Passive wireless temperature monitoring method for microwave direct-driven energy storage station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of passive sensing, and discloses a microwave direct-driven energy storage station passive wireless temperature monitoring system and method, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a plurality of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet, and enabling the MDFC sensors to achieve the passive wireless sensing of temperature; microwave driving base stations are arranged for a plurality of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet; each microwave driving base station sends a downlink microwave driving signal to a plurality of MDFC sensors in a communication coverage range of the microwave driving base station, and the MDFC sensors meeting a preset communication rule return uplink signals; and each microwave driving base station demodulates the received uplink signal to obtain the temperature information of the monitoring position of the corresponding MDFC sensor. According to the invention, the independent microwave driving base station is combined with the unique ID, so that the deployment density of the passive sensor can be greatly improved, and the passive sensor is not limited by wiring; the common problem of same-frequency interference in the traditional passive sensing technology is solved, and the reliability and the stability of passive sensing can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of passive sensing technologies, and particularly to a passive wireless temperature monitoring system and method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves, which are used to solve the problems of difficult wired sensing wiring and small coverage density, as well as short battery life and difficult maintenance of wireless sensing. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of new energy development work in China, the proportion of renewable energy has been continuously increasing. Electrochemical energy storage power stations such as lithium-ion batteries and flow batteries have been rapidly popularized during this process. The single-cell capacity has expanded from the MW level to the GW level, and the system complexity has increased significantly. The substantial growth in the scale of the energy storage station has put forward higher requirements for the operation and maintenance and safety monitoring and guarantee work of related facilities.

[0003] Existing energy storage stations mainly use lithium batteries. There are a large number of energy storage batteries in the area where the energy storage station is located. When the battery or the energy storage station malfunctions, the temperature is often the early symptom of the fault. The temperature state of the connection point between the battery cell and the busbar is one of the core indicators of the safety state of the energy storage station. Usually, temperature sensors need to be installed at each key control point to achieve real-time high-precision monitoring of the temperature of the key points of the equipment, timely discover and handle abnormal situations, and avoid the occurrence of safety accidents.

[0004] The present invention provides a passive wireless temperature monitoring system and method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves, which are used to solve the problems of difficult wired sensing wiring and small coverage density, as well as short battery life and difficult maintenance of wireless sensing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a passive wireless temperature monitoring system and method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves, which are used to solve the problems of difficult wired sensing wiring and small coverage density, as well as short battery life and difficult maintenance of wireless sensing.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves. The energy storage station is provided with a plurality of energy storage cabinets, including a plurality of MDFC sensors arranged in each energy storage cabinet and a plurality of microwave driving base stations arranged outside each energy storage cabinet; wherein, The MDFC sensor is configured to perform passive wireless sensing on the temperature at the monitored position inside the energy storage cabinet; The microwave driving base station is configured to send a downlink microwave driving signal to a plurality of MDFC sensors within its communication coverage range, receive the uplink signal returned by the MDFC sensors that meet the preset communication rules, and demodulate the uplink signal to obtain the temperature information at the monitored position; Specifically, the preset communication rule means that each excitation signal carries a single specified ID information to be communicated. After each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station receives the excitation signal, it compares its own ID with the issued ID, and the sensors with successful comparison send the uplink frequency.

[0007] To better implement the present invention, further, the preset communication rule may also mean that each excitation signal carries two or more specified ID information to be communicated. After each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station receives the excitation signal, it compares its own ID with the issued ID, and the sensors with successful comparison send the uplink frequency; among them, the uplink frequencies sent by the MDFC sensors corresponding to the two or more specified IDs are different.

[0008] To better implement the present invention, further, the IDs of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different from each other.

[0009] To better implement the present invention, further, the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet can operate at the same uplink frequency, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two-by-two energy storage cabinets are different; or, the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different from each other, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two-by-two energy storage cabinets are different.

[0010] To better implement the present invention, further, the number of microwave-driven base stations is the same as or different from the number of energy storage cabinets.

[0011] The present invention also provides a passive wireless temperature monitoring method for a microwave direct-drive energy storage station, including the following steps: Step 1, set a number of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet, where the MDFC sensors are used to realize passive wireless sensing of temperature; Step 2, set microwave-driven base stations for a number of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet at a certain distance outside each energy storage cabinet; Step 3, each microwave-driven base station sends a downlink microwave drive signal to a number of MDFC sensors within its communication coverage, and the MDFC sensors that meet the preset communication rule return an uplink signal; among them, the carrier frequencies of the downlink microwave drive signal and the uplink signal are different; Step 4, each microwave-driven base station demodulates the received uplink signal respectively to obtain the temperature information of the monitoring position of the corresponding MDFC sensor.

[0012] To better implement the present invention, further, the preset communication rule adopts any of the following methods: Method 1: Each excitation signal carries the single specified ID information to be communicated. After each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station receives the excitation signal, it compares its own ID with the issued ID. The sensors with successful comparison send the uplink frequency. Method 2: Each excitation signal carries more than two specified ID information to be communicated. After each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station receives the excitation signal, it compares its own ID with the issued ID. The sensors with successful comparison send the uplink frequency. Among them, the uplink frequencies sent by the MDFC sensors corresponding to the more than two specified IDs are different.

[0013] To better implement the present invention, further, in step two, the microwave-driven base station includes a transmitting module, a receiving module, and a digital processing module. The transmitting module transmits excitation microwaves to supply energy to the MDFC sensors. The receiving module is used to perform filtering, amplification, down-conversion, etc. on the received uplink signal. The digital processing module is used to complete the control of the transmitting module and the receiving module and the reprocessing of the signal processed by the receiving module.

[0014] To better implement the present invention, further, in step one, the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet can operate at the same uplink frequency, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two-by-two energy storage cabinets are different; or, the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different from each other, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two-by-two energy storage cabinets are different.

[0015] To better implement the present invention, further, in step two, each microwave-driven base station transmits a microwave drive signal with a power within a preset threshold, and the transmission power increases from small to large until all the reflected signals of the sensors in this energy storage cabinet can be received. Record the current transmission power and use it as the optimal transmission power of this base station.

[0016] The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory; the processor includes the passive wireless temperature monitoring system of the energy storage station driven directly by microwave described above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions; when the instructions run on the electronic device described in the third aspect above, the electronic device is enabled to execute the method described in the first aspect above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a passive wireless temperature monitoring system and method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwave. By means of an independent microwave-driven base station + unique identity ID, the deployment density of passive sensors can be greatly improved, and it is not restricted by wiring. (2) The present invention provides a passive wireless temperature monitoring system and method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves, which solves the common co-frequency interference problem in traditional passive sensing technologies and can greatly improve the reliability and stability of passive sensing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the following drawings and embodiments. All creative concepts of the present invention should be regarded as the disclosed content and the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a passive wireless temperature monitoring system for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of a passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station driven directly by microwaves provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency part of an independent microwave-driven base station provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation of the protection scope. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can also be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0023] Embodiment 1: At present, the temperature monitoring of key nodes in energy storage power stations mainly includes active sensors, passive sensors, and non-contact monitoring methods.

[0024] Active sensor monitoring includes wired temperature sensor monitoring and wireless active sensor monitoring. Among them, wired temperature sensors directly contact the object to be measured and use active sensors such as NTC thermistors, PT100 platinum resistors, and thermocouples to collect temperature data, which requires external power or signal lines for power supply. Wireless active sensors need to be powered by built-in batteries for some wireless sensors and transmit data through protocols such as ZigBee and LoRa.

[0025] Passive sensor monitoring includes inductive power-taking wireless sensor monitoring, which obtains energy from the current of the device to be measured by electromagnetic induction and does not require an external power supply or battery.

[0026] Non-contact monitoring technologies include infrared thermal imaging technology and ultrasonic and XRD-CT technologies. Infrared thermal imaging technology captures the thermal radiation on the surface of an object through an infrared thermal imager and generates a temperature distribution map. The ultrasonic and XRD-CT technology is a non-destructive temperature measurement technology proposed by a team at University College London, UK, based on X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRD-CT), which can generate a temperature distribution map inside the battery in real time. In addition, the ultrasonic technology indirectly reflects the temperature state by detecting changes in the internal structure of the battery.

[0027] Considering the particularity of the power energy storage station, the present invention focuses on the improvement and application of passive sensing technology. Although existing passive wireless sensing technologies show advantages such as maintenance-free and long life to a certain extent, their technical limitations are also relatively obvious. The specific disadvantages include strong dependence on energy supply, limited transmission distance and signal stability, and signal conflicts and energy competition problems in multi-node collaboration.

[0028] Strong dependence on energy supply means relying on external energy sources. By taking power from environmental energy such as electromagnetic induction, vibration, or temperature difference, if the device is in a low-current (such as standby state), low-vibration, or no-temperature-difference environment, the sensor may fail due to insufficient energy, resulting in data collection interruption and forming a monitoring blind area. For example, when the contacts of a high-voltage circuit breaker are operating at low load, the inductive power-taking sensor may not be able to work continuously.

[0029] The limitation of transmission distance and signal stability is due to energy limitations. Since the wireless transmission distance is usually short, relay devices are needed to cover large energy storage power stations. In addition, in a strong electromagnetic interference environment (such as near the PCS), wireless signals are easily interfered, resulting in packet loss or error codes, thus affecting the reliability of real-time monitoring.

[0030] The problems of signal conflict and energy competition in multi-node collaboration include that when densely deployed, multiple sensors may cause channel congestion due to simultaneous data transmission, and multiple inductive power-taking sensors on the same busbar may affect performance due to uneven energy distribution. Specifically, in existing common passive Internet of Things sensing technologies such as RFID, the uplink and downlink carrier signals often have the same frequency, which is prone to cause the gateway to be unable to transmit high power due to co-frequency blocking, and the energy received by the tag end is limited, resulting in insurmountable difficulties such as limited wireless communication distance.

[0031] A large number of lithium batteries are deployed in the energy storage station. At present, wired methods are widely used in the energy storage station to monitor the temperature of high-density lithium batteries, which will face a large amount of line laying work. Therefore, the number of monitoring points is greatly limited, and only key parts can be preferentially selected for monitoring; there are also some energy storage stations that adopt a wireless sensor scheme with batteries. This monitoring method faces the problems of short battery life of the sensors and a large amount of maintenance work due to asynchronous discharge cycles during batch applications.

[0032] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a passive wireless temperature monitoring system for an energy storage station based on microwave direct drive, as Figure 1 shown. The energy storage station is provided with a plurality of energy storage cabinets (for example, energy storage cabinet 1 to energy storage cabinet m). A plurality of MDFC (Microwave Driven Frequency Conversion) sensors are arranged in each energy storage cabinet. The IDs of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different from each other. The MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet can operate at the same uplink frequency, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two adjacent energy storage cabinets are different. For example, N1 MDFC sensors 1-1, ……, 1-N1 are arranged in energy storage cabinet 1, and the corresponding IDs are ID1-1, ……, ID1-N1 respectively. The uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in energy storage cabinet 1 are all f1; N2 MDFC sensors 2-1, ……, 2-N2 are arranged in energy storage cabinet 2, and the corresponding IDs are ID2-1, ……, ID2-N2 respectively. The uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in energy storage cabinet 2 are all f2; ……; Similarly, N m MDFC sensors m-1, ……, m-N m are arranged in energy storage cabinet m, and the corresponding IDs are IDm-1, ……, IDm-N m respectively. The uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in energy storage cabinet m are all f m .

[0033] It can be understood that in some alternative embodiments, when the uplink bandwidth permits, the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different from each other, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two adjacent energy storage cabinets are different.

[0034] A microwave-driven base station is arranged outside each energy storage cabinet, and the microwave-driven base station is used to provide an excitation signal to the MDFC sensor in the energy storage cabinet, and its downlink frequency is f0; it can be understood that the number of microwave-driven base stations and the number of energy storage cabinets can be the same or different. In some locations, when two or more energy storage cabinets are within the communication coverage of a certain microwave-driven base station, these energy storage cabinets can share the microwave-driven base station. Exemplarily, energy storage cabinet 1 and energy storage cabinet 2 are both within the effective coverage of microwave-driven base station 1, and the communication coverage of microwave-driven base station m can only cover energy storage cabinet m.

[0035] The present invention is mainly used to solve the above-mentioned problems of difficult wiring / low coverage density of wired sensors and short battery life / difficult maintenance of wireless sensors. The present invention uses a microwave direct drive module as the core to establish an independent microwave drive base station to excite and receive signals for high-density passive sensors, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the operation of the passive sensing system in high-density application scenarios. The passive sensor in the present invention adopts a unique ID management mechanism to simplify the management complexity of downlink signal driving and uplink signal demodulation; under the same excitation signal, the uplink signal ID and frequency band of the passive sensor at the same time are different. Each excitation signal carries the designated ID information of the intended communication. After each sensor receives the excitation signal, it will compare its own ID with the issued ID. The sensor with successful comparison sends the uplink frequency. It can be seen that the present invention can also solve the co-frequency interference problem existing in the prior art, such as RFID.

[0036] Embodiment 2: Based on Example 1, this example proposes a passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station based on microwave direct drive, comprising the following steps: Step 1: several MDFC sensors are respectively arranged in each energy storage cabinet, wherein the MDFC sensors are used to realize passive wireless sensing of temperature.

[0037] In step 1, since the internal environment of each energy storage cabinet may be different, the monitoring position and the number of monitoring points may be different. It is understandable that the number of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet may be different. In addition, each MDFC sensor in each energy storage cabinet can operate at the same uplink frequency, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two energy storage cabinets are different; it is understandable that in some alternative implementations, when the uplink bandwidth allows, the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two energy storage cabinets are different.

[0038] Step 2: A microwave driven base station is set outside each energy storage cabinet and at a certain distance for a number of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet.

[0039] In step two, a microwave-driven base station is arranged outside each energy storage cabinet. The microwave-driven base station is used to provide an excitation signal to the MDFC sensors inside the energy storage cabinet, and their downlink frequencies are all f0. It can be understood that the number of microwave-driven base stations may be the same as or different from the number of energy storage cabinets.

[0040] Step three, each microwave-driven base station sends a downlink microwave drive signal to a number of MDFC sensors within its communication coverage area, and the MDFC sensors that meet the preset communication rules return an uplink signal. Among them, the carrier frequencies of the downlink microwave drive signal and the uplink signal are different.

[0041] In step three, the aforementioned "preset communication rule" specifically means that each excitation signal carries a single specified ID information to be communicated. After each sensor within the communication coverage area of the microwave-driven base station receives the excitation signal, it will compare its own ID with the issued ID, and the sensors that succeed in the comparison send the uplink frequency. Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, within the communication coverage area m of the microwave-driven base station m, there is only the energy storage cabinet m. Each sensor in the energy storage cabinet m compares its own ID with the single specified ID information issued by the microwave-driven base station, and the sensors that succeed in the comparison send the uplink frequency.

[0042] In some other embodiments, the aforementioned "preset communication rule" specifically means that each excitation signal carries two or more specified ID information to be communicated. After each sensor within the communication coverage area of the microwave-driven base station receives the excitation signal, it will compare its own ID with the issued ID, and the sensors that succeed in the comparison send the uplink frequency. Among them, the uplink frequencies sent by the MDFC sensors corresponding to the aforementioned "two or more specified IDs" are different. Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, both the energy storage cabinet 1 and the energy storage cabinet 2 are within the effective coverage area of the microwave-driven base station 1. The downlink microwave drive signal issued by the microwave-driven base station at a certain moment carries the ID1-1 and ID2-N2 information. Each sensor in the energy storage cabinet 1 and the energy storage cabinet 2 compares its own ID with the ID1-1 and ID2-N2 information. The sensor ID1-1 in the energy storage cabinet 1 succeeds in the comparison with the issued ID1-1 and immediately sends the uplink frequency f1. The sensor ID2-N2 in the energy storage cabinet 2 succeeds in the comparison with the issued ID2-N2 and immediately sends the uplink frequency f2.

[0043] Step four, each microwave-driven base station demodulates the received uplink signal respectively to obtain the temperature information of the monitoring position of the corresponding MDFC sensor.

[0044] Based on the MDFC technology and with a passive wireless temperature sensor at its core, the present invention uses the microwave generated by microwave direct drive as a carrier to load the status information, realizing the passivation and wirelessization of the sensor end, thereby overcoming many problems caused by line laying construction, breaking the high-voltage safety distance, and maintenance.

[0045] The present invention is applicable to scenarios where sensors are densely distributed. The present invention takes the cabinet as a unit and uses a unique communication module for excitation. There are many sensors in the storage cabinet. The method proposed by the present invention specifies a single ID for the excitation signal to wake up, and there is no co-frequency interference that may be caused by multiple sensors being woken up simultaneously, and there is no limit to the number of sensors in the storage cabinet.

[0046] Embodiment 3: This embodiment further optimizes on the basis of the above Embodiment 1 or 2. The energy storage station of the independent microwave drive base station mainly adopts the energy storage cabinet mode. The number of lithium batteries stored in a single energy storage cabinet is large, and the corresponding number of nodes to be monitored is also huge. Therefore, the present invention adopts an independent microwave drive base station deployment method, that is, an independent microwave drive base station that can be independently deployed is formed with a microwave direct drive module as the core. A dedicated small independent microwave drive base station is separately deployed on each energy storage cabinet to be responsible for the passive sensing task within the cabinet. The transmission of the drive signal and the reception of the reflected signal between each energy storage cabinet are carried out independently and do not affect each other. The radio frequency part of the independent microwave drive base station includes three modules as follows Figure 3 as shown.

[0047] Transmission module: used to transmit the excitation microwave to supply energy to the passive sensor; Receiving module: adopts a common superheterodyne architecture, for example, reference can be made to the prior patent application (CN202410342256.4 Passive sensor frequency conversion transmission method, system time division polling method and system). In the receiving module, the signal f in (that is, the signal reflected by MDFC, in the predetermined frequency band) enters the mixer after filtering and amplification, and after mixing with the local oscillator signal f LO , it becomes an intermediate frequency signal with a frequency of f IF . The relationship between the three frequencies is f IF = f in - f LO . The intermediate frequency signal enters the digital processing module to restore the sensing information after being filtered by the filter to remove the clutter interference for the second time. Under the condition of fixing f IF target, by adjusting f LO , the f in signal to be processed can be selected.

[0048] Digital processing module: responsible for completing the control of the receiving / transmitting module and signal processing.

[0049] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of the above Embodiments 1-2, so they will not be described in detail again.

[0050] Embodiment 4: On the basis of any one of the above Embodiments 1-3, this embodiment is further optimized. The polling transmission / reception mechanism of the independent microwave-driven base station includes: Each passive sensor is assigned a unique ID number. Taking the independent microwave-driven base station as a unit, a 1-to-N correspondence database of each independent microwave-driven base station and all its subordinate passive sensors is established, and the preset reflection signal frequency of each passive sensor is saved; Transmission of the drive signal: The independent microwave-driven base station sequentially obtains the ID and reflection frequency fn of its subordinate passive sensors one by one, adds its ID to the leading part of the drive signal (f0), and then transmits this drive signal to the energy storage cabinet through the transmission module; Stimulation processing of the passive sensor: The passive sensor receives the f0 signal from the independent microwave-driven base station, demodulates the ID and compares it with its own ID. If they are inconsistent, the processing is abandoned; otherwise, the sensor data is modulated to the corresponding frequency band f n and reflected. The leading part of the reflected signal contains its ID information; Receiving the reflected signal: The receiving module of the base station sequentially sets the receiving frequency band on the corresponding fn of each passive sensor, demodulates the ID and sensing value contained in the reflected signal, and sends it to the background for further processing; Through the above steps, the independent microwave-driven base station obtains the sensing data of one passive sensor each time until the data of all its subordinate passive sensors is obtained.

[0051] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of the above Embodiments 1-3, so they will not be described in detail again.

[0052] Embodiment 5: On the basis of any one of the above Embodiments 1-4, this embodiment is further optimized. The optimal microwave drive power of the independent microwave-driven base station includes: Since there is no specific standard for the material and thickness of the energy storage cabinet, the placement density and spacing of the energy storage cabinets, it is necessary to determine the optimal transmission power after the deployment of each energy storage cabinet to save energy.

[0053] The independent microwave-driven base station transmits microwave drive signals at a power within a preset threshold, starting from small to large until all the reflected signals of the sensors in this energy storage cabinet can be received, records the current transmission power, and takes it as the optimal transmission power of this base station.

[0054] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of the above Embodiments 1-4, so they will not be described in detail again.

[0055] Embodiment 6: The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory; the processor includes the passive wireless temperature monitoring system of the microwave direct-drive energy storage station described above.

[0056] Embodiment 7: The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions; when the instructions run on the electronic device described in the above embodiments, the electronic device is caused to execute the method described in the above embodiments. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may be a memory.

[0057] The processor involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a chip. For example, it may be a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a System on Chip (SoC), a Central Processor Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a MicroController Unit (MCU), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0058] The memory involved in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchlink dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (DRRAM). It should be noted that the memories of the systems and methods described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0059] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0060] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or by a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0061] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.

[0062] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or modules can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0063] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one device, or may be distributed to multiple devices. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0064] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the functional modules can be integrated in one device, or each module can exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated in one device.

[0065] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired manner (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wirelessly (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that the computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more integrated media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a Solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.

[0066] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for a microwave direct-drive energy storage station. The energy storage station is provided with a number of energy storage cabinets, characterized in that, It includes a number of MDFC sensors arranged in each energy storage cabinet and a number of microwave driven base stations arranged outside each energy storage cabinet; wherein, The MDFC sensor is configured to perform passive wireless sensing of the temperature at a monitoring position in the energy storage cabinet; The microwave driven base station is configured to send downlink microwave driven signals to a number of MDFC sensors within its communication coverage, receive uplink signals returned by MDFC sensors that meet preset communication rules, and demodulate the uplink signals to obtain temperature information at the monitoring location; The preset communication rule specifically means that each excitation signal carries a single designated ID information to be communicated. After receiving the excitation signal, each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station compares its own ID with the issued ID, and the sensor with successful comparison sends an uplink frequency.

2. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset communication rule may also mean that each excitation signal carries information of two or more designated IDs to be communicated, and after receiving the excitation signal, each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station compares its own ID with the ID sent down, and the sensor with successful comparison sends an uplink frequency; wherein the uplink frequencies sent by the MDFC sensors corresponding to the two or more designated IDs are different.

3. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ID of each MDFC sensor in each energy storage cabinet is different.

4. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 1, characterized in that The MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet can operate at the same uplink frequency, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in every two energy storage cabinets are different; or, the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in every two energy storage cabinets are different.

5. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of microwave drive base stations is the same as or different from the number of energy storage cabinets.

6. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: Step 1: a plurality of MDFC sensors are respectively arranged in each energy storage cabinet, wherein the MDFC sensors are used to realize passive wireless sensing of temperature; Step 2: Setting a microwave driving base station for a number of MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet at a certain distance outside each energy storage cabinet; Step 3: Each microwave driving base station sends a downlink microwave driving signal to a number of MDFC sensors within its communication coverage, and the MDFC sensors that meet the preset communication rules return an uplink signal; wherein the carrier frequency of the downlink microwave driving signal is different from that of the uplink signal; Step 4: Each microwave driven base station demodulates the received uplink signal to obtain the temperature information of the corresponding MDFC sensor monitoring position.

7. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 6, characterized in that The preset communication rule adopts any of the following methods: Method 1: Each excitation signal carries a single designated ID information to be communicated. After receiving the excitation signal, each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station compares its own ID with the ID sent down. The sensor with successful comparison sends the uplink frequency; Method 2: Each excitation signal carries information of two or more designated IDs to be communicated. After receiving the excitation signal, each sensor within the communication coverage of the microwave-driven base station compares its own ID with the ID sent down. The sensor with successful comparison sends an uplink frequency; wherein the uplink frequencies sent by the MDFC sensors corresponding to the two or more designated IDs are different.

8. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step two, the microwave-driven base station includes a transmitting module, a receiving module, and a digital processing module. The transmitting module transmits exciting microwaves to supply energy to the MDFC sensors. The receiving module is used to perform processing such as filtering, amplifying, and down-converting on the received uplink signals. The digital processing module is used to complete the control of the transmitting module and the receiving module and the reprocessing of the signals processed by the receiving module.

9. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 6, characterized in that In step one, the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet can operate at the same uplink frequency, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two energy storage cabinets are different; or, the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in each energy storage cabinet are different from each other, and the uplink frequencies of the MDFC sensors in two energy storage cabinets are different.

10. A passive wireless temperature monitoring method for an energy storage station with microwave direct drive according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step two, each microwave-driven base station transmits a microwave drive signal with a power within a preset threshold. The transmission power increases from small to large until all the reflected signals of the sensors in this energy storage cabinet can be received. Record the current transmission power and use it as the optimal transmission power of this base station.

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