Method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in wireless communication system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and discloses a method and device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, and the method comprises the following steps: a terminal detects an uplink control information set which needs to be transmitted currently; the terminal estimates a resource block demand according to the uplink control information set and maps the resource block demand into a hierarchical request value; the terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to a base station; the base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request value; the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation in combination with the prediction matrix and a preset control information type priority under the constraint of a total resource block, and issues a scheduling result; and the terminal completes control information transmission through an uplink by using the allocated resource block according to the scheduling result. According to the invention, the dynamic adaptability of uplink control information transmission and the resource allocation efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular to a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system. Background Art

[0002] In the current wireless communication system, control information, as the core content of link reliability guarantee and resource management negotiation, the transmission quality and timeliness of its uplink directly affect the overall stability of the communication system. Control information mainly includes ACK / NACK responses, channel state information (CSI), scheduling requests (SR), etc. These information usually have the characteristics of periodicity, event-triggering, and urgency. Especially in multi-antenna and multi-user concurrent systems such as 5G NR, the transmission frequency of control information has increased significantly, posing higher requirements for the timeliness and flexibility of resource allocation.

[0003] In traditional wireless communication systems, in order to ensure the timeliness of control information, the pre-configuration method is generally used to allocate uplink control channel resources for terminals. That is, the system pre-reserves a fixed number of resource blocks for various types of control information, and enables the terminals to send control information according to the established positions through broadcast parameters. This method has a simple implementation mechanism and clear scheduling logic, and can meet the upload requirements of basic control information. However, with the diversification of service scenarios and the increase in user density, the types and quantities of control information have fluctuated and increased, and the fixed resource allocation strategy has been difficult to adapt to the frequently changing demand structure.

[0004] In actual operation of the prior art, there is often a dynamic mismatch problem between resource allocation and actual control information requirements. On the one hand, in a light-load scenario, the static pre-allocation of resources is likely to cause resource vacancy and waste; on the other hand, in a heavy-load or high-incidence scenario of burst services, the fixed configuration may lead to insufficient control signaling resources, so that the critical control information of some terminals is difficult to be transmitted on time, and in severe cases, it even affects the scheduling synchronization and the establishment of the data path. In addition, since most of the prior art lacks an effective prediction mechanism for terminal behavior and demand trends, the system can only respond passively to current resource requests, and it is difficult to perform forward-looking allocation and overall optimization based on historical behavior.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, which solves the problems of static and rigid resource allocation mechanism, lagging scheduling response, and insufficient transmission reliability of critical control information in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising the following steps: The terminal detects the set of uplink control information to be transmitted currently; The terminal estimates the resource block requirements according to the set of uplink control information and maps them to a hierarchical request value; The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station; The base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; Under the total resource block constraint, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and sends down the scheduling result; The terminal completes the transmission of control information through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result.

[0008] Preferably, the set of uplink control information includes at least one of hybrid automatic repeat request, channel state information, and scheduling request.

[0009] Preferably, the step in which the terminal estimates the resource block requirements according to the set of uplink control information and maps them to a hierarchical request value includes: Determine the corresponding resource block requirement range according to the control information type; Based on the data volume of various control information in the set of uplink control information, select a hierarchical request value within the corresponding resource block requirement range.

[0010] Preferably, the step in which the terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station includes: Jointly encode the hierarchical request value and the terminal identifier to generate a resource block request signaling; Send the resource block request signaling to the base station at a dedicated resource position of the physical uplink shared channel PUCCH.

[0011] Preferably, the step in which the base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values includes: Perform time window partitioning on historical resource block request values to generate a three-dimensional data tensor Wherein, U represents the number of terminals; T represents the number of historical time slots; K represents the number of control information types; Expand the three-dimensional data tensor into a two-dimensional matrix according to the terminal dimension Fill in the missing values through a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate a terminal behavior prediction matrix P.

[0012] Preferably, the optimization objective of the low-rank matrix completion algorithm is: Among them, is the time smoothing regularization term, indicating the slice of the prediction matrix at time slot t; is the terminal similarity regularization term, indicating the prediction slice of terminal i; s ij ∈[0,1] represents the quality of service similarity between terminal i and terminal j; λ1, λ2>0 are the time smoothing coefficient and the similarity constraint coefficient respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the steps for the base station to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority under the total resource block constraint and sending the scheduling result include: The base station sets the resource block allocation upper limit according to the total number of currently available resource blocks; The base station extracts the resource block prediction demand values of each terminal for each control information type from the terminal behavior prediction matrix; The base station processes each control information type in order from high to low according to the preset control information type priority; at each priority level, the base station performs sparse optimization on the corresponding control information of all terminals and preferentially allocates to the terminals with higher prediction values; When there are overlapping requests for some resource blocks, the base station performs conflict mediation based on the terminal historical scheduling saturation; The base station performs overall sparse optimization resource block allocation on the premise of meeting the total resource block constraint and sends the scheduling result to each terminal through the downlink control signaling.

[0014] Preferably, the optimization objective of the mathematical model for the sparse optimization resource block allocation is defined as: Maximize the weighted utility function: And the following constraint conditions are used as optimization constraints: Among them, represents the number of resource blocks allocated to terminal u for control information type k; α k >0 represents the priority weight of control information type k and satisfies R total represents the total resource block budget of the current system; R max represents the maximum resource block allocation value for each terminal for each type of control information; log(1 + A u,k ) is the logarithmic utility function, which is used to enhance sparsity and improve allocation fairness.

[0015] Preferably, the steps for the terminal to complete the control information transmission through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result include: The terminal receives the resource block allocation information included in the scheduling result sent by the base station; The terminal analyzes the uplink resource block position indicated in the resource block allocation information and the corresponding control information type; The terminal performs encoding and modulation processing on the control information to be sent according to the preset encoding and modulation method; The terminal performs uplink transmission at the time-frequency resource position corresponding to the allocated resource block according to the encoding and modulation result; The terminal performs the uplink transmission process of the control information according to the transmission time slot or transmission period configured by the base station.

[0016] The present invention also provides a device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, including: The device on the terminal side includes: A control information detection module, configured to detect the set of uplink control information to be transmitted currently; A resource demand mapping module, configured to estimate and map the resource block demand of the control information set into a hierarchical request value; A request signaling sending module, configured to send a resource block request signaling including the hierarchical request value to the base station; The device on the base station side includes: A behavior prediction modeling module, configured to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; A sparse optimization allocation module, configured to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation under the total resource block constraint, in combination with the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority; A scheduling result sending module, configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal through downlink control signaling; The device on the terminal side further includes: A control information transmission module, configured to complete the transmission of control information through the uplink using the allocated resource block according to the received scheduling result.

[0017] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention uses the long-term collection and statistical analysis of historical resource block request values on the base station side to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix as the decision basis for predicting future scheduling requirements. Based on the resource block requests, this prediction matrix maps the request behavior trends of the terminal on different control information types, realizing the transformation of the scheduling strategy from passive response to active prediction. This way breaks through the limitations of traditional static configuration methods, making the resource scheduling process have foresight and adaptability, and helping to improve the flexibility and scheduling accuracy of the overall system operation.

[0018] 2. The present invention further introduces the concept of control information type priority in the resource block allocation stage, sets weight parameters for different types of uplink control information (such as HARQ-ACK, CSI, SR, etc.), and combines the resource block demand prediction value to form a scheduling objective function based on weighted sparse optimization. When system resources are limited, the base station can give priority to the transmission request of high-priority control information, thereby ensuring the linkage between the task level of control information transmission and resource scheduling, and improving the system's ability to guarantee key control processes.

[0019] 3. The sparse optimization allocation strategy adopted by the present invention constructs a mathematical model with controllable sparsity and fairness, controls the distribution density of resource blocks among terminals through the logarithmic utility function term in the objective function, and introduces a conflict mediation mechanism in combination with the historical scheduling saturation of the terminal. This optimization model not only has the ability to allocate from the perspective of overall resources, but also prevents resource allocation from being biased towards a certain terminal or type, thereby achieving dynamic load balancing and improving the global fairness of scheduling and the efficiency of system resource utilization.

[0020] 4. The present invention defines a detailed control information transmission process on the terminal side, covering the entire process from receiving scheduling results, parsing resource block positions, to modulation and coding of control information and physical layer transmission. The terminal uses adaptive modulation and coding parameters based on the resource block position and control information type carried in the scheduling signaling, and completes data transmission according to the transmission time slot or cycle, thereby realizing refined utilization of uplink resources. At the same time, the closed-loop response process cooperates with the prediction and scheduling strategy formation mechanism on the base station side to enhance the system coordination capability of uplink and downlink, and improve the adaptability of control information transmission in terms of timing and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the device architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 , the present invention is described in further detail.

[0023] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising the following steps: S1. The terminal detects the uplink control information set currently to be transmitted; S2. The terminal estimates resource block requirements according to the uplink control information set and maps them into hierarchical request values; S3, the terminal sends a resource block request signaling including the hierarchical request value to the base station; S4. The base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; S5. Under the total resource block constraint, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and issues the scheduling result; S6. The terminal completes the control information transmission through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result.

[0024] For step S1, in this embodiment, the implementation method is specifically described as follows: The terminal, through the control information management unit in its protocol stack, monitors the status of the control information to be transmitted through the uplink in real time or periodically. The detection process of the control information set is based on a predefined control information type classification mechanism, covering at least one of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK), channel state information (CSI), and scheduling request (SR).

[0025] The detection of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK) is triggered by the acknowledgment feedback event of downlink data transmission. When the terminal physical layer completes the decoding of the downlink transmission block, ACK or NACK indication information is generated according to the decoding result; The detection of channel state information (CSI) is based on the channel measurement period configuration. The terminal performs channel quality measurement periodically or semi-persistently according to the CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) measurement resource configuration sent by the base station, and generates a composite report including channel quality indication (CQI), precoding matrix indication (PMI), and rank indication (RI); The detection of scheduling request (SR) is triggered by the terminal media access control (MAC) layer. When the terminal has uplink data to be transmitted but has not obtained scheduling authorization, an SR request flag is generated.

[0026] The terminal internally maintains a control information cache queue for temporarily storing various types of control information to be transmitted. The cache queue adopts a priority management strategy. For multiple types of control information existing simultaneously, they are sorted according to the preset urgency rules. Preferably, the priority rules are as follows: Priority(HARQ-ACK)>Priority(CSI)>Priority(SR); To ensure that high-priority control information enters the detection and processing process first.

[0027] The control plane processor of the terminal accesses the cache queue through an interrupt mechanism or a polling mechanism. When it is detected that there is control information to be transmitted in the queue, the resource block demand estimation process is triggered. Preferably, the detection process includes the following sub-steps: Event-triggered detection: For HARQ-ACK and SR, event-driven detection is adopted, that is, specific events (such as decoding completion or cache status change) directly trigger the detection operation; Periodic scan detection: For CSI, timer-driven periodic detection is adopted, and the timer period is aligned with the CSI reporting period configured by the base station; Collision resolution: When multiple types of control information are detected at the same time, the highest-priority type is selected according to the priority rules for subsequent processing, and the remaining types are temporarily stored in the queue waiting for the next detection cycle.

[0028] For step S2, in this embodiment, the implementation method is specifically described as follows: The terminal estimates the required resource block requirements through a series of mapping mechanisms and calculation processes based on the content and characteristics of the uplink control information set, and maps this requirement to a hierarchical request value to facilitate the base station to optimize resource allocation. The key to this process is to separately evaluate the corresponding resource block requirement ranges for different types of control information, and select the corresponding hierarchical request value in combination with the data volume and network conditions. The specific implementation steps are as follows: First, the terminal identifies and classifies the types of control information that need to be transmitted currently. These control information include Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest - Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK), Channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Request (SR), etc. The number of resource blocks required for each type of control information may be different during the transmission process. Based on this, the terminal will determine the corresponding resource block requirement range according to parameters such as the characteristics, data volume, and transmission period of each type of control information.

[0029] For each type of control information, the terminal will set a resource block requirement range based on predefined rules, and this range is closely related to the size, priority, and transmission conditions of this type of information. Specifically: For Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest - Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK), its resource block requirement range mainly depends on the Transmission Block (TB) size and the corresponding feedback information volume. The terminal calculates the total amount of resources required according to the number and size of HARQ feedback, and maps it to a specific resource block request level.

[0030] For Channel State Information (CSI), its resource block requirement is not only related to the size of the CSI report, but also related to factors such as the modulation and demodulation scheme, coding method, and measurement period used by the terminal. The terminal will estimate the required resource block amount according to the measured fine-grained channel quality indicators during the CSI reporting period, and then map it to the corresponding hierarchical request value.

[0031] For a scheduling request (SR), the resource requirements of this type of information are mainly determined by the presence or absence of uplink data. When the terminal needs to send uplink data but has not yet obtained scheduling, the SR request triggers a resource block request and is mapped into a graded request value according to the size of the requested resources.

[0032] Secondly, the terminal performs a graded mapping operation according to the resource requirement range and its actual data volume of each type of control information mentioned above. Through a predefined mapping function or mapping table, this operation maps the specific resource requirements of the control information into a graded request value. This request value is represented in integer or binary form, indicating the resource level required by the current terminal. The terminal selects the most appropriate graded request value according to the priority of various types of control information and its resource requirement situation. For example, in the case of high resource block requirements, the terminal may select a higher request level to ensure sufficient uplink resources.

[0033] To ensure the efficiency and accuracy of resource requests, the terminal can make dynamic adjustments based on multiple types of information in the control information set. For example, when a certain type of control information (such as HARQ-ACK) requires higher-priority processing, the terminal may select the corresponding higher request value to obtain resources preferentially. Conversely, when the amount of control information is small or the priority is low, it is mapped to a lower-level request value.

[0034] The implementation of this process ensures that under the simultaneous transmission requirements of multiple types of control information, the terminal can accurately estimate resource requirements and make efficient resource requests to the base station through graded request values. This mapping mechanism not only improves the utilization efficiency of uplink resources but also contributes to interference management and resource scheduling in the system, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the wireless communication system.

[0035] For step S3, in this embodiment, the implementation method is specifically described as follows: After the terminal completes the estimation of resource block requirements based on the uplink control information set and maps it into a graded request value, it needs to use this graded request value as an important content of the resource request, encapsulate it into a resource block request signaling through a certain coding method, and send it to the base station on the specified uplink channel resources to achieve the closed-loop transmission of the resource request process.

[0036] To ensure the identifiability and uniqueness of the resource block request signaling, during the generation of this signaling, the terminal will jointly encode the currently obtained graded request value with its own terminal identifier. The terminal identifier is used to identify the originating terminal entity of the resource request, which can be implemented by a temporary identifier (such as C-RNTI) or a persistent identifier (such as UE ID) assigned by the radio access network (RAN).

[0037] The combined coding method preferably adopts a structured bit splicing or mapping mechanism to assemble the bit field of the terminal identifier and the hierarchical request value field into a frame of resource block request information in a preset order in the format template. Specifically, the request signaling may adopt the following form: RB_Request = Encode(ID UE ||Level Request ); where ID UE represents the bit representation of the terminal identifier; Level Request is the binary coded value of the hierarchical request value; || is the bit splicing operation; Encode(·) is the coding function, which includes steps such as bit integration, error correction check, and modulation preprocessing.

[0038] After encoding, the terminal selects the PUCCH dedicated resource location for transmitting the request signaling according to the PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) resource allocation information configured by the base station side through RRC. The PUCCH resource location preferably includes the uplink subframe number in the time domain, the physical resource block pair (PRB pair) index in the frequency domain, and optional cyclic shift parameters, etc., to ensure the reliable transmission and reception of the signaling.

[0039] The terminal schedules and transmits at the selected PUCCH resource location, modulates, encodes, and uplinks the resource block request signaling through the physical layer signal processing process. The transmission process of the physical layer includes a series of processes such as modulation mapping (such as QPSK), physical resource mapping, power control, and transmit precoding, to ensure that the signaling can be correctly received and decoded at the base station side.

[0040] It should respond to the uplink resource request level of the terminal and provide a basis for subsequent uplink resource scheduling. This mechanism helps to achieve resource request management and conflict avoidance in a multi-terminal environment.

[0041] It should be noted that the sending mechanism of the resource block request signaling is closely related to the foregoing control information detection, resource estimation, and hierarchical mapping process, forming a complete link management process from control information status monitoring to uplink resource application.

[0042] For step S4, in this embodiment, the implementation method is specifically described as follows: After receiving the resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value from each terminal, the base station continuously records the request behaviors of each terminal and constructs a long-term behavior data structure based on this, which is used to analyze the resource request patterns of the terminals and the change trends of control information, so as to assist in the subsequent optimization decision of uplink resource allocation.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the base station first divides the resource block request values collected historically into time windows. Taking time as the sequence dimension, a multi-slot resource request behavior data structure is constructed to capture the change of request characteristics of the terminal in different time slices. This data structure is preferably constructed as a three-dimensional data tensor. Among them, U represents the number of terminals participating in the uplink request within the statistical period; T represents the number of historical time slots divided, which is used for time series modeling of resource request data; K represents the number of types of control information, including HARQ-ACK, CSI, SR, etc., and identifies the type of control information corresponding to the request value.

[0044] In the three-dimensional data tensor each element represents the resource block request level value sent by the u-th terminal in the t-th time slice for the k-th type of control information.

[0045] To implement matrix processing operations for unified modeling and subsequent prediction tasks, the base station unfolds the above three-dimensional tensor along the terminal dimension and converts it into a two-dimensional matrix Each row of this matrix corresponds to the historical request behavior vector of a terminal, and the column vectors successively arrange the request values corresponding to different types of control information in each time slot.

[0046] Since the terminal may not send requests in some time slots or for some types of control information, resulting in some missing data in the matrix, it is necessary to fill the missing items in the matrix M through a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate a behavior prediction matrix Each element (u, tk) of the matrix P is the predicted value of the base station for the resource block request level of the u-th terminal in a future time slot for the k-th type of control information.

[0047] To ensure the time consistency of the filling result and the behavior similarity between terminals, the matrix completion process is constrained based on a joint optimization objective function. Specifically, the optimization objective is as follows: Among them, is the time smoothing regularization term, represents the slice of the prediction matrix at time t; is the terminal similarity regularization term, represents the prediction slice of terminal i; s ij ∈[0,1] represents the quality of service similarity between terminal i and terminal j; λ1, λ2 > 0 are the time smoothing coefficient and the similarity constraint coefficient respectively.

[0048] The above optimization function forms a structured matrix completion model by introducing regular terms in the time and space (terminal) dimensions, which can effectively fill in the missing resource request data and form a complete terminal behavior prediction matrix P. Based on this matrix, the base station can estimate the behavior pattern of the terminal's future resource requests in advance, and further guide the pre-scheduling of uplink resources and resource pool optimization.

[0049] For step S5, in this embodiment, the implementation method is specifically described as follows: Based on the terminal behavior prediction matrix that has been constructed, the base station sets the upper limit of global resource block allocation according to the total number of uplink resource blocks available in the current time slot, which is recorded as R total , which is used as the constraint boundary in the sparse optimization scheduling process.

[0050] Then, the base station predicts the terminal behavior matrix Extract the predicted resource block requirement value of each terminal u∈{1,...,U} for each control information type k∈{1,...,K} in the current time slot, and record it as These prediction values reflect the potential request intensity of various control information of the terminal in the current scheduling cycle and are the basic basis for subsequent resource allocation decisions.

[0051] After obtaining the predicted demand, the base station further introduces the control information type priority weight α pre-configured by the system k , which is used to reflect the relative importance of different control information in scheduling. For example, for HARQ-ACK signaling used to maintain the reliability of the physical link layer, a higher priority weight may be preferably assigned; for information such as CSI reported periodically, a medium or secondary weight may be preferably assigned.

[0052] In the specific scheduling process, the base station processes various types of control information in order from high to low priority. For each type of control information k, the base station processes the control information k according to the predicted demand value. All terminals are sorted and resource blocks are allocated to terminals with higher prediction values first. This process can be achieved through a sparse optimization algorithm to achieve the goal of balancing allocation sparseness and fairness.

[0053] To this end, the system constructs the following sparse optimization objective function, which aims to maximize the weighted utility function: The following constraints are used as optimization constraints: in, represents the number of resource blocks allocated to terminal u on control information type k; α k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k, and satisfies R total represents the total resource block budget of the current system; R max represents the maximum resource block allocation value for each terminal on each type of control information, which is used to prevent system imbalance caused by centralized resource allocation; log(1 + A u,k ) is a logarithmic utility function, which is used to enhance sparsity and improve allocation fairness.

[0054] In actual solution, if multiple terminals request resources for the same type of control information and there are conflicts or overlaps in the resources, the base station will mediate based on the historical scheduling saturation of the terminals. The scheduling saturation can be statistically obtained based on the resource acquisition situation of the terminals in the previous scheduling period. Preferably, the under-allocated terminals are given priority to maintain long-term fairness.

[0055] After completing the above sparse optimization process, the base station obtains the resource block scheduling result A, and generates downlink control signaling according to this result, and notifies the corresponding terminals of their available resource block configurations respectively. The control signaling is transmitted through the downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or the downlink control channel (PDCCH), and is parsed and executed by the terminals to ensure that the scheduling result can take effect in the next uplink scheduling period.

[0056] The resource block allocation mechanism comprehensively considers the terminal prediction behavior, control information priority, total resource block constraint, and terminal scheduling historical characteristics, and forms a stable and efficient resource scheduling result through joint optimization, ensuring that the system can achieve refined transmission guarantee for control information under limited resource conditions.

[0057] For step S6, in this embodiment, the implementation method is specifically described as follows: When the base station completes the sparse optimization resource block allocation and sends the scheduling result to the terminal through the downlink control signaling, the terminal obtains the resource block allocation information according to the received scheduling signaling. The fields included in the scheduling result preferably include but are not limited to: resource block location identifier, control information type identifier, start time slot, and periodic transmission parameters, etc. After receiving the control signaling, the terminal needs to first complete the parsing operation of the scheduling information.

[0058] During the parsing process, the terminal identifies the frequency domain and time domain positions of the resource blocks allocated to it, and determines the type of control information corresponding to each resource block. The type of control information may include but is not limited to hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement information (HARQ-ACK), channel state information (CSI), and scheduling request (SR), etc. According to the identification result of the control information type, the terminal retrieves the content of the control information to be transmitted respectively and prepares to enter the physical layer transmission process.

[0059] For different types of control information, the terminal performs physical layer processing according to preset coding and modulation methods. The coding method preferably includes channel coding algorithms based on LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check Code) or Polar (polarization code), and the modulation method includes mainstream modulation technologies such as QPSK and 16QAM. The specific selection of coding and modulation can be determined according to the type of control information, transmission reliability requirements, and current network configuration strategies, and the terminal synchronizes through system broadcast parameters or pre-configured parameters.

[0060] The modulated control information will be mapped to physical resource blocks (PRBs), and the terminal uploads the data to the corresponding time-frequency resource positions according to the resolved resource block positions. During the uplink transmission process, the terminal completes signal transmission through its physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The signal transmission process follows the current frame structure and uplink subframe configuration to ensure that the transmission behavior is synchronized with the system scheduling in terms of timing.

[0061] In terms of the selection of transmission time slots, the terminal confirms in which time slot the current control information should be transmitted according to the transmission time slot configuration field in the control signaling sent by the base station. For periodically reported control information, such as CSI, etc., the terminal also needs to perform repeated transmission operations in the specified periodic time slots according to the configured transmission period or triggering mechanism.

[0062] To improve the robustness of signaling transmission, when the terminal performs control information transmission, it needs to set the transmission power according to the power control parameters of the base station-configured channel, and introduce frequency domain precoding and power allocation strategies if possible to adapt to the changes in physical channel conditions and ensure the reliability of information reception.

[0063] Integrating the above processing procedures, the terminal can efficiently complete the uplink transmission task of the required control information within the limited resource block range according to the scheduling result sent by the base station. This process and the resource block prediction and sparse optimization strategy on the base station side jointly construct a closed-loop scheduling response mechanism, which has good uplink-downlink coordination and adaptation capabilities.

[0064] The present invention also provides a device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, including: The device on the terminal side includes: A control information detection module configured to detect the set of uplink control information to be transmitted currently; A resource demand mapping module configured to estimate and map the resource block demands of the control information set into hierarchical request values; a request signaling sending module configured to send a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request values to the base station; The device on the base station side includes: A behavior prediction and modeling module, configured to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; A sparse optimization and allocation module, configured to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation under the total resource block constraint, in combination with the prediction matrix and a preset control information type priority; A scheduling result sending module, configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal through downlink control signaling; The device on the terminal side further includes: a control information transmission module, configured to complete control information transmission through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the received scheduling result The device in this embodiment can be used to execute the above method embodiment, and the principle and technical effect are similar, which will not be elaborated here.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The terminal detects the set of uplink control information to be transmitted currently; The terminal estimates the resource block requirements according to the set of uplink control information and maps them to a hierarchical request value; The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station; The base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; Under the total resource block constraint, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and sends down the scheduling result; The terminal completes the transmission of control information through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result.

2. The method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein The set of uplink control information includes at least one of hybrid automatic repeat request, channel state information, and scheduling request.

3. The method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein The step that the terminal estimates the resource block requirements according to the set of uplink control information and maps them to a hierarchical request value includes: determining the corresponding resource block requirement range according to the control information type; Based on the data volume of various control information in the set of uplink control information, a hierarchical request value is selected within the corresponding resource block requirement range.

4. The method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein The step that the terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station includes: Jointly encoding the hierarchical request value and the terminal identifier to generate a resource block request signaling; Sending the resource block request signaling to the base station at a dedicated resource position of the physical uplink shared channel PUCCH.

5. The method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein The step that the base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values includes: Perform a time window division on the historical resource block request values to generate a three-dimensional data tensor Where, U represents the number of terminals; T represents the number of historical time slots; K represents the number of control information types; Unfold the three-dimensional data tensor into a two-dimensional matrix along the terminal dimension Filling in the missing values through a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate a terminal behavior prediction matrix P.

6. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optimization objective of the low-rank matrix completion algorithm is: Among them, is the time smoothing regularization term, represents the slice of the prediction matrix at time slot t; is the terminal similarity regularization term, represents the prediction slice of terminal i; s ij ∈[0,1] represents the quality of service similarity between terminal i and terminal j; λ1, λ2>0 are the time smoothing coefficient and the similarity constraint coefficient respectively.

7. The method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein The step that the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority under the total resource block constraint and sends down the scheduling result includes: The base station sets a resource block allocation upper limit according to the total number of currently available resource blocks; The base station extracts the resource block prediction demand values of each terminal for each control information type from the terminal behavior prediction matrix; The base station processes each control information type in order from high to low according to the preset control information type priority; At each priority level, the base station performs sparse optimization on the corresponding control information of all terminals and preferentially allocates to the terminals with higher prediction values; When there are overlapping requests for some resource blocks, the base station performs conflict mediation based on the terminal historical scheduling saturation; On the premise of meeting the total resource block constraint, the base station performs overall sparse optimization resource block allocation and sends the scheduling result to each terminal through downlink control signaling.

8. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 7, wherein The optimization objective of the mathematical model of the sparse optimization resource block allocation is defined as: Maximize the weighted utility function: And the following constraint conditions are used as optimization constraints: Among them, represents the number of resource blocks allocated by terminal u for control information type k; α k > 0 represents the priority weight of control information type k, and satisfies R total represents the total resource block budget of the current system; R max represents the maximum allocation value of resource blocks for each terminal on each type of control information; log(1 + A u,k ) is a logarithmic utility function, which is used to enhance sparsity and improve allocation fairness.

9. The method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein The step that the terminal completes the transmission of control information through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result includes: The terminal receives the resource block allocation information contained in the scheduling result sent down by the base station; The terminal analyzes the uplink resource block position and the corresponding control information type indicated in the resource block allocation information; The terminal encodes and modulates the control information to be sent according to the preset encoding and modulation mode; The terminal performs uplink transmission at the time-frequency resource position corresponding to the allocated resource block according to the encoding and modulation results; The terminal performs the uplink transmission process of the control information according to the transmission time slot or transmission period configured by the base station.

10. A device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, which is applied to the method for transmitting uplink control information in the wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including: The terminal-side device includes: A control information detection module, configured to detect the set of uplink control information to be transmitted currently; A resource requirement mapping module, configured to estimate and map the resource block requirements of the control information set into a hierarchical request value; A request signaling sending module, configured to send a resource block request signaling including the hierarchical request value to the base station; The base station-side device includes: A behavior prediction modeling module, configured to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request values; A sparse optimization allocation module, configured to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation under the total resource block constraint, in combination with the prediction matrix and the preset priority of the control information type; A scheduling result sending module, configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal through downlink control signaling; The terminal-side device further includes: A control information transmission module, configured to complete the control information transmission through the uplink using the allocated resource block according to the received scheduling result.

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