Quantum key transmission control method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a quantum key transmission control method, which comprises the following steps of a wave band configuration step S1, a signal processing step S2, a fusion equipment control step S3, a performance monitoring and adjusting step S4, a self-adaptive interference suppression step S5, a multi-protocol collaborative optimization step S6 and a key dynamic distribution management step S7. Through multiplexing transmission and separation, phase shift, mixing detection and digital processing of a receiving end, quantum signals can be accurately modulated and detected, noise and interference can be effectively removed, the accuracy and safety of key extraction can be improved, a high-quality encryption key can be provided for communication, and meanwhile, the QKD code rate, the stability and the influence on classical communication can be monitored in real time; qKD parameters, signal power distribution and the like are adjusted according to monitoring results, system problems are found and solved in time, stable operation of quantum key transmission and classical communication is maintained, and reliable work of the whole communication system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of communication technologies, and particularly relates to a quantum key transmission control method and system. Background Art

[0002] Quantum key transmission is a technology for key distribution using the principles of quantum mechanics. It ensures the security of keys based on the non-clonability and uncertainty of quantum states. In traditional quantum key transmission, there are some common problems. For example, quantum signals are easily affected by noise and interference during transmission, resulting in an increase in the bit error rate of the signals, thereby reducing the accuracy and security of key extraction. At the same time, when modulating and detecting quantum signals, due to limitations in technical means, it is difficult to precisely control and process quantum states, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of key generation and unable to provide high-quality encryption keys for communication.

[0003] For example, a quantum key transmission control method and system provided in CN104660602B. Although some parts of the quantum key transmission process are improved in this patented technology, there are still deficiencies, and it is difficult to precisely generate quantum signals at the sending end using specific devices and perform effective multiplexing transmission. At the receiving end, it is also impossible to effectively separate, phase-shift, mix and detect the signals and perform digital processing. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively remove noise and interference, difficult to precisely modulate and detect quantum signals, thus unable to meet the requirement of providing high-quality encryption keys for communication and unable to guarantee the accuracy and security of key extraction.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a brand-new quantum key transmission control method and system, aiming to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a quantum key transmission control method and system for solving the problems proposed in the background art.

[0006] A quantum key transmission control method includes the following steps:

[0007] Band configuration step S1: Configure the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at a wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C band so that it is co-fiber transmitted with the classical communication network DWDMC96 band. By virtue of the low-loss characteristic of the C band, signal attenuation is reduced, facilitating the use of general devices and reducing costs and complexity;

[0008] Signal Processing Step S2: The QKD transmitter uses a high extinction ratio electro-optic modulator and a narrow linewidth laser to generate timing pulses, loads a quadrature coherent state modulation signal with a Gaussian distribution, converges the local oscillator light and the quantum light through polarization and time-division multiplexing for transmission, the receiver separates the signals, randomly shifts the phase of the local oscillator light, mixes and detects the quantum and pilot signals, and completes compensation, evaluation, and key extraction through digital processing;

[0009] Among them, in the signal processing step, the continuous variable (CV) Gaussian modulation coherent state GG02 protocol is adopted. It is assumed that the transmitted quantum signal can be represented as a random variable X, which follows a Gaussian distribution with a mean of 0 and a variance of V, that is, X~N(0, V). When performing mixing detection at the receiver, assuming the local oscillator optical signal is LO and the received quantum signal is Q, the output signal Y after mixing can be expressed as Y = Q·LO + n.

[0010] Fusion Device Control Step S3: Integrate the QKD function into traditional optical communication devices such as FiberHome OTN, build a quantum encryption network, control the C96 band wavelength division, transmit services through three channels of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm short wave and 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm long wave, use filler waves for the rest, the quantum channel is 1524.5 nm, the post-processed signal is carried by 1510 nm, and perform multiplexing transmission;

[0011] Performance Monitoring and Adjustment Step S4: Real-time monitor the QKD key generation rate, stability, and the impact on classical communication. If the key generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, adjust the QKD parameters. If classical communication is affected, then adjust the power distribution of quantum and classical signals, optimize wavelength division, or suppress noise to ensure the stability of the system;

[0012] Among them, in the performance monitoring and adjustment step, it is stipulated that the QKD key generation rate is measured every 10 seconds, and the average value of 25 consecutive tests is used as the measured average key generation rate. Let the key generation rate of the i-th measurement be (i = 1, 2,..., 25), then the average key generation rate The calculation formula is: The bit error rate is an important indicator to measure the accuracy of classical communication signal transmission. Let the total number of transmitted code elements be N and the number of incorrectly received code elements be n, then the bit error rate formula is

[0013] In addition, the packet loss rate is used to measure the proportion of data lost during transmission. Let the total number of transmitted data packets be M and the number of lost data packets be m, then the formula for the packet loss rate is

[0014] Adaptive interference suppression step S5: Continuously monitor the noise and interference in the optical fiber link, construct a prediction model using machine learning, and dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the results. In case of interference at a specific frequency, adjust the modulation frequency or coding pattern to avoid the interference frequency band and ensure the reliable transmission of the key;

[0015] Among them, in the adaptive interference suppression step, the neural network algorithm is used to predict the noise and interference in the optical fiber link. Let the input historical noise and interference data be x = [x1, x2, …, x n , after multiple-layer mapping of the neural network, the predicted interference signal is output Suppose the input of the l-th layer of the neural network is z (l) , and the output is a (l) , the activation function is σ, the weight matrix is W (l) , and the bias vector is b (l) , then the forward propagation process of the neural network can be expressed as: z (l) = W (l) a (l-1) + b (l) and a (l) = σ(z (l) );

[0016] In addition, by continuously adjusting the weight matrix W (l) and the bias vector b (l) , the error between the predicted value and the actual interference signal y is minimized. The commonly used error function is the mean square error (MSE), and the calculation formula is:

[0017] Multi-protocol collaborative optimization step S6: In quantum key transmission, coordinate the operation of multiple protocols according to the communication scenario and requirements, dynamically select the optimal combination. For example, in long-distance transmission, combine the advantages of the BB84 and E91 protocols, and adopt a smooth transition mechanism when switching protocols to ensure the continuous and stable transmission of the key;

[0018] Key dynamic distribution management step S7: According to the usage situation and security requirements of the quantum key, dynamically adjust the distribution strategy, establish a priority model, allocate keys according to the security level and real-time requirements of users or services, continuously monitor the key balance and usage rate, and start the generation and distribution process in a timely manner when the key is insufficient to ensure communication security.

[0019] Among them, in the key dynamic distribution management step, in order to allocate keys according to the security level and real-time requirements of users or services, a priority model is established. Let the security level weight of user or service j be w j , and the real-time requirement weight be r j , then the priority P j of user or service j can be expressed as: P j= αw j + βr j 。

[0020] Preferably, in the performance monitoring and adjustment step, the bit error rate, packet loss rate, and time delay of classical communication signals are monitored.

[0021] Preferably, in the signal processing step, the continuous variable (CV) Gaussian modulation coherent state GG02 protocol is adopted.

[0022] Preferably, in the performance monitoring and adjustment step, the QKD generation rate is measured every 10 seconds, and the average value of 25 consecutive tests is used as the measured average generation rate.

[0023] Preferably, in the adaptive interference suppression step, the machine learning algorithm is a neural network algorithm, and the accuracy of interference prediction is improved by learning historical noise and interference data.

[0024] Preferably, in the key dynamic distribution management step, for users or services with a high security level and urgent real-time requirements, when the key reserve is insufficient, some key resources that are not currently used by other low-priority users or services can be preferentially invoked.

[0025] A quantum key transmission control system includes the following modules:

[0026] Band configuration module: Configure the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at a wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C band, so that it can be transmitted through the same optical fiber as the classical communication network DWDMC96 band, making full use of the characteristics of the C band to reduce signal transmission loss;

[0027] Signal processing module: The QKD transmitter uses a high extinction ratio electro-optic modulator and a narrow linewidth laser to generate pulses, load the quadrature coherent state modulation signal, and transmit it through the multiplexed local oscillator light and quantum light. The receiver separates the signals, the local oscillator light has a random phase shift, the quantum and pilot signals are mixed and detected, and key extraction and other operations are completed through digital processing;

[0028] Fusion device control module: Integrated into traditional optical communication devices, it controls the C96 wavelength wavelength division, and three channels of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm short wave and 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm long wave are used to transmit services. The rest use filling waves. The quantum channel is 1524.5 nm, and the post-processing signal is carried at 1510 nm. Each signal is multiplexed and transmitted;

[0029] Performance monitoring and adjustment module: Real-time monitor the QKD generation rate, stability, and the impact on classical communication. If the generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, adjust the QKD parameters. If classical communication is affected, adjust the signal power, wavelength division configuration, or suppress noise;

[0030] Adaptive interference suppression module: It monitors the noise and interference of the optical fiber link in real time, uses machine learning to build a prediction model, dynamically adjusts the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the prediction results, avoids the interference frequency band, and enhances the anti-interference ability;

[0031] Multi-protocol collaborative optimization module: During quantum key transmission, it coordinates the operation of multiple protocols according to the communication scenario and requirements, dynamically selects the optimal combination, and adopts a smooth transition mechanism for protocol switching to ensure the continuous and stable transmission of keys;

[0032] Key dynamic distribution and management module: Based on the key usage and security requirements, it dynamically adjusts the distribution strategy, builds a priority model, distributes keys according to the security level and requirements of users or services, and monitors the remaining amount and usage rate in real time. When there is a shortage, it starts the generation and distribution process.

[0033] Preferably, the performance monitoring and adjustment module monitors the bit error rate, packet loss rate, and delay of classical communication signals.

[0034] Preferably, the traditional optical communication transmission device is a FiberHome OTN device.

[0035] Preferably, in the adaptive interference suppression module, the historical noise and interference data used for training the machine learning model are derived from the data collected during different time periods and different transmission link environments in the system operation process, so as to improve the adaptability of the model to complex interference environments.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention uses a specific device at the QKD transmitter to generate signals, which are multiplexed and transmitted, and separated, phase-shifted, mixed-frequency detected, and digitally processed at the receiver. It can accurately modulate and detect quantum signals, effectively remove noise and interference, improve the accuracy and security of key extraction, and provide high-quality encryption keys for communication.

[0038] 2. The present invention monitors the QKD coding rate, stability, and impact on classical communication in real time, adjusts QKD parameters, signal power distribution, etc. according to the monitoring results, discovers and solves system problems in a timely manner, maintains the stable operation of quantum key transmission and classical communication, and ensures the reliable operation of the entire communication system.

[0039] 3. The present invention uses real-time monitoring of the noise interference of the optical fiber link, constructs a model with machine learning to adjust quantum signal parameters and coding, can actively adapt to changes in the interference environment, avoid the interference frequency band, reduce the impact of interference on key transmission, and enhance the reliability during the key transmission process. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 It is an interaction architecture diagram between the user side and the core node of the quantum key distribution system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is the signal processing flowchart of quantum key distribution (QKD) of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is the performance monitoring and parameter adjustment flowchart of quantum key distribution (QKD) of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is the multi - protocol collaborative optimization orientation diagram of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] The following further describes the implementation manners of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0045] A quantum key transmission control method includes the following steps:

[0046] Band configuration step S1: Configure the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at the wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C - band, so that it is co - fiber transmitted with the classical communication network DWDMC96 band. By virtue of the low - loss characteristic of the C - band, reduce signal attenuation, facilitate the use of general devices, and reduce costs and complexity;

[0047] Signal processing step S2: The QKD transmitter uses a high - extinction - ratio electro - optic modulator and a narrow - line - width laser to generate timing pulses, load the quadrature coherent state modulation signal with Gaussian distribution, converge the local oscillator light and quantum light through polarization and time - division multiplexing for transmission. The receiver separates the signals, randomly shifts the phase of the local oscillator light, mixes and detects the quantum and pilot signals, and completes compensation, evaluation and key extraction through digital processing;

[0048] Fusion device control step S3: Integrate the QKD function into traditional optical communication devices such as FiberHome OTN, build a quantum encryption network, control the wavelength division of the C96 band, transmit services through 3 channels of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm short - wave and 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm long - wave, use filling waves for the rest, the quantum channel is 1524.5 nm, the post - processing signal is carried at 1510 nm, and perform multiplexing transmission;

[0049] Performance monitoring and adjustment step S4: Real - time monitor the QKD code generation rate, stability and the impact on classical communication. If the code generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, adjust the QKD parameters. If classical communication is affected, then adjust the power distribution of quantum and classical signals, optimize wavelength division or suppress noise to ensure the stability of the system;

[0050] Adaptive interference suppression step S5: Real - time monitor the noise and interference in the optical fiber link, use machine learning to build a prediction model, and dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the results. In case of interference at a specific frequency, adjust the modulation frequency or coding pattern to avoid the interference frequency band and ensure the reliable transmission of the key;

[0051] Multi - protocol collaborative optimization step S6: In quantum key transmission, coordinate the operation of multiple protocols according to communication scenarios and requirements, dynamically select the optimal combination. For example, in long - distance transmission, combine the advantages of the BB84 and E91 protocols, and adopt a smooth transition mechanism when switching protocols to ensure the continuous and stable transmission of keys.

[0052] Dynamic key distribution management step S7: According to the usage of quantum keys and security requirements, dynamically adjust the distribution strategy, establish a priority model, allocate keys according to the security level and real - time requirements of users or services, and monitor the remaining amount and usage rate of keys in real - time. When the amount is insufficient, start the generation and distribution process in a timely manner to ensure communication security.

[0053] A quantum key transmission control system includes the following modules:

[0054] Band configuration module: Configure the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at the wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C - band, so that it can be transmitted through the same optical fiber as the classical communication network DWDMC96 - band, make full use of the characteristics of the C - band, and reduce signal transmission loss.

[0055] Signal processing module: At the QKD transmitter, use a high - extinction - ratio electro - optic modulator and a narrow - line - width laser to generate pulses, load the quadrature coherent state modulation signal, and transmit through the multiplexing and aggregation of the local oscillator light and quantum light. At the receiver, separate the signals, randomly phase - shift the local oscillator light, mix and detect the quantum and pilot signals, and complete operations such as key extraction through digital processing.

[0056] Fusion device control module: Integrated into traditional optical communication devices, control the wavelength division of the C96 wavelength, transmit services through three channels of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm short - wave and 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm long - wave, and use filling waves for the rest. The quantum channel is at 1524.5 nm, and the post - processing signal is carried at 1510 nm, and the signals are multiplexed and transmitted.

[0057] Performance monitoring and adjustment module: Monitor the QKD key generation rate, stability, and impact on classical communication in real - time. If the key generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, adjust the QKD parameters. If classical communication is affected, adjust the signal power, wavelength division configuration, or suppress noise.

[0058] Adaptive interference suppression module: Monitor the noise and interference in the optical fiber link in real - time, establish a prediction model using machine learning, and dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the prediction results to avoid interference frequency bands and enhance the anti - interference ability.

[0059] Multi - protocol collaborative optimization module: During quantum key transmission, coordinate the operation of multiple protocols according to communication scenarios and requirements, dynamically select the optimal combination, and adopt a smooth transition mechanism for protocol switching to ensure the continuous and stable transmission of keys.

[0060] Key dynamic distribution management module: Based on key usage and security requirements, dynamically adjust the distribution strategy, establish a priority model, allocate keys according to the security level and requirements of users or services, monitor the remaining amount and usage rate in real time, and initiate the generation and distribution process when the amount is insufficient.

[0061] Example 1: Ordinary method + ordinary system

[0062] In the internal communication network of a small enterprise, an ordinary quantum key transmission method and system are used for information encryption transmission.

[0063] In terms of the method: The quantum key distribution signal is simply configured to a certain wavelength band for transmission, without fully considering the compatibility with the classical communication network. In signal processing, conventional modulators and lasers are used to generate signals, and the modulation method is relatively single. Optimized devices such as high extinction ratio electro-optic modulators and narrow linewidth lasers are not used. The signal processing at the receiving end is also relatively simple, lacking complex digital processing compensation and evaluation mechanisms.

[0064] In terms of the system: The functions of each module of the quantum key transmission control system are relatively basic. The wavelength band configuration module cannot achieve co-fiber transmission with the DWDMC96 wavelength band of the classical communication network and cannot effectively utilize the low-loss characteristics of the C wavelength band. The signal processing module is difficult to generate high-quality modulation signals and also lacks an efficient multiplexing and detection mechanism for the local oscillator light and quantum light;

[0065] The fusion device control module cannot be effectively integrated with traditional optical communication devices. The performance monitoring and adjustment module can only perform simple performance monitoring, lacking accurate monitoring and effective adjustment means for key indicators such as the key generation rate and stability. The adaptive interference suppression module does not adopt machine learning algorithms and cannot accurately predict and effectively suppress interference;

[0066] The multi-protocol collaborative optimization module does not have the functions of protocol coordination and dynamic selection, and the key dynamic distribution management module is also difficult to flexibly allocate keys according to user or service requirements.

[0067] In actual operation, due to the limitations of the method and system, the efficiency of quantum key transmission is low, the key generation rate is unstable, the interference to classical communication is large, and in the face of a complex interference environment, the security and reliability of key transmission cannot be effectively guaranteed;

[0068] The specific performance parameters of the solutions in the above embodiments are shown in Table 1:

[0069] Table 1: Basic performance data table of the ordinary quantum key transmission scheme

[0070] Comparison Items Value Quantum Key Transmission Efficiency (kbps) 10 Average QKD Coding Rate (%) 30 Fluctuation Range of Coding Rate (%) ±20 Classical Communication Bit Error Rate <![CDATA[1×10 -4 > Classical Communication Packet Loss Rate (%) 5 Classical Communication Delay (ms) 50 Anti-Jamming Ability Score (1 - 10 points) 2 Key Distribution Flexibility Score (1 - 10 points) 2

[0071] Example 2: The above method + ordinary system

[0072] In the financial data transmission network of a medium-sized city, the quantum key transmission control method described in claims 1-6 is applied, but an ordinary quantum key transmission control system is adopted.

[0073] Method implementation:

[0074] Band configuration step: The quantum key distribution (QKD) signal is configured at a wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C band as required, so that it is transmitted in the same fiber as the classical communication network DWDMC96 band, making full use of the low-loss characteristics of the C band to reduce signal attenuation. At the same time, it is convenient to use general devices to reduce costs and complexity.

[0075] Signal processing step: The QKD transmitter uses a high extinction ratio electro-optic modulator and a narrow linewidth laser to generate timing pulses, loads a quadrature coherent state modulation signal with a Gaussian distribution, and transmits the local oscillator light and the quantum light through polarization and time-division multiplexing. The receiver separates the signals, randomly shifts the phase of the local oscillator light, mixes and detects the quantum and pilot signals, and completes compensation, evaluation, and key extraction through digital processing, using the continuous variable (CV) Gaussian modulation coherent state GG02 protocol.

[0076] Fusion device control step: Attempt to integrate the QKD function into traditional optical communication devices, but due to system limitations, it is impossible to accurately control the C96 band wavelength division as described in the claims;

[0077] It is only possible to configure some bands within a limited range. Three channels of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm short wave and 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm long wave are used to transmit services. The quantum channel is preferably set at 1524.5 nm, and the post-processing signal is carried at 1510 nm, but the multiplexing transmission effect is not good.

[0078] Performance monitoring and adjustment step: Real-time monitor the QKD coding rate, stability, and the impact on classical communication. The coding rate is measured every 10 seconds, and the average value of 25 consecutive tests is used as the measured average coding rate. At the same time, monitor the bit error rate, packet loss rate, and delay of the classical communication signal;

[0079] When the coding rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, due to system limitations, there are limited means to adjust the QKD parameters; when classical communication is affected, it is also difficult to effectively adjust the power distribution of quantum and classical signals, optimize wavelength division, or suppress noise.

[0080] Adaptive interference suppression step: Real-time monitor the noise and interference in the optical fiber link. Although a neural network algorithm is used to construct a prediction model, due to the insufficient data acquisition and processing capabilities of the ordinary system, it is impossible to make full use of historical noise and interference data, and the accuracy of interference prediction is relatively low, making it difficult to effectively dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the prediction results.

[0081] Multi-protocol collaborative optimization steps: In quantum key transmission, multiple protocols are coordinated according to communication scenarios and needs, and the optimal combination is dynamically selected. For example, long-distance transmission combines the advantages of BB84 and E91 protocols, and a smooth transition mechanism is used when switching protocols. However, ordinary systems have problems with the stability and efficiency of protocol switching, and cannot ensure the continuous and stable key transmission.

[0082] Steps for dynamic key distribution management: Dynamically adjust the distribution strategy based on quantum key usage and security requirements, establish a priority model, allocate keys according to user or business security level and real-time needs, monitor key remainder and usage rate in real time, and start the generation and distribution process in time when it is insufficient.

[0083] However, ordinary systems are not accurate enough in key priority judgment and resource allocation. For users or businesses with high security levels and urgent real-time needs, it is difficult to quickly prioritize and call some key resources that are not yet used by other low-priority users or businesses when key reserves are insufficient.

[0084] System status: The band configuration module of the ordinary quantum key transmission control system cannot fully realize efficient fiber-sharing transmission with the classical communication network, the signal processing module cannot meet the requirements of complex signal processing, the integration effect of the fusion device control module is poor, and the adjustment capability of the performance monitoring and adjustment module is limited;

[0085] The anti-interference effect of the adaptive interference suppression module is poor, the protocol switching of the multi-protocol collaborative optimization module is unstable, and the key distribution of the key dynamic distribution management module is not flexible and accurate enough;

[0086] In actual operation, although advanced methods are used, due to system limitations, the overall performance of quantum key transmission is limited, and there are still problems such as code rate fluctuations and insufficient communication stability.

[0087] This shows that quantum key transmission systems and methods need to adapt to each other and upgrade collaboratively. Simply relying on the advancement of one side is difficult to fully unleash the potential of quantum communication technology. Only the deep integration of the two can achieve a breakthrough improvement in performance.

[0088] The specific performance parameters of the scheme in the above embodiment are shown in Table 2:

[0089] Table 2: Quantum key transmission performance improvement of advanced methods combined with ordinary systems

[0090] Comparison Items Value Quantum Key Transmission Efficiency (kbps) 25 Average QKD Coding Rate (%) 45 Fluctuation Range of Coding Rate (%) ±15 Classical Communication Bit Error Rate <![CDATA[5×10 -5 > Classical Communication Packet Loss Rate (%) 3 Classical Communication Delay (ms) 40 Anti-Jamming Ability Score (1 - 10 points) 4 Key Distribution Flexibility Score (1 - 10 points) 4

[0091] Embodiment 3: Common method + above system

[0092] In the cross-regional communication network of a large enterprise group, an ordinary quantum key transmission method is adopted, but the quantum key transmission control system described in claims 7-10 is used.

[0093] Method execution: In the ordinary quantum key transmission method, the wavelength band is randomly selected in the wavelength band configuration without considering the co-fiber transmission and wavelength band characteristics of the classical communication network. The signal processing process is simple, the modulation and detection methods lack optimization. In terms of the control of the fusion device, there is no clear wavelength band plan and service transmission configuration strategy. Performance monitoring and adjustment rely only on simple manual judgment, lacking a scientific monitoring and adjustment mechanism. Machine learning algorithms are not used for adaptive interference suppression, and can only passively respond to interference. There are also no corresponding strategies and mechanisms for multi-protocol collaborative optimization and key dynamic distribution management.

[0094] System operation:

[0095] Wavelength band configuration module: Although it has the ability to configure the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at the wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C band to transmit through the same fiber as the classical communication network's DWDMC96 band, due to the limitations of the method, it is not actually configured in this way, and the characteristic of reducing signal transmission loss in the C band cannot be fully utilized.

[0096] Signal processing module: Although it can support the QKD transmitter to generate pulses using a high extinction ratio electro-optic modulator and a narrow linewidth laser, load the quadrature coherent state modulation signal, transmit the multiplexed local oscillator light and quantum light, and the receiver separates the signal and performs complex processing, but due to the fact that these advanced operations are not adopted in the method, the functions of this module cannot be effectively utilized.

[0097] Fusion device control module: It can be integrated into traditional optical communication devices. The device can use FiberHome OTN devices to accurately control the C96 wavelength division multiplexing, reasonably plan the service transmission of each wavelength band and the quantum channel configuration. However, due to the lack of relevant planning in the method, the configuration of this module cannot match the actual transmission requirements.

[0098] Performance monitoring and adjustment module: It can monitor the QKD code generation rate, stability and the impact on classical communication in real time, and make effective adjustments according to the monitoring results. However, due to the fact that the method does not provide accurate monitoring indicators and adjustment bases, it is difficult for this module to play its role.

[0099] Adaptive interference suppression module: It can dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the prediction results by monitoring the fiber link noise and interference in real time and using machine learning to build a prediction model. However, due to the fact that machine learning algorithms are not adopted in the method, this module cannot obtain effective prediction data and adjustment strategies.

[0100] Multi - protocol collaborative optimization module: During quantum key transmission, it can coordinate the operation of multiple protocols according to communication scenarios and requirements, dynamically select the optimal combination, and adopt a smooth transition mechanism for protocol switching. However, due to the lack of relevant protocol collaborative strategies in the method, this module cannot achieve effective coordination and switching of protocols.

[0101] Key dynamic distribution management module: Based on key usage and security requirements, it can dynamically adjust the distribution strategy, establish a priority model, allocate keys according to the security level and requirements of users or services, monitor the remaining amount and usage rate in real - time, and start the generation and distribution process when insufficient. However, due to the lack of key management strategies in the method, this module cannot accurately allocate and manage keys.

[0102] In actual operation, due to the backwardness of the method, even if an advanced system is adopted, the effect of quantum key transmission is still not ideal, and the advantages of the system cannot be fully utilized, resulting in problems such as low transmission efficiency and poor security.

[0103] The specific performance parameters of the solutions in the above embodiments are shown in Table 3:

[0104] Table 3: Evaluation Table of Quantum Key Transmission Effect of Ordinary Methods Adapted to Advanced Systems

[0105] Comparison Items Value Quantum Key Transmission Efficiency (kbps) 15 Average QKD Coding Rate (%) 35 Fluctuation Range of Coding Rate (%) ±18 Classical Communication Bit Error Rate <![CDATA[8×10 -5 > Classical Communication Packet Loss Rate (%) 4 Classical Communication Delay (ms) 45 Anti-Jamming Ability Score (1 - 10 points) 3 Key Distribution Flexibility Score (1 - 10 points) 3

[0106] Embodiment 4: The above - mentioned method + the above - mentioned system

[0107] In the national - level financial information security transmission network, apply the quantum key transmission control method described in claims 1 - 6, and adopt the quantum key transmission control system described in claims 7 - 10.

[0108] Method - system collaborative implementation:

[0109] Band configuration: The band configuration module accurately configures the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at the wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C - band, and transmits it through the same optical fiber as the classical communication network DWDMC96 band, giving full play to the low - loss characteristics of the C - band, reducing signal attenuation, and at the same time facilitating the use of general devices, reducing costs and complexity.

[0110] Signal processing: In the signal processing module, the QKD transmitter uses a high - extinction - ratio electro - optic modulator and a narrow - line - width laser to generate timing pulses, load the quadrature coherent state modulation signal with Gaussian distribution, converge the local oscillator light and quantum light through polarization and time - division multiplexing for transmission, the receiver separates the signal, randomly shifts the phase of the local oscillator light, mixes and detects the quantum and pilot signals, and completes compensation, evaluation and key extraction through digital processing. The continuous - variable (CV) Gaussian modulation coherent state GG02 protocol is adopted to ensure the high efficiency and accuracy of signal processing.

[0111] Fusion Device Control: The fusion device control module is integrated into traditional optical communication devices such as FiberHome OTN, precisely controlling the C96 band wavelength division multiplexing. Three channels, namely the short-wave band of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm and the long-wave band of 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm, are used to transmit services, and the rest use filling waves. The quantum channel is at 1524.5 nm, and the post-processing signal is carried at 1510 nm. Each signal is multiplexed and transmitted to achieve the perfect fusion of quantum key transmission and classical communication.

[0112] Performance Monitoring and Adjustment: The performance monitoring and adjustment module monitors the QKD key generation rate, stability, and the impact on classical communication in real time. The key generation rate is measured every 10 seconds, and the average value of 25 consecutive tests is used as the measured average key generation rate. At the same time, the bit error rate, packet loss rate, and delay of the classical communication signal are monitored. When the key generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, the QKD parameters are adjusted in a timely manner. When classical communication is affected, the power distribution of quantum and classical signals is effectively adjusted, the wavelength division multiplexing is optimized, or the noise is suppressed to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0113] Adaptive Interference Suppression: The adaptive interference suppression module monitors the noise and interference in the optical fiber link in real time, constructs a prediction model using neural network algorithms, and improves the accuracy of interference prediction by learning the historical noise and interference data collected during different time periods and different transmission link environments during the operation of the system. According to the prediction results, the modulation parameters and coding methods of quantum signals are dynamically adjusted. In case of interference at a specific frequency, the modulation frequency or coding pattern is adjusted to avoid the interference frequency band and ensure the reliable transmission of keys.

[0114] Multi-Protocol Cooperative Optimization: In quantum key transmission, the multi-protocol cooperative optimization module coordinates the operation of multiple protocols according to communication scenarios and requirements, and dynamically selects the optimal combination. For example, in long-distance transmission, the advantages of the BB84 and E91 protocols are combined, and a smooth transition mechanism is adopted when switching protocols to ensure the continuous and stable transmission of keys.

[0115] Dynamic Key Distribution Management: The dynamic key distribution management module dynamically adjusts the distribution strategy according to the usage situation and security requirements of quantum keys, establishes a priority model, and distributes keys according to the security level and real-time requirements of users or services. It monitors the key balance and usage rate in real time. When there is a shortage, the key generation and distribution process is started in a timely manner. For users or services with a high security level and urgent real-time requirements, when the key reserve is insufficient, some key resources that are not currently used by other low-priority users or services are preferentially called to ensure communication security.

[0116] In actual operation, this method and system cooperate closely, with high efficiency in quantum key transmission, stable key generation rate, little impact on classical communication, and can ensure the security and reliability of key transmission even in a complex interference environment, providing a strong guarantee for the secure transmission of national-level financial information.

[0117] The specific performance parameters of the solutions in the above embodiments are shown in Table 4:

[0118] Table 4: Co-optimization Performance Table of Advanced Quantum Key Distribution Method and System

[0119] Comparison Items Value Quantum Key Transmission Efficiency (kbps) 50 Average QKD Coding Rate (%) 70 Fluctuation Range of Coding Rate (%) ±5 Classical Communication Bit Error Rate <![CDATA[1×10 -6 > Classical Communication Packet Loss Rate (%) 1 Classical Communication Delay (ms) 20 Anti-Jamming Ability Score (1 - 10 points) 8 Key Distribution Flexibility Score (1 - 10 points) 8

[0120] By comparing the combined applications of different quantum key distribution methods and systems in the above four embodiments, the improvement of the performance of advanced methods and systems in cooperation with quantum key distribution is presented. There are problems such as low transmission efficiency, unstable coding rate, and poor security in the combination of ordinary methods and ordinary systems. After the advanced method is combined with the ordinary system, some performances are improved, but due to the limitation of the system function, the overall improvement degree is limited. When the ordinary method is adapted to the advanced system, due to the lack of optimization of the method, the advantages of the system cannot be fully exerted, and the transmission effect fails to meet the expectations.

[0121] The purpose of the above technical solution is to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of communication data through quantum key distribution and management, meet the information security requirements in the fields of finance, government affairs, etc., rationally allocate quantum and classical communication resources, realize the efficient utilization of C-band wavelengths, reduce the system cost and complexity, and make the quantum key distribution system adapt to different communication scenarios and requirements, such as long-distance transmission, complex interference environments, etc.

[0122] The functions are manifested as the cooperation of the band configuration module and the fusion device control module to complete the co-fiber transmission of quantum key distribution signals and classical communication networks and the precise control of wavelength division in the C96 band. The signal processing module, combined with the performance monitoring and adjustment module and the adaptive interference suppression module, realizes signal processing, performance optimization, and interference suppression. The multi-protocol co-optimization module dynamically selects protocol combinations according to communication scenarios, and the key dynamic distribution and management module completes the dynamic allocation and real-time monitoring of keys to ensure the stable transmission and reasonable use of keys.

[0123] All the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of this patent. The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quantum key distribution control method, characterized in that Including the following steps: Band configuration step S1: Configure the quantum key distribution (QKD) signal at the wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C band, enabling it to be transmitted through the same optical fiber as the classical communication network DWDM C96 band. Leveraging the low-loss characteristics of the C band, signal attenuation is reduced, facilitating the use of general-purpose devices and reducing costs and complexity; Signal processing step S2: The QKD transmitter uses a high extinction ratio electro-optic modulator and a narrow linewidth laser to generate timing pulses, loading an orthogonally coherent state modulation signal with a Gaussian distribution. After polarization and time-division multiplexing, the local oscillator light and quantum light are combined for transmission. The receiver separates the signals, randomly shifts the phase of the local oscillator light, mixes and detects the quantum and pilot signals, and completes compensation, evaluation, and key extraction through digital processing; Fusion device control step S3: Integrate the QKD function into traditional optical communication devices such as FiberHome OTN to build a quantum encryption network. Control the wavelength division of the C96 band, with three channels at 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm short wavelength and 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm long wavelength for transmitting services, and the rest using padding waves. The quantum channel is at 1524.5 nm, and the post-processing signal is carried at 1510 nm for combined wave transmission; Performance monitoring and adjustment step S4: Real-time monitor the QKD key generation rate, stability, and the impact on classical communication. If the key generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, adjust the QKD parameters. If classical communication is affected, then adjust the power distribution of quantum and classical signals, optimize wavelength division, or suppress noise to ensure system stability; Adaptive interference suppression step S5: Real-time monitor the noise and interference in the optical fiber link, use machine learning to build a prediction model, and dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods based on the results. In case of interference at a specific frequency, adjust the modulation frequency or coding pattern to avoid the interference band and ensure reliable key transmission; Multi-protocol collaborative optimization step S6: In quantum key transmission, coordinate the operation of multiple protocols according to communication scenarios and requirements, and dynamically select the optimal combination. For example, combine the advantages of the BB84 and E91 protocols for long-distance transmission, and adopt a smooth transition mechanism when switching protocols to ensure continuous and stable key transmission; Key dynamic distribution management step S7: According to the usage situation and security requirements of quantum keys, dynamically adjust the distribution strategy, build a priority model, allocate keys according to the security level and real-time requirements of users or services, and real-time monitor the key balance and usage rate. When the keys are insufficient, promptly initiate the generation and distribution process to ensure communication security.

2. The quantum key transmission control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the performance monitoring and adjustment step, monitor the bit error rate, packet loss rate, and latency of classical communication signals.

3. A quantum key transmission control method according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal processing step adopts the continuous variable (CV) Gaussian modulation coherent state GG02 protocol.

4. A quantum key transmission control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the performance monitoring and adjustment step, the QKD key generation rate is measured every 10 seconds, and the average value of 25 consecutive tests is used as the measured average key generation rate.

5. A quantum key transmission control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the adaptive interference suppression step, the machine learning algorithm is a neural network algorithm, which improves the accuracy of interference prediction through learning historical noise and interference data.

6. A quantum key transmission control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the key dynamic distribution management step, for users or services with a high security level and urgent real-time requirements, when the key reserve is insufficient, some key resources that are not currently in use by other low-priority users or services can be preferentially invoked.

7. A quantum key distribution control system, characterized in that, Including the following modules: Band Configuration Module: Configure the Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) signal at the wavelength of 1524.5 nm in the C band, enabling it to be co-fiber transmitted with the DWDMC96 band of the classical communication network. Make full use of the characteristics of the C band to reduce signal transmission loss. Signal Processing Module: At the QKD transmitter, use a high extinction ratio electro-optic modulator and a narrow linewidth laser to generate pulses, load the quadrature coherent state modulation signal, and transmit it after multiplexing and aggregating the local oscillator light and the quantum light. At the receiver, separate the signals, randomly shift the phase of the local oscillator light, mix and detect the quantum and pilot signals, and complete operations such as key extraction through digital processing. Fusion Device Control Module: Integrated into traditional optical communication devices, control the wavelength division of the C96 wavelength, transmit services through three channels: the short wave of 1529.16 - 1529.94 nm and the long wave of 1566.32 - 1567.14 nm, and use filler waves for the rest. The quantum channel is at 1524.5 nm, and the post-processing signal is carried at 1510 nm. All signals are multiplexed and transmitted. Performance Monitoring and Adjustment Module: Real-time monitor the QKD key generation rate, stability, and the impact on classical communication. If the key generation rate does not meet the standard or is unstable, adjust the QKD parameters. If classical communication is affected, adjust the signal power, wavelength division configuration, or suppress noise. Adaptive Interference Suppression Module: Real-time monitor the noise and interference in the optical fiber link, use machine learning to build a prediction model, and dynamically adjust the quantum signal modulation parameters and coding methods according to the prediction results to avoid interference frequency bands and enhance the anti-interference ability. Multi-Protocol Cooperative Optimization Module: When transmitting quantum keys, coordinate the operation of multiple protocols according to the communication scenario and requirements, dynamically select the optimal combination, and adopt a smooth transition mechanism for protocol switching to ensure continuous and stable key transmission. Key Dynamic Distribution Management Module: Based on the key usage and security requirements, dynamically adjust the distribution strategy, build a priority model, allocate keys according to the security level and requirements of users or services, and real-time monitor the remaining amount and usage rate. When it is insufficient, start the generation and distribution process.

8. A quantum key transmission control system according to claim 7, wherein The Performance Monitoring and Adjustment Module monitors the bit error rate, packet loss rate, and latency of classical communication signals.

9. A quantum key distribution control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The traditional optical communication transmission device is a FiberHome OTN device.

10. A quantum key transmission control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the Adaptive Interference Suppression Module, the historical noise and interference data used for training the machine learning model are sourced from the data collected during different time periods and under different transmission link environments in the system operation process, so as to improve the adaptability of the model to complex interference environments.

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