A graphene-containing power cable

Abstract

The application discloses a graphene-containing power cable, and relates to the technical field of power cables, which comprises, from inside to outside, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer and a sheath layer; the conductor layer is made of the following raw materials: Si, rare earth elements, Mg, Ag, Ti, Ca, Zn, Hf, B, graphene nanosheets, Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of the following raw materials: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, graphene, carbon nanofibers, nano-titanium dioxide, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a lubricant. The power cable has good conductivity, corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance and weather resistance, and has good mechanical properties and shielding performance, and is safe and environmentally friendly to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power cable technology, and more particularly to a graphene-containing power cable. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power transmission, power cables are key components for transmitting electrical energy, and their performance directly affects the stability and transmission efficiency of the power system. With the rapid development of the social economy, the demand for electricity is increasing, placing higher demands on the performance of power cables.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream power cables use copper or aluminum conductors. While copper and aluminum possess good conductivity, under high loads and long-distance transmission, resistance leads to significant energy loss, wasting energy and causing a rapid increase in conductor temperature, accelerating cable insulation aging, and even triggering fires and other safety accidents, seriously threatening the safe operation of the power system. It is in this context that graphene-containing power cables have emerged, attracting widespread attention within the industry. However, existing graphene-containing power cables still suffer from various technical shortcomings, including insufficient flexibility and mechanical properties, uneven conductivity and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, poor insulation performance of the cable material, and the need for further improvement in corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance, and weather resistance, as well as a need to extend their service life.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, Chinese invention patent CN109390072B discloses a graphene cable, comprising a central conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulation layer, an insulation shielding layer, and an outer sheath layer. The central conductor is sequentially covered by the conductor shielding layer, the insulation layer, the insulation shielding layer, and the outer sheath layer. The central conductor consists of at least two soft copper conductors coated with a graphene-silver nanofiber composite film forming a core bundle. The graphene-silver nanofiber composite film includes a first graphene layer and a second graphene layer, and a silver nanofiber layer sandwiched between the first and second graphene layers. This graphene cable exhibits good flexibility, waterproofing, resistance to crushing, tensile strength, and bending resistance, as well as a long lifespan. However, the use of the graphene-silver nanofiber composite film in this cable makes it expensive, and it also suffers from insufficient environmental performance, and its high-temperature resistance and weather resistance still need further improvement.

[0005] It is evident that developing a graphene-containing power cable with excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, weather resistance, good mechanical and shielding properties, and safe and environmentally friendly operation meets market demands, has broad market value and application prospects, and is of great significance to promoting the development of the power cable industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a graphene-containing power cable with excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, good mechanical properties and shielding performance, and safe and environmentally friendly use.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a graphene-containing power cable, comprising, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer; the conductor layer is made of the following raw materials in weight percentage: Si 0.2-0.3%, rare earth elements 0.05-0.55%, Mg 0.5-1%, Ag 0.1-0.5%, Ti 0.05-0.2%, Ca 0.05-0.2%, Zn 0.1-0.5%, Hf 0.05-0.15%, B 0.001-0.04% of graphene nanosheets, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities; the inner and outer shielding layers are independently made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-8 parts of graphene, 1-2 parts of carbon nanofibers, 5-10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of coupling agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.5-0.8 parts of lubricant.

[0008] Preferably, the rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:(1-3):(0.2-0.4).

[0009] Preferably, the graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm, a thickness of 3-10 nm, are numbered XF021, have CAS number 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0010] Preferably, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical.

[0011] Preferably, the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, with CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0012] Preferably, the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 80-100 nm and a length of 20-200 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 10-80 nm.

[0014] Preferably, the coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, and silane coupling agent KH570.

[0015] Preferably, the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1010, and antioxidant 1076; and the lubricant is at least one of ethylene bis-stearamide and butyl stearate.

[0016] Preferably, the insulating layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 3-5 parts graphene oxide, and 3-5 parts cellulose nanocrystals.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec.

[0018] Preferably, the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, designated as XF002-2, with CAS number 7440-44-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0019] Preferably, the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm, and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0020] Preferably, the sheath layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 3-5 parts graphene, 4-6 parts calcium carbonate, 0.6-1 parts silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5-0.8 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.3-0.5 parts calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0021] Preferably, there are no special requirements for the source of the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer. In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN114634623B.

[0022] Preferably, the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000-1500 mesh.

[0023] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed in this invention comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. Through such structural design and reasonable selection of materials for each layer, the structural stability of the power cable can be effectively improved, thereby extending its service life.

[0025] (2) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed in this invention comprises the following raw materials in weight percentage: Si 0.2-0.3%, rare earth elements 0.05-0.55%, Mg 0.5-1%, Ag 0.1-0.5%, Ti 0.05-0.2%, Ca 0.05-0.2%, Zn 0.1-0.5%, Hf 0.05-0.15%, B The inner and outer shielding layers are made independently of each other and are composed of the following raw materials by weight: 80-90 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-8 parts graphene, 1-2 parts carbon nanofibers, 5-10 parts nano titanium dioxide, 0.8-1.2 parts coupling agent, 0.8-1.2 parts antioxidant, and 0.5-0.8 parts lubricant. Through the synergistic effect of these raw materials, the resulting graphene-containing power cable exhibits excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, weather resistance, good mechanical and shielding properties, and is safe and environmentally friendly. The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:(1-3):(0.2-0.4); the addition of these specific rare earth elements helps to purify impurities and refine grain size in the aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, the rare earth elements in this composition can reduce the impurity content in aluminum alloys, reduce the obstruction to electron conduction, and thus improve the conductivity of aluminum alloys. Rare earth elements can form compounds with other elements in aluminum alloys, and these compounds can be dispersed in the aluminum alloy matrix, playing a strengthening role. At the same time, the refined grains also improve the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. Adding an appropriate amount of magnesium to aluminum alloys has a relatively small impact on conductivity, while also improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys to a certain extent, indirectly protecting the conductivity of aluminum alloys from corrosion. Magnesium is one of the commonly used strengthening elements in aluminum alloys. It can dissolve into the aluminum matrix, producing a solid solution strengthening effect, improving the strength and hardness of aluminum alloys. At the same time, magnesium can also improve the processing and welding properties of aluminum alloys. Adding a small amount of calcium to aluminum alloys helps to remove gases and impurities from the aluminum alloy, improves the purity of the alloy, and thus reduces electron scattering, which has a certain effect on improving conductivity. At the same time, calcium can also refine the grains, making the structure more uniform, which is also conducive to improving conductivity. Hf (Hydrogenfuran) in aluminum alloys can refine grains, dissolving into the aluminum lattice to form a solid solution, which can improve the strength and hardness of aluminum alloys while having a relatively small impact on conductivity. The addition of Hf can also improve the thermal stability and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. By adding graphene nanosheets to the conductor layer, conductor resistance is reduced, thus reducing power loss. Through the rational selection of the conductor layer composition formula, the synergistic effect of the various raw materials results in a conductor layer with excellent conductivity, durability, and mechanical properties.

[0026] (3) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed in this invention introduces graphene into the power cable through doping, reducing its usage and significantly lowering the manufacturing cost. The shielding layer adopts an inner and outer shielding layer configuration, which can effectively improve the shielding effect. Graphene and carbon nanofibers are added to the shielding layer simultaneously. Their combined effect can effectively and uniformly distribute the electric field, block external electromagnetic interference, and reduce its own electromagnetic radiation. Graphene quantum dots and carbon nanofibers interlock to form a conductive network, and nano-titanium dioxide is uniformly dispersed in the gaps between the networks. This structure not only effectively and uniformly distributes the electric field but also has excellent weather resistance and resistance to electrical tree growth.

[0027] (4) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed in this invention has an insulation layer made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 3-5 parts graphene oxide, and 3-5 parts cellulose nanocrystals. The graphene oxide and cellulose nanocrystal composite modifier added to the insulation layer improves the insulation resistance and breakdown voltage of the insulation layer, enhances the insulation performance of the cable, and extends the service life of the cable. It also improves the mechanical properties through a dispersion strengthening mechanism.

[0028] (5) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed in this invention is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 3-5 parts of graphene, 4-6 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6-1 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5-0.8 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 0.3-0.5 parts of calcium stearate. Through the synergistic effect of the raw materials, the power cable has sufficient corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 0.2%, rare earth elements 0.05%, Mg 0.5%, Ag 0.1%, Ti 0.05%, Ca 0.05%, Zn 0.1%, Hf 0.05%, B 0.001%, graphene nanosheets 0.2%, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities. The inner and outer shielding layers are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 80 parts, graphene 5 parts, carbon nanofibers 1 part, nano-titanium dioxide 5 parts, coupling agent 0.8 parts, antioxidant 0.8 parts, and lubricant 0.5 parts.

[0032] The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.2; the graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm, are designated XF021, have CAS number 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, is designated XF001W, has CAS number 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 80 nm and a length of 20 μm; the nano-titanium dioxide has a particle size of 10 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH550; the antioxidant is antioxidant 168; and the lubricant is ethylene bis-stearamide.

[0033] The insulating layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 3 parts graphene oxide, and 3 parts cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, designated as XF002-2, CAS number 7440-44-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] The sheath layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 3 parts graphene, 4 parts calcium carbonate, 0.6 parts silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.3 parts calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 0.23%, rare earth elements 0.2%, Mg 0.6%, Ag 0.2%, Ti 0.09%, Ca 0.1%, Zn 0.2%, Hf 0.08%, B 0.01%, graphene nanosheets 0.25%, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities. The inner and outer shielding layers are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 83 parts, graphene 6 parts, carbon nanofibers 1.2 parts, nano-titanium dioxide 7 parts, coupling agent 0.9 parts, antioxidant 0.9 parts, and lubricant 0.6 parts.

[0037] The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.25; the graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm, are designated XF021, have CAS number 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, is designated XF001W, has CAS number 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 85 nm and a length of 80 μm; the nano-titanium dioxide has a particle size of 30 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH560; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010; and the lubricant is butyl stearate.

[0038] The insulating layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 3.5 parts graphene oxide, and 3.5 parts cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, designated as XF002-2, CAS number 7440-44-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm, and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0039] The sheath layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 3.5 parts graphene, 4.5 parts calcium carbonate, 0.7 parts silane coupling agent KH570, 0.6 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.35 parts calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1100 mesh.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 0.25%, rare earth elements 0.35%, Mg 0.75%, Ag 0.3%, Ti 0.12%, Ca 0.12%, Zn 0.3%, Hf 0.1%, B 0.025%, graphene nanosheets 0.3%, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities. The inner and outer shielding layers are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 85 parts, graphene 6.5 parts, carbon nanofibers 1.5 parts, nano-titanium dioxide 8 parts, coupling agent 1 part, antioxidant 1 part, and lubricant 0.65 parts.

[0042] The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3; the graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm, are designated XF021, have CAS number 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, is designated XF001W, has CAS number 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 90 nm and a length of 130 μm; the nano-titanium dioxide has a particle size of 50 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH570; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1076; and the lubricant is ethylene bis-stearamide.

[0043] The insulating layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 4 parts graphene oxide, and 4 parts cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, designated as XF002-2, CAS number 7440-44-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm, and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] The sheath layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 4 parts graphene, 5 parts calcium carbonate, 0.8 parts silane coupling agent KH570, 0.65 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.4 parts calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1300 mesh.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 0.28%, rare earth elements 0.5%, Mg 0.9%, Ag 0.4%, Ti 0.18%, Ca 0.18%, Zn 0.4%, Hf 0.13%, B 0.03%, graphene nanosheets 0.35%, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities. The inner and outer shielding layers are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 88 parts, graphene 7.5 parts, carbon nanofibers 1.8 parts, nano-titanium dioxide 9 parts, coupling agent 1.1 parts, antioxidant 1.1 parts, and lubricant 0.75 parts.

[0047] The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2.5:0.35; the graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm, are designated XF021, have CAS number 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, is designated XF001W, and has CAS number 1034343-98. -0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the average diameter of the carbon nanofibers is 95nm and the length is 180μm; the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 70nm; the coupling agent is a mixture of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560 and silane coupling agent KH570 in a mass ratio of 1:2:3; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the lubricant is a mixture of ethylene bis-stearamide and butyl stearate in a mass ratio of 3:5.

[0048] The insulating layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 4.5 parts graphene oxide, and 4.5 parts cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, designated as XF002-2, CAS number 7440-44-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm, and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0049] The sheath layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 4.5 parts graphene, 5.5 parts calcium carbonate, 0.9 parts silane coupling agent KH570, 0.75 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.45 parts calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1400 mesh.

[0050] Example 5

[0051] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 0.3%, rare earth elements 0.55%, Mg 1%, Ag 0.5%, Ti 0.2%, Ca 0.2%, Zn 0.5%, Hf 0.15%, B 0.04%, graphene nanosheets 0.4%, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities. The inner and outer shielding layers are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 90 parts, graphene 8 parts, carbon nanofibers 2 parts, nano-titanium dioxide 10 parts, coupling agent 1.2 parts, antioxidant 1.2 parts, and lubricant 0.8 parts.

[0052] The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3:0.4; the graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm, are designated XF021, have CAS number 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, is designated XF001W, has CAS number 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 100 nm and a length of 200 μm; the nano-titanium dioxide has a particle size of 80 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH550; the antioxidant is antioxidant 168; and the lubricant is ethylene bis-stearamide.

[0053] The insulating layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 5 parts graphene oxide, and 5 parts cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, designated as XF002-2, CAS number 7440-44-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0054] The sheath layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 5 parts graphene, 6 parts calcium carbonate, 1 part silane coupling agent KH570, 0.8 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.5 parts calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, designated as XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1500 mesh.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] A graphene-containing power cable is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that Hf and graphene nanosheets are not added.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] A graphene-containing power cable is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the rare earth element is Ce, an equal amount of Elastollan 1100 polyurethane elastomer is used instead of thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, and no Ca and Zn are added.

[0059] To further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the graphene-containing power cables involved in the various embodiments of the present invention, relevant performance tests were conducted on the graphene-containing power cables involved in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the test methods are as follows:

[0060] Preparation of the conductor layer: Weigh the corresponding raw materials according to the raw material composition formula of the conductor layer, put the aluminum ingot into the crucible, heat it to 740℃, add the remaining raw materials and stir continuously to form a uniform melt; then proceed with refining, continuous casting, toughening treatment, wire drawing, aging treatment, stranding, and re-stranding in sequence to obtain the conductor layer.

[0061] Preparation of inner and outer shielding layers: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, graphene, carbon nanofibers, nano titanium dioxide, coupling agent, antioxidant, and lubricant are mixed evenly and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for co-extrusion molding (extrusion temperature 160-180℃, screw speed 200 rpm). After cooling, the inner and outer shielding layers are obtained respectively.

[0062] Preparation of the insulation layer: After the raw materials of the insulation layer are mixed evenly according to the weight parts, they are added to a twin-screw extruder and blended at 160°C for 20 minutes. The insulation layer is then crosslinked by electron beam irradiation with an irradiation dose of 15 kGy.

[0063] Preparation of the sheath layer: After the raw materials of the sheath layer are mixed evenly according to the weight parts, they are extruded and formed by twin-screw extruder to obtain the sheath layer;

[0064] Cable assembly: The conductor layer, inner shielding layer, insulation layer, outer shielding layer and sheath layer are sequentially wrapped and co-extrusion process is used to achieve tight bonding between the layers to produce a graphene-containing power cable.

[0065] Conductivity test: The conductivity of the conductive layer was tested in accordance with GB / T3048.2-2007 "Test methods for electrical properties of wires and cables - Part 2: Test for resistivity of metallic materials".

[0066] Tensile strength test: The tensile strength is tested in accordance with GB / T 4909.3-2009 "Test methods for bare wires - Part 3: Tensile test".

[0067] Weather resistance test: The test was conducted in accordance with GB / T16422.2-2014 "Laboratory Light Source Exposure Test Methods for Plastics - Part 2: Xenon Arc Lamp". The cable sample was placed in a xenon arc lamp aging test chamber to simulate the light, temperature, and humidity conditions of the natural environment. After 1000 hours of aging, the sample was cooled to room temperature, and the retention rate of the sheath tensile strength was measured. The higher the value, the better the weather resistance. The tensile strength test method was based on ASTM D412.

[0068] High temperature resistance: Each example power cable was placed at 150℃ for 168 hours and then cooled to room temperature. The conductivity was tested again, and the conductivity retention rate was calculated. The higher the value, the better the high temperature resistance.

[0069] Corrosion resistance test: The power cable sample is immersed in 20wt% hydrochloric acid solution, 20wt% sodium hydroxide solution, 20wt% sodium chloride solution and aqueous solution under the same conditions for 168h. The sample is then removed and the surface corrosion is observed. If there is no corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution, sodium chloride solution and aqueous solution, the corrosion resistance is passed; otherwise, it is unqualified.

[0070] Table 1 Performance test results of graphene-containing power cables

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from Table 1, the power cable conductor layer containing graphene in the embodiments of the present invention has better conductivity and tensile strength, as well as better weather resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. The combined use of Hf, graphene nanosheets, Ca, Zn and thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, and the specific composition selection of rare earth elements are beneficial to improving the above properties.

[0073] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graphene-containing power cable, characterized in that, From the inside out, the structure comprises a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer. The conductor layer is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: Si 0.2-0.3%, rare earth elements 0.05-0.55%, Mg 0.5-1%, Ag 0.1-0.5%, Ti 0.05-0.2%, Ca 0.05-0.2%, Zn 0.1-0.5%, Hf 0.05-0.15%, B... The inner and outer shielding layers consist of 0.001-0.04% ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.2-0.4% graphene nanosheets, with the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities; the inner and outer shielding layers are independently made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-8 parts graphene, 1-2 parts carbon nanofibers, 5-10 parts nano-titanium dioxide, 0.8-1.2 parts coupling agent, 0.8-1.2 parts antioxidant, and 0.5-0.8 parts lubricant. The rare earth elements are Y, Ce, and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:(1-3):(0.2-0.4); the insulating layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts cross-linked polyethylene, 3-5 parts graphene oxide, and 3-5 parts cellulose nanocrystals; the sheath layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts thermoplastic phosphosilicone polyurethane elastomer, 3-5 parts graphene, 4-6 parts calcium carbonate, 0.6-1 parts silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5-0.8 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.3-0.5 parts calcium stearate.

2. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene nanosheets have a diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm.

3. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828.

4. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene is a single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 80-100 nm and a length of 20-200 μm; and the nano-titanium dioxide has a particle size of 10-80 nm.

5. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, and silane coupling agent KH570; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1010, and antioxidant 1076; and the lubricant is at least one of ethylene bis-stearamide and butyl stearate.

6. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C; the graphene oxide is a single-layer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2nm; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500nm and a diameter of 20-100nm.

7. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000-1500 mesh.

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