S-band high power pulsed magnetron

Abstract

The application discloses an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron and belongs to the field of vacuum electron devices. The device comprises an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, an input assembly, an output assembly and a permanent magnet. The application adopts an axial output structure, improves the sizes and proportions of the anode and the cathode, simultaneously increases the anode voltage, adopts the permanent magnet to provide a constant magnetic field, and can output a pulsed microwave power of more than 100kW on the basis of a small size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vacuum electronic devices, specifically relating to an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron. Background Technology

[0002] A magnetron is an orthogonal field microwave oscillator. When a magnetron is working, electrons between the anode and cathode interact with a high-frequency electromagnetic field under the control of a constant electric field and a constant magnetic field inside the tube. Through an axial slow-wave structure, it converts high-voltage electrical energy into microwave energy. It is one of the most widely used and commercially successful vacuum electronic devices.

[0003] Existing high-power pulsed magnetrons can output megawatt-level microwaves, but their radial output structure results in a large size. Furthermore, high-power pulsed magnetrons require a large constant magnetic field, often provided by custom magnets or electromagnets, further increasing weight and size and making integration difficult. Existing low-power pulsed magnetrons are smaller, but their output power typically does not exceed 3kW, which is insufficient for high-power-density output applications. Therefore, there is a need to research a magnetron that can simultaneously achieve both small size and high output power to adapt to a wider range of applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of excessive size and weight of pulsed magnetrons due to their strong magnetic fields and radial output, while ordinary compact magnetrons have relatively low output power, by providing an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron. The magnetron of this invention operates in the S-band and has an output power exceeding 100kW.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An S-band high-power pulsed magnetron includes: an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, an input assembly, an output assembly, and a permanent magnet;

[0007] The anode assembly includes: an anode cylinder, N anode blades, a spacer belt, an input end electrode shoe, and an output end electrode shoe; wherein, the anode cylinder is a circular anode cylinder; the anode blades are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder, and the cavity between adjacent anode blades is a fan-shaped cavity; the spacer belt is a double-ring spacer belt disposed at both ends of the anode blades; the input end electrode shoe is installed in the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located; the output end electrode shoe is installed in the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located.

[0008] The cathode assembly includes: a cathode emitter, an upstream end cap, a downstream end cap, a cathode connecting rod, and a cathode power supply column; wherein, the cathode emitter is coaxially disposed inside the anode cylinder; the upstream end cap and the downstream end cap are connected to the cathode emitter via the cathode connecting rod; the cathode power supply column is connected to the other end of the upstream end cap to support and fix the cathode;

[0009] The input component is fixedly connected to one end of the anode cylinder; the output component is fixedly connected to the other end of the anode cylinder.

[0010] The permanent magnet is disposed on the outside of the input component and the output component to provide a magnetic field for the magnetron;

[0011] The feature is that the diameter of the cathode emitter is in the range of 10-20 mm, and the ratio of the diameter of the cathode emitter to the inner diameter of the anode cylinder is in the range of 0.53-0.56;

[0012] The anode voltage ranges from 20kV to 30kV;

[0013] The range of values ​​for the magnetic field is obtained from formula (1):

[0014] (1)

[0015] In the formula, This is the anode voltage. Let be the inner radius of the anode cylinder. Where is the radius of the cathode emitter, and N is the number of anode blades. This refers to the wavelength of the output microwave.

[0016] Preferably, the slit ratio between the anode blade and the fan-shaped cavity is in the range of 3.1-3.5.

[0017] Preferably, the value of N is 10 or 12.

[0018] Preferably, the output component includes an output cylinder and an inner conductor of the antenna. One end of the inner conductor of the antenna forms a coaxial output structure with the output cylinder, and the other end is divided into M paths that pass through the through holes provided on the output end pole shoe and are connected to the anode blades.

[0019] Preferably, the value of M is 2-4.

[0020] Preferably, stepped grooves are provided at both ends of the anode blade, and the stepped grooves with the same shape are spaced apart by one anode blade. The stepped grooves are used to place the double-ring mode-blocking strip and connect to the inner conductor of the antenna.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the anode cylinder is in the range of 10mm-20mm.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] Traditional axial low-power pulse magnetrons typically have an anode tube-to-cathode emitter diameter ratio of 0.43-0.47, an anode blade slit ratio of 1.9-2.3, an anode voltage of 3kV-5kV, and a magnetic field of 0.17T-0.19T. This invention increases the diameter of the anode tube and cathode emitter, alters their ratio, and simultaneously increases the anode voltage while maintaining a constant magnetic field. Through the synergistic effect of these changes, the magnetron can output microwaves exceeding 100kW in a compact size. Furthermore, this invention increases the magnetron's efficiency by increasing the number of connection points between the antenna and the anode blades; and enhances its operational stability by increasing the thickness of the anode blades and anode tube and adjusting the anode blade slit ratio. This invention significantly improves output power while maintaining a compact design, making it suitable for a wider range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the S-band high-power pulse magnetron in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the output component of the S-band high-power pulse magnetron in the embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the S-band high-power pulse magnetron in the embodiment, excluding the anode cylinder, anode blades, and stepped grooves.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anode cylinder, anode blades, and stepped groove of the S-band high-power pulse magnetron in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5 The output power simulation results of the S-band high-power pulse magnetron in the embodiment are shown below;

[0029] Figure 6 The simulation results show the anode current of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Anode assembly, 11. Anode cylinder, 12. Anode blade, 13. Inner ring partition belt, 14. Outer ring partition belt, 15. Stepped groove, 16. Input pole shoe, 17. Output pole shoe; 2. Cathode assembly, 21. Cathode emitter, 22. Upstream cap, 23. Downstream cap, 24. Cathode connecting rod, 25. Cathode power supply column; 3. Input assembly; 4. Output assembly, 41. Inner conductor of antenna; 5. Permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron, including an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, an input assembly, an output assembly, and a permanent magnet.

[0033] The anode assembly includes: an anode cylinder, 10 anode blades, an inner ring partition belt, an outer ring partition belt, a stepped groove, an input end electrode shoe, and an output end electrode shoe.

[0034] The anode cylinder is a circular anode cylinder with an inner radius of 25 mm, an outer radius of 40 mm, and a length of 64.8 mm.

[0035] The anode blades are rectangular anode blades with a thickness of 5.75 mm and a length of 29.88 mm, evenly distributed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder. The cavity between adjacent anode blades is a fan-shaped cavity. Stepped grooves are provided at both ends of the anode blades. The stepped grooves with the same shape are spaced one anode blade apart. The maximum depth of the stepped grooves is 6.15 mm. The stepped grooves are used to place the double-ring mode-isolating strip and connect the inner conductor of the antenna, as well as to control the stable operation of the magnetron.

[0036] The partition strip is a double-ring partition strip disposed at both ends of the anode blades; wherein, the inner ring partition strip is connected to 5 anode blades spaced apart, and the outer ring partition strip is connected to another 5 anode blades spaced apart; the inner radii of the inner ring partition strip and the outer ring partition strip are 27.9 mm and 33.2 mm, respectively.

[0037] The input end pole shoe is installed inside the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input component is located; the output end pole shoe is installed inside the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input component is located.

[0038] The cathode assembly includes: a cathode emitter, an upstream end cap, a downstream end cap, a cathode connecting rod, and a cathode power supply column.

[0039] The cathode emitter is coaxially disposed inside the anode cylinder, and has a length of 28 mm and a radius of 6.5 mm.

[0040] The upstream end cap and the downstream end cap are connected to the cathode emitter via a cathode connecting rod; the end cap has a radius of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

[0041] One end of the cathode power supply post extends into the input component, and the other end is connected to the other end of the upstream cap to support and fix the cathode; the radius of the cathode power supply post is 6.5mm.

[0042] The permanent magnet is disposed on the outside of the input component and the output component, providing a magnetic field of 0.18T for the magnetron.

[0043] The input component is fixedly connected to one end of the anode cylinder and is a cylindrical structure with an inner diameter of 11.5 mm.

[0044] The output component includes an output cylinder and an antenna inner conductor; wherein, the inner diameter of the output cylinder is 11.5mm and is fixedly connected to the other end of the anode cylinder; one end of the antenna inner conductor forms a coaxial output structure with the output cylinder, and the other end is divided into two paths that pass through the through holes provided on the output end pole shoe and connect to the anode blade, and the distance between the connection point and the highest end face of the anode blade is 5mm.

[0045] The anode voltage is 25kV, which far exceeds the theoretical range of traditional small magnetrons (anode voltage 3kV-5kV, magnetic field 0.17T-0.19T). The magnetic field is 0.18T. Based on the fact that the magnetic field can use the same type of permanent magnet, the anode voltage is greatly increased, realizing the high power output of a small-volume magnetron.

[0046] The ratio of the anode to cathode radii is 0.542, and the anode slit ratio is 3.27, which far exceeds the theoretical range of traditional small magnetrons (radius ratio 0.43-0.47, slit ratio 1.9-2.3), enabling stable and high-efficiency operation of a small-volume magnetron under the premise of high power output.

[0047] It is worth noting that in this invention, the anode-cathode diameter ratio, anode voltage, and magnetic field work together to achieve higher output power.

[0048] Figure 5 The simulation result diagram of the output power of this embodiment shows that the output power of this embodiment is 625.4kW.

[0049] Figure 6 The simulation results of the anode current in this embodiment show that the anode current is 42.1A. Given that the anode voltage is 25kV, the working efficiency of this embodiment is 59.4%.

[0050] The high-power pulsed microwave output from the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron provided by this invention can be used for microwave disinfection and sterilization, and can also be used as a microwave source for electromagnetic interference, especially for countering unmanned vehicles. It can be used as a compact high-power pulsed microwave source that is easy to carry or move, that is, this invention can expand the application scenarios of miniaturized magnetrons.

[0051] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and adjustments can be made under the premise of adopting the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and adjustments should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An S-band high-power pulsed magnetron, comprising: Anode assembly, cathode assembly, input assembly, output assembly, permanent magnet; The anode assembly includes: an anode cylinder, N anode blades, a spacer belt, an input end electrode shoe, and an output end electrode shoe; wherein, the anode cylinder is a circular anode cylinder; the anode blades are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder, and the cavity between adjacent anode blades is a fan-shaped cavity; the spacer belt is a double-ring spacer belt disposed at both ends of the anode blades; the input end electrode shoe is installed in the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located; the output end electrode shoe is installed in the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located. The cathode assembly includes: a cathode emitter, an upstream end cap, a downstream end cap, a cathode connecting rod, and a cathode power supply column; wherein, the cathode emitter is coaxially disposed inside the anode cylinder; the upstream end cap and the downstream end cap are connected to the cathode emitter via the cathode connecting rod; the cathode power supply column is connected to the other end of the upstream end cap to support and fix the cathode; The input component is fixedly connected to one end of the anode cylinder; the output component is fixedly connected to the other end of the anode cylinder. The permanent magnet is disposed on the outside of the input component and the output component to provide a magnetic field for the magnetron; The feature is that the diameter of the cathode emitter is in the range of 10-20 mm, and the ratio of the diameter of the cathode emitter to the inner diameter of the anode cylinder is in the range of 0.53-0.56; The anode voltage ranges from 20kV to 30kV; The range of values ​​for the magnetic field is obtained from formula (1): (1) In the formula, This is the anode voltage. Let be the inner radius of the anode cylinder. Where is the radius of the cathode emitter, and N is the number of anode blades. This refers to the wavelength of the output microwave.

2. The S-band high-power pulse magnetron as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slit ratio between the anode blade and the fan-shaped cavity is in the range of 3.1-3.

5.

3. The S-band high-power pulse magnetron as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The value of N is 10 or 12.

4. The S-band high-power pulse magnetron as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The output component includes an output cylinder and an inner conductor of the antenna. One end of the inner conductor of the antenna forms a coaxial output structure with the output cylinder, and the other end is divided into M paths that pass through the through holes provided on the output end pole shoe and are connected to the anode blades.

5. The S-band high-power pulse magnetron as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The value of M is 2-4.

6. An S-band high-power pulse magnetron as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The anode blades are provided with stepped grooves at both ends. The stepped grooves with the same shape are spaced apart by one anode blade. The stepped grooves are used to place the double-ring mode-blocking strip and connect to the inner conductor of the antenna.

7. An S-band high-power pulse magnetron as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the anode cylinder ranges from 10mm to 20mm.

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