layer are designed as squares of the same size, for example with a side length of 5.5 cm. Preferably, the absorbent layer 120 is designed as a square, for example with a side length of 5 cm. One corner of the square is arc-shaped, which is used to adhere to the lower end of the conduit 160 at the nasal cavity, to reduce wrinkles on the surface of the adhered patch.

[0059] The conduit layer 130, the absorbent layer 120 and the dermal layer are bonded by a non-woven adhesive layer to ensure that the layers are tightly bonded and not easily delaminated.

[0060] According to one preferred embodiment, Figure 6The application scenario of the reduced pressure dressing 100 provided in the embodiment is shown in the figure. The two opposite ends of the dressing 100 are provided with adhesive tapes 140. The adhesive tapes 140 are preferably arranged at the two opposite ends of the skin mucosa layer, so as to fix the catheter 160 on the face of the patient when the dressing 100 surrounds the catheter 160, and avoid displacement of the catheter 160. That is, after the dressing 100 formed by the catheter layer 130, the absorption layer 120 and the skin mucosa layer is fixed on the catheter 160, the two adhesive tapes 140 extend towards each other to surround the catheter 160, and meanwhile, the free ends of the adhesive tapes 140 continue to extend to the face of the patient, so as to fix the catheter 160 on the face of the patient. The adhesive tapes 140 are preferably soft and breathable adhesive tapes. The adhesive tapes 150 are wound on the catheter 160, and the extension sections of the adhesive tapes 150 are attached to the face of the patient, so as to ensure that the catheter 160 will not be displaced due to the change of the body position of the patient.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, the long edges of the adhesive tapes 140 are further provided with arc-shaped notches 141. The arc-shaped notches 141 of the two opposite adhesive tapes 140 face different directions. Since the catheter 160 usually has a certain curvature, especially when inserted into the nose, the outer surface of the catheter 160 is not completely flat. The arc-shaped notches 141 are designed to leave space for better adaptation to the arc surface of the catheter 160 when the adhesive tapes 140 are wound towards each other. The arc-shaped notch 141 of the first adhesive tape is designed upwards on one of the long edges, so that it can naturally fit the arc surface of the catheter 160 from above when wound. The arc-shaped notch 141 of the second adhesive tape is designed in the opposite direction on the long edge different from that of the first adhesive tape, which makes the adhesive tapes 140 naturally fit the arc surface of the catheter 160 from below when wound. This bidirectional design ensures that the adhesive tapes 140 can uniformly fit the entire arc surface of the catheter 160 during winding. In addition, the presence of the arc-shaped notches 141 helps to disperse the stress generated during winding of the adhesive tapes, avoiding the risk of breakage due to stress concentration. Especially when the two adhesive tapes 140 are wound towards each other, the different directions of the arc-shaped notches 141 can effectively disperse the stress, ensuring that the stress on the adhesive tapes 140 in different directions is more uniform, further improving the fixing stability of the dressing 100.

[0062] The size of the adhesive tapes 140 is, for example, 8 cm in length and 1 cm in width. According to the embodiment, the adhesive tapes 140 are also flexibly adjusted according to the thickness of the catheter 160 and the individual differences of the patient, to ensure that the fixing effect of the dressing 100 and the catheter 160 is optimal.

[0063] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of arc-shaped notches 141 are formed on the long edges of the two adhesive tapes 140 at a certain interval. For example, the interval is 1 cm, and 2 or 3 arc-shaped notches 141 are formed on the long edges of the two adhesive tapes 140. The width of the arc-shaped notches 141 is, for example, 0.5 cm.

[0064] For the convenience of description, in this embodiment, the surface of the adhesive tape 140 facing the catheter layer 130 is defined as the front surface, and the surface opposite to the front surface is defined as the back surface. Preferably, the front surface of the adhesive tape 140 is adhesive, and when the adhesive tape 140 is extended to the face of the patient, the front surface of the adhesive tape 140 is attached to the face of the patient to fix the catheter 160.

[0065] Embodiment 2

[0066] This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 1, and the repeated contents will not be described again.

[0067] This embodiment provides a pressure ulcer prevention dressing 100, which comprises a catheter layer 130, an absorbent layer 120, and a surface layer 110, as shown in Figure 8 .

[0068] According to this embodiment, two connecting tapes 150 for fixing the extended section of the catheter 160 are further provided on the outer surface of the surface layer 110 facing away from the absorbent layer 120, as shown in Figure 8 . The connecting tapes 150 have fixed ends connected to the surface layer 110 and free ends for fixing the extended section of the catheter 160. The fixed ends of the connecting tapes 150 are preferably located at the central position of the outer surface of the surface layer 110 facing away from the absorbent layer 120. The length of the connecting tapes 150 is sufficient to wrap around the extended section of the catheter 160. The size of the connecting tapes 150 on the outer surface of the surface layer 110 facing away from the absorbent layer 120 of the dressing 100 is designed to be adjustable, and they are firmly fixed on the catheter 160 by means of Velcro or other fixing devices. The size of the connecting tapes 150 is designed to be adjustable, so as to be flexibly adjusted according to the thickness of the catheter 160 and the individual differences of the patient. For example, the length of the connecting tapes 150 is 5-10 cm, and the width is 0.5-1.5 cm. The connecting tapes 150 are preferably made of soft and breathable medical materials. The two ends of the connecting tapes 150 are preferably designed as magic tapes, which are convenient for quick fixing and adjustment.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the catheter 160 is inserted into the nasal cavity of the human body, the part of the catheter 160 away from the nasal cavity is referred to as the extended section of the catheter 160. The part of the catheter 160 extending from the nasal cavity to the external environment is reversely bent, and the connecting tapes 150 can firmly fix the extended section of the catheter 160 on the dressing 100, as shown in Figure 9 , so as to prevent the catheter 160 from being displaced or rubbing against the skin of the human body due to the reverse bending, and reduce the damage to the human body.

[0070] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions under the inspiration of the disclosure of the present application, and these solutions also belong to the disclosed range of the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present application specification contains multiple invention concepts, such as "preferably" and "according to a preferred embodiment", which all indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application according to each invention concept. Throughout the text, the features introduced by "preferably" are only optional ways and should not be understood as necessarily provided, so the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A pressure-reducing device for preventing pressure injuries, wherein the pressure-reducing device has a multi-layer structure, characterized in that, The pressure relief device includes: The surface layer (110) in contact with the nasal mucosa and skin, and the duct layer (130) in direct contact with the duct (160), An absorbent layer (120) is also provided between the surface layer (110) and the conduit layer (130) to absorb liquid and reduce immersion. The surface layer (110) has multiple micro-protrusions on its inner side facing the absorbent layer (120), so that the contact between the surface layer (110) and the absorbent layer (120) becomes point contact, thereby enabling the pressure-reducing device to better fit the uneven surface of the nasal skin and mucous membrane. The surface of the conduit layer (130) that is in direct contact with the conduit (160) is provided with an adhesive layer.

2. The pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorbent layer (120) is provided with transverse grooves (123) and longitudinal grooves (124) to improve the liquid absorption efficiency between the surface layer (110), the absorbent layer (120) and the conduit layer (130).

3. The pressure-reducing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal groove (124) disposed in the absorbent layer (120) extends between the surface layer (110) and the conduit layer (130).

4. The pressure reducing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The absorbent layer (120) has a plurality of transverse grooves (123) arranged on its lower surface (122) and upper surface (121) in a manner perpendicular to the longitudinal grooves (124).

5. The pressure reducing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extension direction of the transverse groove (123) on the upper surface (121) of the absorption layer (120) is different from the extension direction of the transverse groove (123) on the lower surface (122) of the absorption layer (120).

6. The pressure reducing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extension direction of the transverse groove (123) on the upper surface (121) of the absorption layer (120) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the transverse groove (123) on the lower surface (122) of the absorption layer (120).

7. The pressure reducing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transverse groove (123) on the upper surface (121) of the absorbent layer (120) extends in a direction parallel to the curling direction of the pressure reducing device.

8. The pressure reducing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transverse groove (123) on the lower surface (122) of the absorbent layer (120) extends perpendicularly to the curling direction of the pressure reducing device.

9. The pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface layer (110) and the conduit layer (130) extend beyond the edge of the absorbent layer (120) to form a structure that is thick in the middle and thin at the edges.

10. The pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface layer (110), absorbent layer (120) and conduit layer (130) are bonded together by a nonwoven adhesive layer to ensure that the layers are tightly bonded and not easily delaminated.

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