Wireless measurement method for wave impedance real-model test of high tower

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lightning current measurement, in particular to a wireless measurement method for a high tower wave impedance real-model test. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps that a three-dimensional model with the size proportion of 1: 1 to an actual tower is established in simulation software based on structural parameters of the actual tower, and the model is segmented; and applying a standard lightning current signal to the tower top of the three-dimensional model in simulation to obtain a simulation voltage value of each section of tower. A traditional potential line is replaced by the wireless measurement module, coupling interference is eliminated, and the wave impedance measurement precision is remarkably improved; the trigger voltage is pre-judged by adopting sectional type wireless networking and simulation, so that field wiring is simplified, and the test period is shortened; the system is suitable for high-rise towers of different heights and structures, stable data transmission in a complex environment is ensured in combination with a wireless transmission system deployed in a layered mode, meanwhile, the electrical characteristics of the towers under transient lightning current are accurately captured, and a reliable basis is provided for lightning protection design and electromagnetic compatibility optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning current measurement, and particularly to a wireless measurement method for the true model test of the wave impedance of high-rise poles and towers. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of power systems and communication engineering, the wave impedance measurement of high-rise poles and towers (such as transmission towers and communication towers) is a key technology for evaluating their lightning protection performance and electromagnetic compatibility characteristics. Traditional measurement methods mainly rely on theoretical models and limited wired measurement means, and have the following significant defects: Limitations of theoretical models: Calculation methods based on geometric parameters (such as Jordan formula) or equivalent transmission line models do not fully consider the skin effect of high-frequency signals, the dynamic response of the grounding system, and the electromagnetic coupling effect of the surrounding environment, resulting in a large deviation between the simulation results and the actual working conditions.

[0003] Defects of wired measurement: When using a multimeter or an LCR meter to measure DC or power frequency impedance, parasitic coupling is easily formed with the pole and tower body due to the difference in the length of the test line, introducing additional interference; and it is impossible to capture the dynamic characteristics of transient high-frequency signals such as lightning current (such as 8 / 20 μs waveform), making it difficult to meet the requirements of lightning protection design.

[0004] Operational complexity and low efficiency: Existing true model tests require a large number of potential wires to be arranged at different heights of the pole and tower, with high wiring difficulty and long time consumption. Especially when implementing for ultra-high-rise poles and towers (such as above 300 meters), the safety risks and costs increase significantly.

[0005] In recent years, the combination of differential oscilloscopes and wireless transmission technology has provided new ideas for wave impedance measurement, but the existing solutions still have the following problems: Trigger threshold depends on empirical setting: Without combining simulation to predict the voltage distribution, resulting in insufficient measurement sensitivity or false triggering; Insufficient signal coverage stability: A single router is difficult to meet the wireless transmission requirements of ultra-high-rise poles and towers, with a high data packet loss rate; Limited applicable scenarios: There is no standardized guidance for the pole and tower segmentation rules and installation positions, making it difficult to adapt to poles and towers with complex structures.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need for a high-precision and high-efficiency wireless measurement method that can eliminate the interference of traditional measurement lines, accurately capture transient characteristics, and be applicable to the true model test scenarios of diverse high-rise poles and towers. Therefore, this application proposes a wireless measurement method for the true model test of the wave impedance of high-rise poles and towers. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to address the problems in the background art where using a multimeter or an LCR meter to measure DC or power frequency impedance cannot reflect high-frequency or transient characteristics, and due to the varying lengths of the test leads, it is easy to have a coupling effect with the tower itself, thus affecting the measurement results. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of high-rise towers is proposed.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention: A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of high-rise towers includes the following steps: S1. Based on the structural parameters of the actual high-rise tower, establish a three-dimensional model with a 1:1 size ratio to the actual tower in simulation software and segment the model. S2. Apply a standard lightning current signal to the top of the three-dimensional model in the simulation software, obtain the simulation voltage value of each section of the tower, and set the trigger voltage of the corresponding section differential oscilloscope according to the simulation voltage value. S3. Install a differential oscilloscope at the center position of each section of the actual tower, with its positive and negative terminals respectively connected to the tower measurement point and the grounding end; inject a lightning current signal into the top of the tower. When the actual voltage reaches the trigger voltage, the differential oscilloscope records the real-time voltage signal and transmits it to the data processing terminal. S4. Remotely read the voltage signal through a wireless transmission module and calculate the wave impedance of each section of the tower in combination with the injected current.

[0009] Optionally, in step S2, the trigger voltage of each section differential oscilloscope is one-fifth of the simulation voltage value of this section, that is: where is the voltage value of the th section of the tower in the simulation, and is the trigger voltage of the th section differential oscilloscope.

[0010] Optionally, in step S4, the wave impedance of each section of the tower is calculated by the following formula: where is the actual voltage value of the th section of the tower, and

[0011] is the amplitude of the lightning current signal injected into the top of the tower.

[0012] Optionally, the segmentation method in S1 is consistent with the actual tower construction platform distribution, and the segmentation lengths are non-equidistant.

[0013] Optionally, the wireless transmission module includes a router and a power supply, the router forms a local area network through a fixed IP address, and the console computer accesses the data processing terminal through a remote connection.

[0014] Optionally, the standard lightning current signal is an 8 / 20μs waveform with an amplitude range of 0.1kA-10kA.

[0015] Optionally, the lightning current signal amplitude The lightning current signal applied in the simulation Consistent, that is .

[0016] Optionally, the three-dimensional model includes tower material properties, grounding system parameters and surrounding electromagnetic environment coupling effects.

[0017] Optionally, the routers are deployed in layers at the bottom, middle and top of the tower to enhance signal coverage stability.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By replacing the traditional measurement line with a wireless transmission module, the coupling effect caused by the layout of the auxiliary potential line is eliminated, the measurement error is effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the wave impedance data is improved. The segmented wireless measurement solution is adopted to reduce the complex wiring requirements and simplify the on-site installation process; combined with simulation to predict the trigger voltage, the test preparation time is shortened and the overall efficiency is improved.

[0019] By using multiple differential oscilloscopes to measure the real-time voltage of tall towers in segments, it is possible to measure their wave impedance values. There are no special restrictions on the tower structure and size, and it can be adapted to tall towers of different heights and platform distributions to meet diverse engineering needs. By using a differential oscilloscope to record transient voltage signals in real time, combined with standard lightning current waveform injection, it can accurately reflect the electrical characteristics of the tower under high-frequency electromagnetic fields or lightning impulses.

[0020] Adopt layered deployment of routers and fixed IP LAN to ensure stable wireless signal coverage, support remote control and real-time data transmission, and adapt to complex on-site environments.

[0021] The present invention replaces traditional potential lines with wireless measurement modules to eliminate coupling interference and significantly improve the measurement accuracy of wave impedance. It adopts segmented wireless networking and simulated predicted trigger voltage to simplify on-site wiring and shorten the test cycle. It is suitable for towering poles and towers of different heights and structures, combined with a layered wireless transmission system to ensure stable data transmission in complex environments, while accurately capturing the electrical characteristics of poles and towers under transient lightning currents, providing a reliable basis for lightning protection design and electromagnetic compatibility optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1It is a flowchart of a wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high-rise tower; Figure 2 It is the experimental circuit diagram in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the differential measurement module diagram in the embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation manner

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] The present invention provides a wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model experiment of a high-rise tower, which is applied to lightning current measurement and takes a certain true high-rise tower as the object. Differential oscilloscopes are arranged in sections on the certain true high-rise tower to measure the tower voltage. The wireless measurement realizes remote data transmission at both ends by establishing a local area network, and calculates the wave impedance of the tower by calculating the transmitted voltage signal and the current signal at the top of the tower.

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model experiment of a high-rise tower, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 1, establish a three-dimensional model of the high-rise tower in Comsol. This model is an equal-ratio tower according to the structure of the actual high-rise tower and with a size ratio of 1:1 to the actual tower. The height of the high-rise tower in this experiment is 351 meters.

[0026] Step 2, segment the equal-ratio model of the high-rise tower. The tower is divided into 13 segments, and measurement points are set at 5, 16.3, 42.35, 75.7, 126, 145.2, 192.5, 220.3, 242, 279.5, 302.5, 323, 351 m. Apply a lightning current signal to the model tower in Comsol, and the voltage values at the measurement points of each segment of the tower are measured and obtained as , , … . Take one-fifth of the measurement results as the trigger voltages , , … of the HP3 differential oscilloscope.

[0027] Step 3, segment the experimental high-rise tower according to Step 2. As Figure 1The experimental tower was divided into 13 sections, and an HP3 differential oscilloscope was installed at the center of each section. A lightning current signal was applied to the top of the tower using a power generator. The test used an impulse current with a waveform of 8 / 20μs and an amplitude of 0.25kA.

[0028] like Figure 2 The main test circuit is composed of an impulse current generator, current leads, and a tall pole tower. Since the pole tower is 350 meters high, three routers are installed on the lower cross arm, middle, and bottom of the tower to generate a stable local area network. The impulse current signal is generated by the impulse current generator and fed into the tower through the current injection line. The computer is used to obtain the measured tower voltage data.

[0029] Unlimited measurement modules for each tower section Figure 3 , respectively set the trigger voltage of the differential oscilloscope , , … Then, connect it to the Intel computer stick and be powered by the charging power supply. When the current generator generates the injection current And the actual voltage value of the tower Reach its trigger voltage value When the differential oscilloscope starts to work and record the real-time voltage signal, the measured voltage signal is transmitted to the Intel computer stick, and the charging power supply powers the computer stick.

[0030] Step 4: Integrate the wireless transmission module. The wireless transmission module in this experiment consists of 3 routers and a charging power supply. The local area network is established through the router, and the console computer remotely controls the computer stick through the local area network. The specific operations are as follows: Step 1: Establish a LAN through a router (establish network 192.168.1.1 according to the instructions); Step 2: Control Panel - Network and Sharing Center - Change Adapter Settings (select the network card connected to the network) - Properties - IPV4 (set fixed IP 192.168.1.15); Step 3: Set the username and password of the controlled computer: Control Panel-User Account-Manage Other Accounts-Double-click the local account-Create a password-Open Remote Desktop Connection.

[0031] The measured voltage signal is read. The ratio of the voltage value of each section of the tower to the injected current is the wave impedance value of the section of the tower. For example, the calculation expression of the wave impedance of the first section of the tower is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] in is the voltage value of the first section of the tower, is the current value flowing into the tower from the top of the tower.

[0034] The same, the wave impedance of each pole tower can be calculated.

[0035] In this embodiment, by establishing a 1:1 three-dimensional model in COMSOL and performing segmented simulations, the voltage distributions of each section of the pole tower are accurately obtained, and based on this, the trigger voltage ( ) is set to avoid the problems of insufficient sensitivity or false triggering caused by traditional empirical thresholds, and significantly improve the measurement reliability. A wireless measurement module composed of an HP3 differential oscilloscope and an Intel computer stick is used to replace the traditional potential wire connection, completely eliminating the parasitic coupling effect between the measurement wire and the pole tower, and ensuring the pure acquisition of transient voltage signals (such as 8 / 20 μs lightning current).

[0036] It should be noted that according to the non-uniform segmentation of the actual platform of the pole tower, it adapts to complex structures; by deploying multiple routers in layers (bottom, middle, top), a redundant local area network is constructed to ensure full wireless signal coverage and real-time stable data transmission for pole towers over 350 meters. The movable lithium battery pack can continuously supply power to the computer stick for more than 8 hours, supporting long-term experiments; the console can be remotely accessed through a fixed IP to achieve centralized processing of multi-section data, greatly shortening the test cycle.

[0037] Furthermore, the trigger voltage predicted by simulation and the actual segmented measurement form a closed-loop feedback, which not only reduces the on-site debugging time, but also calibrates the model parameters through the measured data, further improving the accuracy of subsequent simulations. The collaborative design of the wireless measurement module (differential oscilloscope + computer stick) and the wireless transmission module (router + power supply) realizes the full-process automation of "acquisition - transmission - analysis", reduces manual intervention, and is especially suitable for harsh high-altitude environments. The combination of the high-frequency sampling ability of the differential oscilloscope (recording the characteristics of transient lightning current) and the segmentation flexibility (adapting to pole towers with different heights and platform distributions) enables the method to not only meet the harsh requirements of lightning protection design for transient characteristics, but also be widely applied to the detection of pole towers in multiple fields such as power transmission and transformation and communication. The wireless solution saves a large amount of cable costs and the risk of climbing the tower for wiring, and at the same time, the layered router deployment enhances the signal at a relatively low cost, providing an economical and efficient solution for large-scale engineering applications.

[0038] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of tall poles and towers, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Based on the structural parameters of the actual tall tower, establish a three-dimensional model with a 1:1 size ratio to the actual tower in the simulation software, and segment the model; S2. Apply a standard lightning current signal to the top of the three-dimensional model in the simulation software, obtain the simulated voltage value of each section of the tower, and set the trigger voltage of the corresponding section of the differential oscilloscope according to the simulated voltage value; S3. Install a differential oscilloscope at the center position of each section of the actual tower, with its positive and negative terminals respectively connected to the tower measurement point and the grounding end; inject a lightning current signal into the top of the tower. When the actual voltage reaches the trigger voltage, the differential oscilloscope records the real-time voltage signal and transmits it to the data processing terminal; S4. Remotely read the voltage signal through the wireless transmission module, and calculate the wave impedance of each section of the tower in combination with the injected current.

2. The wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high tower pole according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the trigger voltage of each segment of the differential oscilloscope is one-fifth of the simulation voltage value of this segment, that is: wherein, is the voltage value of the th tower in the simulation, and is the trigger voltage of the th segment of the differential oscilloscope.

3. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high and slender pole tower according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the wave impedance of each section of the pole tower is calculated by the following formula: where is the actual voltage value of the section of the pole tower, and is the amplitude of the lightning current signal injected into the tower top.

4. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high tower pole, according to claim 1, characterized in that The segmentation method in S1 is consistent with the distribution of the actual tower construction platform.

5. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high tower pole, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive and negative measurement lines of the differential oscilloscope are of equal length and are connected to the Intel Compute Stick through a USB interface. The data processing terminal is an Intel Compute Stick pre-installed with drivers and measurement software.

6. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high tower pole, according to claim 1, characterized in that The wireless transmission module includes a router and a power supply. The router forms a local area network through a fixed IP address, and the console computer accesses the data processing terminal through a remote connection.

7. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of tall pole towers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The standard lightning current signal is an 8 / 20 μs waveform, and the amplitude range is 0.1 kA - 10 kA.

8. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high tower pole, according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amplitude of the lightning current signal is consistent with the lightning current signal applied in the simulation , that is .

9. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of high towers and poles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional model includes the tower material properties, grounding system parameters, and the coupling effect of the surrounding electromagnetic environment.

10. A wireless measurement method for the wave impedance true model test of a high-rise pole tower according to claim 6, characterized in that The router is hierarchically deployed at the bottom, middle, and top of the tower.

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